Abstract: A paper cover sheet material for use in the production of gypsum wallboard, the paper cover sheet material having excellent drainage, porosity and drying properties, and a wallboard product produced therefrom, the paper cover sheet material being produced from fibers comprising a major proportion of cellulose fibers and a minor proportion of mineral fibers, the paper composition additionally comprising a cellulose gel, a latex binder and a flocculating agent, thereby enabling the mineral fibers to be dispersed in an aqueous slurry without materially fracturing the fibers, and retaining the shot present in the mineral fibers without permitting the shot to be released and thereby to contaminate the papermaking equipment. The excellent porosity, drying properties and drainage of the paper permit the gypsum wallboard formed with the paper to be readily set and dried with reduced heat energy requirements.

Abstract: There is provided an improved non-woven fibrous felt material made up of fibers, partially fibrous agglomerates of forsterite, enstatite and silica as filler and an organic binder. The improved felt material possesses increased hot tensile strength over felt material made from non-calcined asbestos tailings or inert inorganic fillers.

Abstract: The fibrous material is for the preparation of a sheet material containing large amounts of inorganic fine powders or inorganic short fibers by a usual paper-making method. A raw material for forming the fibrous material is previously impregnated with a polymer flocculant of the polyacrylamide type or the like in the amount of 0.01 to 5% (dry solids). The fibrous material is adaptable for sheets which can be prepared easily by individuals at home as well as at factories. The fibrous material can be utilized for a wide range of application, for example, for various ceramic products, construction materials, papers for special use, filters and so on and for recovery of solids from waste water or the like.

Abstract: A flexible ceramic fiber board is formed from fibers with a homogeneous latex binder coating. The coating is formed from a slurry of the latex, a cationic acrylamide base copolymer and aluminum sulfate solution. The cationic copolymer aids the aluminum sulfate in homogeneously depositing the latex and forming a uniformly flexible board. The shape that is formed is dried dielectrically. The crystalline, high Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 fibers may be mixed with non-crystalline, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.SiO.sub.2 fibers.

Abstract: Non-asbestos alternatives to starch-bound asbestos papers comprise a matrix of unfired ball clay which is reinforced by vitreous fibres derived from wool-form materials and by organic web-forming fibres, the whole being bound together by hydrolysed starch.

Abstract: A method of making a cellulosic paper or paperboard by agitating an aqueous suspension of cellulose fibers until they become separated from each other and swollen. A sufficient amount of hydrocolloid is added to bind the water in the suspension such that no water will bleed out during a subsequent shaping. The mixture is kneaded until a homogeneous, plastically deformable mixture is formed. The mixture contains about 50-90% water, fibers in excess of about 8% and hydrocolloid in excess of about 1% by weight. The mixture is shaped by extrusion, rolling, pressing or drawing.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fibrous, nonwoven, flow filter tube and the filter tube so prepared, which method comprises forming a filter tube from an aqueous slurry containing an admixture of both low-melting-point binder and high-melting-point filter fibers, and, thereafter, heating the filter tube to a temperature greater than the temperature of the low-melting-point fibers and less than the temperature of the high-melting-point fibers, to effect melting of the low-melting-point fibers, the molten material of the low-melting point fibers forming at the crossover points of the high-melting-point fibers to act as a bonding agent, thereby preparing a nonwoven, self-supporting, fibrous filter tube composed of the filter fibers.

Abstract: Flooring felt containing glass fibers, cellulosic fibers, synthetic fibers, particulate inorganic filler, latex binder and calcium hydroxide.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a high impart strength carbonate building element is disclosed. Solids and water are mixed to produce a slurry in which the solids consist essentially of at least one alkali earth oxide or hydroxide and an amount of cellulose fibers in the range of 7-40% by weight of solids. The slurry is formed into a gas permeable shape having water-containing voids and a porosity in the range of 35-50%. Carbon dioxide is then caused to permeate into the shape through the voids to convert the hydroxide to a carbonate, thereby imparting high impact strength to the resulting element. This converting step is performed in a short time period, the duration of which depends on the percentage of carbon dioxide present in the processing atmosphere. This time period is about 30 minutes for an atmosphere of 100% carbon dioxide.

