Abstract: An improved pigment-coated paper is provided which enables the use of a non-acidic basesheet in the manufacture of a fragrance release paper. The non-acidic basesheet, compared to the conventionally used acidic basesheet, is brighter and less brittle, and therefore imparts improved visual effects and reduces the likelihood of cracking. The clay-based coating composition is mildly alkaline when wet (pH between 7.5 and 8.5) and upon drying on the basesheet, becomes mildly acidic (pH between 6.0 and 7.0). A method of making the improved pigment-coated paper using a non-acidic basesheet in the manufacture of a fragrance release paper is provided, comprising the steps of preparing the basesheet, applying the premixed pigment coating composition using rollers and blade leveling devices, and drying the pigment coating composition. A fragrance sample construction, for use in magazines, catalogs, leaflets, etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous coating composition which comprises an alkali oxidised aqueous gelatinised starch/protein mixture, said composition having a viscosity between 1 and 100 centapoise (cps), and a pH from pH 7.5 to pH 9, particularly compositions wherein said alkali oxidised aqueous gelatinised starch/protein mixture comprises a solids content of from 3% w/w to 50% w/w, and processes in the preparation of the same and also processes employing the said composition in the preparation of paper or fiberboard.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous coating composition which comprises an alkali oxidised aqueous gelatinised starch/protein mixture, said composition having a viscosity between 1 and 100 centapoise (cps), and a pH from pH 7.5 to pH 9, particularly compositions wherein said alkali oxidised aqueous gelatinised starch/protein mixture comprises a solids content of from 3% w/w to 50% w/w, and processes in the preparation of the same and also processes employing the said composition in the preparation of paper or fibreboard.

Abstract: A paper sizing and coating composition suitable for use in food packaging that is effective over a range of atmospheric conditions. The composition includes a starch and a water-soluble protein having a bloom strength of at least about 150. The composition can be applied over a paper substrate to improved oil and grease resistance.

Abstract: Aqueous paper coating compositions containing at least one of a clay, a starch, casein, a resin, and a wax; and wherein the composition contains from about 0.

Abstract: Cellulosic fiber composites and methods for preparing cellulosic fiber composites are provided. The cellulosic fiber composites comprise cellulosic material and a resin binder. The resin binder comprises protein hydrolysates and a synthetic resin. The synthetic resin can be phenolic resin, isocyanate resin, or combinations thereof. The protein hydrolysates provide a composite with a reduced amount of petrochemicals. The composite contains an amount of resin binder sufficient to bind the cellulosic material. The composite can also contain a silicone, silane, or combination thereof. The method employs a low moisture-content mat that does not require drying prior to pressing. Additional methods can be employed to produce finished cellulosic fiber composite articles.

Abstract: A highly densifiable wood pulp product is disclosed. In one embodiment, the densifiable product includes fibers having low coarseness, preferably having a fiber coarseness less than about 22 mg/100 m, and a densifying agent. In another embodiment, the densifiable product further includes fibers having coarseness greater than about 22 mg/100 m. Juvenile wood fibers are the preferred source of fibers having low coarseness. A densified pulp product formed by compacting a fibrous composite that includes fibers having a fiber coarseness less than about 22 mg/100 m, a densifying agent, and optionally, fibers having coarseness greater than about 22 mg/100 m is also disclosed. The pulp products can be advantageously incorporated into absorbent articles and can optionally further include superabsorbent material. Methods for forming the densifiable and densified fibrous products are also disclosed.

Abstract: Pulp is treated with a hemicellulase, e.g. a xylanase such as that derived from Bacillus sp. SD902, prior to being chemically modified. This results in excellent cellulose derivatives that could not be obtained by any conventional methods. Specifically, the cellulose derivatives produced by this method have improved filterability and increased water-solubility. In addition, according to this method, the formation of microgel is minimized, and the distribution of the substituents in the cellulose derivatives through the intramolecular substitution in the method is made more uniform.

Abstract: The present invention provides thermophilic alkaliphilic bacteria and thermostable alkaline polypeptides obtainable therefrom. It also provides a method for producing polypeptides according to the invention, nucleic acids encoding such polypeptides and compositions comprising such polypeptides. It also relates to the use of enzymes obtainable from these novel organisms in the detergent industry, the paper and pulp industry and the textile industry.

