Abstract: The present invention relates to a charge transporting semi-conducting material comprising: a) optionally at least one electrical dopant, and b) at least one cross-linked charge-transporting polymer comprising 1,2,3-triazole cross-linking units, a method for its preparation and a semiconducting device comprising the charge transporting semi-conducting material.

Abstract: A method for enhanced validation of an entity associated with a COF token includes: storing at least transaction data, a token requester identifier (TRJD), and a COF token identifier; receiving payment credentials, wherein the payment credentials include at least a COF-specific payment token; generating a transaction message, wherein the transaction message is formatted based on one or more standards and includes at least a plurality of data elements including at least a first data element configured to store the COF-specific payment token, a second data element configured to store the COF token identifier, a third data element configured to store the TRID, and one or more additional data elements configured to store the transaction data; and electronically transmitting the generated transaction message to a financial institution via a payment network.

Abstract: A combustible solid propellant composition is disclosed that includes an oxidizer of the reaction product under vacuum of potassium periodate and isocyanate, a polymer binder, a plasticizer, and a fuel.

Abstract: A rocket motor propellant including a low molecular weight hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) polymer and, a high molecular weight isocyanate. In some implementations, a rocket motor propellant hereof is plasticizer free.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sprayable composition for providing a translucent, transparent, semi-transparent or opaque sprayable hair product which exhibits a high level of hold and rigidity to hair such that hair can be held in a particular position for prolonged periods of time without unnatural hardness, superior retention of shape in conditions of heat and humidity, and imparting thickness and body compared to current hairsprays; the composition comprising: a propellant and at least one binder, wherein at least one binder comprises an ethylene vinyl alkanoate copolymer with a weight percent of vinyl alkanoate in the copolymer within the range of 19 wt % to 42 wt %.

Abstract: The invention relates to Insensitive Munition (IM) energetic materials particularly non-phthalate IM propellant compositions. An energetic composition suitable for use as a propellant comprises the following components in the following relative proportions: component A; from 60% to 90% by weight of a highly energetic filler comprising at least one nitramine compound; and component B: from 5% to 20% by weight of a binder, component C: from and 3% to 15% of a plasticiser wherein the plasticiser comprises formula (A) of from 1% to 9% by weight, wherein Formula (A) is a diester plasticiser of R1—OC(O)—R3—C(O)O—R2,??Formula (A) wherein R1, R2, and R3 are independently selected from C3 to C10 alkyl or alkenyl. the percentages by weight of components A, B and C, together with minor additives, if any, adding to 100%.

Abstract: A method of forming polymer composites having transition metal oxide nanoparticles dispersed therein includes mixing a transition metal oxide precursor including at least one transition metal, a polymer as a binder, a solvent for the polymer, and water to form a first solution including polymer-transition metal complexes. The polymer-transition metal complexes are hydrolyzed to produce a plurality of transition metal oxide nanoparticles, wherein water is added in the mixing in a stoichiometric excess for the hydrolyzing. The solvent and residual of the water remaining after the hydrolyzing are removed. A polymer composite including a plurality of transition metal oxide nanoparticles dispersed in the polymer results after the removing, where some of the polymer is chemically conjugated to a surface of the transition metal oxide nanoparticles.

Abstract: A coaxial perforating charge includes a shaped charge and a container having a fracture explosive pack inside. The container is coaxially provided at a front end of the shaped charge; the fracture explosive pack is a ring-shaped explosive pack formed by impregnating a fracture explosive for eliminating a compacted zone into the container; the fracture explosive pack is coaxially arranged with the shaped charge. The fracture explosive includes ammonium perchlorate, aluminum powder, additive, and dioctyl sebacate; the additive is hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), or a mixture of HTPB, N,N?-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine and toluene di-isocyanate. A perforation method thereof, for self-eliminating a compacted zone, includes steps of: running a jet perforating gun downward; perforating while self-eliminating a compacted zone.

