Abstract: A stable aqueous dispersion of platy particles and precipitated calcium carbonate, a method of producing the same and uses of the dispersion. The aqueous dispersion comprises 50 to 95 parts by weight of platy particles; and 5 to 50 parts by weight of precipitated calcium carbonate particles having an average diameter of 30 to 60 nm. The dispersion has a dry matter content of more than 30% by weight of the dispersion, and a Brookfield viscosity (100 rpm) of 200 to 5000 cP. The dispersion is suitable for forming barrier coatings on a substrate, having properties of improved gas barrier and improved mineral oil barrier.

Abstract: Modified lignin having covalently attached phosphorous containing groups and methods for preparing such compounds are described herein. The modified lignin described herein provides a renewable source of flame retardant material.

Abstract: Methods to preserve starch present in pulp are provided and also methods to control calcium precipitation and/or scaling in digesters or BOD systems. The methods can be performed as part of a papermaking process. Process water containing pulp can be treated with a chloramine. Process water containing pulp with native starch can receive a double treatment with at least one biocide, such as chloramine, and at least one oxidant, such as sodium hypochlorite. The treatment can be performed in any suitable manner. The treatment can be performed at one or more stages or locations in a papermaking system. A target residual chloramine value or range can be achieved by the treatment. Packaging sheets/boards and other paper products manufactured using the methods provided exhibit superior strength and other desirable characteristics.

Abstract: Modified lignin having covalently attached phosphorous containing groups and methods for preparing such compounds are described herein. The modified lignin described herein provides a renewable source of flame retardant material.

Abstract: Compositions and processes that enhance the brightness and improve color of pulp or paper when applied during different stages of the papermaking process involving optical brighteners are identified. Used in combination with optical brighteners and/or chelants the described agents produce a synergistic effect not previously identified in the paper process.

Abstract: A building material for use in forming exterior surface coverings. According to a preferred embodiment, the building material consists of the combination of a paper material, bonding agent, and water. The building material can either be formed directly upon a substrate, such as a wall or ceiling, or otherwise formed as a sheet of material or molding that can thereafter be affixed to a given surface or substrate. The building materials can be customized to have a specific type of color, shape and texture, and can further be utilized in a wide variety of building applications.

Abstract: This invention relates to paper products and/or substrates suitable for being made and/or converted into wallboard tape; which also may be known as joint tape and/or drywall tape, having a pH of at least 7.0 and containing a plurality of cellulose fibers, a wet strength additive, an alkaline sizing agent, and an anionic promoter, as well as methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: Compositions and processes that preserve and enhance the brightness and improve color of pulp or paper when applied during different stages of the papermaking process are identified. The composition and method maintains and/or enhances brightness, prevent yellowing, and enhances the performance of paper products. Used in combination with optical brighteners and/or chelants the described agents produce a synergistic effect not previously identified in the paper process.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for forming a nonwoven web are described herein. The apparatus includes a mixing partition defining one or more openings therein that permit fluid communication between two fluid flow streams, at least one of which includes a fiber. The apparatus also includes an enclosed region surrounding at least a portion of the mixing partition. The enclosed region is adapted to provide an applied pressure to a fluid flow stream to urge the stream through one or more of the openings in the mixing partition. The apparatus also includes a receiving region designed to receive at least a combined flow stream and form a nonwoven web by collecting fiber from the combined flow stream.

Abstract: A composition for treating paper products comprising protein particulate, colloidal pigment, synthetic latex polymer, and preservative is described, as well as methods and an apparatus using the composition for such treatments, and products obtained thereby. The treated paper products preferably have improved strength, water holdout, and/or ink holdout, amongst other advantages and benefits.

Abstract: A method of decreasing the rate of photoyellowing in paper containing mechanical pulp comprising: applying an aqueous solution containing an effective amount of one or more salts of thiocyanic acid on the surface of a paper sheet in a papermaking process.

Abstract: Provided is a process for the preparation of flame retardant cellulosic product including the steps of adding a soluble salt of silica to viscose, followed by blending and extruding the blended viscose into a spin bath, regenerating the viscose and subjecting the regenerated viscose to a step of glow proofing with polyaluminium compounds to obtain the flame retardant cellulosic product.

Abstract: The present invention imparts fire-retardancy upon cellulosic products utilizing a cost-effective, non-toxic, and reliable process. Unlike previous methods which impart superficial fire-retardant coatings upon finished products, the present process treats the individual cellulosic particles (i.e. fibers, chips etc.) that make up cellulose-based particle products. Treating the individual particles provides fire-retardancy throughout the entire length and width of the product. This full-depth retardancy provides superior protection, especially in catastrophic fires where the surface coat of other products can be compromised.

