Abstract: Disclosed are methods of increasing the surface hydrophobicity of the surface of a cellulosic article involving applying a solution of amylose-fatty ammonium salt inclusion complex in water to the article and then optionally applying an alkaline solution to the article to neutralize said amylose fatty ammonium salt inclusion complex to form an insoluble amylose fatty amine inclusion complex. Also disclosed are cellulosic articles produced by the methods.

Abstract: Formulations and methods for papermaking use one or more volatile debonders, where the volatile debonder forms a solution or an emulsion with water in a paper precursor, and where the volatile debonder is evaporable from the paper precursor before the paper precursor is completely dried to form a paper sheet during papermaking. Two volatile debonders having different boiling points can be used, where they are miscible in water and in each other, and where one volatile debonder has a higher molecular weight and the other volatile debonder has a lower boiling point.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of paper, paperboard and cardboard, wherein spray starch is applied to a moving, wet sheet of material and which is characterized in that the starch is sprayed onto the wet sheet of material in powder form by means of one or more nozzle(s).

Abstract: The present invention provides for high thermal conductivity paper that comprises a host matrix (10), and high thermal conductivity materials (12) added to a surface of the host matrix in a specific pattern (12). The high thermal conductivity materials are comprised of one or more of nanofillers, diamond like coatings directly on the host matrix, and diamond like coatings on the nanofillers. In particular embodiments the specific pattern comprises one or more of a grid, edging, banding centering and combinations thereof and the high thermal conductivity materials cover 15-55% of the surface of the host matrix. Multiple surfaces, including sub layers my have patterning.

Abstract: This invention brings a new aspect in papermaking by spraying hydrophobic chemical directly onto the paper surface in the dryer section of the paper machine, as a two-step process where high solids starch is sprayed on the paper to seal the sheet's surface and thereafter the hydrophobic chemical is sprayed on the paper surface. This invention is a completely new method of hydrophobic sizing, spraying a small amount of a suitable hydrophobic chemical on the moving web in the dryer section, instead of adding hydrophobic chemical in the wet-end of the paper machine, or mixing it in with starch at a size press. This invention reduces the amount of hydrophobic chemical used compared to any of the other processes, it simplifies wet-end chemistry, and it puts the hydrophobic sizing exactly where it is needed, on the paper's surface, which in many cases will be a single side of the paper.

Abstract: A pumped refrigerant cooling system for use in a row of equipment racks is configured to contain electronic equipment. The system includes a communication network and a refrigerant distribution unit in fluid communication with a chilled refrigerant supply and a heated refrigerant return. A cooling module is in fluid communication with the refrigerant distribution unit by a supply line and a return line. The cooling module is coupled to the communication network, and includes an evaporator and a fan configured to direct air over the evaporator. A sensor package is configured to monitor temperature and pressure reference points provided in the pumped refrigerant cooling system and the equipment racks. The system further includes a controller forming part of the cooling module and coupled to the communication network and the sensor package.

Abstract: A preparation of high strength paper by incorporating a polymeric film into the paper web during the paper making process is provided. The polymeric film is either a cold water soluble film or hot water soluble film or water insoluble hydrophilic film or non soluble non hydrophilic film or a combination of cold+hot+cold water soluble film or cold+hot water soluble film or cold+non soluble hydrophilic film or cold+non soluble hydrophilic film+cold water soluble film or cold+non soluble non hydrophilic film or cold+non soluble non hydrophilic film+cold water soluble film or slit strips of one or many of these combinations woven or intertwined offline and incorporated into the paper during the paper making process. Zone coating or discreet printing or zone extrusion striping or formation of hot water soluble film on preformed cold water soluble film which is then inserted into paper during the paper making process, thus using cold water soluble film as a carrier is also provided.

Abstract: An exemplary condenser microphone includes a printed circuit board, a first via, a second via, and a number of through holes. The first and second vias are formed in the printed circuit board for the signal line and ground line respectively passing therethrough. The through holes are formed surrounding the first and second vias. Inner walls of the through holes are coated with a conductive material.