Abstract: Undesired substances are removed from a gas or vapor stream containing same by a gas-vapor treating mat composed of glass fibers intermixed with micro-bits of any of an expanded thermoplastic styrene-polymer or expanded thermoplastic lower polyolefin or flexible foam polyurethane and a compatible organic bonding agent, which mat may contain one or more additives from the group of fibers of a fiber-forming terephthalate polyester, activated carbon particles, gas-vapor adsorbent zeolite particles or crystalline molecular sieve particles.

Abstract: Fibrous material is provided comprising cellulose fibers and mineral wool fibers in a weight ratio within the range from about 3:7 to about 10:1, impregnated with an amount of a water-soluble polyoxyalkylene ether alcohol sufficient to impart dimensional stability thereto and having the formula:R.sub.1 [--O--(C.sub.n.sbsb.1 H.sub.2n.sbsb.1 --O).sub.x --C.sub.n.sbsb.2 H.sub.2n.sbsb.2 --OH].sub.mwherein:R.sub.1 is hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon substituted with secondary hydroxyl groups and free from primary hydroxyl groups and having from one to about twenty-four carbon atoms;m is a number within the range from 1 to about 6;n.sub.1 is a number within the range from about 2 to about 4;n.sub.2 is a number within the range from 3 to 4; and--C.sub.n.sbsb.2 H.sub.2n.sbsb.

Abstract: The properties of nonwoven glass fiber and nonwoven polymer fiber are combined efficaciously in a composite web that comprises two component webs of particular composition. One of the component webs is formed by screen casting, squeezing, and drying an aqueous dispersion of glass fiber, thermoplastic fiber, and a hydrophilic polymer so that temporary adhesion bonding occurs. The other of the component webs is formed by orienting textile polymer fiber and thermoplastic fiber so that temporary matting occurs. The composite web is formed by superposing and calendering the component webs under heat and pressure so that fusion bonding of the thermoplastic fiber occurs within each and between both of the component webs. As a result, the glass fiber and textile fiber are predeterminedly locked and the properties of both are predeterminedly available.

Abstract: A glass fiber filter mat possessing excellent wet strength which is in the form of a non-woven matrix of glass micro-fibers including polymer micro-bits derived, for example, from a non-brittle expanded, thermoplastic styrene polymer or a flexible foamed polyurethane, the micro-bits being substantially free of intact cells. Also included in the filter mat is a cobeat or intimate blend of cellulose fibers and the polymer micro-bits, which may additionally contain polyester fibers, as well as a combination of binders, viz., polyvinyl alcohol and a melamineformaldehyde resin.

Abstract: A diaphragm for a speaker which is prepared by heating a conjugated sheet obtained by paper-making polyethylene short fibers with other short fibers which have a high modulus of elasticity, such as carbon fiber, to melt and solidify polyethylene short fibers in the conjugated sheet; the process for the production thereof. The diaphragm for a speaker of the invention has a high modulus of elasticity and a high internal loss and a speaker prepared with such a diaphragm has the advantage of having a wider reproducing frequency response and lower distortion. Furthermore, the process for production of the invention possesses another advantage in that diaphragms for speakers can be produced in a continuous process of successively pressing out the speaker diaphragm with a cold mold press.

Abstract: An air filtration mat formed from a mixture of certain proportions of glass micro-fibers, an intimate blend or cobeat of cellulose fibers and micro-bits of an expanded, non-brittle polystyrene, lower polyolefin, or flexible polyurethane, and an organic binding agent such as polyvinyl alcohol or aqueous acrylic or vinyl chloride polymer emulsions distributed uniformly throughout the glass micro-fibers and blend of cellulose fibers and micro-bits. The glass micro-fiber component is made up of an array of fibers having various dimensions, which are mixed in specific proportions. The filter mat may optionally contain fibers of a fiber-forming terephthalate polyester to enhance the wet strength of the web during processing.

