Abstract: A method and an apparatus for dividing and uniting flows of high-consistency fibre suspensions. To prevent clogging of the distributor the fibre suspension is caused to flow into a space unitting the inlet and the outlet flows, where a turbulent flow extending to the valves regulating the discharge flow is created. The distributor includes a vortex chamber provided with an inlet and outlets and with regulating valves connected to the outlets and disposed at a short distance from the outlets. According to a preferred embodiment of the the invention, a rotor provided with vanes is disposed in the vortex chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating, e.g., washing or filtering, fiber suspensions having a consistency of 8-20%, the apparatus including at least on rotatable filtering surface, an arrangement for feeding the suspension to a treatment region of the apparatus, and an arrangement for discharging the suspension from the treatment region, the feeding arrangement including at least one pressure chamber for fluidizing the suspension, at least one inlet duct for introducing the suspension to the chamber, and at least one feed duct for transferring the suspension from the pressure chamber to the treatment region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for discharging a disc filter. The method and apparatus are excellent for handling fiber suspensions in the pulp and paper industry. In earlier known means, the filter cake thickened on the filter surfaces of the disc filter is detached by means of water or compressed-air jets and the cake allowed to freely fall to an axial chute disposed below the shaft level of the filter, wherefrom the pulp most usually is transferred by means of a screw conveyor. The pulp, however, easily clogs the inlet opening of the chute, whereby pulp material accumulates in the space between the discs with harmful consequences.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming on the outside of a permeable, rotatable drum by feeding a pulp slurry through a mat forming and pressing zone, followed by a mat washing zone. In the mat washing zone, the mat is washed with liquid from the first source and then washed with liquid from a second source.A Washing baffle has a first portion extending from its upstream end partially along the outside surface of the drum and slightly spaced from the outside surface of the drum. This first portion is followed by a second portion extending partially along the outside surface of the drum and spaced further from the outside surface of the drum than the first portion. A valve is provided for controlling the velocity of liquid through a slot into a circumferential space separating the washing baffle from the drum.

Abstract: An apparatus for washing cellulose, wherein the cellulose is conducted through between a rotary drum and a stationary shell encircling it, in the form of a layer supported by the permeable mantle surface of the drum. The principle of operation of the apparatus is: conducting washing liquid through the shell, through compartments located under the mantle surface of the drum and serving as washing liquid collectors, and through a valve system composed of a rotary part associated with the drum and a stationary part placed thereagainst, several times through the cellulose layer so that when the apparatus is operating the washing liquid at the same time moves in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the drum, stepwise, through the apparatus.

Abstract: An active attenuation system is provided for attenuating the pressure pulses in a liquid flowing in a pipe. The system includes an actuator for introducing nulling pressure pulses into the pipeline having the same frequency, but phase reversed to provide opposite amplitude of the pressure pulses to be attenuated. A plurality of pressure sensors are disposed in the pipe to sense the pressure pulses to be attenuated and these sensors are connected to a pressure transducer amplifier system which, in turn, is electrically connected to a control monitor which adaptively models the responses and continuously adjusts its output to a power amplifier which, in turn, signals the actuator to produce nulling pulses at the desired frequency and amplitude to attenuate the pressure pulses at a desired location, i.e. headbox or pipeline termination, in the liquid flowing through the pipe.

Abstract: Fibrous stock suspension preparation systems include moving parts that generate a vibration impulse flow in the outlet from the preparation system. A counter-vibration impulse generator is connected to the outlet pipe and includes a correcting impulse recorder also connected to the outlet pipe for sensing the vibrations of the flow therepast and for sending a signal to the counter-vibration generator to control the amplitude and/or the frequency of the counter-vibration generator. A further impulse recorder between the stock suspension preparation system and the first mentioned impulse recorder is also connected to the outlet pipe for providing a stock transit time correction signal for correcting the signal of the first mentioned impulse recorder.