Abstract: Fluorescent nanoparticles such as quantum dots are incorporated into paper and other web products such as plastics to achieve cross-direction and machine direction on-line detection of selected components during manufacture. Fluorescent nanoparticles markers are added in known proportions into product formulations along with the selected components of interest. By detecting the fluorescence from the nanoparticles, the selected components can be traced at various stages of production. In addition, by using different fluorescent nanoparticles that emit radiation at different wavelengths, data from individual materials or layers in a composite structure can be ascertained simultaneously with a single sensor. The technique is particularly suited for monitoring expensive and difficult-to-measure components that may be present only in trace quantities.

Abstract: An improved paper and the process of making an improved paper web are disclosed. The improved paper is characterized as having two regions; one is a network (or open grid) region and the other is a plurality of domes. At least a portion of either region of the paper web contains a bonding material that penetrates at least partially through the paper's thickness.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a cellulosic paper product (e.g., paper hand towels) exhibiting reduced malodor upon wetting. The process comprises forming an aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers, depositing the aqueous suspension onto a sheet-forming fabric to form a wet web, drying the web at high temperature in an oxidative environment and topically applying a liquid glycol composition comprising a glycol compound selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, glycerol and mixtures thereof to the web having a dry weight consistency of at least about 80%. The process of the present invention is particularly suited for reducing malodor released from cellulosic paper products made from through-air dried base sheet material.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a cellulosic paper product is provided. The process comprises forming an aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers; depositing the aqueous suspension onto a sheet-forming fabric to form a wet web; dewatering the wet web to form a partially dewatered web; topically applying a glycol compound selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, glycerol and mixtures thereof to the partially dewatered web; and drying said wet web. The present invention also provides for cellulosic paper products exhibiting a reduced malodor upon wetting.

Abstract: The invention relates to a starch and fiber mixture, and the application of a starch and fiber mixture in paper manufacturing. The starch and fiber mixture is applied to a paper mat, after the paper mat is formed. The starch and fiber mixture may be obtained by the selective filtering of white water from the papermaking process, particularly by use of a pressure screen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of texturized microcrystalline cellulose from raw pulp material. This texturized microcrystalline cellulose can then be used for surface treatment of paper or paper board. Additionally, the texturized microcrystalline cellulose may be used as a starting material for production of paper or paper board.

Abstract: The invention relates to a starch and fiber mixture, and the application of a starch and fiber mixture in paper manufacturing. The starch and fiber mixture is applied to a paper mat, after the paper mat is formed. The starch and fiber mixture may be obtained by the selective filtering of white water from the papermaking process, particularly by use of a pressure screen.

Abstract: A method for applying a foam composition to a paper web is provided. Specifically, a paper web is initially formed from papermaking fibers and is carried by a first moving papermaking surface so that a first surface of the paper web faces the first moving papermaking surface (e.g., fabric). A foam composition is deposited onto a second moving papermaking surface (e.g., fabric). The second moving papermaking surface is positioned adjacent to the first moving papermaking surface so that a second surface of the paper web faces the second moving papermaking surface. As a result, at least a portion of the foam composition is transferred to the paper web.

Abstract: A process for forming an abrasion resistant, decorative sheet which comprises forming a web of cellulosic fibers on a papermaking machine and applying a coating suspension including an abrasion-resistant grit and decorative inclusion particles to the upper surface of the web on the papermaking machine.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of applying a chemical treating agent to a cellulose web. The invention is further a means of increasing the bulk, absorbency and pattern definition in an embossed cellulose web without losing softness in the web. Finally, the invention includes products produced by the foregoing processes.

