Abstract: An immersion nozzle for continuous casting of steel comprises an immersion nozzle body for introducing molten steel supplied form a tundish into a continuous casting mold, the immersion nozzle body having two exit ports located symmetrically about a vertical center axis of the immersion nozzle body at a lower portion thereof and being immersed in the molten steel in the mold. The immersion nozzle body has a bore which includes first and second sectional areas, the first sectional area being at and below the two exit ports and being smaller than the second sectional area, the second sectional area being above the two exit ports, and the molten steel passing through the bore and out through the two exit ports. The bore has an inner diameter at the level of the two exit ports which is substantially equal to a horizontal inner length or diameter of the two exit ports. A ratio represented by (A)/(B) is from 0.5 to 0.

Abstract: A shroud for shielding the pouring of molten metal in a neutral atmosphere from a metallurgical vessel to a center runner trumpet associated with bottom pour ingot molds or the like. The shroud is a vacuum formed fiber structure with a flat bottom and a contoured self-sealing top configured to seal against a metal ware extension from the metallurgical vessel which maintains the neutral atmosphere.

Abstract: A tundish and associated assembly are employed for the continuous casting of molten steel containing lead. Undissolved lead can accumulate at the bottom of the tundish, work its way through the refractory material lining the tundish interior bottom and weep through the metal tundish shell bottom into a casting mold located below the tundish, which is undesirable. Expedients are provided to minimize such lead weeping.

Abstract: The invention relates to a refractory submerged pouring nozzle for the continuous casting of molten metals, especially molten steel, in a mould for thin slabs. The submerged pouring nozzle 2 is covered by a bottom plate 13 on its lower end face and has two opposing outflow orifices 11. While the edge of the bottom 13 forms a breakaway edge 11' for the molten metal, there adjoins the remaining edge of the especially archway-like outflow orifice 11 a roof-shaped guide element 15, the sideparts 15'0 of which have free edges 15" projecting from the outer edge of the upper part 15" of the guide element 15 and extending obliquely downwards to the lower breakaway edge 11'.

Abstract: A manipulator for engaging a pouring tube (11) with the discharge gate valve of pouring ladle is designed so that the position of a cylinder (7) for turning a boom (4) for holding the pouring tube (11) depends on the pressure applied to the turning cylinder (7). This is accomplished by a spring (15) interposed between the turning cylinder (7) and the boom (4).

Abstract: A tube for continuous casting of molten metal is composed of a thin sheet-metal cladding and of an internal lining of heat-insulating material which is sinterable at the casting temperatures involved. The upper end of the casting tube is attached in air-tight manner to the discharge outlet of a first vessel for containing molten metal. The lower end of the casting tube dips into the molten metal of a second vessel located downstream with respect to the first vessel. In conjunction with the sheet-metal cladding, the casting tube comprises a tubular reinforcement member embedded within the lining material. The reinforcement member extends to the full depth of that portion of the casting tube which is in contact with the molten metal.

Abstract: Ceramic porous bodies, including ceramic foam filters and smooth-faced ceramic objects, e.g., ceramic foam bricks, ceramic foam melting crucibles, and ceramic foam cores, made in accordance with the present invention are suitable for use with molten metal in general and molten superalloys in particular. The invention also provides a tundish for use with ceramic foam filters to filter metal en route from a metal furnace to a casting mold, and a melting device for use in casting metal which employs a ceramic foam filter as a bottom pour valve for a melting crucible such that the ceramic foam filter valve regulates the flow of molten metal therethrough in order to permit an entire ingot of metal to melt in the melting crucible before any metal begins to pour from the melting device into a casting mold.

Abstract: During ceramic casting for the production of a molten bath it is often observed that the fire-resistant material becomes eroded and/or solid oxide phases are deposited. Both phenomena interfere with the smooth outflow of the molten bath. The present invention is intended, therefore, to provide an outflow which is stable in shape even when a molten bath is passed through, especially in multiple-sequence casting. To this end, the invention provides for ceramic casting with an envelope (10, 14) which is at least partly external and an internal insert (11, 14, 53) at a distance from the envelope (10, 14), the insert ( b 11, 14, 53) and envelope being connected together.

Abstract: Manufacturing apparatus for continuous casting of sheet metal includes a pair of chill rolls and a vessel containing molten metal. One of the rolls is of a larger diameter, on which the other roll of a smaller diameter is arranged at a position corresponding to a clock position of 12-3 O'clock. The vessel has an open forward end and is arranged to contact the larger roll or leave a gap as narrow as possible. The smaller roll is partially disposed in molten metal in the vessel. When the two rolls are driven at the same peripheral velocity in the opposite direction, molten metal is fed between the rolls to form a sheet metal which may be continuously peeled from the larger roll surface.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production casting of molten metal. In such casting, the molten metal being poured into one cavity may be splashed or overflowed into another adjacent cavity. The invention provides a splash guard which defines a barrier to the molten metal and prevents such inadvertent introduction of the molten metal into an adjacent cavity. The splash guard preferably comprises a substantially solid object made of a material, such as graphite, that retains its structural integrity at high temperatures and upon contact with molten metal, but which does not strongly adhere or bond to the molten metal upon cooling. The invention can be embodied in both manual and automatic casting lines. In a manual casting line, the splash guard may physically contact a surface of the mold to create the molten metal barrier between the cavities.

