Abstract: A process for improving the dry strength of paper and for improving the effect of optical brighteners in the preparation or coating of paper which includes the step of adding fillers and/or pigments and anionic brighteners to the paper making process the improvement comprising adding to paper making pulp a polypiperidine halide absorbed in a dispersed state on a fine-particle organic or inorganic carrier before the anionic brightener is added.

Abstract: A process for coloring nonwoven webs of fibrous material, particularly air-layed webs, in which solid, water insoluble particulate pigments are introduced and intermixed with the fibers of the web to provide the coloring thereof. An initial formed web of fibrous material has a suspension of insoluble pigment in a liquid applied thereto, is fiberized, and is reformed into a web and bonded with a binding liquid. Alternatively, the pigment may be mixed with the separated fibers after the fibrous material is fiberized and before reforming.

Abstract: A process for producing paper or cardboard which is sized in the pulp with epoxide-amine-polyamide reaction products is disclosed.In this process there are added to the fibre suspension(A) at least one water-soluble, anionic, substantive direct dye and/or optical brightener, followed by(B) at least one water-soluble or water-dispersible salt of an epoxide-amine-polyamide reaction product,whereupon the fibre suspension is further processed into paper or into cardboard.

Abstract: Dyestuff solutions ofCuPc-(3)(SO.sub.3.sup..crclbar. M.sup..sym.).sub.min whichCuPc denotes copper phthalocyanine,m denotes a number from 1.8 to 2.5 andM.sup..sym. denotes a mixture of A.sub.n.sup..sym. and an amine of the formula ##STR1## in which n represents a number 0.8 to 1.5,A.sub.n.sup..sym. represents an alkali metal ion or NH.sub.4 ion,R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or (CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.p -H andR.sub.3 represents --(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.p -H,whereinp denotes an integer from 1 to 6,are suitable for dyeing paper in turquoise-colored shades.

Abstract: A process for the dyeing of paper with granulated dyeing preparations, preferably dissolved in water. For the process granulated dyeing preparations are used which consist of(a) a dye soluble to at least 2% in water at 25.degree. C. and(b) in an amount not greater than 50%, a salt which dissociates in water, the average size of the granules being at least 20 microns.This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 239,360, filed Mar. 29, 1972 and now abandoned, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 60,115, filed July 31, 1970 and now abandoned, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 761,333, filed Sept. 20, 1968 and now abandoned.

Abstract: A method of reducing the number or amount of chemical additives normally incorporated into paper pulp furnish before transferring the latter to the continuous wire mesh of a papermaking machine in the manufacture of paper sheet involves the use of a hydrolyzed proteinaceous foam which does not appreciably affect the degree of sizing of the finished paper sheet. The use of such foam in paper manufacture can render unnecessary the chemical treatment of effluent from the papermaking machine which is normally required to avoid environmental pollution.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formula I, ##STR1## in which X signifies hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, cyano, --COOM, --COOR.sub.1, --CONR.sub.2 R.sub.3, --SO.sub.2 NR.sub.2 R.sub.3, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.1, --SOR.sub.1, --SO.sub.3 R.sub.1 or --SO.sub.3 M,Y signifies hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, cyano, --COOM, --COOR.sub.1, --CONR.sub.2 R.sub.3, --SO.sub.2 NR.sub.2 R.sub.3, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.1, --SOR.sub.1, --SO.sub.3 R.sub.1 or --SO.sub.3 M, with the proviso that X and Y do not simultaneously have a significance selected from hydrogen and C.sub.1-4 alkyl,R signifies an aryl radical, unsubstituted or substituted by up to two substituents selected from C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, chlorine, cyano, --COOM, --COOR.sub.1, --CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5, --SO.sub.2 NR.sub.4 R.sub.5, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.1 and --SO.sub.3 M,R.sub.1 signifies C.sub.1-4 alkyl or phenyl,R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, independently, signify hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl, either R.sub.4 and R.sub.5, independently, signify hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl,Or R.sub.4 and R.sub.

Abstract: Concentrated, liquid preparations of metal-free direct azo dyes, which contain in each instance 1 part by weight of dye, 1 to 8 parts by weight of water, and 0.5 to 5 or preferably 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of an amide are useful for dyeing paper in the stock and for dyeing paper sheet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to brown cigarette paper having reduced gas phase constituents during pyrolysis wherein the paper which has been stained with humic acid or salts thereof is further treated by washing with water in an amount effective to reduce the amount of water-soluble alkali metal salts present in the paper.

Abstract: Symmetrical hexakisazo compounds of the formula ##STR1## and mixtures of such compounds, WHEREINEach X is hydrogen or --SO.sub.3 M,each R.sub.1 is --OH or --NH.sub.2,each R.sub.2 is --OH or --NH.sub.2,each Y is hydrogen, methyl, or --SO.sub.3 M, andEach M, independently, is hydrogen or a non-chromophoric cation,Their production, dye compositions containing them, and their use in the dyeing of cellulosic substrates such as cotton and paper.