Abstract: An acoustical panel has a fiberboard which includes a fibrous filler and a base binder, and a nodulated overlay disposed on the fiberboard, wherein the overlay includes nodulated wool and an overlay binder and has a substantially smooth surface. In one embodiment of the present invention, the fibrous filler is mineral wool and the base binder is granular starch. In an another embodiment of the present invention, the nodulated wool is nodulated mineral wool and the overlay binder is cooked pearl cornstarch. A method of making the durable acoustical panel in accordance with the present invention is disclosed. Initially, an aqueous slurry comprising a fibrous filler, a base binder, and water is formed. The aqueous slurry is deposited onto a moving foraminous support wire to form an aqueous felt, thereby creating a continuous process. Thereafter, the aqueous felt is de-watered to form a wet felt.

Abstract: Modified polysaccharides (such as starches, gums, chitosans, celluloses, alginates, sugars, etc.), which are commonly used in the paper industry as strengthening agents, surface sizes, coating binders, emulsifiers and adhesives, can be combined into a single molecule with modified aliphatic hydrocarbons, which are commonly utilized, in conjunction with cationic moieties, as softeners, debonders, lubricants and sizing agents. The resulting molecule is a modified polysaccharide having an aliphatic moiety which can provide several potential benefits, depending on the specific combination employed, including: (a) strength aids that do not impart stiffness; (b) softeners that do not reduce strength; (c) wet strength with improved wet/dry strength ratio; (d) debonders with reduced linting and sloughing; (e) strength aids with controlled absorbency; and (f) surface sizing agents with improved tactile properties.

Abstract: A process for forming an abrasion resistant, printable sheet which comprises forming a web of cellulosic fibers on a papermaking machine and applying a slurry including an abrasion-resistant grit to the upper surface of the web on the papermaking machine and then applying a secondary web of cellulosic fibers over the grit to form a three layer overlay product.

Abstract: Modified polysaccharides (such as starches, gums, chitosans, celluloses, alginates, sugars, etc.), which are commonly used in the paper industry as strengthening agents, surface sizes, coating binders, emulsifiers and adhesives, can be combined into a single molecule with amphiphilic hydrocarbons (e.g. surface active agents) which are commonly utilized in the paper industry to control absorbency, improve softness, enhance surface feel and function as dispersants. The resulting molecule is a modified polysaccharide having surface active moieties which can provide several potential benefits, depending on the specific combination employed, including: (a) strength aids that do not impart stiffness; (b) softeners that do not reduce strength; (c) wet strength with improved wet/dry strength ratio; (d) debonders with reduced linting and sloughing; (e) strength aids with controlled absorbency; and (f) surface sizing agents with improved tactile properties.

Abstract: Backwater cycle of and process for circulating water in a paper machine having a wet zone. The backwater cycle includes at least one application device arranged to apply a composition containing at least one of pigment and filler onto a fiber web in the wet zone, a first backwater cycle that supplies a stock inlet with backwater removed from the production process upstream, relative to a web travel direction, of the at least one application device, and a second backwater cycle that accepts a remainder of the backwater. The process includes extracting backwater from the fiber web, and feeding backwater, which is not charged with the at least one of pigments and fillers, to a stock inlet.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of applying a chemical treating agent to a cellulose web. The invention is further a means of increasing the bulk, absorbency and pattern definition in an embossed cellulose web without losing softness in the web. Finally, the invention includes products produced by the foregoing processes.

Abstract: A gravure paper and a method of manufacturing gravure paper having a maximal roughness depth of approximately 1.40 &mgr;m. The method utilizes a paper machine including a forming system, a first press section, and a drying section, and includes producing a stock suspension including a stock having a freeness of greater than or equal to approximately 50 ml CSF, forming an unfinished fibrous material web from the stock suspension, and applying at least one of a pigment and a filler slurry to the unfinished fibrous material web between a beginning of the forming system and a position at which the dry matter content of the unfinished fibrous material web is approximately ≦90%.