Abstract: A polymerizable composition for an optical material containing tolylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and one or more polythiol compounds selected from the group consisting of 4-mercaptomethyl-1,8-dimercapto-3,6-dithiaoctane, 4,8-, 4,7- or 5,7-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiaundecane, pentaerythritol tetrakismercaptoacetate, pentaerythritol tetrakismercaptopropionate, 2,5-bis(mercaptomethyl)-1,4-dithiane, bis(mercaptoethyl)sulfide, 1,1,3,3-tetrakis(mercaptomethylthio)propane, 4,6-bis(mercaptomethylthio)-1,3-dithiane and 2-(2,2-bis(mercaptomethylthio)ethyl)-1,3-dithietane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hybrid cushion element, in particular a seat cushion element for use in a motor vehicle, to a method for producing a cushion element, and to a vehicle seat, wherein the cushion element has a non-woven fabric layer and a fiber composite material, wherein an insert material is arranged between the non-woven fabric layer and the fiber composite material. During the production in a mold, fibers for the fiber composite material wetted with a binder are applied to the insert material, wherein the insert material and the layer of fibers are then pressed to form a complex molded body, wherein the binder can be cured at a temperature less than 120° C.

Abstract: A precursor formulation of a liner comprising a polymer and at least two curatives. One of the at least two curatives comprises a more reactive curative and the other of the at least two curatives comprises a less reactive curative. The more reactive curative is formulated to crosslink the polymer. A method of lining a rocket motor is also disclosed, as is a rocket motor including the liner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to iron (III) complexes of the formula Fe(L)x(Y)3-x, where the ligand L has the formula (I). Such complexes are especially suitable as a catalyst for two-component polyurethane compositions. The invention also relates to two-component polyurethane compositions comprising at least one polyisocyanate as the first component, at least one polyol as the second component and at least one iron (III) complex of this kind as a catalyst. In addition, the invention relates to various uses of these two-component polyurethane compositions.

Abstract: An insensitive melt-cast explosive composition incorporating on the one hand a meltable part formed of at least one meltable explosive and, on the other hand, a solid part incorporating oxynitrotriazole (ONTA) and cyclonite (RDX). This composition is characterised in that the cyclonite is a cyclonite of reduced sensitivity, the particle size of the insensitive cyclonite being of between 315 micrometers and 800 micrometers, whereas the particle size of the ONTA is of between 200 micrometers and 400 micrometers, the ONTA further having an apparent density greater than or equal to 0.95 g/cm3. The invention is applied to the loading of projectiles by casting.

Abstract: A gas generating composition exhibiting good slag forming ability is provided. The gas generating composition includes a fuel ranging from 10 to 60% by mass, an oxidizing agent ranging from 10 to 70% by mass, and a cooling agent (other than iron oxide) ranging from 1 to 20% by mass. The cooling agent has a volume mean diameter (D50) of 10 to 70 ?m and a volume mean diameter at cumulative of 10% (D10) of equal to or greater than 5 ?m. The cooling agent acts to decrease the combustion temperature and improve slag forming ability.

Abstract: A primer composition that includes red phosphorus having an acid scavenger and a polymer thereon. The primer composition includes at least one other component that is substantially free of lead. The other component is at least one oxidizer, or at least one oxidizer and at least one of at least one secondary explosive composition and at least one energetic binder. The primer composition optionally includes at least one element having an ionic charge to ionic radius ratio of 4 or of 8, such as magnesium, zirconium, aluminum, silicon, titanium, tungsten, alloys thereof, and combinations thereof. The red phosphorus and the at least one oxidizer are present in the primer composition at approximately stoichiometric amounts. An ordnance element including the primer composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cast explosive composition comprising a polymer-bonded explosive and a defoaming agent, and to a process for reducing the number and/or total volume of voids in a cast explosive composition comprising the steps of: combining a polymer-bonded explosive and a defoaming agent; and casting the explosive composition. The defoaming agent may be used for reducing the number and/or total volume of voids in a cast explosive composition and the cast explosive composition may be used in an explosive product.

Abstract: A propellant composition including, about 5 to about 30 weight % of a polymeric binder component having about 4 to about 10 weight % of at least one oxygen-rich pre-polymer, about 0.1 to about 2 weight % of at least one isocyanate curative, wherein the curative(s) react with alcohol groups on said pre-polymer(s) to formulate urethane linkages, about 1 to about 20 weight % of at least one plasticizer to improve processability and for oxygen balance of the composition, about 0.01 to about 1.0 weight % of at least one additive including cure catalyst(s) and stabilizer(s), about 1 to about 40 weight % of a mixture of high oxygen content insensitive gas generators in solid form, about 1 to about 50 weight % of at least one oxidizer, and wherein the composition is free of perchlorate.

Abstract: An explosive composition comprising a high density hydrocarbon compound selected from the group consisting of xylitol, sucrose, mannitol, and mixtures thereof and at least one energetic material. The high density hydrocarbon compound and the at least one energetic material form a substantially homogeneous explosive composition. A method of producing an explosive composition that is insensitive to impact is also disclosed.