Abstract: A sorter for paper pulp suspension including a rotationally symmetrical wire cage and a rotor supporting a plurality of vanes for rotating about the interior of the cage for moving suspension through the wire cage, the vanes being non-uniformly spaced. An annular pulp chamber surrounds the screen for collecting the pulp. A suspension outlet at the bottom of the pulp chamber receives the pulp from the pulp chamber. The pulp chamber extends axially beyond the lower end of the wire cage. An annular damping chamber surrounds the lower end of the pulp chamber and flow from the pulp chamber to the pulp outlet is past the damping chamber. The damping chamber develops a pool of the suspension in it. A pressurized gas cushion above the pool of suspension in the damping chamber controls the level thereof and damps the motion of the pulp in the pulp chamber.

Abstract: A small deaeration tank which may be either at atmospheric pressure on under low pressure or vacuum and a system of operating this tank which allows pulp which has been treated with oxygen to be deaerated before being washed. A closed tank would allow steam or oxygen to be recovered. Preferably it would be the same diameter as an oxygen reactor so that it could be placed on top of the reactor and be supported by the reactor. It would have no moving parts, so there would be no need for motors to be mounted on or near the tank. The deaerator is a small open tank having an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and a tangential swirl inducing inlet pipe. The locations and sizes of these pipes provide optimum deaeration. The swirl inducing fluid is the filtrate from the washer after the oxygen bleach.

Abstract: In a hydrocyclone plant for separating a fiber pulp suspension into a light phase and a heavy phase, comprising at least two hydrocyclones (1, 2) connected in series, there is provided a device (20) arranged both for degassing a first stream of separated heavy phase coming from one of said hydrocyclones (1) and a second stream of liquid supplied to dilute the first stream, and for mixing said two streams before they are supplied to the other one of said hydrocyclones (2).

Abstract: Apparatus to reduce pressure pulsations in a pipe line. The apparatus comprises a central pipe to be connected to the pipe line. There is a resilient liner within the central pipe and an intermediate chamber is substantially concentric with the central pipe and open at each end. An opening in the central pipe is closed by the liner. Pressure variations in the central pipe are thus communicated to the intermediate chamber, which is attached to the central pipe. There is an outer chamber, closed at each end and substantially concentric with the intermediate chamber, and able to maintain a selected pressure.

Abstract: A mechanism and method for continuously washing wood pulp fibers including a looped traveling foraminous wire, a plurality of stock chambers above the wire arranged sequentially in the direction of wire travel to provide a sequence of baths submerging the wire, pumps beneath each of the baths removing water drained through the wire and pumping the water back into the next upstream bath, means feeding stock into the first bath, and means measuring the level of stock in the first bath and supplying fresh water to the last bath as a function of the level, and pressing the stock between a roll and the looped wire in the last bath and removing the stock from the roll as it is carried upwardly out of the bath.

Abstract: A paper stock diffuser system employing a plurality of spaced, generally V-shaped projections having adjoining shear surfaces diverging away from one another.

Abstract: A device for attenuating pressure pulses through fluids, in particular for continuous paper web producing machines, which comprises a tubular element having an inner body formed from a resilient material and an outer body formed from a rigid material, between which bodies an annular compensating chamber is provided which contains a pressurized fluid whose pressure can be varied automatically according to variations occurring in the pressure level of the fluid being conveyed, which result in said inner body of a resilient material undergoing deformation.A multilayered structure may be provided for the inner resilient body. The insertion of the attenuating device is accomplished in line with the feed conduit of the aqueous suspension to the intake tank.

Abstract: A mechanism for processing paper stock to be supplied to a papermaking machine with a filter having a plurality of axially spaced disks on a horizontal axis with a receiving chamber for receiving stock distributed over an elongate area along which the filter disks are distributed, a flow distributor having a broad delivery channel connected to feed stock to the filter receiving chamber and a broad main flow channel in communication with the delivery channel and a receiving passage at one end with a plurality of baffles in the main flow channel having a main wall portion defining flow passed therebetween and an entry wall portion extending in the direction of flow in the main channel so as to cause the flow to reverse directions, with the main flow channel being tapered from the entry end to the opposite end.

Abstract: A means for degassing paper pulp stock, comprising an elongated horizontal cylindrical tank, a distribution pipe parallel to the tank and wherefrom departs a plurality of consecutive jet tubes for introducing pulp stock into the tank close to one end of the tank, an exit tube located close to the opposite end of the tank and towards which the pulp stock flows on the bottom of the tank, members to maintain the pulp stock level constant in the tank, an additional exit tube for returning to circulation the excess pulp stock that has entered the tank, and members for producing a vacuum in the tank. The distribution pipe and the flow therewithin are directed in opposition to the flow within the tank. The cross section area of the flow diminishes towards that end of the tank where the jet tubes are located, the diminishing flow cross section area extending at least over the region of one jet tube.