Abstract: A papermaking machine and a method for applying an application medium to a moving web of material in a papermaking machine. The papermaking machine has a wet end section, a press section, a drying section and an applying device for applying a medium to a moving web of material. The wet end section includes a twin wire area having a first wire and a second wire wherein the web of material is formed and positioned between the two wires and separated from the two wires before moving to the press section. At least one wet end section applying device is positioned on one side of at least one of the first wire or the second wire within the twin wire area and facing away from the web of material positioned on the wires. The press section of the papermaking machine has a first press element and at least one press section applying device facing directly toward the web of material.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for producing a fibrous material web from a fibrous material suspension. The process includes conveying the fibrous material suspension between two endless, continuously revolving porous belts positioned to form a twin wire zone, removing a part of the suspension fluid through the porous belts so that the fibrous material web begins forming between the belts, guiding the two endless belts and the material web being formed therebetween through uniform pressure drainage elements, and removing additional suspension fluid with the uniform pressure drainage elements. The process further includes supplying an additive though at least one of the belts to the forming fibrous material web in a vicinity of the uniform pressure drainage, and one of controlling and regulating the supply of the additive to provide a particular ratio between quality levels of a top side of the forming web and a web underside of the forming web.

Abstract: A method for making a nonwoven reinforcing may for vinyl floor coverings is described. A base mat is formed from a mixture of glass fibers and polymeric binder fibers and/or powder, follows by treatment with a second water-based polymeric binder composition. The mat has been found to be highly satisfactory as a substrate for compressible vinyl floor covering.

Abstract: A method for making a nonwoven reinforcing may for vinyl floor coverings is described. A base mat is formed from a mixture of glass fibers and polymeric binder fibers and/or powder, follows by treatment with a second water-based polymeric binder composition. The mat has been found to be highly satisfactory as a substrate for compressible vinyl floor covering.

Abstract: Device and process for applying a liquid or paste-like medium onto a traveling material web of paper or cardboard. In the application of the application medium, the material web is transferred from a first twin wire zone to a second twin wire zone. The second twin wire zone may be more finely meshed than the first twin wire zone to reduce marking and impressions in the web. The application medium may be applied and drained from one side or from both sides of the first twin wire zone or second twin wire zone. Application devices and draining (suction) devices for the application medium may oppose each other across a twin wire zone, or be arranged in alternating fashion along a twin wire zone.

Abstract: A process for improving gravure and offset printability of coated and uncoated printing papers by increasing filler share in the paper on the top and bottom sides or in the outer layers of the paper web by using a retention agent, and providing the outerlayers of the fiber bearing liquid forming the paper web with additional retention agent before or during sheet formation on or between the wires of the paper making machine.

Abstract: A system for applying a suspension of uncooked starch particles in water to a web on a forming wire includes a source of such suspension and a source of dilution water, an application die positioned transversely of the web with an internal manifold opening into a downwardly opening die slot through which material flows from the manifold as a falling curtain onto the web. The die has a plurality of transversely spaced inlets leading into the manifold to define transversely spaced application zones across the web. The suspended starch and water are applied from the manifolds through control valves into the inlets by means of which the consistency or concentration of the starch may be varied at positions representing the application zones across the web to provide a desired strength profile to the dried web.

Abstract: A method of applying a starch sizing to a forming web on a paper machine, such as in the form of a curtain on a fourdrinier machine, employs a suspension of uncooked particulate starch and water which is applied, as a suspension, to the inlet of a downwardly opening die positioned over the forming web and applied at a consistency of between about 2 to 10% onto the surface of the web as a free falling curtain, the impact velocity of which is controlled to a rate sufficiently low to prevent distortion of the web on impact. Improved drainage is achieved by heating the suspension to a temperature less than about 150.degree., to prevent the cooking of the starched particles. The curtain may be applied to the web at fourdrinier table consistencies as low as about 2% and still obtain starch retention rates of about 80%.

