Abstract: A layer of particulate material is formed by forming a foamed dispersion of a particulate material, supplying the foamed dispersion to a predetermined zone of a plane through which a foraminous element is moving, applying a vacuum to said plane across the zone on the other side of the foraminous element, so as to drain foam and form a particulate layer thereon, removing any free air from the drained foam, and continuously recycling the resulting foam for re-use in forming the foamed particulate dispersion. An apparatus is provided for carrying out the process.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating of old printed papers includes a recycling conduit for the thickening waters of a long fiber fraction upstream of the fractionation apparatus to the pulping and pre-purification apparatus, and a reservoir for the recovery of thickening waters of a short fiber fraction and of thickening/washing waters of the long fiber fraction. This reservoir is fed with clean water for starting the installation and is connected with a second reservoir such that overflow from the first reservoir empties into the second reservoir.

Abstract: This device, preferably formed as a dual paper machine, has according to a preferred embodiment two endless screens, mainly a lower screen (21) and an upper screen (22). The lower screen (21), on which is formed a paper web, and the upper screen (22) are moved together in the lower part of a dehydration cylinder (25) arranged in the upper screen. Both screens (21,22) are unrolled from the rising lower quadrant of said cylinder (25) and are laid on the upper part of the support cylinder (26) arranged in the lower screen (21). The bandage of the dehydration cylinder (25) has hollows which absorb water from the screens along their arcs of contact with the cylinder and which project the water towards the inside of the loop formed by the screens of the cylinder. In the feed direction of the screens and downstream of the support cylinder (26), there is arranged a receiving container (36) for the projected water.

Abstract: The invention comprises a broke pulping system including a pulper tank and a reel stand located above the pulper tank. The reel stand further comprises apparatus for cradling a reel of paper on a mandrel for rotation about a horizontal axis, and apparatus for braking in order to control the rotation. The reel stand further includes a hold and the braking apparatus cooperates with the mandrel so as to cause the reel to rotate, unwind and fall through the opening into the pulper tank when the brake is released after the reel is slit across its width direction. When the brake is applied, the reel will stop rotating. The broke pulping system of the invention will preferably include an enclosure apparatus for preventing people or other objects from accidentally falling through the opening in the reel stand.

Abstract: White water at a high speed of current occurs in the region of a forming roll in a paper machine running at a high speed. The white water is caught in a white water trough which is provided with deflection vanes and is carried substantially at the initial speed by means of a duct (1) out of the ground plan of the paper machine to a stilling tower (2) standing adjacent to the paper machine, to feed the inner wall of a screen wall (3) of a screen cage, which wall is arranged in the stilling tower. The wall (3) is curved and has openings (4) for the white water to pass through. They are designed to peel off in layers the film of white water which is sent along the wall (3) and to deflect the jets of white water passing through the openings (4) radially outwards to the wall (3) against an outer wall (5) of the stilling tower (2), where the actual deceleration of the current takes place in several individual jets.

Abstract: An apparatus for affecting a web drained on a wire, comprising a lower wire which runs as an endless loop; disposed transverse members which supporting the lower wire, disposed at a distance from each other; an upper wire which runs as an endless loop and presses the web formed on the lower wire in the area between the supporting members. Inside the upper wire loop there is disposed a dewatering shoe which is in contact with the upper wire, and a roll which together with the dewatering shoe form a flow channel for leading upwards the water pressed out.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for the manufacture of a non-woven fibrous web such as paper from a dispersion of fibers in a foamed liquid in which fiber furnished in a foamed liquid comprising a solution of surfactant in water is discharged from a headbox into the nip of a twin forming wire prior to its passage over a forming roll. The water-surfactant solution is drained from the web and recycled as a foamed liquid containing about 65% air in the form of bubbles of from about 20 to about 200 microns in diameter. The foamed liquid is directed into a mix tank wherein a slurry containing fiber at 20% to 55% solids is added and mixed. The mixture is pumped to the headbox and into the nip of the forming wires.

Abstract: In order to produce a reduction in the content of suspended matter in the surplus white water in a twin-wire machine with a curved forming zone, an outer saveall for collecting white water thrown outwardly from the curved forming zone is divided up into at least two separate saveall compartments arranged after each other in the direction of travel of the wires. The white water that is caught in the separate saveall compartments is removed as separate fractions for reuse.

Abstract: Apparatus for supplying deaerated stock to a processing machine incorporates an enclosed receiver and an open receiver open to the atmosphere. Stock deaerated by vacuum in the enclosed receiver flows to the processing machine, preferably via the open receiver. Some of such stock spills over a weir associated with the open receiver to maintain a constant-level pond in such receiver. Such constant-level pond minimizes stock pressure fluctuations at the machine. The apparatus may be provided with devices for controlling the level of stock in the conduit leading from the enclosed receiver and for passing stock from the enclosed receiver to the conduit in a predictable flow pattern to minimize generation of pulsations at the entry to the conduit. The stock spilling over the weir in the open receiver is recycled. During a temporary shutdown of the processing machine, the system may be maintained in operation with continuous recirculation of stock through the receivers to facilitate rapid restarting of the machine.