Abstract: A diffusion washer and/or thickener assembly is provided that is greatly simplified. A number of withdrawal screens and fluid introducing structures are provided supported by spider arms which comprise conduits for introduction of liquid into and withdrawal of liquid from an elongated upright hollow vessel in which the assembly is disposed. The conduit means, with attached screen structures, is reciprocated up and down by a single linear actuator located preferably above the vessel and within the cross-sectional area thereof so that the wall of the vessel need not be penetrated by the conduits. The screens and fluid introducing structures remain stationary with respect to each other during reciprocation. A number of wiper blades, which may be operated by a single linear actuator, are provided at the top of the vessel for moving upwardly flowing pulp into withdrawal conduits surrounding the vessel periphery.

Abstract: A paper machine screening apparatus generally includes a centrifugal pump member mounted for rotation about the axis of a tubular screen plate. A delivery passageway extends concentrically about the pump impeller for receiving pumped stock flow and includes an annular axially extending passage formed between a ribbed hub surface of the pump and the screen. Flow through the screen is passed from the screening apparatus to headboxes. Downstream of the annular passage is an end cavity for receiving particles unable to pass through the screen holes which are washed into the end cavity by the axial flow through the annular passage. The ribbings on the hub surface serve to agitate the stock flow to raise pressure forces tending to force flow out through the screen holes.

Abstract: Apparatus for attenuating low frequency pressure variations in a stock suspension being fed to a paper machine. The apparatus includes a pressurized overflow chamber having an inlet which delivers a stock suspension therein and an outlet for discharging stock from the chamber. A first control means controls the pressure applied to the suspension in the overflow chamber. The chamber communicates with a sump which receives the overflow from the overflow chamber. A sensing means senses the stock pressure in the inlet conduit and a second sensing means senses the level of stock in the sump. A high pass filter receives a signal from the first sensing means and a low pass filter receives a signal from the second sensing means. A summing amplifier receives the output of the high and low pass filters. A control means receives the output of the summing amplifier and is connected to the overflow means to control operation of an overflow valve in response to the output of the summing amplifier.

Abstract: A mechanism to be used in the generation and maintenance of a surfactant foam having fibers distributed therethrough with the foam to be used in the formation of a fibrous web by being deposited on a porous forming surface and particularly a unit for dispersing and mixing fluids provided with a flow path including an upstream conduit and a downstream conduit and a housing therebetween defining a dispersing and mixing chamber with a plug therein providing venturi chambers, and in one form having a washboard corrugated path on the upstream side wherein the foam is provided with controlled surfactant and air and in the zones of reduced pressure caused by the venturi shape expansion, the fibers are distributed and the air is distributed throughout the surfactant in a uniform manner.

Abstract: A diffusion washer and/or thickener assembly is provided that is greatly simplified. A number of withdrawal screens and fluid introducing structures are provided supported by spider arms which comprise conduits for introduction of liquid into and withdrawal of liquid from an elongated upright hollow vessel in which the assembly is disposed. The conduit means, with attached screen structures, is reciprocated up and down by a single linear actuator located preferably above the vessel and within the cross-sectional area thereof so that the wall of the vessel need not be penetrated by the conduits. The screens and fluid introducing structures remain stationary with respect to each other during reciprocation. A number of wiper blades, which may be operated by a single linear actuator, are provided at the top of the vessel for moving upwardly flowing pulp into withdrawal conduits surrounding the vessel periphery.

Abstract: Apparatus for washing cellulose pulp including a drum with a filtering member on its outer shell and stationary housings encircling the drum. A pressurized washing liquid is applied against the cellulose pulp which is in the form of a fiber web upon the filtering member and compartments affixed within the drum receive a suspension liquid displaced from the washing liquid. Pure washing liquid introduced against the rotation of the drum is applied against the fiber web forcing suspension liquid to pass through the filter and into compartments under the housing. A valve combines the suspension liquid flow from the compartments and conducts the flow to a supply connector at the next-to-last housing taken in the direction of rotation of the drum. This displaced suspension liquid displaces liquid from the pulp web with flow resistances encountered by the washing liquid between different housings causing pressure differential between washing liquids in different housings.