Abstract: A method for producing watermarks or patterns in paper and cardboard which can be performed during a process for manufacturing the paper or cardboard comprises the following steps: preparing a primary fibrous mix of cotton cellulose based on alpha-cellulose with the addition of sulfate cellulose; preparing a secondary fibrous mix which has substantially the same composition as the primary mix but to which an adapted dye and/or pigment has been added; spreading the resulting fluid mix on a moving formation board of a paper manufacturing plant, so as to obtain a layer of very moist cellulose pulp designed to be dehumidified and stabilized along a preset path on the formation table; applying a jet or jets of secondary fibrous mix to the relatively fluid layer of primary fibrous mix so as to produce a recess as a consequence of the lateral displacement, with respect to each jet, occurring in the layer of primary fibrous mix, the recess being filled with the secondary fibrous mix by the respective jet; and amalgam

Abstract: A process for forming an abrasion resistant sheet which comprises forming a web of cellulosic fibers on a papermaking machine and applying a slurry including an abrasion-resistant grit to the upper surface of the web on the papermaking machine using a slot orifice coating head applicator, said grit being uniformly distributed on said surface of said fibrous cellulosic overlay sheet at a coat weight of about 2 to 40 pounds per 3000 square feet.

Abstract: A method of applying a starch sizing to a forming web on a paper machine, such as in the form of a curtain on a fourdrinier machine, employs a suspension of uncooked particulate starch and water which is applied, as a suspension, to the inlet of a downwardly opening die positioned over the forming web and applied at a consistency of between about 2 to 10% onto the surface of the web as a free falling curtain, the impact velocity of which is controlled to a rate sufficiently low to prevent distortion of the web on impact. Improved drainage is achieved by heating the suspension to a temperature less than about 150.degree., to prevent the cooking of the starched particles. The curtain may be applied to the web at fourdrinier table consistencies as low as about 2% and still obtain starch retention rates of about 80%.

Abstract: A new thermoformable nonwoven fibrous mat having properties particularly suited for a facer on insulating gypsum board and the method of making the mat is disclosed. The mat can also be pleated or thermoformed to produce filter elements and preforms for producing a wide range of fiber reinforced composites and laminates. The mat preferably contains a major portion of glass fibers and a minor portion of polyester fibers bound together with up to 35 wt. percent of a cross linked vinyl chloride acrylate copolymer binder having a glass transition temperature as high as about 113 degrees F., preferably about 97 degrees F. The binder also optionally contains about 3-10 wt. percent stearylated melamine.

Abstract: Tissue paper having an enhanced bulk softness through incorporation of an effective amount of a polyhydroxy compound is disclosed. Preferably, from about 0.1% to about 2.0% of the polyhydroxy compound, on a dry fiber weight basis. These nonionic compounds have high rates of retention when applied to wet tissue paper webs according to the process described herein. Tissue embodiments of the present invention may further comprise a quantity of strength additive, such as starch, to increase paper strength.

Abstract: A method of applying a film of coating material to a web of pulp product on a machine and an apparatus for carrying out the method. The coating material is directed in a fluid against the surface of a web of pulp product in the form of a high volume low velocity atomized spray mist from high volume low pressure spray nozzles with an exiting air pressure from the spray nozzle of 1 to 10 psig, preferably 3 to 6 psig.

Abstract: A urea-formaldehyde resin modified with a water-insoluble anionic phosphate ester is used as binder in the preparation of glass fiber mats using a hydroxyethyl cellulose white water system. High tear strength glass fiber mats can be produced in a hydroxyethyl cellulose white water system using such a binder.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement in the art of making saturating kraft paper. In particular, the invention relates to a method for reducing the amount of fuzz generated by the production and use of saturating kraft paper. The improved saturating kraft paper is particularly useful in the production of laminated materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement in the art of making high pressure laminated materials utilizing saturating kraft paper. In particular, the invention relates to a method for making laminated materials which greatly reduces pressure mark defects caused by fuzz balls.