Abstract: A flame retardant and glow resistant zinc free cellulose product containing silica, modified with polyaluminium ions. In the preparation of product the cellulose solution (viscose) and sodium silicate are blended and regenerated to obtain a polymeric silica in the cellulose structure which is further modified with polyaluminium ions to attach aluminium sites on silica molecules to make the product glow resistant and impart wash fastness as well.

Abstract: A composition for treating paper products comprising protein particulate, colloidal pigment, synthetic latex polymer, and preservative is described, as well as methods and an apparatus using the composition for such treatments, and products obtained thereby. The treated paper products preferably have improved strength, water holdout, and/or ink holdout, amongst other advantages and benefits.

Abstract: An overlay paper is described which comprises a cellulosic non-woven to which a UV stabilizing agent is applied in an amount from 0.001 to 10% by weight, based on the grammage of the non-woven used, a process for producing the same and the use of the same for the production of a laminate.

Abstract: A method for the bleaching and brightness stabilization of lignocellulosic materials is described. The method involves the treatment of lignocellulosic materials, in particular, (a) wood pulps such as thermomechanical pulps (TMP) and chemithermomechanical pulps (CTMP), and (b) papers made from wood pulps, with a water-soluble phosphine or a phosphonium compound preferably containing at least one phosphorus hydroxyalkyl bond/linkage, for example a phosphorus hydroxymethyl bond/linkage (P—CH2OH). One example of such a water-soluble phosphine is the commercially available, tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine (THP), P(CH2OH)3. One example of such a phosphonium compound is the commercially available, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (THPC), [P(CH2OH)4]Cl.

Abstract: A method of preserving cellulosic material that includes the application of an archival composition on the substrate. The aerosol archival product includes an aerosol archival composition and may be disposed in a pressurized container. The aerosol archival composition includes one or more chlorinated fluorinated hydrocarbons, an amino-containing compound and a basic metal compound. The aerosol archival composition may also contain an adhesion promoter.

Abstract: This invention relates to copper complexes that significantly reduce the decay of wood, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin caused by fungi. A process for treating such materials with these copper-containing anti-fungal agents is also disclosed.

Abstract: A substrate that is treated with an archival composition. An aerosol archival product includes the aerosol archival composition and may be disposed in a pressurized container. The aerosol archival composition includes one or more chlorinated fluorinated hydrocarbons, an amino-containing compound and a basic metal compound. The aerosol archival composition may also contain an adhesion promoter.

Abstract: An aerosol archival product that includes an aerosol archival composition disposed in a pressurized container. The aerosol archival composition includes one or more chlorinated fluorinated hydrocarbons, an amino-containing compound and a basic metal compound. The aerosol archival composition may also contain an adhesion promoter.

Abstract: Surface finishing of paper or board by applying an aqueous solution (LW) of a surface-finishing active ingredient (W) to a hydrophilic paper or board sheet (B), in which (W) consists of (W1) polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight {overscore (M)}W of >1500 and optionally at least one further additive which is a further finishing additive and/or a formulation additive, and the paper or board sheet surface-treated with (LW) is fed through snoothing rolls and dried, the surface-finished paper and surface-finished board (BW) produced, surface finishing agent for this purpose, and the use of the surface-finished paper or board as substrate for graphic processing.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a cellulosic paper product (e.g., paper hand towels) exhibiting reduced malodor upon wetting. The process includes introducing a malodor inhibiting agent comprising isoascorbic acid and/or L-ascorbic acid antioxidants into the aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers from which the paper product is made, depositing the aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers onto a sheet-forming fabric to form a wet web and drying the wet web at high temperature in an oxidative environment to form a dried base sheet. The process of the present invention is particularly suited for reducing malodor released from cellulosic paper products made from through-air dried base sheet material.

Abstract: A method for obtaining a chemical composition for de-acidification of cellulose-type material comprises preparing a solution of 30 to 70% carbonated magnesium di-n-propylate in n-propanol and diluting the solution by addition of a hydrofluorocarbon diluent selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane.

Abstract: A fiber cement composite material providing improved rot resistance and durability, the composite material incorporating biocide treated fibrous pulps to resist microorganism attacks. The biocide treated fibers have biocides attached to inner and outer surfaces of individualized fibers to protect the fibers from fungi, bacteria, mold and algae attacks. The biocides selected have strong affinity to cellulose and do not interfere with cement hydration reactions. This invention also discloses the formulation, the method of manufacturing and the final fiber cement products using the biocide treated fibers.