Abstract: An insert type attenuator arranged to function as a broad-band frequency rejection filter for pulsations in a liquid in a conduit, such as a liquid stock suspension being fed via a pipe line to a paper making headbox, which includes a housing, a conduit positioned within the housing, and a flexible diaphragm having a pair of substantially horizontal spaced runs positioned in the conduit, with means for flowing the stock suspension through the conduit, and means for introducing pressurized gas into and bleeding gas from the housing and the space between the diaphragm runs. Valve means operate intermittently in response to gross outward deflection of one or both of the runs, caused by long-term liquid pressure decreases and/or gradual increases of gas pressure build-up, to vent gas from between the runs and from the housing, and thus to maintain adequate matching of the pressures of the gas cushion and of the liquid.

Abstract: The paper-making stock is fed continuously to a tank with two chambers separated by a partition having an opening for passage of stock from the first to the second chamber, evacuation means being provided for maintaining equally low gas pressures in the two chambers. A stock consumer is connected to a stock outlet of the first chamber, and stock from an outlet of the second chamber is returned to the tank via a recycle line. Means for sensing the stock level in the first chamber are provided to control valve means in the recycle line, whereby said stock level is maintained constant.

Abstract: A substantially air-tight vat completely encloses the rotatable cylinder. The pulp slurry fed into the vat is compacted to form a mat of high consistency. The differential pressure across the circumferential wall of the rotatable cylinder washes the mat with liquid contained in the wash chamber. The mat is removed from the cylindrical wall of the rotatable cylinder to provide a low consistency pulp slurry.

Abstract: The stock slurry pulsing rotary foils in a cylindrical paper making machine screen comprise sets which are shorter than the screen and respectively extend from opposite ends of the screen and have their inner end portions alternating in circumferentially spaced but axially overlapping relation. Thereby, the frequency of the hydraulic pulses transmitted directly to the accepts outlet is increased, but the total amplitude of the foil pulses transmitted to the outlet pipe is reduced, and this is accomplished without significant change in horsepower for driving the foil means, as compared with an arrangement of half the total number of foils wherein each foil extends throughout the effective length of the screen.

Abstract: Apparatus for damping pressure and consistency perturbations occurring in the pulp suspension flow to the headbox of a paper making machine including an enclosed damping tank defining therewithin a space for a volume of air and a space for the pulp suspension such that the pulp suspension and the air volume have direct interfacing contact. Longitudinally extending distribution and collecting header means are disposed within the tank for conducting the flow of pulp suspension into and out of the tank, respectively. Each of the distribution and collecting header means define a flow passage for the pulp suspension, which passages fluidly communicate with the pulp suspension space within the damping tank through an elongate, continuous slit. Damping or attenuation of the pressure perturbations in the pulp stock flow is achieved through the interaction of the surface of the pulp stock with the air volume while the consistency perturbations are damped through the action of a plural delay principle.

Abstract: An apparatus for damping pressure fluctuations in the pulp-suspension flow of a paper machine includes a pipe system which delivers the pulp suspension to a headbox and in the interior of which the pulp suspension flows toward the headbox. A portion of the pipe system is surrounded by a gas, such as air, which is under pressure and which is situated within a suitable enclosure. This portion of the pipe system is formed at least in part by an elastic wall structure, the inner surface of which engages the pulp-suspension flow and the outer surface of which is exposed to the gas under pressure. Thus, the elastic wall structure changes its configuration or geometry due to pressure fluctuations in the pulp-suspension flow while the gas under pressure which acts through the elastic wall structure on the pulp suspension serves to damp the pressure fluctuations.

Abstract: A headbox of a paper machine includes a header chamber for receiving pulp stock, a distribution pipe system for receiving pulp stock from the header chamber, a flow-equalizing chamber for receiving pulp stock from the distribution pipe system, a turbulence passage system for receiving pulp stock from the flow-equalizing chamber, and a lip slice for receiving pulp stock from the turbulence passage system and discharging the pulp stock from the headbox. At least one of the above chambers is defined in part by a movable wall structure which has an inner surface contacting the pulp stock so that this movable wall structure can move in response to pressure fluctuations in the pulp stock. This wall structure has an outer surface which defines part of the hollow interior of an enclosure in which air under pressure is situated, so that through the movable wall structure the air under pressure can act on the pulp stock to damp pressure fluctuations thereof.