Abstract: Extrudable gas generant compositions which, upon combustion, produce or result in an improved effluent and related methods for generating inflation gas for use in an inflatable restraint system are provided. Such extrudable gas generant compositions include a non-azide, organic, nitrogen-containing fuel, at least one copper-containing compound, a perchlorate additive and a polymeric binder material. The at least one copper-containing compound may be selected from basic copper nitrate, cupric oxide, a copper diammine-ammonium-nitrate mixture wherein the ammonium nitrate is present in the mixture in a range of about 3 to about 90 weight percent, and/or a copper-nitrate complex resulting from reaction of 5-aminotetrazole with basic copper nitrate.

Abstract: This thermoplastic elastomer is present in a substantially solid state suitable for use as a binder for a propellant, explosive, and/or gas generant of a supplemental restraint system. The thermoplastic elastomer is formed from a composition including A blocks which are crystalline at temperatures below about 75° C. and B blocks which are amorphous at temperatures above about ?20° C. The A blocks are derived from oxetane derivatives and the B blocks are derived from oxiranes and derivatives thereof. The A blocks and B-blocks are end-capped with a diisocyanate having a first isocyanate moiety that is substantially more reactive with the terminal groups of the blocks than the second isocyanate moiety, whereby the more reactive first isocyanate moiety is capable of reacting with the terminal groups of the blocks, leaving the less reactive second isocyanate moiety free and unreacted.

Abstract: The proposed propellant powder exhibits a temperature-independent burning behavior and high ballistic stability. The production process starts with a perforated bulk powder grain, which is processed inside a mixing apparatus with a solid material, a plug-stabilizing moderator or deterrent (if necessary also a radical initiator) and a low-viscous liquid. With a minimum amount of solid material, moderator or deterrent and liquid and because of the continuous mixing, the form function is influenced in such a way that the gas-formation rate is practically independent of the propellant powder temperature. As a result, the muzzle energy at the normal temperature and, above all, at a low deployment temperature can be increased markedly as compared to that of a standard propellant powder.

Abstract: A flexible inflator for an inflation assembly and related gas generating propellant compositions are provided. The flexible inflator includes at least one elongated strand of a propellant co-extruded with a moisture barrier. The propellant compositions are adapted for co-extrusion with a plastic sheath which forms the moisture barrier surrounding the propellant and include a binder fuel component effective to render the composition flexible and to impart sufficient adhesive properties such that the propellant composition and the plastic sheath adhere together, and an oxidizer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a solid propellant for rocket motors, gas generators and comparable devices, comprising a cured composition of hydrazinium nitroformate and an unsaturated hydroxyl terminated hydrocarbon compound.

Abstract: In the military field of explosive munitions, a semi-continuous process produces a composite explosive charge composing a charged solid polyurethane matrix, the charge of which is pulverulent and comprise at least one nitro-organic explosive, by introduction into a mould of a pastry explosive composition and then thermal crosslinking of this composition. The composition is obtained by mixing constituents essentially comprising a polyol prepolymer, a plasticizer, a polyisocyanate monomer and a pulverulent solid charge comprising at least one nitro-organic explosive. This simple and economic process makes it possible to dispense, without disadvantage, with the pot life/curing time of the composition compromise.

Abstract: A solid rocket propellant includes a hydroxy-terminated caprolactone ether binder and an oxidizer. The propellant may be disposed of by contacting it with an aqueous solution of 12 N NaOH or 6 N HCl at a temperature of about 140° F. for about 24 hours to decompose the binder. Solids remaining in the solution after the binder decomposes are removed.

Abstract: A degradable prepolymer for explosive and propellant compositions having increased hydrolyzability comprising at one —O—CH2—O— linkage within the backbone of the prepolymer. The degradable prepolymer is useful as a binder for explosive and propellant compositions.

Abstract: Improved binders for energetic compositions include high molecular weight polyester polyol binder polymers and energetic plasticizers wherein the plasticizer to polymer ratio is 1.6:1 or less.

Abstract: A gas-generating composition is provided resistant to temperature changes between −40° C. and 100° C., repeated 200 times. The gas-generating composition includes a nitrogen compound stabilizer having nitrogen atom with an unpaired electron. The gas-generating composition is stabilized by the stabilizer by improving the adhesiveness between the organic binder and ammonium nitrate.