Abstract: Aqueous dye solution, useful for dyeing cellulosic and leather substrates, consisting essentially of, by weight:(i) 10% to 25% of at least one dye selected from the group ##STR1## wherein M is a water-solubilizing cation; (II) 5% TO 20% OF UREA; AND(iii) 55% to 85% of water.

Abstract: There is disclosed a stable concentrated liquid preparation of a paper dye of the copper phthalocyanine class, which preparation contains 15 to 50 per cent by weight of the dye of the formulaCuPc [SO.sub.2 NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2 ].sub.2 to 3 [SO.sub.3 H].sub.1 to 2,wherein CuPc denotes copper phthalocyanine, optionally in the form of an alkali salt, especially in the form of the sodium salt, dissolved in 30 to 65 per cent by weight of water, 5 to 15 per cent by weight of N-methylpyrrolidone, 1 to 7 per cent by weight of benzyl alcohol, and 1 to 5 per cent by weight of a lower aliphatic carboxylic acid and the use of this preparation for the dyeing and printing of paper, semi-cardboard and cardboard.

Abstract: A method for eliminating or preventing the brightening effect on materials, particularly fibrous materials such as textiles and paper, of anionic optical brightening agents involving the use of hydrosoluble acid addition salts or quaternary ammonium salts of compounds containing the group of formula: ##STR1## wherein the benzene radical is linked within the group at its m- or p-positions.

Abstract: A process for the dyeing of paper material from an aqueous medium, comprising the use of at least one water-soluble dye of the formula ##STR1## wherein Py represents a pyridyl group of the formula ##STR2## R.sub.1 represents lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, allyl, or benzyl, R.sub.2 represents hydrogen, halogen, methyl or ethyl,R.sub.3 represents hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or phenyl,R.sub.4 represents hydrogen, lower alkyl substituted lower alkyl, or allyl, andA.crclbar. represents an anion.

Abstract: Stabilized dye compositions comprising a dye of the formula ##STR1## OR A SALT THEREOF, WHEREIN EACH Me is copper or nickel,Y is optionally substituted arylcarbamoyl,Z is lower alkyl, orY and Z taken together and with the carbon atoms to which they are joined form a naphthalene or heterocyclic ring,m is 1 to 3, andn is 1 or 2,With the proviso that the sum of m and n is 3 to 5,And, as a stabilizer therefor, an amino ether of the formula ##STR2## or a mixture thereof, WHEREIN R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms or--R.sub.8 --O--R.sub.9).sub.t' OHeach R.sub.2 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms or--R.sub.8 --O--R.sub.9).sub.u' OH,r.sub.4 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms or--R.sub.8 --O--R.sub.9).sub.v' OH,each R.sub.5 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms or--R.sub.8 --O--R.sub.9).sub.w' OH,each R.sub.3, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8 and R.sub.

Abstract: This application covers the use of a cationic starch and a polyacrylamide polymer as a retention aid in the manufacture of paper. The resulting paper containing the additives is characterized by improved retention of pigments.

Abstract: The novel copper phthalocyanine-based compound ##STR1## WHERE N IS AN AVERAGE NUMBER OF 3 TO 4, A IS 0 TO 3 BUT LESS THAN N, AND CPC is copper phthalocyanine, and its acid solutions are blue dyes particularly for paper and have excellent bleedfastness. The compound is prepared by reacting copper phthalocyanine sulfonyl chloride with the cyanoamino compounds formed from the reaction between acrylonitrile and ethylenediamine.

Abstract: Concentrated, liquid preparations of metal-free direct azo dyes which contain in each instance 1 part by weight of dye, 1 to 8 parts by weight of water, and 0.5 to 5 or preferably 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of an amide are useful for dyeing paper in the stock and for dyeing paper sheet.

Abstract: The 4,4'-bis-[2",4"-bis-(diisopropanolamino)-s-triazin-6"-yl-amino]-stilbene-2 ,2'-disulphonic acid, its manufacture as well as its use as optical brightener for natural or synthetic polyamides and especially for paper is disclosed.

Abstract: Phosphorescent materials and solutions suitable for their preparation, the solutions comprising a phosphorescence activator and a soluble condensation product capable of further reaction to form an insoluble condensation product, the latter being one that does not absorb ultraviolet radiation in the absorption range of the activator.

Abstract: New stilbene compounds, a process for their preparation as well as a process for optically brightening organic materials on using said stilbene compounds are disclosed.

Abstract: Solution of a mixture of isomers of naphthylazophenylazonaphthyl dye containing two sulfonate substituents, the solution comprising said dye, water, triethanolamine, lithium base and urea. The dyes have good solubility and substantivity and are useful among other things, for dyeing cellulosic substrates.