Abstract: A surface covering comprising: one or more layers of the same or different resinous polymeric compositions; and a dimensionally stable fibrous backing material in adhering contact therewith comprising: from about 30% by weight to about 77% by weight of selected proportions of overlapping, intersecting and intermatted polypropylene fibers, glass fibers and wood pulp fibers; from about 0.2% to about 2% by weight of a stable, water-soluble, cationic, quaternary modified acrylamide polymer having a high charge density of from about 350 to about 600 or more milliequivalents/milligram of unit weight and a very high molecular weight of from about 3 million to about 8 million or more; from about 15% to about 60% by weight of a filler or loading agent; and from about 7% to about 27% by weight of a synthetic resinous polymeric binder, all percentages being based on the total weight of the dimensionally stable fibrous backing material.

Abstract: A laminated composite comprising a web of heat-resistant base material having a sufficient structural strength and a web of tiny mica flakes laid on said web of base material by multilayer-paper making. This composite can be manufactured with good operational efficiency, is improved in mica retention and is excellent in varnish-impregnability, heat-resistance, mechanical strengths and electric insulation.

Abstract: A ceramic fiber felt is obtained by mixing alumina crystalline ceramic fibers having at least about 60 weight percent of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, the rest being SiO.sub.2 and impurities, and having a filament length ranging from 10 to 30 mm with aluminosilicate non-crystalline ceramic fiber having from about 40 to 70 weight percent of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, the rest being primarily SiO.sub.2, impurities, and, optionally, including a small amount of metal oxides, and having a filament length ranging from 5 to 30 mm, the weight proportions of the alumina crystalline ceramic fibers to the aluminosilicate non-crystalline ceramic fiber being from about 4:6 to 7.5:2.5, and preferably from about 4:6 to 5:5, and binding the mixture of components with an organic binder.The ceramic fiber felt having a linear percentage shrinkage at 1400.degree. C. of only about 2% is very inexpensive compared to alumina ceramic fiber and is highly suited for use as or in furnace linings.

Abstract: A friction member is a clutch facing, a brake pad, or a brake lining which comprises a phenolic fiber, a plated organic fiber, and/or mixed fiber thereof, which may or may not comprise the other fibers such as nonorganic fibers, as based material of the aforementioned friction member, wherein various difficulties of asbestos are improved.

Abstract: An electrical insulating material composed of a mica flake layer and a heat resistant base material layer is prepared by superposing the mica flake sheet containing at most 9% by weight of pulp-like particles of a heat resistant polymer based thereon on the heat resistant base material sheet, both of which sheets being dried, and heating them under pressure. The electrical insulating material has excellent in structural strength, varnish-impregnability, and is resist to pealing off of the mica flakes.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to the production of a mineral fiber product for example to replace asbestos fibers in different products. In the method of production, at most 7% by weight of mineral fibers is dispersed in water which contains a wetting agent, undispersible material being then separated and the dispersion being then mechanically dewatered to a dry content of from 30 to 70% by weight and a fiber density of from 200 to 400 kg/m.sup.3. In a subsequent, separate stage, the fibers are redispersed in water substantially without the addition of wetting agent, are provided with possible additives such as cellulose fibers, are shaped, dewatered and dried.

Abstract: A material of the board type for various thermal shielding applications preferably contains 10 to 50% by weight of a mineral substance based on silica or silicates in fibrous form prepared from the fused substance, 10 to 70% by weight of clay, if necessary 10 to 60% by weight of a mineral having a needle-like crystal structure, and a small proportion of an organic binder for maintaining the mineral constituents in a coherent structure at least during fabrication, conversion and utilization of the end product. The total quantity of organic substances does not exceed 8% by weight of dry substances. The material has high temperature strength by virtue of the combination of an organic binder with a mineral binder and also has good dimensional stability.

Abstract: A board product containing glassy inorganic fibre such as mineral wool, in a matrix of a plastic clay such as ball clay. The amounts of clay and inorganic fibre are in the respective ranges 29 to 80 percent by weight and 15 to 55 percent by weight of the product, and its density is at least 500 kg/m.sup.3.The board can replace asbestos millboard and has the advantage of being asbestos-free. It can be made by the standard paper and board-making techniques, when preferred ingredients are pulp fibres e.g. cellulose pulp, and a complementary binder, particularly hydrolyzable starch, the latter enabling the product to be re-mouldable upon moistening with water.