Abstract: A novel gypsum board having antifungal properties is disclosed. The board comprises a gypsum core, front and back paper facings and an antifungal agent effective at inhibiting fungal growth. A preferred antifungal agent is cetyl pyridinium chloride. The antifungal agent can be present in the gypsum core and/or on one or both of the paper facings. In addition, the antifungal agent may be encapsulated in a material that releases the antifungal agent over time and/or upon exposure to moisture. Also disclosed are methods for preparing the aforementioned antifungal gypsum board.

Abstract: The product is presented in the form of a solution and is composed of carbonated magnesium di-n-propylate, n-propanol, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) diluent selected from 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC 134a) and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC 227). The product may be obtained by a procedure which comprises preparing a solution of carbonated magnesium di-n-propylate in n-propanol and diluting said solution by addition of the HFC diluent. The product is suitable for de-acidifying cellulose-type material and preserving objects based on cellulose-type material.

Abstract: Novel diazo derivatives useful for the deacidification of paper material and the process for their preparation comprising three steps starting from an amine and ethyl chlorocarbonate, are described.

Abstract: A novel gypsum board having antifungal properties is disclosed. The board comprises a gypsum core, front and back paper facings and an antifungal agent effective at inhibiting fungal growth. A preferred antifungal agent is cetylpyridinium chloride. The antifungal agent can be present in the gypsum core and/or on one or both of the paper facings. In addition, the antifungal agent may be encapsulated in a material that releases the antifungal agent over time and/or upon exposure to moisture. Also disclosed are methods for preparing the aforementioned antifungal gypsum board.

Abstract: Methods to enhance the brightness and brightness stability of paper and paperboard made with Mechanical Pulp are described and claimed. The method involves applying a Penetrant Compound to paper or paperboard in an amount from about 0.001 percent to about 1 percent by weight. The Penetrant Compound can have one component that is either polyamino polyether methylene phosphonate (PAPEMP) and &agr;-glucoheptonic-&ggr;-lactone (GL); or the Penetrant Compound can have two components, where the first component is selected from the group consisting of PAPEMP and GL and the second component is an inorganic salt; or the Penetrant Compound can have three components where one component is selected from the group consisting of PAPEMP and GL, the second component is selected from the group consisting of 3,5-dimethylperhydrothiadiazine-2-thion and dialkyldithiocarbamates and the third component is an inorganic salt.

Abstract: Pulps or papers, especially chemimechanical or thermomechanical pulps or papers, which still contain lignin, have enhanced resistance to yellowing when they contain an effective stabilizing amount of a hindered amine compound which preferably is a nitroxide, a hydroxylamine or an ammonium salt thereof. This performance is often further enhanced by the presence of one or more coadditives selected from the group consisting of the UV absorbers, the polymeric inhibitors, the nitrones, the fluorescent whitening agents, metal chelating agents, sulfur containing stabilizers, metal salts and diene compounds. Combinations of nitroxides, hydroxylamines or their salts, benzotriazole or benzophenone UV absorbers and a metal chelating agent are particularly effective. Selected derivatives of 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-ol and selected hydroxylamine salts are novel compounds and are surprisingly effective for this purpose.

Abstract: A method for retarding the deterioration rate of acidic paper is disclosed. The method includes placing an acidic paper article in a polymer film enclosure having a reservoir of deacidifying agent. The deacidifying agent migrates over time to the paper article in an amount sufficient to retard the deterioration rate of the paper. The method can further include placing in the polymer film enclosure a carrier material having a second reservoir of deacidifying agent. An article for retarding the deterioration rate of acidic paper is also disclosed. The article includes a polymer film enclosure having a reservoir of deacidifying agent. The polymer film enclosure is capable of enclosing an acidic paper article. The deacidifying agent is capable of migrating over time to the acidic paper article enclosed therein in an amount sufficient to retard the deterioration rate of the paper. The article can further include a carrier material having a reservoir of deacidifying agent.