Abstract: Disclosed are phthalocyanine dyes of formula ##STR1## IN WHICH Me signifies copper or nickelPc signifies a phthalocyanine radical,The R.sub.1 's, independently, signify a linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic radical, unsubstituted or substituted by chlorine, bromine, alkoxy, cyano, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, benzoyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy or benzoyloxy,The R.sub.2 's, independently, signify a phenyl radical, unsubstituted or substituted by a chlorine or bromine atom or a nitro or cyano group or by up to two substituents selected from methyl, methoxy and ethoxy groups,m signifies 1 or 2, andn signifies 2 or 3,The sum n + m being 3 or 4And mixtures thereof, their production and use particularly in the dyeing of paper and plastics and in the production of surface coating media such as inks and lacquers.

Abstract: Benzofurans, benzothiophenes, indoles, naphthofurans and benzofuranobenzofurans which are substituted by 4-vinylphenyl groups wherein the 2-position of the vinyl is substituted by a monovalent aromatic radical having one to three aromatic rings are optical brightening agents useful for whitening and brightening natural and synthetic fibers, papers, resins and the like. The compounds are conveniently prepared by interacting benzofurans, benzothiophenes, indoles, naphthofurans or benzofuranobenzofurans which are substituted by a p-tolyl group, with an aromatic aldehyde or preferably the anil derivative thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formula I, ##SPC1##in which R.sub.1 signifies hydrogen, fluorine, bromine, chlorine, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy or --SO.sub.3 M,R.sub.2 signifies cyano or --CONR.sub.3 R.sub.4,in which either R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, independently, each signify hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl or C.sub.2-6 hydroxyalkyl,Or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, signify a pyrrolidino, piperidino or morpholino ring, andM signifies hydrogen or a non-chromophoric cation,Their production and use as optical brightening agents, particularly for cellulosic substrates such as paper and cotton.

Abstract: The present invention provides new bis-s-triazinylamino-stilbene-2,2'-disulphonic acids of the formula ##SPC1##And the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, earth metal, ammonium or amine salt thereof.The new compounds are valuable optical brighteners, especially for whitening paper in combination with the surface finishing.

Abstract: A new dye having a turquoise blue color and high water solubility suitable for dyeing cellulose materials such as paper and textile fibers such as cotton, polyamides and polyacrylonitrile having the formula: ##EQU1## WHEREIN P IS 2 OR 3, M IS 1 THROUGH 5, PC is a phthalocyanine radical, X.sup.- is an anion and R is H or lower alkyl of 1 through 4 carbon atoms.The invention further comprises a process for using the new dye on paper, the paper dyed with the new dye and the base intermediate used for preparing the new dye.

Abstract: A polyolefin micro-flake aggregation which is easily micro-flakable from the aggregation into a plurality of irregularly shaped micro-flakes suitable for producing synthetic paper, is manufactured from a solution of 5 - 40% by weight of polyolefin such as polyethylene and polypropylene in a solvent such as hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons in the presence of a surface active compound of at least 0.01% based on the weight of the polyolefin by spraying the solution which is at a temperature of at least 100.degree.C from a closed container into atmosphere through an orifice.A polyolefin synthetic paper is formed from a suspension of the micro-flakes in an organic liquid such as hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons which can swell or partially dissolve the polyolefin.

Abstract: New stilbene derivatives of formula: ##SPC1##In whichR.sub.1 signifies a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a lower alkyl group;R.sub.2 signifies a hydrogen atom; a cycloalkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more lower alkyl groups; or a lower alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by a hydroxyl, lower alkoxy or hydroxysubstituted lower alkoxy group or by a radical of formula (a); ##SPC2##M signifies a hydrogen atom or an equivalent of a colourless cation;n signifies 1 or 2; Alkylene signifies C.sub.1.sub.-8 alkylene;And the rings A and B are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents selected from halogen atoms and lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, cyano and SO.sub.3 M groups;The compound containing at least six SO.sub.3 M groups per molecule, are useful as optical brighteners. They are produced by successive condensation of each of the three amino-containing moieties around the triazine nucleus, as an amine, with a cyanuro halide.

Abstract: Benzofurans, benzothiophenes, indoles, naphthofurans and benzofuranobenzofurans which are substituted by 4-vinyl-phenyl groups wherein the 2-position of the vinyl is substituted by a monovalent aromatic radical having one to three aromatic rings are optical brightening agents useful for whitening and brightening natural and synthetic fibers, papers, resins and the like. The compounds are conveniently prepared by interacting benzofurans, benzothiophenes, indoles, naphthofurans or benzofuranobenzofurans which are substituted by a p-tolyl group, with an aromatic aldehyde or preferably the anil derivative thereof.