Abstract: High temperature incendiary (HTI) devices and methods destroy biological and/or chemical agents. Preferably, such HTI devices include dual modal propellant compositions having low bum rate propellant particles dispersed in a matrix of a high burn rate propellant. Most preferably, the HTI device includes a casing which contains the dual modal propellant and a nozzle through which combustion gases generated by the ignited high burn rate propellant may be discharged thereby entraining ignited particles of the low burn rate propellant. In use, therefore, the high burn rate propellant will be ignited using a conventional igniter thereby generating combustion gases which are expelled through the nozzle of the HTI device. As the ignition face of the propellant composition regresses, the low burn rate particles will similarly become ignited.

Abstract: A solid, heterogeneous, high performance rocket propellant, operable at high pressure with a bum rate relatively insensitive to changes in pressure and temperature, is disclosed. The propellant includes a binder formed from the reaction of a hydroxy terminated polybutadiene with a diisocyanate, ammonium perchlorate as an oxidizer, aluminum as a fuel, and iron oxide as a bum rate modifier. The ammonium perchlorate is a multimodal mixture of large particles with a weight mean diameter of about 70 to about 110 &mgr;m and small particles having a weight mean diameter of about 7.5 to about 15 &mgr;m. The propellant may also include bonding agents, curing catalysts, a plasticizer, antioxidant/peroxide scavengers, and pot life extenders.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) comprises an inflatable vehicle occupant protection device (20) and a gas generating material (16) that, when ignited, produces gas to inflate the inflatable vehicle occupant protection device (20). The gas generating material (16) comprises a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer and an inorganic salt oxidizer. The polyurethane elastomeric material comprises a physically cross-linked linear copolymer of an aromatic diisocyanate and a linear energetic polymer having a hydroxyl functionality of two or less.

Abstract: The present invention is a modified HFPB polymer for use in propellants and explosives that is chemically degradable and also is compatible with commonly used energetic plasticizers. The HFPB polymer of the present invention contains ester linkages formed in the backbone of the polymer from a dicarboxylic acid containing either oxymeythylene or oxyethylene moeities. The ester and ether linkages change the polarity of the polybutadiene to make it compatible with polar energetic plasticizers. The ester linkages along with either oxymethylene or oxyethylene moeities make the polymer degradable to basic solutions while still maintaining the structural integrity necessary for a polybutadiene type binder.

Abstract: High temperature incendiary (HTI) devices and methods destroy biological and/or chemical agents. Preferably, such HTI devices include dual modal propellant compositions having low burn rate propellant particles dispersed in a matrix of a high burn rate propellant. Most preferably, the HTI device includes a casing which contains the dual modal propellant and a nozzle through which combustion gases generated by the ignited high burn rate propellant may be discharged thereby entraining ignited particles of the low burn rate propellant. In use, therefore, the high burn rate propellant will be ignited using a conventional igniter thereby generating combustion gases which are expelled through the nozzle of the HTI device. As the ignition face of the propellant composition regresses, the low burn rate particles will similarly become ignited.

Abstract: High temperature incendiary (HTI) devices and methods destroy biological and/or chemical agents. Preferably, such HTI devices include dual modal propellant compositions having low burn rate propellant particles dispersed in a matrix of a high burn rate propellant. Most preferably, the HTI device includes a casing which contains the dual modal propellant and a nozzle through which combustion gases generated by the ignited high burn rate propellant may be discharged thereby entraining ignited particles of the low burn rate propellant. In use, therefore, the high burn rate propellant will be ignited using a conventional igniter thereby generating combustion gases which are expelled through the nozzle of the HTI device. As the ignition face of the propellant composition regresses, the low burn rate particles will similarly become ignited.

Abstract: A process is provided in which at least one polyol having a hydroxyl functionality of at least three, preferably four, serves as a polymerization initiator. The polyol initiator is optionally, although preferably, reacted with a catalyst to form a catalyst-initiator complex, which is then used in the polymerization of glycidyl nitrate. The resulting polyfunctional poly(glycidyl nitrate) has a functionality substantially equivalent in number to the hydroxyl functionality of the polyol. The poly(glycidyl nitrate) is cross-linked with at least one aromatic diisocyanate having at least one aromatic ring and two isocyanate moieties bonded directly to the at least one aromatic ring. Examples of the aromatic diisocyanate include toluene diisocyanate, phenylene diisocyanate, and/or methylene di-p-phenylene diisocyanate.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein relates to solid propellant formulations, which exhibit good processing properties, good safety characteristics, desirable combustion properties, good safety. characteristics and excellent mechanical attributes. The solid propellant formulations disclosed. herein burn at a rate of about 0.5 in/s at 1000 psi and show no pressure slope break up to 8000 psi. The solid propellant formulations of the disclosed invention incorporate oxidizers of varying particle size to avoid a pressure slope break. The solid propellant formulations of the present invention avoid the use of large-size ammonium perchlorate (AP) particles having particle size in the range of 200-400 &mgr;m to avoid the pressure slope break problem, which typically occurs at about 2500 psi to 3500 psi.