Abstract: A mica-filled glass fiber sheet which is smooth, of relatively low porosity, and dimensionally stable is described as is its method of manufacture. The sheet is prepared from a low-consistency aqueous slurry wherein the solids consist essentially of glass fibers, organic fibers, mica, and binder. Based on 100 parts by weight glass fibers, 3 to 15 parts by weight organic fibers, 30 to 100 parts by weight mica flakes, and 5 to 20 parts by weight organic binder are added to the water in preparing the furnish. In forming the sheet, this slurry or furnish is deposited onto a moving screen, the excess water is removed, and the wet laid sheet is dried and the binder set. In a subsequent operation, the sheet is saturated with a resin solution or latex.

Abstract: An improved dimensionally stable backing web is disclosed, especially for resilient flooring product and linoleum, comprising cellulosic fiber, a binder, antioxidant, fungicide and glass fiber, as well as optionally dyes or pigments, surfactants and vulcanizing agents. Also optionally present are calcium silicate mineral fiber or synthetic fiber, such as polyolefin, polyester, nylon, acrylic or modacrylic fiber, a cellulose acetate or mixtures thereof. The binder can be a natural rubber or synthetic rubber latex or mixtures thereof. The synthetic rubber latex is preferably selected from the following: styrene-butadiene; carboxylated styrene-butadiene, polyacrylic ester, polyvinyl acetate; polyisobutylene, a copolymer formed from vinyl acetate monomers and acrylic acid; polychloroprene, acrylonitrile-butadiene or carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene; polyurethane; a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate; or other elastomeric copolymers.

Abstract: A non-asbestos millboard refractory composition useful for the manufacture of lehr and glass tempering rolls and useful at temperatures above about 650.degree. C. comprises on a dry weight basis 10-30 percent ceramic fiber, 0-10 percent organic fiber, 35-60 percent pyrophyllite and 20-35 percent inorganic binder. This composition is particularly useful in the manufacture of a non-asbestos millboard sheet which is formed by preparing an aqueous slurry of the components of this composition, adding flocculant and developing the flocculated composition into sheet form by placing the slurry on a rotating screened cylinder to effect formation and dewatering, transfering the dewatered and formed slurry to a synthetic felt and then to an accumulator roll, where layers of the slurry are accumulated upon one another to a desired thickness. The accumulated layers are then slit, removed and formed into flat sheets of desired dimensions for subsequent use.

Abstract: A process for the production of paper and paperboard is disclosed wherein water-insensitive starch fibers, produced by extrusion of a starch dispersion into a coagulating solution, are employed to replace all or part of the cellulosic or other pulp conventionally employed. There is also disclosed a method for the incorporation of functional additives into paper during the production thereof; and a method for binding fibers in non-woven webs.

Abstract: A process of producing a uniform fiber dispersion involves the use of an in-line dispersing chamber to provide an average fiber dwell time of only about ten minutes and less. The chamber is provided with a plurality of weedless, nonthrusting impellers that generate regions of reduced pressure and flow disruptive turbulence of high intensity, the turbulence being of sufficient intensity to rapidly open fiber bundles and disperse the individual long fibers during said dwell time within said chamber. The process produces a machine-made light weight glass fiber web material of exceptionally uniform fiber distribution. The web is comprised of micron diameter glass fibers having a fiber length of about 1/4 inch or more and a basis weight of about 5-30 grams/square meter. The web material exhibits an isolated multi-fiber defect count of less than 10 per 100 square feet and a visually perceptible overall uniform fiber distribution essentially devoid of "cloud effect" fiber density variations.

Abstract: A paper based frictional material is formed by forming a paper material of a desired size from a mixture comprising wood pulp, a lubricant and an organic fiber; soaking said paper material in a binder agent, and then drying the soaked material; and heating said dried paper product to carbonize the same under conditions in which oxygen is substantially eliminated from contact with said paper material so that a material is obtained whose frictional characteristics are such that the material is useful as a clutch facing in automatic transmissions.

