Abstract: Universal modifiers from the class of organic and inorganic acids and their salts of new power systems of driving force on the basis of complex complete or/and incomplete nitrates (nitroesters) monoatomic (alcohols, alkanes), diatomic (diols, glycols, alkanediols), triatomic (triols, glycerin), multinuclear (of absolute valence) alcohols, cellulose, as well as nitroamines (nitramines), azides (azoimides), nitro compounds and compositions with mixed groups and their mixtures purposefully modifying their thermodynamic parameters, mechanical, physical, chemical, biochemical properties.

Abstract: A percussion primer composition including at least one explosive, at least fuel particle having a particle size of about 1500 nm or less, at least one oxidizer, optionally at least one sensitizer, optionally at least one buffer, and to methods of preparing the same.

Abstract: A powdery pyrotechnic mixture is proposed that comprises a binary or ternary inorganic oxidizing agent mixture composed of one or two metal oxides, a nitrate totaling 50.0% by weight to 85.0% by weight, an elementary inorganic fuel or a mixture of elementary inorganic fuels totaling 15.0% by weight to 40.0% by weight, a stabilized nitrocellulose or a nitrocellulose-based propellant powder from 0.0% by weight to 25.0% by weight, graphite from 0.0% by weight to 5.0% by weight as well as. Optionally. a further processing aid from 0.0% by weight to 5.0% by weight. The powdery pyrotechnic mixture excels in that it contains no chlorate-containing compound and/or perchlorate-containing compound as an oxidizing agent and no sulfur or a sulfur-containing compound as fuel. The proposed pyrotechnic mixture is used in pyrotechnic objects and ammunition for the production of a bang-effect and/or flash effect.

Abstract: The invention provides an infra-red decoy flare comprising a pyrotechnic composition which comprises an extrudable and energetic binder in an amount in the range of from 4-35 wt %, which binder comprises a nitrocellulose, an oxidator in an amount in the range of from 40-80 wt %, a pyrotechnic fuel in an amount in the range of from 15-35 wt %, and a carbon source in an amount of up to and including 10 wt %, all amounts based on total pyrotechnic composition. The invention further provides a process for preparing said infra-red decoy flare.

Abstract: An infrared illuminating composition comprising approximately 70 weight % of an oxidant evidencing strong emission in the NIR region selected from the group consisting of potassium nitrate, cesium nitrate and mixtures thereof; 9 weight % of a metallic fuel evidencing low visible light emission, 4 weight % of an epoxy resin binder, 16 weight % of a NIR light enhancer and 1% by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of a double base propellant material, a triple base propellant material and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: An explosive composition is derived from a non-aqueous emulsion of a solution of a self-explosive dispersed as the discontinuous phase (D-phase) throughout a continuous phase (C-phase) which is substantially immiscible with the D-phase. The emulsion is prepared by dropping the solution of self-explosive into a dispersion of surfactant or emulsifier in fuel, at a temperature high enough to prevent precipitation of the self-explosive from solution. Upon cooling and aging, the emulsion becomes a pourable or pumpable mass which gradually is destabilized. Upon destabilization and recrystallization in a cavity, a mass of crystals of self-explosive becomes shaped to the cavity.

Abstract: Use of 5-oxo-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole in gunpowder and propellant compositions are disclosed. Such compositions include triple base gunpowders further containing nitrocellulose and a liquid nitric ester such as nitroglycerine. Lowered flame temperatures of the gunpowder and reduced firearm barrel erosion is achieved thereby. The solid propellants include gas-generating compound propellants, less hygroscopic than a propellant contaning ammonium nitrate.

Abstract: A stabilized high energy explosive, e.g. hexogen (RDX), octogen (HMX) or the like, as a component of NC or plastic-bound propellant charge powders (Lova-TLP) or plastic-bound explosives (PBX) has a particle size up to 5 .mu.m and a stabilizer incorporated into the explosive particles. In order to produce such an explosive, it is proposed that the explosive in the dissolved form and with the stabilizer in the liquid phase is mixed with a proportion of up to approximately 6% and the mixture is brought by flash drying into the solid phase with a particle size of up to 5 .mu.m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to water-in-oil emulsion explosive compositions comprising a discontinuous aqueous phase, a continuous water-immiscible organic phase, and an emulsifier content being at least 45% by weight of the emulsified fuel phase which decreases precompression or dead pressing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nitrocellulose single-base propellent powders which exhibit good resistance to aging and to moisture. The powders according to the invention characteristically contain zinc carbonate whose particle size distribution is between 2 and 50 micrometers as an additive. The zinc carbonate is incorporated in the powder during the blending. The powders according to the invention find their preferred applications as propellent powders for ammunition intended for warships or for aircraft or as powders intended for gas generators for pyrotechnic devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of combustible ammunition and relates chiefly to the manufacture of bottoms or covers for combustible cases.According to the invention, a combustible article is manufactured by pressing in a die 10 at least one sheet 21 of combustible paper containing nitrocellulose and having the shape of a disc, by virtue of a rigid movable punch 20 exerting a compressive force on a deformable flexible punch 22 arranged inside the said die 10 between the sheets 21 and the said movable punch 20. The flexible punch 22 is in the shape of a substantially cylindrical thick disc, consists of neoprene or a silicone resin and has a hardness of between 55 and 65 Shore at 20.degree. C. The pressing operation is accompanied by a thermoforming operation carried out at approximately 115.degree. C.The process is particularly suitable for the production of bottoms of combustible cases bearing studs or grooves on their side faces.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of combustible articles by embossing combustible paper and combustible articles thus produced.The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of combustible dish-shaped articles of revolution with circular external outlines from combustible paper containing nitrocellulose by embossing at least one combustible paper disc 11 comprising a central part 12 and a peripheral part consisting of a plurality of portions 13 separated from each other by radial slits 14 the length "L" of which is smaller than the radius "R" of the said disc 11 and the width "e" in which is at least equal to the minimum width required to prevent the overlapping of the said portions 13 when the disc 11 is deformed by embossing.The invention also relates to combustible dish-shaped articles of revolution with circular external out-lines, consisting of at least one sheet of combustible paper containing nitrocellulose and in particular those produced by the process according to the invention.