Abstract: A gas generating material (52) for use in a vehicle occupant protection apparatus (10) comprises a particulate oxidizer, a hydroxy terminated polybutadiene, a diisocyanate cross-linking agent, and a plasticizer. The diisocyanate cross-linking agent cross-links the hydroxy terminated polybutadiene to form an elastomeric binder that contains the particulate oxidizer. The ratio of hydroxyl groups of the hydroxy terminated polybutadiene to isocyanate groups of the diisocyanate cross-linking agent is at least about 0.95.

Abstract: A nitrate ester plasticized energetic composition in which the binder is made of, prior to curing, lower alkylene glycol prepolymer blocks end-capped with ethylene glycol monomers and/or oligomers. The end-capped prepolymer blocks are preferably difunctional or trifunctional. The lower alkylene glycol are preferably propylene glycol, butylene glycol, and/or copolymers thereof. The difunctional end-capped alkylene glycol prepolymer blocks are cured with a diisocyanate or polyisocyanate. In the case of a trifunctional (or higher functional) end-capped alkylene glycol prepolymer block, preferably a diisocyanate is used to effect crosslinking.

Abstract: A pourable, plastic-bound explosive charge has a crystalline explosive substance embedded in a polymer matrix which includes a binder, a softener and a metal powder. The metal powder which is added in a proportion of 0.1 to 10 weight % has substantially spherical grains and is one or more of the following materials: vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum or tungsten.

Abstract: Gas generating pellets for an air bag system causes the initial inflating speed of the air bag to be increased at a reduced rate to prevent a passenger from being injured due to vigorous inflation of the air bag in the initial period, while maintaining sufficient ability to restrict the passenger after 35 to 50 milliseconds from the start of the inflation. Combustion of the gas generating pellets for an air bag system are controlled such that in a tank test conducted with respect to a gas generator using the pellets, where a desired maximum tank pressure is P (kPa), and a period of time from the start of rising of the tank pressure to the time when the maximum tank pressure P (kPa) is reached is T milliseconds, the tank pressure measured after 0.25×T milliseconds is not higher than 0.20×P (kPa), and the tank pressure measured after 0.80×T milliseconds is not lower than 0.70×P (kPa).

Abstract: An insensitive melt cast explosive composition obtained by dissolving an energetic copolyurethane thermoplastic elastomer (“ETPE”) in melted trinitrotoluene (“TNT”) is disclosed. The resulting ETPE-TNT solution is easy to mix with other ingredients such as nitramines, plasticizers, aluminum and can be processed with the existing melt cast facilities. The energetic solution can be poured into shells and upon cooling to produce a recyclable plastic bonded explosive. Instead of melted TNT, the same process works equally well with melted Octol or melted Composition B to dissolve the ETPE.

Abstract: This invention relates to energetic compositions, which offer increased performance in conjunction with a total absence of halogen based oxidizers to eliminate exhaust products, such as hydrogen chloride. The oxidizers of choice are various combinations neat ammonium dinitramide, ammonium dinitramide prills and CL-20, because these oxidizers do not produce halogen containing exhaust products, such as the HCl gas of ammonium perchlorate. The exhaust these novel propellants consist mostly of CO2, H2O, N2, and small amounts of CO. These exhaust species are friendlier and much less hazardous to the environment than those emitted by conventional AP-based propellants. The plasticizers are selected from energetic plasticizers that do not contain halogens, but maintain other desirable properties.

Abstract: Compositions of matter for use as propellants, methods of making these compositions, and devices incorporating the compositions, are described. One composition of the invention includes ammonium perchlorate, iron oxide, finely divided silica and a crosslinkable binder. Another general composition of the invention includes ammonium perchlorate, iron oxide, finely divided silica and a crosslinked binder.