Abstract: This invention relates to the treatment of substrates with fluidized material in repetitive patterns during application cycles. The treatment patterns made with this invention can be altered by changing machine operating parameters. The patterns of fluidized material are applied to substrates using an applicator drum. Machined in the outer surface of the applicator drum are a plurality of slots filled with deformable material. The deformable material extends to a position in each slot just short of the outside diameter of the applicator drum, leaving a cavity in each slot. These cavities are filled with slurry in a slurry applicator unit. A compression drum mounted within the hollow interior of the applicator drum uses compression tips to displace the deformable material in each slot in succession beyond the periphery of applicator drum at a position adjacent to the substrate, causing the slurry in the cavity to be applied to the substrate.

Abstract: An improved papermaking process has been developed to enhance the properties of the resultant paper or paper-type products. The process involves adding a polyvinyl alcohol/vinylamine copolymer along with a crosslinking agent at the dry end step of a conventional papermaking process. Improvements in the properties of the resultant paper products are observed, especially at low levels of copolymer addition.

Abstract: An apparatus for wet-end coating a web on a papermachine before the web enters the dryer comprises a first endless porous fabric passing around a first couch roll equipped with a suction box. As the web passes around the first couch roll, a first applicator applies a coating on a top side of the web with the first suction box drawing some of the coating color onto and through the web so as to coat the top side thereof. The web is then conveyed on a second endless porous fabric which passes around a second couch roll equipped with a second suction box. In this case, the top side of the web is in contact with the second porous fabric so that a second applicator may apply coating color on the bottom side of the web with the second suction box, as above, drawing some of the coating color onto and through the wet web for coating the bottom side thereof. The applicators may be rolls which contact the web.

Abstract: Sizing compounds particularly cyclic acid anhydrides are used as such or in solution with non-aqueous protic and/or protic solvents to mass-size cellulose products such as paper, board, cardboard and similar cellulose and synthetic fibre products. In a preferred embodiment, the cyclic acid anhydrides or their solutions in inert solvents are introduced into the wet-end of the paper machine at a position where the paper slurry is in a highly turbulent state so that they are immediately homogenized and reacted with the cellulose stock.

Abstract: A nonwoven filtration fabric is composed of a plurality of fiber components of dissimilar denier and length which are evenly intermingled and bonded together in a sheet, including a first fiber component of staple polyester fibers of high denier and a textile length, a second fiber component of staple polyester fibers of low denier and shorter length than the first fiber component, a third fiber component of wood pulp fibers of shorter length than the first fiber components, and a suitable binder. The fabric is formed by a wet laid process in which the dissimilar fiber components are evenly mixed and distributed in a homogeneous slurry. A filter media made of the fabric has a high tensile strength, even pore size and distribution, low pressure drop, and is suitable for macrofiltration applications, such as filtering milk.

Abstract: A process for making a soft, strong cellulosic sheet weighing from about 2 to about 15 pounds per 2880 sq. ft., comprising selectively treating a face surface of a cellulosic fibrous web with a dilute aqueous solution of a chemical debonding agent in an amount effective to soften a surface zone of the web proximate the treated face surface, whereby a composite strong zone/soft surface zone structure results, with the soft surface zone thereof including the treated face surface and being from about 10 to about 40% of the total thickness of the web, and with the strong zone being effectively untreated by the agent. The cellulosic sheet made by this process is characterized by a strong inner surface zone of from about 50 to about 90% of the total thickness of the sheet, and a soft and pleasing-to-the-touch outer surface zone comprising the remainder of the thickness of the sheet.

Abstract: A method of applying a liquid composition to a moving fibrous web including forming a moving wet-laid fibrous web, partially draining the web and then applying a liquid composition by causing it to flow along a curved surface adjacent the web and in the direction of movement thereof, a foraminous material moving at the same speed and in the same direction of movement of the web being interposed between the surface and the web so that the material is applied to the web through said foraminous material.

Abstract: Paper sheet or board is externally sized by applying to the surface thereof a rosin-based sizing agent in the form of a foam in the production of which the sizing agent itself acts as a foaming agent. After the foam has been applied to the surface of the paper sheet or board, at least a major proportion of the applied foam is mechanically broken down to provide a substantially uniform distribution of the sizing agent over the surface.