Abstract: A solid or semisolid propellant comprising grains of propellant or propellant components bonded together so as to create voids within the propellant volume, said grains bonded together with sufficient strength to substantially delay the fluidization of the propellant by the onset of Taylor unstable burning, said propellant having a rapid burn rate below that associated with Taylor unstable burn. In another embodiment, the grains are held within and the voids are filled with viscous fluid binder such as a petroleum oil, said binder functioning to hinder Taylor unsatable burning and yet permit very rapid burning within the propellant volume.

Abstract: The invention relates to propellant powders and specifically to stabilizers for nitrocellulose-based propellant powders.

Abstract: An azidonitrate energetic composition i.e. cellulose azidonitrate and a pess of making the same from nitrocellulose and sodium or lithium azide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cast explosive composition having a relatively high density and energy and a critical diameter no larger than about 150 mm at a temperature of 5.degree. C. The composition comprises inorganic oxidizer salt consisting primarily of ammonium nitrate, a water-immiscible organic liquid fuel, less than about 5% water, a sensitizer and an emulsifier which allows formation of a water-in-oil emulsion at an elevated formulation temperature but which also allows the emulsion to weaken and the inorganic oxidizer salt to crystallize at lower or ambient temperatures to produce a cast composition.

Abstract: A high density emulsion blasting agent and method is provided for increasing volume energy and optimizing booster sensitivity of water-in-oil emulsion blasting agents without loss of desirable handling characteristics of invert emulsions by utilizing an effective amount of a special sensitizing formulation in total or partial substitution for gas entraining density control agents.

Abstract: A liquid-type low detonation-velocity explosive compositions having reduced shock energy with unhindered bubble energy, and a method for minimizing damage from explosive well stimulation procedure by use of such compositions.

Abstract: An improved explosive composition comprises a carbonaceous absorbent formed from processed cellulose, a liquid explosive and an oxygen-supplying salt. By adding varying amounts of nitrocellulose, the composition may form a gelatin or semigelatin dynamite.

Abstract: There is disclosed a multi-vessel autoclave which is suitable for use in a continuous process for purifying nitrocellulose made by the nitric acid-sulfuric acid nitration of cellulose. The autoclave comprises a plurality of adjacent cylindrical vessels wherein each common wall between the adjacent vessels has an opening for the passage of the nitrocellulose which is in a slurry. The openings are situated so the slurry flows in a serpentine path.

Abstract: A crosslinked binder for crosslinked single and double base propellant is provided. The binder is prepared from nitrocellulose, certain polyester diols which contain both aliphatic and aromatic ester functionality and a polyfunctional isocyanate having an NCO functionality of at least three. The propellant prepared from the binder exhibits improved mechanical property aging characteristics under conditions of high humidity.

Abstract: An explosive composition is provided including as a sensitizer, a mixture of metriol trinitrate and diethylene glycol dinitrate, and including dimethylformamide as a polar compatibility additive.

Abstract: Smokeless crosslinked double-base propellant compositions having good mechanical properties over a wide temperature range are provided. The propellant compositions contain nitrocellulose, energetic plasticizer, a crosslinking agent which is a prepolymer of a hydroxy terminated polyester and a diisocyanate, lead salt and carbon black.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing a gelatine explosive composition comprising the steps of adding at least one dispersing agent to a mixture of liquid nitric esters and ortho-nitrotoluene, adding the resulting mixture to blasting soluble nitrocotton to form a gel and subsequently adding oxidizing salts, fuels, and when desired, a water-proofing agent such as tamarind seed flour or guar gum to form a homogeneous mixture.

Abstract: Gelled explosive compositions of matter based on inorganic oxygen releasing salt material and comprising from 0 to 5% w/w of water, from 0.1 to 5% w/w of gum and from 1 to 30% w/w of an amine which in liquid form is capable of solvating said gum.

Abstract: This invention relates to self-supporting, water-resistant explosive comptions composed essentially entirely of explosively active ingredients and methods for making same. The compositions consist essentially of a particulate high explosive and a high viscosity nitrocellulose binder plasticized with TMETN (trimethylolethane trinitrate) without the use of other plasticizers.