Abstract: A highly densifiable wood pulp product is disclosed. In one embodiment, the densifiable product includes fibers having low coarseness, preferably having a fiber coarseness less than about 22 mg/100 m, and a densifying agent. In another embodiment, the densifiable product further includes fibers having coarseness greater than about 22 mg/100 m. Juvenile wood fibers are the preferred source of fibers having low coarseness. A densified pulp product formed by compacting a fibrous composite that includes fibers having a fiber coarseness less than about 22 mg/100 m, a densifying agent, and optionally, fibers having coarseness greater than about 22 mg/100 m is also disclosed. The pulp products can be advantageously incorporated into absorbent articles and can optionally further include superabsorbent material. Methods for forming the densifiable and densified fibrous products are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer having a molecular weight of at least 800, containing at least 5 aldehyde groups per molecule and at least 1 carboxyl group per molecule, the ratio of aldehyde groups to carboxyl groups being higher than 0.75:1, as a wet strength additive. The invention also discloses novel cationic derivatives thereof.

Abstract: There is provided a photocatalytic pulp composition having the antibacterial, bad smell degrading and harmful substance oxidatively degrading effects in various wide uses such as a filter material, a packaging material, a building material. A photocatalytic pulp composition is effectively used in the air treatment, the water treatment and the soil treatment and improves the photocatalytic activity effect itself.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting the depositions of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. Whey proteins are added to the pulp or applied to deposition prone surfaces of a papermaking system.

Abstract: A size composition for the surface sizing of paper, board or other suchlike. The size composition comprises a size fraction which comprises a water-soluble, principal component made up of, for example, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, glucomannan, protein, or mixtures thereof, and a pigment fraction formed by mixing together a mineral material, which in the main comprises talc particles and/or other phyllosilicate particles, and a binder such as a synthetic polymer, latex and/or other corresponding binder. The size composition is prepared by mixing together the said size fraction and pigment fraction.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting the depositions of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. A combination of a protein and a cationic polymer is added to the pulp or applied to deposition prone surfaces of a papermaking system.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting the depositions of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. A combination of a protein and a cationic polymer is added to the pulp or applied to deposition prone surfaces of a papermaking system.

Abstract: A one-pass, non-tolerance dependent method for preparing paper size emulsions comprising an aqueous emulsion of a substituted cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride, a colloidal stabilizer, and a surfactant wherein the emulsion after one-pass through a dispersion system has an average particle size of less than 2 microns.

Abstract: A highly densifiable wood pulp product is disclosed. In one embodiment, the densifiable product includes fibers having low coarseness, preferably having a fiber coarseness less than about 22 mg/100 m, and a densifying agent. In another embodiment, the densifiable product further includes fibers having coarseness greater than about 22 mg/100 m. Juvenile wood fibers are the preferred source of fibers having low coarseness. A densified pulp product formed by compacting a fibrous composite that includes fibers having a fiber coarseness less than about 22 mg/100 m, a densifying agent, and optionally, fibers having coarseness greater than about 22 mg/100 m is also disclosed. The pulp products can be advantageously incorporated into absorbent articles and can optionally further include superabsorbent material. Methods for forming the densifiable and densified fibrous products are also disclosed.

Abstract: Paper and cardboard containing starch and protein fractions of flour having improved strength, stiffness and surface properties, wherein the starch and protein fractions are subjected to a degradation with ammonium persulfate, amylase, an acid, protease or a combination thereof before being introduced to the paper or cardboard. After the starch and protein fractions have been degraded, they can be added to the paper fiber matrix or used as a sizing or glue.

Abstract: Composition and methods for inhibiting the deposition of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. The methods add to the pulp or to the deposition prone surface of the papermaking system a composition comprising a polyvinyl alcohol having 50 to 100% hydrolysis, a high molecular weight gelatin having a molecular weight of about 100,000 or higher, and a cationic polymer.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting the deposition of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. Albumins, globulins or blends thereof and spray-dried animal blood cells are added to the pulp or sprayed onto deposition prone surfaces of a papermaking system suffering from organic contaminants.