Abstract: In the production of multi-ply paper in a twin-wire former of the kind in which the wires define a curved forming zone, preferably a former of roll type with a smooth-faced forming roll, a substantially improved layer purity is produced in that the discharges from a first and at least succeeding portion of the curved forming zone are collected separately as different fractions. The first fraction collected nearest the multilayer headbox is returned in a first separate circuit to be used for diluting a first high consistency pulp to a first stock of headbox consistency, from which stock a first layer is to be formed directly on the outer wire in relation to the curved forming zone. At least a portion of a second fraction collected at a greater distance from the multilayer headbox is returned in a second separate circuit to be used for diluting a second high consistency pulp to a second stock of headbox consistency, from which a second layer is to be formed superimposed on the first layer.

Abstract: A method and mechamism of removing an edge of a paper web formed on a traveling foraminous wire from stock issuing from the slice of a headbox including a blade positioned parallel to the machine direction and located to separate the edge from the flow of stock issuing from the slice opening before it engages the traveling wire and collecting the edge material separated and conveying it away so that the material can be used.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for the manufacture of a non-woven fibrous web, such as paper, from a dispersion of fibers in a foamed liquid. In a preferred embodiment, a solution of surfactant in water is initially discharged from a headbox into the nip of a twin forming wire prior to its passage over a curvilinear path defined by a forming roll. The water-surfactant solution is caused repeatedly to pass through the outer one of the twin forming wires until there is created, and stored in a silo, a foamed liquid containing about 65% air in the form of bubbles of from about 20 to about 200 microns in diameter. The foamed liquid is directed from the silo into a mix tank wherein a slurry containing fibers at 20% to 55% solids is added and mixed. The mixture is pumped to the headbox and into the nip of the forming wires. The outer wire retains the fibers while passing and again foaming the liquid for return to the silo and the mix tank for addition of fibers and return to the headbox.

Abstract: Apparatus for supplying deaerated stock to a processing machine incorporates an enclosed first receiver and a second receiver open to the atmosphere. Stock deaerated by vacuum in the first receiver flows to the second receiver. Some of such stock spills over a weir associated with the second receiver to maintain a constant-level pond in such receiver. Stock is supplied to the machine from such constant-level pond, so that the pond minimizes stock pressure fluctuations at the machine. The stock spilling over the weir is recycled to the first receiver. During a temporary shutdown of the processing machine, the system may be maintained in operation with continuous recirculation of stock through the receivers to facilitate rapid restarting of the machine. Because there is no need for a pond of stock in the enclosed receiver, such receiver may be compact. The system may be installed in a preexisting mill and space within a preexisting vessel may be used for the second receiver.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns the wire end section of a paper making machine. The wire belt is an endless loop and the pulp suspension is supplied by one or more head boxes. The head box has an upstream and a downstream flow guide wall defining a pulp outlet opening between them. The downstream guide wall has a convexly curved slide shoe which cooperates with the passing wire belt to define a web-forming zone. At the other side of the wire belt, upstream of the outlet opening, another convexly curved wire support surface is defined for leading the wire belt into the web-forming zone. Both of the convexly curved surfaces are displaceable transversely to the direction of pulp flow from the head box. The radius of curvature of the slide shoe is greater at the outlet opening and smaller away from the outlet opening. The radius of curvature of the cooperating supporting surface on the other side of the belt is smaller than the mean radius of curvature of the slide shoe.

Abstract: An installation for charging a multi-ply headbox, wherein the mixing pumps of the stock infeed systems for the stock which is diluted with water, i.e. the stock slurries, are driven by a single drive motor by means of a common shaft. Additionally, a pressure differential-regulation device is provided for the fine tuning or coordination of the pressures of the stock suspensions in the headbox. Signals are inputted by means of pressure feelers or sensors to the pressure differential-regulation device. As a function of the deviations from a set or reference value there are activated regulation valves which are arranged in bypass lines shunting the mixing pumps. The bypass lines or conduits flow communicate with sieve water containers connected with the suction side of the mixing pumps. Through these measures there is avoided mechanical damage to the headbox, particularly to the partition walls arranged internally thereof.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a fibrous web between a pair of forming wires. The apparatus includes an imperforate rotatable roll and a pair of liquid permeable forming wires which meet about a portion of the surface of the rotatable roll. Means are provided for delivering a liquid suspension of fibers between the forming wires as the wires are being received about a portion of the rotatable roll. The specific improvement of the present invention is centered around an arcuate imperforate roof conforming to the periphery of the rotatable roll along a limited part of the portion in which the twin wires are forming the sheet, with injection means for injecting pressurized air along the surface of the roof to form an air film therealong. Collector means are provided at the end of the forming portion for collecting liquid expelled from the forming wires during their travel along the portion of the roll.