Abstract: Pulp fibers can be treated with water insoluble chemical additives resulting in a minimal amount of unretained water insoluble chemical additives present after redispersing the treated pulp fibers in the process water. One embodiment of the present invention is a method for preparing chemically treated pulp fiber. A fiber slurry is created comprising process water and pulp fibers. The fiber slurry is transported to a web-forming apparatus of a pulp sheet machine thereby forming a wet fibrous web. The wet fibrous web is dried to a predetermined consistency thereby forming a dried fibrous web. The dried fibrous web is treated with a water insoluble chemical additive thereby forming a chemically treated dried fibrous web containing chemically treated pulp fibers.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a paper core material is described. The paper core material has uses such as in the building industry and has the advantage that no toxic home syndrome is caused in a newly built house or office. The paper core material has a continuous geometric pattern such as rectangular or hexagonal cells and is made by the method of providing a plurality of base paper strips, bending and gluing the base paper strips to form the paper core material having a continuous geometric pattern, treating the paper core material with a charcoal solvent comprising activated carbon dust, wood vinegar and a flame-resisting agent, and drying the paper core material. An alternate method is provided which involves treating the base paper strips with the charcoal solvent, drying the base paper strips, and then bending and gluing the base paper strips to form the paper core material having a continuous geometric pattern.

Abstract: Pulps or papers, especially chemimechanical or thermomechanical pulps or papers, which still contain lignin, have enhanced resistance to yellowing when they contain an effective stabilizing amount of a hindered amine compound which preferably is a nitroxide, a hydroxylamine or an ammonium salt thereof. This performance is often further enhanced by the presence of one or more coadditives selected from the group consisting of the UV absorbers, the polymeric inhibitors, the nitrones, the fluorescent whitening agents, metal chelating agents, sulfur containing stabilizers, metal salts and diene compounds. Combinations of nitroxides, hydroxylamines or their salts, benzotriazole or benzophenone UV absorbers and a metal chelating agent are particularly effective. Selected derivatives of 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-ol and selected hydroxylamine salts are novel compounds and are surprisingly effective for this purpose.

Abstract: Pulps or papers, especially chemimechanical or thermomechanical pulps or papers, which still contain lignin, have enhanced resistance to yellowing when they contain an effective stabilizing amount of a hindered amine compound which preferably is a nitroxide, a hydroxylamine or an ammonium salt thereof. This performance is often further enhanced by the presence of one or more coadditives selected from the group consisting of the UV absorbers, the polymeric inhibitors, the nitrones, the fluorescent whitening agents, metal chelating agents, sulfur containing stabilizers, metal salts and diene compounds. Combinations of nitroxides, hydroxylamines or their salts, benzotriazole or benzophenone UV absorbers and a metal chelating agent are particularly effective. Selected derivatives of 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-ol and selected hydroxylamine salts are novel compounds and are surprisingly effective for this purpose.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the autooxidation of fatty acids in a paper product made from pulp fiber is accomplished by adding to the pulp fiber between about 1 mole/metric ton and about 25 moles/metric ton, preferably between about 2 moles/metric ton and about 10 moles/metric ton of an oxidizing halogen.

Abstract: Lignocellulosic materials such as paper are deacidified by exposure to acoustically agitated submicron alkaline particles which adhere to the materials being treated. The alkaline particles neutralize the acidity of the paper and counteract the effects of acid degradation. The alkaline deacidification process does not employ volatile compounds or liquids and does not damage the paper.

Abstract: Process for making polyamine-epihalohydrin resin products having very low levels of epihalohydrin or epihalohydrin hydrolyzates, particularly useful in papermaking, which includes, amongst other features, producing a polyamine-epihalohydrin polymer in aqueous solution, terminating the reaction by cooling, adjusting the pH of the polyamine-epihalohydrin solution to from about 7.5 to about 11 and concurrently heating the solution to about 35 to about 50.degree. C., and contacting the aqueous solution with selected microorganisms or an enzyme, and deactivating or removing the enzymes or microbes, cooling to about 20.degree. C. and stabilizing the composition by adjusting the pH to about 2.0 to 5.0 by the addition of acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to paper interleavers for sheet metal and, in particular, to a paper interleaver containing catalytically crosslinked polysiloxane capable of withstanding temperatures approaching 200.degree. C. for prolonged periods of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the inhibition of photo-yellowing in paper rich in lignin by treatment of pulp or paper rich in lignin with a compound containing hydroxy functionalities that are capable of forming a ketal with a carbonyl group in an acidic environment. In a preferred embodiment the acidic environment is provided by the presence of an acidic clay or an acidic zeolite.

Abstract: A process to increase the whiteness of paper made from a lignin-containing pulp is disclosed which comprises adding to an aqueous slurry comprising a lignin-containing pulp, in the paper making step, an effective amount of a chelating agent to decrease the content of salts of iron and other heavy metals to 100 ppm or less by weight, based on the dry weight of the pulp, or adding to said aqueous slurry an effective amount of a fluorescent whitening agent, or both a) and b).

