Abstract: The invention relates to a method and mould for the production of a connecting rod or similar object having a body of cast metal, expecially a non-ferrous metal such as a zinc or aluminum alloy, the body comprising a connecting rod shank and of which at least one connecting rod end is provided with a bearing race element of hardened steel, typically an outer race for a roller or needle bearing. The invention particularly pertains to connecting rods having bearing surfaces subject to high loads and which are characterized by the absence of "pockets" in which contaminated lubricant might accumulate. Such connecting rods are, for instance, used in two-stroke combustion engines as for instance outboard motors for boats or the like, with rollers or needles disposed between the said outer race and the journal of the crank shaft throw.

Abstract: Composites consisting of refractory metallic carbide particles in a local matrix of an alloy having a lower melting point than the carbides are prepared by placing sections of refractory metallic carbide, at least some of which are larger in size than those desired in the final composite, in a mold. Matrixing alloy is heated above the melting temperature of the binder metal employed in the sintered carbide and then poured into the relatively cold mold. The binder metal dissolves at least at the outer surfaces of the sections and diffuses into the alloy which is allowed to naturally cool and solidify. The final composite contains micron size particles of the carbides released from the large sections when the binder melts.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a lighter composite master brake cylinder is disclosed along with the resulting product. A seamless steel tube of critical thickness, closed at one end, and treated by acid etching on its exterior, is oriented vertically within a mold cavity. The tube is pretreated to contain critically dimensioned punched and coined openings for brake fluid filling and fluid delivery. Openings in the cast body are defined by pin cores aligned with the tube openings and are dimensioned to separate the edge of the tube openings from the cast opening. The tube is supported by a plug extending snuggly into the interior of said tube, said plug being joined at one end to the die walls; the cores are also supported by suitable attachment to the die walls.

Abstract: A lined bearing is made by tinning at least the radially inner surface of a bearing ring, providing an atmosphere of water vapour adjacent the tinned surface to which a flux is also supplied, and centrifugally casting on the lining material. Tinning can be achieved by applying a slurry of tin powder in a flux solution, e.g. an aqueous zinc chloride solution, followed by heating at least to a tinning temperature. Further flux solution can be sprayed onto the hot tinned surface in the centrifugal casting machine to form the desired atmosphere and to disperse the flux as fine particles. Quenching by spraying on cold water preferably commences immediately after casting of the white metal or other lining material begins.

Abstract: A method of producing layer-like clad metal materials is disclosed. The layer-like clad metal material is produced by applying an organic substance consisting mainly of carbon and hydrogen to the surface of a metallic core material having at its surface substantially no oxide film to form a coating film having a thickness of 50-3,000 .mu.m, placing said core material in a casting mold, pouring a molten metal having the same or different composition around said core material into said mold by a bottom pouring process to form a clad metal ingot, subjecting said ingot to slab rolling or forging to form an intermediate product, and then subjecting said intermediate product to a hot working and, if necessary, a cold working.

Abstract: Composites consisting of sintered tungsten carbide particles in a local matrix of a steel alloy having a carbon, cobalt and tungsten content are prepared by placing particles of tungsten carbide with cobalt binder, at least some of which are larger in size than those desired in the final composite in a mold. Matrixing alloy having little or no tungsten content is heated above its melting temperature and then poured into the relatively cold mold. The carbon, tungsten and cobalt dissolve at the outer surfaces of the particles and diffuse into the alloy which is allowed to naturally cool and solidify.

Abstract: A method of making a metal casting composed of a steel plate and aluminum material interlocked with the steel plate. A plurality of teeth are formed on at least one of the opposed surfaces of the steel plate by raising up a skin of the plate from the same, the teeth providing primary interstices, each of which extends from the steel plate and has at least one face with a number of flaws formed during the formation of the teeth and providing substantially irregular interstices. The casting is then formed by pouring aluminum material in the molten state onto the steel plate surface so that the molten aluminum material penetrates into the primary and irregular interstices, thereby to provide a firm interlocking between the steel plate and the aluminum material upon solidification thereof.

Abstract: Method for making a bicast article in which a solid metal preform is positioned in a mold and a molten metal is cast around portions of the preform which are exposed in the mold. In accordance with the present invention, the exposed portions are coated prior to the casting step with a boron containing alloy which is compatible with the preform and with the metal to be cast about it, the boron containing alloy having a melting range below the melting range of either the preform or the cast metal. The alloy also has a major ingredient which is the same as the major ingredient of at least one of the metals to be joined. After solidification of the molten metal in the casting cavity, the resulting bicast article is heat treated at a temperature below the melting range of either the preform or the solidified metal to cause diffusion of boron into the preform and into the solidified metal thereby providing an improved metallurgical bond.

Abstract: A reinforced ferrous metal casting and a method of making a reinforced ferrous metal casting wherein the reinforcing rods are located within tubular metal sheaths such that the metal sheaths become fused and bonded to the casting while the reinforcing rods located within the metal sheaths are not fused with respect to the sheaths and are, therefore, slidable within the casting. The reinforcing rods are preferably spaced from the sheath by a refractory coating.

Abstract: A composite casting is produced by electrodepositing a wear resistance material onto a core, immersing the core in an aluminium melt and then casting an aluminium alloy around the core, before detaching the latter. The wear resistant layer may be given a roughened surface before immersing in the aluminium melt, by increasing the current density in the later stages of the depositing. The method may be used for casting light metal cylinders for internal combustion engines.

Abstract: Bearings including a layer of a bearing metal, e.g. a lead/tin alloy, in which continuous or discontinuous carbon fibres are incorporated and are concentrated at or near the bearing surface. The proportion of carbon fibres at or near the bearing surface is from 2 to 60 .sup.v /o.A method of making shell bearings of this type comprises providing a trough of a backing material for the bearing carrying a continuous longitudinal tow of carbon fibres, pouring into the trough a molten bearing metal at a temperature at which it wets the carbon fibres, and cooling and solidifying the bearing metal with the carbon fibres incorporated therein. The carbon fibres may be coated, e.g. with copper, to enable them to be more readily wetted by the molten bearing metal.

Abstract: Ingots are marked by locating on a face of the ingot mould prior to casting, an indicium or indicia defining body formed of bonded particulate refractory supported on an organic foam base, e.g. polyurethane foam.