Abstract: The invention below relates to a doctor blade device with an elongated doctor blade intended to operate continuously against a roll surface (2) and/or a cylinder surface (20) during scraping or wiping off material (IB) on the surface (20), which doctor blade device (5) comprises a carrier beam (10) adapted to the length of the roll surface or cylinder surface, which carrier beam has a clamping arrangement (4) for the positioning of a carrier part (3), arranged, in a groove in the longitudinal direction, to slidably carry the doctor blade (6), wherein the carrier part (3) comprises a carrier blade (30), a lip means (14) arranged at the carrier blade (30) and a spacer element (12) arranged between the lip means (14) and the carrier blade, wherein the carrier blade (30), the lip means (14), and the spacer element (12) are arranged, along a first long side edge of the carrier blade (30) between them, to form said groove (15) for slidable positioning in the longitudinal direction of the doctor blade (6) by support

Abstract: A scouring article including a monolithic nonwoven pad with a semi-densified fibrous layer that is integral to the monolithic nonwoven pad and that provides a major surface of the monolithic nonwoven pad, and methods of making and using.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of modifying soluble xylan which contains glucuronic acid and/or arabinose side chains so that it can be adsorbed onto other substrates. The method includes the steps of enzymatically modifying the xylan by selectively removing glucuronic acid and/or arabinose side chains from the xylan with ?-D-glucuronidase and/or ?-L-arabinofuranosidase, and allowing the modified xylan to adsorb onto the substrate. The substrate may be a cellulosic substrate like pulp or paper or a non-cellulosic substrate. The enzymes are able to remove a sufficient number of the xylan side chains so as to decrease water solubility of the xylan, induce xylan precipitation and allow adsorption of the xylan onto other substrates. A pulping process which incorporates modification of xylan and adsorption onto cellulosic material is also provided, as are products which contain the modified xylan.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a fiber board characterized in that it comprises the following processes (a)–(f): (a) a separating process of a bast portion, (b) a fiberizing process by defibrating the bast portion of the kenaf, (c) a preparing process of a mat comprising the kenaf fibers having an average length of 10–200 mm and an average diameter of 10–300 ?m, (d) a supplying process of an adhesive agent into the fiber mat, (e) a drying process of the adhesive agent, and (f) a molding process by heating said fiber mat under pressure to form a fiber board having a density of 600–900 kg/m3.

Abstract: A method of treating solid containing material derived from effluent or sludge from a plant for de-inking paper, the material containing calcium in the form of one or more insoluble calcium compounds, the method including the steps of treating the material with an acid to cause dissolution of the calcium thereby forming a calcium ion-containing solution in which insoluble solids are suspended, separating the solution from the insoluble solids and incinerating the separated solids. The solution containing calcium ions may be treated by adding one or more reagents to form a calcium compound precipitate, eg calcium carbonate. The particulate solids produced following the incineration step and following the precipitate formation may be employed as pigments or fillers in paper making or paper coating.

Abstract: The process of the present invention purposefully precipitates a portion of the dissolved lignin onto pulp fibers to improve pulp yield of unbleached pulp. The resulting retention of lignin on the pulp creates an increase in pulp yield. Washing the pulp in a series of washer stages sequentially removes entrained lignin. Between each of the washer stages, adding dilution water repulps a pulp mat that exits from a prior washer stage and creates a pulp stream for a next washer stage. After at least one of the washer stages, adding an acidifying agent to the pulp stream forms a pulp product by precipitating the entrained lignin onto cellulosic fibers contained in the pulp stream. Finally, the process removes the pulp product from the series of washer stages with the pulp product having at least about a 1 unit increase in Kappa number.

Abstract: The specification discloses an unorthodox system for manufacturing strong, light-weight and weather-resistant cellulosic composite materials from discarded paper and newsprint, and papermill sludge--and from an unlimited variety of particulated fibrous lignocellulosics--without the use of an extrinsic adhesive. Both the matrix-forming resin and the fiber-substrate, which comprise the entire composite, are spontaneously created in situ at ambient conditions by the ammoniation of a mixture of a protein-containing material and a particulated cellulosic. Heating an article shaped from such a mixture to above 175.degree. C. polymerizes the resin and bonds the fiber-substrate into a cellulosic composite product. Also disclosed is a process for manufacturing reinforced and laminated composites as well as a composition which simplifies the production of both cellulosic composites and all-biomass thermosetting resins.