Abstract: A gas generating material (52) for use in a vehicle occupant protection apparatus (10) comprises a particulate oxidizer, a hydroxy terminated polybutadiene, a diisocyanate cross-linking agent, and a plasticizer. The diisocyanate cross-linking agent cross-links the hydroxy terminated polybutadiene to form an elastomeric binder that contains the particulate oxidizer. The ratio of hydroxyl groups of the hydroxy terminated polybutadiene to isocyanate groups of the diisocyanate cross-linking agent is at least about 0.95.

Abstract: Tactical missile propellant formulations are inherently sensitive to impact and friction stimuli. The impact and friction insensitivity of some tactical propellant formulations is improved significantly when internal conductive polymers PERCOL®292, (copolymer of a quaternary acrylate salt and acrylamide, Allied Colloids, Inc.) and VERSICON®, (Polyaniline)(Emeraldine salt), green/black powder, Monsanto Company) are added to the formulation. These two conductive polymers were evaluated in a high performance propellant formulation containing the same ingredients now being used in fielded tactical missiles. The impact and friction insensitivity of propellants containing these conductive polymers was improved thirty and sixty six percent, respectively.

Abstract: This invention relates to energetic compositions, which offer increased performance in conjunction with a total absence of hydrogen chloride in the combustion products. The formulation avoid the use of halogen based oxidizers to prevent the formation of halogen based byproducts. The formulations disclosed herein use ammonium dinitramide as a primary oxidizer, which is a more energetic molecule than ammonium perchlorate. The solid propellant formulations disclosed herein comprise about 5.0 to about 10.0 weight % of at least one energetic binder; about 20.0 to about 35.0 weight % of an energetic plasticizer; about 25.0 to about 45.0 weight % of ammonium dinitramide as a primary oxidizer; about 0.0 to about 20.0 weight % of particulate aluminum having a particle size of about 1 &mgr;m to about 60 &mgr;m; and about 0.0 to about 20.0 weight % of ultrafine aluminum having a particle size of less than 1 &mgr;m.

Abstract: An energetic and recyclable propellant composition, which is capable of withstanding cold temperature, includes an energetic copolyurethane thermoplastic elastomer. The propellant composition can be used as a gun or rocket propellant, an explosive or in air bag gas generators.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein relates to solid propellant formulations, which exhibit good processing properties, good safety characteristics, desirable combustion properties, good safety characteristics and excellent mechanical attributes. The solid propellant formulations disclosed herein burn at a rate of about 0.5 in/s at 1000 psi and show no pressure slope break up to 8000 psi. The solid propellant formulations of the disclosed invention incorporate oxidizers of varying particle size to avoid a pressure slope break. The solid propellant formulations of the present invention avoid the use of large-size ammonium perchlorate (AP) particles having particle size in the range of 200-400 &mgr;m to avoid the pressure slope break problem, which typically occurs at about 2500 psi to 3500 psi.

Abstract: An energetic copolyurethane thermoplastic elastomer (ETPE) is prepared by polymerizing a dihydroxyl terminated telechelic energetic polymer having a functionality of two or less with a diisocyanate at a NCO/OH ratio of about 0.7 to 1.2. The resulting copolymer is easy to incorporate in gun propellant or explosive formulations and is recyclable. These energetic copolyurethane thermoplastic elastomers were obtained mainly by macropolymerization of GAP prepolymers with 4,4′-methylenebis-phenyl isocyanate (MDI). In these syntheses, GAPs having molecular weights of 500, 1000 and 2000 were used as macromonomers and polymerized with MDI to yield three different copolyurethane thermoplastic elastomers. This process may be applied to any dihydroxyl terminated energetic prepolymers. The hard segments of the ETPE are obtained by the formation of hydrogen bonds between the urethane groups.

Abstract: An explosive composition is provided which comprises a mixture of a particulate low density agent and a particulate oxidising agent. The particulate low density agent is a synthetic polymeric low density agent, e.g. foamed polystyrene, which is coated with a 5 to 30 wt % of a first wetting agent. The first wetting agent comprises a first flowable carbonaceous fuel, e.g. mineral oil, and a first tackifying agent for the first flowable carbonaceous fuel. The particulate oxidizing agent is coated with a second wetting agent. The second wetting agent comprises a second flowable carbonaceous fuel, e.g. mineral oil, and a second tackifying agent for the second flowable carbonaceous fuel. The first and second wetting agents may be the same. The explosive compositions may have densities of less than about 0.2 g/cm3.