Abstract: The damping device has a transition section of increasing cross-sectional area with a perforated plate extending across the downstream end. The perforated plate has ducts which increase in cross-sectional area in a step-wise manner. The transition section may have a parabolic profile, a conical profile, an arcuate profile or may be formed of a sequence of conical parts.

Abstract: A method and mechanism including a housing having a screening chamber therein with a cylindrical screen and foils rotating past the surface of the screen with the housing having circumferentially spaced outlets which are at nonuniform circumferential locations, are different in number than the foils, and lead to a common manifold which will lead to a paper machine headbox. An air dome is at one end of the chamber.

Abstract: An approach pipe system which delivers pulp suspension to the headbox of a paper machine includes a tank having in its interior an upper gas space and a lower liquid space adapted to contain a liquid the upper surface of which contacts the gas in the gas space. In its interior this tank carries a flexible diaphragm which defines with the tank a flow space separated from the liquid space by the flexible diaphragm. A supply pipe communicates with this flow space for delivering a pulp suspension thereto while a discharge pipe also communicates with the flow space for receiving a pulp suspension therefrom and for continuing the travel of the pulp suspension to a headbox. The gas in the gas space acts through the liquid in the liquid space on the diaphragm to damp pressure and flow rate disturbances in the pulp suspension flowing toward the headbox.

Abstract: The flow straightener is used in piping for papermaking machines and employs ribs which are angled at the front edge to a plane perpendicular to the flow path to avoid fiber accumulations thereon. The ribs can be disposed in tube bends or elbows and can be used in circular or rectangular pipes.

Abstract: The discharge pipes of a plurality of stock pumps, each supplying a separate concentrated stock slurry, are connected with a pipe containing comparatively dilute stock, commonly called "white water", discharged under pressure from a single fan pump on a single white water silo to supply separate slurries to separate chambers of a multi-ply web forming machine. The stock pumps have smaller capacities and pressure heads compared with a fan pump, thereby providing increased efficiency at required capacity with the minimum of equipment.

Abstract: A structure for keeping clean the interior of the headbox of a paper machine as well as contributing to the homogeneity of the stock flowing through the headbox. At a location in the headbox where there is a tendency for accumulation or build-up of matter such as fibers, fillers, slime, or the like, steam is introduced such as by supplying steam to the interior of a hollow body having a wall provided with passages through which the steam can escape to the exterior of the hollow body into the stock in the headbox.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of paper pulp from waste paper in which the waste paper is comminuted in water in a pulper, pre-cleaned for removal of coarse foreign contaminants, dewatered, kneaded at high concentration, diluted, after-cleaned for removal of finer or coherent soft foreign contaminants and adjusted to a concentration suitable for paper-making, the water respectively used for dilution and obtained during dewatering being circulated in two separate circuits upstream and downstream respectively of the kneading apparatus.

Abstract: In a device for feeding fiber suspension to the web-forming part of a paper machine the tendency of the fibers in the suspension to flocculate and form fiber clusters, before being fed onto the web-forming wire, is eliminated by spraying jets of water or steam or both into the head box which is supplied with a fiber suspension of a consistency greater than the desired. The jets cause strong turbulences in the head box and thereby effectively disperse the fiber clusters.

Abstract: Papermaking apparatus in which deaerated papermaking stock is gravity fed from the evacuated chamber of a stock receiver to paper web-forming means through dropleg supply conduit system interconnecting the bottom of this chamber and the exit slot or slice of paper web-forming headbox, the dropleg conduit system having entry communication with the receiver chamber along a substantial part of a major lateral expanse of the bottom portion of the deaerated stock collecting zone thereof, the droplet conduit system preferably having exit communication with the delivery passage of the paper web-forming headbox transversely in the direction of the transverse length of the exit slice. The conduit system is provided such that its flow course between the stock receiver and the web-forming headbox delivery passage has no course deviation laterally of the web-forming means axis.