Abstract: Waste water effluent from online production machinery and/or clean-off water from shut-down machinery is deposited in a settling tank in which the solids settle out. Water, relatively clear of the solids, is returned to the production plant. A slurry containing a high concentration of these solids is, depending on the percentage of solids, either returned to the production machinery via a slurry tank or returned to the settling tank for further concentration. The degree of concentration of solids in the slurry tank is carefully controlled in order to permit the addition of these otherwise wasted solids to the virgin asbestos-cement slurry in the various production machineries. This addition of the otherwise wasted solids is carefully monitored at each of the production machinery installations in order to provide proper quality control of the product produced thereby.

Abstract: Paper trim, removed from a freshly made paper web by a slitter, is drawn by a subatmospheric pressure through a duct into a separating tank in which a suction is induced by a fan, the movement of the paper trim being killed by the circulation of pulp into this vessel from a mixing tank to which the slurry is delivered by a pipe from the bottom of the vessel. The pipe terminates in means forming a liquid seal and the solvent for the slurry is sprayed into the vessel to scrub the gas before it reaches the fan.

Abstract: A fibrous web is continuously formed between inner and outer endless foraminous forming belts between which stock slurry is fed from a headbox, the belts being held in tension as they wrap a first convexly curved forming run surface from which the outer belt is separated immediately following the forming run, the inner belt carrying the wet web then running over a second convexly curved surface from the offrunning side of which the inner belt is then separated and a porous pickoff belt is pressed by a substantial convex area of an imperforate pickup roll against the wet web on the inner belt, the inner belt being guided to diverge from the pickoff belt commencing at the off-running end of the convex area of contact of the pickup roll and the wet web being forced to adhere to the pickoff belt by the vacuum action of the imperforate surface of the pickup roll. By multiplication of the apparatus a multiply web can be formed.

Abstract: A curved deflector for intercepting high velocity sprays of liquids thrown from a moving member has holes formed in the portion of the deflector remote from the member for permitting substantially all liquid collected by the deflector to pass through the holes and in so doing be substantially slowed in velocity, thereby substantially eliminating aeration from splashing and considerably reducing noise.

Abstract: The discharge pipes of a plurality of stock pumps, each supplying a separate concentrated stock slurry, are connected with a pipe containing comparatively dilute stock, commonly called "white water", discharged under pressure from a single fan pump on a single white water silo to supply separate slurries to separate chambers of a multi-ply web forming machine. The stock pumps have smaller capacities and pressure heads compared with a fan pump, thereby providing increased efficiency at required capacity with the minimum of equipment.

Abstract: A bin-like arrangement with a mesh near its bottom collects dust from near the doctor blade of a Yankee cylinder in a paper making machine; a trough-like arrangement having a sloping bottom at the lower end of the bin receives the dust, and a plurality of horizontal air jets are provided at different heights at different points along the trough to entrain and remove the accumulated dust, preferably through a suction outlet. The system greatly reduces the dust released to the adjacent environment, without interfering with normal doctor blade operation, and without interfering with normal handling of the separated paper.

Abstract: A device in a paper manufacturing machine is described for removal of maculature collecting underneath the paper web on rupture of the paper comprising a cloth alternatively stretched beneath the machine and removable at one end thereof by a wind up roller to remove and discharge the maculature from the machine and stretchable beneath the machine by wires connected to the other end of the cloth and to driving means.

Abstract: An improved method for the manufacture of wood fiberboard according to the wet system with a closed white water system includes the steps of drying the incoming lignocellulose containing material, prior to the dilution step, to a dryness, or solid consistency, which is higher than the dryness of the wet lap or sheet before final drying to produce the fiberboard product. Formaldehyde is added to the resulting white water which is homogenized to atomize occurring precipitations through efficient agitation and dispersion prior to being recirculated for use for diluting the incoming fiber material. Thus, there is obtained an efficient closed white water system which results in a reduction of environmentally harmful discharge of polluted water as well as the production of fiberboard with enhanced appearance.

Abstract: A whitewater system is provided for handling at high velocity the large quantities of water that are circulated in the high speed forming of pulp using a wire and forming wheel. Use of a centrifugal collector to transfer water from within a forming loop at velocities approaching that of wire speed permits the water to be partially deaerated automatically, so that return as white water to the pulping system is facilitated.