Abstract: A measuring bridge, fixed in place above a moving paper web and disposed crosswise to it, is provided, having a measuring head, movable back and forth--crosswise to the paper web--, for determining the measuring values for judging the thickness of the paper web at the measuring spots or point on top of which the measuring head happens to be. The measuring device, has a process management system, in which a traversing flow program has been installed, in accordance with which the traversing time and/or the reversing time of the measuring head are changed after each traverse of the measuring bridge. Because of this, the frequency of the measurements along the web becomes irregular. This prevents false evaluations of the cross section and, as a consequence, inappropriate control instructions of a control computer.

Abstract: A method of hardening wood using a pulping agent for the chemical separation of lignin from cellulose in the wood without damage to either component. The pulping agent comprises the reaction product of (a) a compound produced by electrolytic oxidation of a predetermined amount of a loweralkanolamine in aqueous solution and neutralized with a strong mineral acid, with (b) the loweralkanolamine used in excess relative to the predetermined amount of loweralkanolamine subjected to the electrolytic oxidation. Also disclosed are processes utilizing such a pulping agent for chemically debarking whole logs as well as for converting soft wood into hard wood.

Abstract: A method for making a shaped product comprising exploded bark. Preferably the shaped product comprises exploded softwood bark having at least 23% cellulose and at least 18% lignin and polyphenols content, based upon the dry weight basis of the bark. One of the methods to make the shaped product comprises exploding softwood bark to obtain exploded softwood bark having at least 23% cellulose and at least 18% lignin and polyphenols content, compressing that exploded bark into a shaped product, while removing in part water, and drying the shaped product to remove the remaining water.

Abstract: A procedure for manufacturing lignocellulosic material products and for improving their strength and water resistance characteristics, high-molar mass lignin derivatives being added to the lignocellulosic material, of which at least 35% by weight are over 5000 in molar mass.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of products containing fibers of lignocellulosic material which involves the disintegration of a lignocellulosic material into fibers and forming and pressing of the fiber web into the product in question, which is preferably in the form of fiberboard (board products). The material that forms the fibers is impregnated with lignin in conjunction with water and at a pH which does not substantially exceed 12.5. When the lignin has been absorbed by the material it is fixed against leaching by water through the modification of said lignin into an essentially water-insoluble form.

Abstract: Process for causticizing a water solution containing alkali carbonate with calcium oxide and hydroxide by bringing the water solution containing alkali carbonate into contact with the calcium oxide or hydroxide and by separating the alkali hydroxide solution arisen in the causticizing from the calcium carbonate precipitate. The water solution containing alkali carbonate is conducted through a bed which has been formed by mixing calcium oxide and calcium carbonate in the causticized alkali solution and by removing the excess alkali solution.

Abstract: A portion of the spent cooking liquor from a pulping process is diverted from the washing step directly to the machine chest of a paper machine for pre-sizing the paper made on the paper machine. The preferred pulping process is an unbleached kraft or sulfate process and the preferred raw material for the pulping process is pine or softwood chips. Moreover, the preferred point in the washing step for diverting the black liquor is near or at the final washing stage.

Abstract: An additive comprising an anionic organic surface active agent is incorporated into mechanical or thermomechanical pulp at an elevated temperature and pressure. The additive causes dispersion of lignin and retards redeposition of lignin so that the bursting strength of the paper formed from the pulp is improved. The preferred additives are higher molecular weight anionic organic polyelectrolytes or polymers, particularly polymeric sulfonates. Further improvement in bursting strength is achieved by the wet end addition of a cationic organic polyelectrolyte or polymer, with or without starch. Lower molecular weight anionic organic detergents can also be used but should be rinsed from the pulp before forming paper.