Abstract: A water-dispersible sheet and a cigarette using the sheet are disclosed. The sheet comprises a water-resolvable base paper made from fibrous raw materials and a water-dispersible coating layer containing water-soluble polymer and an alkaline compound. The sheet is also produced through an impregnation treatment for a water-resolvable base paper with a coating mixture containing water-soluble polymer and an alkaline compound, wherein said water-resolvable base paper is made from a mixture of water-dispersible fibers and fibrous carboxymethyl cellulose acid or fibrous carboxyethyl cellulose acid. The gas-permeability of the water-dispersible sheet is controlled by the water-dispersible coating layer or the impregnation treatment.

Abstract: The invention describes a method for dispersion of cellulose based fibers in water. The raw material, which particularly may be recycled paper, is first wetted with water. By a combination of addition of hydrocolloid which binds water, and strong kneading at high solid content, the mixture is transformed into a modulable paste. The high viscosity of the paste effectively conveys the shear forces of the kneading machine to make the fibers flexible and tear them apart. When the kneading is terminated, the hydrocolloid prevents the fibers from reassociation into fiber bundles.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibiting the deposition of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. The methods add to the pulp or to the deposition prone surface of the papermaking system a composition comprising a polyvinyl alcohol having 50 to 100% hydrolysis and a high molecular weight gelatin having a molecular weight of about 100,000 or higher.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting the deposition of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. Albumins, globulins or blends thereof and spray-dried animal blood cells are added to the pulp or sprayed onto deposition prone surfaces of a papermaking system suffering from organic contaminants.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibiting the deposition of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. The methods add to the pulp or to the deposition prone surface of the papermaking system a composition comprising a polyvinyl alcohol having 50 to 100% hydrolysis, a high molecular weight gelatin having a molecular weight of about 100,000 or higher, and a cationic polymer.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: The bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens and Xanthomonas campestris are useful in reducing the pitch content of pulps and pulpwoods used in making cellulosic products. Such bacteria are also useful in reducing the color staining by staining fungi of structural wood by inoculating the structural wood or log sources from which it is to be cut.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: The invention includes a method that provides a low cost aqueous solution of solubilized collagen by the steps of: (a) providing an aqueous ground slurry of insoluble collagen and adjusting the pH of said slurry to obtain activity for a proteolytic enzyme added in Step b; (b) adding said proteolytic enzyme to said pH adjusted slurry; (c) reacting the slurry and enzyme of Step b and/or recycled insoluble collagen and enzyme from Step e at a temperature, T, and for a time, t, effective for forming a solution increased in solubilized collagen; (d) adding additional water and insoluble collagen to said solution of Step c and mixing; (e) separating at least some of the solution of Step d containing solubilized collagen from insoluble collagen, whereby at least a portion of said insoluble collagen and proteolytic enzyme is recycled to Step c, and the separated solution containing solubilized collagen is withdrawn as product; an alternative embodiment provides for the direct production of solubilized collagen withou

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: The specification discloses an unorthodox system for manufacturing strong, light-weight and weather-resistant cellulosic composite materials from discarded paper and newsprint, and papermill sludge--and from an unlimited variety of particulated fibrous lignocellulosics--without the use of an extrinsic adhesive. Both the matrix-forming resin and the fiber-substrate, which comprise the entire composite, are spontaneously created in situ at ambient conditions by the ammoniation of a mixture of a protein-containing material and a particulated cellulosic. Heating an article shaped from such a mixture to above 175.degree. C. polymerizes the resin and bonds the fiber-substrate into a cellulosic composite product. Also disclosed is a process for manufacturing reinforced and laminated composites as well as a composition which simplifies the production of both cellulosic composites and all-biomass thermosetting resins.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibiting the deposition of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. The methods add to the pulp or to the deposition prone surface of the papermaking system a composition comprising a polyvinyl alcohol having 50 to 100% hydrolysis and a high molecular weight gelatin having a molecular weight of about 100,000 or higher.

Abstract: A paper coating composition is provided having a clay-containing pigment system, a binder, a polysaccharide thickener, and at least 0.005% to 2%, based upon the weight of the polymer, of a blocking agent that serves to prevent more than 25% of the polysaccharide thickener from being adsorbed onto the clay pigment surface. This coating is applied to raw paper for producing a high quality paper with smooth and substantially free of indentations surfaces for good ink to paper transfer.