Abstract: A sheet which is a composite of (A) from about 1 percent to about 30 percent of a water-dispersible fiber such as wood fiber, (B) from about 2 percent to about 30 percent of a film-forming, water-insoluble, organic polymer such as a copolymer of styrene and butadiene and (C) from about 60 percent to about 95 percent of a finely-divided, substantially water-insoluble, non-fibrous, inorganic filler such as magnesium hydroxide is prepared by steps comprising:(I) providing an aqueous dispersion of the fiber;(II) mixing therewith (A) the inorganic filler and (B) the organic polymer in the form of an ionically stabilized latex;(III) colloidally destabilizing the resulting mixture to form a fibrous agglomerate in aqueous suspension;(IV) distributing and draining the aqueous dispersion on a porous substrate such as a wire to form a wet web; and(V) drying the web.

Abstract: A non-woven glass fiber-containing sheet composed of a top layer of a mixture of glass fiber with other fiber and a back layer of a mixture of fiber other than glass fiber with polyvinyl chloride fiber or polyvinyl chloride latex flocculate is a suitable substrate for processing it into flooring, walling, roofing, etc. by impregnating it with a polyvinyl chloride sol to strengthen the sheet without exudation of the sol onto the back layer surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel sheet adapted to be adhered to and form the outer layer of a wood article, said sheet being made from a furnish comprising, for each 100 parts by weight, from about 10 to 25 parts synthetic pulp, 10 to 25 parts by weight mineral fiber, 0.1 to 2 parts size, 0.1 to 2 parts wet strength agent, and 79.8 to 46 parts wood fiber and to laminates comprising a wood core and said sheet adhered to at least one surface of said core.

Abstract: An improved method for producing acoustical fiberboard, which method comprises adding agglomerate articles formed from an aqueous composition comprising fiberboard dust, a glactomannan gum or glactomannan gum derivative, and a crosslinking agent to an aqueous fiberboard slurry, is disclosed. The resulting acoustical fiberboard exhibits excellent sound absorption.

Abstract: A method for producing shaped bodies of fibrous materials using mineral fibers, cellulosic fibers, and zero fibers. The zero fibers are extremely thin and short cellulosic fibers produced either synthetically or from natural by-products from the cellulose industry. These bodies can be used as substitutes for asbestos fiber products, and display physical properties, such as resistance and rigidity, comparable to the asbestos products. The fibrous materials are produced using an aqueous dispersion of the mineral fibers, cellulose fibers, and zero fibers, whereafter the dispersion is de-watered, shaped and dried.

Abstract: A mineral board product is formed having a low density backing layer and a high density damage-resistant surface layer on conventional fourdrinier equipment in a continuous wet-laid process by initially forming a low density water-laid sheet by flowing a slurry of the board-forming materials onto the wire of a fourdrinier and, at that point on the wire where the mat has formed but at which the water content is between about 7.0 and 12.0 percent, a surfacing layer is applied by means of a secondary head box to the mat, the slurry forming said surfacing layer having a slurry consistency of between about 10 and 15 percent and a Canadian Standard Freeness of between about 150 and 300.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for making an asbestos-free calcium silicate board, which comprises preparing a slurry of a mixture of silicic acid material, lime material, fibrous wollastonite and pulp with a large amount of water, forming the slurry into a raw board by means of the sheet-forming technique, steaming the raw board and drying. This invention also relates to the board produced in accordance with the above method.

Abstract: A method of producing an inorganic substance board, wherein after preparation, such as by use of paper making process, the board is hardened in an autoclave with saturated steam at a high temperature, high pressure and for a suitable length of time, and after hardening, subjecting the board to one or more drying cycles comprising a vacuum treatment at 60 to 300 Torrs, for a suitable length of time to enable the core of the board to reach a suitable temperature, the application of saturated steam at 2 to 12 Kg/cm.sup.2 pressure and 120 to 190.degree. C temperature for a period of time sufficient to allow the core to reach a suitable temperature. The number of cycles is preferably 10 or less. Advantageously, the inventive drying treatment prevents efflorescence and warping of the boards.

Abstract: A recording sheet consisting mainly of fibrous material is capable of displaying a colored image when contacted under pressure with substantially colorless crystal violet lactone and similar dye precursors if at least 3% of the fibrous material is constituted by uniformly distributed asbestos fibers. Sheets having adequate strength for carbonless copying should not contain more than 30% asbestos fibers. Stronger colors are obtained if the sheet further contains a mixture of .gamma.-alumina and .gamma.-alumina precursors in an amount of 2% to 20% of the weight of the fibrous material, the mixture containing 1% to 30% water volatile at 1000.degree. C, and being converted substantially entirely to .gamma.-alumina when heated from 300.degree. to 1000.degree. C.