Abstract: A porous material such as paper made of cellulose fiber prepared by a preservation method of the present invention can retain excellent folding endurance after being subjected to accelerated aging treatment performed at a high temperature with high humidity. The method for preserving the porous material includes the steps of placing a porous material made of mainly cellulose fiber in an airtight chamber, evacuating the airtight chamber to reduce the pressure, supplying an ammonia gas into the airtight chamber to thereby neutralize an acidic substance present in the porous material, simultaneously permitting the porous material to absorb the ammonia gas, and supplying an ethylene-oxide-containing gas into the airtight chamber to thereby react with an ammonia present on the surface of and inside the porous material, thus producing an alkaline substance principally consisting of triethanolamine and allowing the alkaline substance to attach to the porous material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for protecting lignocellulosic material against yellowing caused by light or heat. The invention further concerns brightness stabilizing compositions intended for treatment of lignocellulosic materials. According to the invention, polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) is used as the brightness stabilizing agent. Preferably PTHF having a molar mass of about 150 to 1500 is used. The invention provides a good stabilization of lignocellulosic pulp and of products containing such pulp, whereby the amount of PTHF required can be extremely small, e.g., 0.05-5% of the weight of the material.

Abstract: A layered material containing a buffer and optionally containing an adsorbent. The material may also include a vapor barrier. The material is used for the preservation of archival documents and objects.A container configured to permit the long term storage of documents without slippage of the documents or resulting deformation may also be made from the material.

Abstract: A method of removing and preventing the build-up deposit-forming microorganisms in a papermachine fluid, the method comprising the step of treating the fluid with an aqueous, the aqueous solution including from about 0.1 to about 35 parts per million of an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymer having a molecular weight of from about 2500 to about 3550 daltons.

Abstract: The invention relates to storage-stable solutions of carbonated magnesium ethylate of the formula Mg(C.sub.2 H.sub.5 O).sub.2 (CO.sub.2).sub.n in ethanol and processes for their preparation, wherein (1) the magnesium content of the solution is 2.5 to 6% by weight, based on the total solution, and the CO.sub.2 content (n) is 1.55 to 1.85, (2) the magnesium content of the solution is 1.5 to 2.5% by weight, based on the total solution, and the CO.sub.2 content (n) being 1.55 to 1.90 or (3) the magnesium content of the solution is less than 1.5% by weight, based on the total solution, and the CO.sub.2 content (n) is 1.55 to 2.2.

Abstract: Acidic papers, books, and other sheets of cellulosic material may be deacidified and so given a prolonged life by bringing the papers, books, or other sheets of cellulosic material to be treated in intimate contact with a source of solid alkali such as calcium carbonate filled paper, at an elevated humidity and under mechanical pressure for a period long enough to produce deacidification; the process differs from other processes in that it is carried out in the solid state without the use of liquid or gaseous reactants.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for deacidification of cellulosic materials such as the pages of books, magazines, newspapers, documents and the like are provided which ensures that substantially the entirety of each page is treated. The method includes placing the materials within a carrier such that the pages are free for exposure to the treating medium. The carrier is submerged in a vat preferably containing a dispersion of treating material including particles of an alkaline metal oxide, hydroxide or salt. The vat includes a support frame which supports the carrier and is slidably mounted on the vat such that the carrier and materials it holds may reciprocate in a generally horizontal direction. The reciprocation of the support frame causes the pages of a book, for example, to fan out, and the treating material in the medium thus comes into contact with each page of the book, magazine or other document.

Abstract: A web of nonwoven fibers and thermoplastic matrix polymer is provided that is capable of yielding improved physical properties for articles molded from the web. Also provided are the aqueous dispersion to produce the web and the dried web as a laminate so that it can be molded into shaped articles. The web in addition to the fibers and thermoplastic matrix polymer has a chemically modified thermoplastic polymer. This material can be added to the web by direct addition to the aqueous dispersion or by presence in a mat binder which is applied to the web. Generally, the amount of the chemically modified thermoplastic material present in the web is in the range of around 0.1 to 20 weight percent of the web. When the chemically coupled thermoplastic polymer is added as a mat binder, it can be accompanied by an electron donating organo coupling agent, a stabilizing agent such as one or more carboxylic acids and/or anhydrides which may be monocarboxylic, polycarboxylic aliphatic or cyclic.