Abstract: An apparatus and process are provided for mixing of liquid, powder, and other ingredients using a mixing chain agitator. The mixing chain agitator is comprised of a plurality of links where each link comprises crossbars to create divisions for liquids, powders, and other ingredients to pass through during the mixing action. The plurality of links may be interlinked according to the embodiments disclosed.

Abstract: A chain link for antiskid chains of vehicle tires, which is provided in order to improve the grip properties, in particular on a smooth underlying surface, with one or more spike(s) which project on one of its sides. Each spike has, perpendicular to its longitudinal extent, a cross-section whose outer edge has a corrugated peripheral contour of successive troughs and peaks.

Abstract: A link member for a tire chain, comprising a body including a cavity for receiving a portion of a ring element therein, the body also including an opening for inserting the ring element into the cavity, said body further being adapted to receive a retaining member for closing the opening and retaining the ring element in the cavity.

Abstract: In order to protect the sidewall of a vehicle wheel from damage caused by an antiskid chain mounted on the wheel, a sidewall protection cover having a U-shaped body is provided. The sidewall protection cover accommodates a chain link of a chain side strand that is situated against the sidewall. The body is preferably one piece and has two wings that are connected along a spine, where the wings enclose a space for accommodating the chain link, and at least one of the wings has a holding element, on its side that faces inward, in the form of a projection for holding the chain link and/or a connection element suspended on it in place between the wings.

Abstract: In an anti-skid chain with a continuous chain mesh with track crosses and a side cable fitted on a tire side when mounted, e.g. an outer side cable fitted on the outer side of the tire, as well as a tension cable fitted on the other tire side, e.g. an inner cable lying on the inner side of the tire, there are connecting elements on the tension cable, into each of which either a hook connecting the tension cable with at least one track cross or chain parts of the continuous chain mesh are directly hooked, and which are clamped on a sheathing of the tension cable secured against slippage. At least one protrusion for fixing or clamping a sheathing of the tension cable can additionally by provided on an inner surface of the connecting elements facing towards the tension cable.

Abstract: A wheel bearing unit that measures the contact forces between the tire and the road under all driving situations including operation of the brake, and provides information for the vehicle operation control systems and for optimizing the braking process, the unit including first sensors arranged on the stationary part of the wheel bearing in order to measure the forces acting in the wheel bearing, and second sensors arranged on a support members for the disk-brake caliper for continuously determining the acting braking forces.

Abstract: A vehicle tire has a plurality of first marks arranged in a circular pattern on a radially outer area of the vehicle tire. A plurality of second marks is arranged in a circular pattern on a radially inner area of the sidewall. Passing of the first and second marks is detectable by magnetic or inductive sensors. The derived signals are used to determine the longitudinal force acting on the tire or the tire spring travel or the footprint length or the load/pressure ratio during rotation of the tire.

Abstract: The stay member for a tire chain has a base member including a base portion and a wear portion. The base member has a longitudinal center plane. The base member has at least one connecting opening for receiving connecting members of the tire chain. The base portion includes a tire contact surface opposite the wear portion. The wear portion projects at least partly laterally past the base portion and has a wear surface and lateral surfaces. The wear surface includes grooves extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal center plane. The lateral surfaces extend at such an angle to one another that ring members received in neighboring ones of the stay members are spaced from one another when the stay members touch one another.

Abstract: A snow chain for a motor vehicle tire which consists of a pair of side cables, a plurality of cross cables between the pair of side cables and connected to the side cables by connectors. Rotatably disposed grippers on the cross cables. Deformation of the connectors and damage to the tire is prevented by the insertion of a rubber ring on the cross cable between the grippers and the connector. One direction slippage (skid) is prevented by forming a space of "t" between axially disposed protrusions on the grippers disposed on the cross cables and means to join the ends of each of the side cables to one another.

Abstract: A plate for placement between a tire chain and a tire sidewall to protect the sidewall. Lockable ties pass through plate openings and chain links to hold the plate in place. A second form of the plate utilizes locks integral with the plate and which pass through openings in a retainer which is integral with the plate. The locks are biased into retainer engagement. A further form of the protector utilizes posts which extend through a retainer with lockable ties on the posts preventing retainer disengagement.

Abstract: A detachable automobile tire nonskid device includes a plurality of members mounted on a metallic portion which would otherwise come in contact with a road surface. The plurality of members may include spaced rigid nonskid plate members and annular elastic bodies alternately disposed on the metallic portion, with the annular bodies having outer diameters greater than a thickness of the nonskid members. The annular elastic bodies also may be supported on flanged spool members alternately mounted on the metallic portion between the nonskid plate members.

Abstract: In a tire protection and/or skid protection for vehicle tires the tread of the tire is provided with recesses, which are to receive tire protectors or skid protectors. These protectors are retained in the recesses by means of retaining strands mounted in grooves of the tire tread. The retaining strands are connected to lateral chains or parts of lateral chain networks respectively which come to bear against the side walls of the vehicle tire, there being at least one tensioning device for tensioning the lateral chains or chain networks.

Abstract: A stud arrangement on casehardened studded chains for motor vehicles, wherein the studs consist of a steel body which is permanently welded to a chain link and provided with a centrally disposed hard metal pin. The hard metal pin is inserted into the steel body such that it is covered on all sides by steel material of a thickness which at least corresponds to the casehardening penetration depth. In a method for producing such studded chains, an inwardly converging blind hole is cut out from one end of the steel body. The hard metal pin, of a shape corresponding to the conical hole, is forced into the hole, the pin being shorter than the blind hole so that a skirt is formed outside the pin. The edge of the skirt is beveled, and the steel body with the metal pin therein is joined to the chain by resistance welding in a machine for welding studs onto chain links, the body with the pin being moved gradually toward the chain link as the beveled edge melts and flows radially outwards.

Abstract: At the nodal points of the chain net in a tire chain, components (1) are provided which have at least one T-shaped section, the transverse bar (3,4) of which forms holding arms (5) for chain links (6) to be hung in; in these components, the ends, forming locking pins (9), of a closure element (8) mounted in a bore (7) in the middle of the longitudinal bar of the T-shaped section serve to secure the chain links (6) hung into the hook-shaped holding arms (5) (FIG. 1).

Abstract: An improved tire protection chain (14) is disclosed which comprises a plurality of flat metal rings (16) disposed in a staggered pattern over the tread surface of the tire. Means (18) are provided for joining the rings into a flexible mesh, this means comprising at least one flat, oblong chain link (20, 22) oriented so that one of its long sides (30) faces toward the tire surface and the other of its long sides (28) faces away from the tire surface. Attached to the side of the chain link which faces away from the tire surface is at least one traction stud (36, 38, 40). The central opening of the oblong chain link is configured so that rotation of the oblong chain link is limited relative to adjacent links or rings.

Abstract: A tire chain having horizontal links of high breaking strength and vertical links having high resistance to wear and tear.