Abstract: A biodegradable nonwoven fabric and molded vessel suitable to throwaway use such as in domestic, wrapping, agricultural, gardening, and civil engineering field. A web of cellulose-based fibers are combined with chitosan salt and an interfiber binder comprising a combination of chitosan salt and fine cellulose, or by combined use of the interfiber binder and physical combining techniques. They are naturally decomposed by microorganisms in the soil and can dissolve the polution problems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a size composition which shows an excellent sizing effect in neutral to weakly acidic papermaking.Alkanol tertiary amine and fortified rosin, incorporated in the size composition of the present invention, even when prepared as dispersions using a dispersant, are extremely poor in sizing performance in the neutral pH range, whereas the size composition obtained by mixing these components in a ratio according to the present invention and dispersing them using a surfactant specified by the present invention offers an excellent sizing in the neutral to weakly acidic pH range.

Abstract: The method for avoiding pitch troubles includes the treatment with an acylglycerol lipase. The method of the present invention overcomes the pitch troubles in a process for the production of mechanical pulp and/or mechanical pulp-containing paper.

Abstract: A receiving material for ink-jet printing includes a polyolefin coated base paper and an ink receiving layer applied on the front face thereof, and the receiving layer contains a mixture of gelatin and starch.

Abstract: A method for making papers which comprises: using a paper sizing agent comprising as an effective component an .alpha.-hydroxycarboxylic acid having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, ##STR2## and R.sup.2 is hydrogen atom, or an alkyl or alkenyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or a salt thereof. The paper sizing agent used in the method can exhibit the excellent sizing effect in paper making under the condition of the wide pH-range from pH 3 to pH 9, and has an excellent storage stability. Further the method is excellent in workability and high in industrial value.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for sizing in the production of paper, cardboard, paperboard and other cellulose-containing materials with and without filling materials and/or pigments by natural or synthetic sizing agents under neutral to weakly basic pH conditions without the use of aluminum salts, wherein sizing is carried out with a combination of natural or synthetic sizing agents with a cationic dicyandiamide resin.

Abstract: An invert size for the engine and tub sizing of paper. It contains an aqueous dispersion of a fortified, unfortified, hydrogenated, or disproportionated and optionally esterified rosin or mixture of such rosins and of a dispersant that contains digested casein or an emulsifier of the general formula[R--(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.n --O--A].sub.x.sup.- M.sup.X+(I)wherein R is an alkylphenyl, alkyl, or alkenyl group or a cycloalkyl group with condensed rings, A is a group with the formula --CH.sub.2 COO or --SO.sub.3, M.sup.x+ is a cation, x is 1 or 2, and n is a number such that approximately 21 to 76% of the molecular weight of the anion is in the --OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 group. To allow sizing control, the dispersant also contains cationic starch.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a paper or cardboard product and to a product manufactured by the method. According to the invention, a cellulase enzyme is added to the product during manufacturing, said enzyme causing the product to decompose when exposed to moisture. The enzyme can be introduced into the product in connection with surface sizing, pigment coating or calendering, or it can be added in the form of a solution which is separately applied to the product in the dry end region of the paper or cardboard machine. Experiments have shown that a product manufactured as taught by the invention can be provided with a plastic coating without risk of destroying the enzyme. Cardboard produced by the method of the invention can be used in the manufacture of packages for liquids, of packing boxes or disposable containers, the cellulase enzyme serving to promote decomposition of the products after they have been brought as waste to dumping areas.

Abstract: Process for using papermaking techniques for preparing a sheet material with improved on-machine retention, sheet material thus obtained and its application, notably in the field of printing and writing, packaging and coverings.The invention relates to a process for using papermaking techniques to make a sheet material.This material copmrises, in addition to the fibres, an organic binder, a non-binding mineral filler and a flocculant, as well as various conventional additives, this process being characterized by the fact that the mineral filler and the binder are flocculated beforehand before being incorporated into the fibre suspension.The material thus prepared has enhanced mineral filler retention and physical properties and can be used as printing and writing medium, covering medium, packaging medium or for obtaining complexes for industrial or foodstuffs use.

Abstract: A paper having an absolute dry moisture content (moisture content in absolute dry condition) of 1.8-7% is subjected to a heat calendering treatment at a temperature of 150.degree.-300.degree. C. under a linear pressure of 40 kg/cm or above to provide a paper which has both satisfactory surface smoothness and rigidity (stiffness) and is suited for use as a photographic support.