Abstract: A thermal insulating board product, comprising expanded perlite, fibers, and bituminous material, also includes a relatively small amount of starch binder.

Abstract: An improved raw felt material having a high degree of strength and flexibility and increased bulk. The raw felt is used in producing an asphalt roofing cover. The felt is formed from an adhesively bonded porous non-woven sheet of an inorganic fibrous material and has finally divided vulcanized rubber particles distributed within the fibrous material.

Abstract: A process for preparing glass fiber-reinforced cement sheets by dewatering a slurry wherein at least one member selected from asbestos, cotton, flax, hemp, wool, or silk fibers is added to the aqueous cement-glass fiber slurry. The sheets so produced have increased bending strengths and improved peeling resistance.

Abstract: A process for preparing a non-combustible hardboard sheet is disclosed. The process comprises the formation of relatively low density insulation board type product which is dried, whereafter the board is wetted on both sides and compressed at relatively high temperatures to form a dense non-combustible hardboard product.

Abstract: A surfactant foaming agent added to a wet fibrous sheet just before initiation of vacuum water extraction forms foam within the sheet. The foam expels water from the sheet while increasing the resistance to vacuum. Water removal time is lengthened and the fractional amount of water removed by suction is increased. The reduced residual water provides a proportional decrease in drying time and drying energy.The addition of an anti-foaming agent with the surfactant reduces the water drainage time as compared to the normal case. This increases the drainage rate but does not increase the amount of water drained from the sheet.

Abstract: Dispersions of glass fibers are produced by agitating a mixture comprising water, glass fibers and a water solution of a linear polysiloxane containing at least 6 silicon atoms, each of said silicon atoms having 2 non-hydrolyzable oleophilic groups attached thereto.

Abstract: A process for preparing a non-combustible hardboard sheet is disclosed. The process comprises the formation of relatively low density insulation board type product which is dried, whereafter the board is wetted on both sides and compressed at relatively high temperatures to form a dense non-combustible hardboard product.

Abstract: A fiber web made by the wet method on a paper making machine is impregnated with a heat sensitized, foamed latex binder as the web passes through a screening area of the paper making machine.

Abstract: A carbon fiber paper is obtained from a mixture of carbon fibers, pulp, organic fibers having a carbon yield of not less than 20% and a paper sheet binder in relative amounts such that the ratio of the carbon fibers to the pulp falls in the range of 40 - 90% by weight of carbon fibers to 60 - 10% by weight of pulp, the ratio of the organic fibers to the combined weight of said carbon fibers and pulp falls in the range of from 5 to 20% by weight and the ratio of the paper sheet binder to the combined weight of said carbon fibers, pulp and organic fibers falls in the range of from 5 to 50% by weight. The resultant mixture is shaped into the form of sheet to produce a mixed paper sheet, impregnated with an organic high molecular substance and baked to carbonize at a temperature of not less than 800.degree. C in an atmosphere of an inert gas.

Abstract: Fibrous assemblies, such as paper, having advantageous properties related to bulk, absorbency, and compaction resistance are obtained from discrete fiber aggregates by a process which comprises contacting a slurry of anionically charged fibers with a slurry of cationically charged fibers to form said discrete fiber aggregates and thereafter forming fibrous assemblies by conventional processes.

Abstract: An improved low density asbestos-cement product and the process whereby it is produced wherein an asphalt emulsion is combined with the formulation from which the product is made, which asphalt emulsion has an asphalt phase which asphalt has a softening point of at least 150.degree.F and is dispersed in water in globules all smaller than 10 microns.

Abstract: Beta Glass fibers are dispersed in a solution containing hydrochloric acid nd a hydrophobic fumed silicon dioxide treated with a silane thereby forming a slurry which is subjected to a sonic probe whereafter other glass fibers are mixed into said slurry and the mixture is formed into a glass fiber filter.