Abstract: A gas-blow casting nozzle has an annular gas-blowing hollow chamber with a gas-permeable part which is provided between the hollow chamber and the pouring hole of the nozzle body, and a number of joint parts for integrally joining the inner wall and the outer wall of the hollow chamber, which are provided in the radial direction of the annular hollow chamber. The total of the vertical section of the cylindrical area of the joint parts is about 30% to 70% of the cylindrical area of the hollow chamber. The gas-blowing hollow chamber which has the function of a heat-insulating layer is so constructed that the inner wall and the outer wall of the hollow chamber are partially and uniformly joined with the joint parts, and the joint parts are made to have the function of a heat-transfering layer, whereby the temperature difference in the radial direction of the nozzle body may be made small and the occurrence of thermal stress in the casting nozzle may be prevented.

Abstract: A manipulator for engaging a pouring tube (11) with a discharge gate of a pouring ladle comprises a post (3) and a boom (4), which is adjustably mounted on the post (3) and adapted to carry the pouring tube (11). To provide for a simple sequence of movements and a simple control, the post (3) is pivoted to a base (1) on a horizontal axis (2), the boom (4) is pivoted to the post (3) on an axis (5), which is parallel to the pivotal axis of the post (3), and the post (3) and the boom (4) are pivotally movable about their respective pivotal axes by respective torque cylinders (6).

Abstract: A method of making a casting comprising the steps of, at a casting station, feeding molten metal from a primary source of molten metal into a mould cavity through an ingate below the top of the mould cavity, placing the cavity out of feeding relationship with the primary source by changing the orientation of the cavity relative to the direction of gravity to prevent flow of molten metal from the cavity towards the primary source and to permit of flow of metal from a secondary source to the cavity, the cavity being continuously connected to the primary source during said change of orientation, transferring the mould cavity to a cooling station spaced from the casting station and, at the cooling station, permitting molten metal to flow to the cavity from the secondary source while the metal in the cavity solidifies.

Abstract: A value for controlling the flow of molten metal which includes a tubular conduit through which the metal flows and apparatus for applying a force against the exterior of the conduit to vary the size of the cross-sectional area of the opening through the conduit and thereby control the volume of metal flowing through the conduit.

Abstract: A tundish is provided with a mixing zone below an entry station where a stream of molten metal from a ladle enters the tundish. The mixing zone utilizes the force from the ladle stream to create sufficient turbulence for mixing alloying elements, particularly alloying elements such as lead having density greater than that of the molten metal with the metal in the tundish. The invention also includes a process for uniformly mixing alloying element with molten metal in the tundish. The process is particularly suited to making lead-bearing free machining steels on a continuous caster.

Abstract: In casting thin metal strip or foil by dynamic casting in which molten metal is teemed from a crucible 13 onto a moving belt or wheel, the invention provides an outlet orifice control assembly arranged to define a slot of controlled width through which the metal flows from the crucible outlet 20. The assembly comprises opposed shut-off plates 28,29 extending between edge strips 26,27, and underlying these are opposed slot plates 32,33 extending between second edge strips 30,31 with opposed support strips 34,35 extending beneath the strips 30,31 and supporting the edges of the slot plates 32,33. The sets of plates are aligned and arranged so that one plate 29 and 33 is movable relative to the other respective plate 28 and 32 between closed and open positions for controlled flow of metal through a sized slot defined between the slot plates 32,33.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for simultaneous casting of at least two casting moulds or balls. The apparatus comprises a carriage which is movable in the direction of a casting line and is provided with two gutters for transferring molten metal from respective furnace spouts to respective sprues. At least one of these gutters is adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the line.

Abstract: A gas rinsing stopper includes a stopper member having therethrough an axial gas passage, a mounting fixture extending into a first end of the gas passage, a gas feed opening at a second end of the passage, and a gas supply line extending into the gas passage. A seal member is positioned within the gas passage and forms a gas tight seal separating the gas passage into a first section including the mounting fixture and a second section leading to the gas feed opening. The gas supply line opens into the second section of the gas passage, such that rinsing gas supplied through the gas supply line is isolated from the first section of the gas passage. This prevents the supply of rinsing gas from creating a reduced pressure at the first end of the gas passage, and thereby prevents atmospheric air from being drawn into the gas passage and mixing with the rinsing gas.

Abstract: A tilting channel for guiding molten material includes a trough-shaped channel body provided with outlets at opposite ends thereof and a spot of impact for the jet of molten material between said outlets. The channel body is pivotable by means of a pivot drive about a tilting axle from a normal operation position into an emergency operation position, and vice versa. The channel body is formed by two channel parts enclosing an angle O<.phi.<180.degree., and the bottom of the first channel part is arranged at a lower level relative to the bottom of the second channel part. The spot of impact of the jet is located on the first channel part close to where the latter enters into the second channel part, and the vertical middle plane of the first channel part lies in the plane formed by the jet, when the first channel part is in its downwardly inclined normal operating position.

Abstract: A device for introducing and exchanging a casting tube in a bottom-pour casting vessel allows a worn tube to be replaced without interrupting the casting operation when a movable plate casting tube assembly is mounted in a sliding manner on guides which are suitable for transmitting upward thrust pressure. If the replacement tube is introduced by pivoting in the well of the ingot mould, the exchange of the tube can be carried out without raising the distributor.

Abstract: An elongated tundish for the continuous strand casting of molten metal has a plurality of outlet openings arranged in a row extending in the longitudinal direction of the tundish. There is an elongated dam extending in said longitudinal direction between the row of outlet openings and the location of impact, on the tundish bottom, of a ladle nozzle stream of molten metal. The dam provides uniform residence times in the tundish for molten metal exiting the tundish at inner and outer outlet openings in the row of openings. Fluid flow control structure is located between the dam and the tundish side wall adjacent the row of outlet openings to avoid a dead zone in that region.

Abstract: An automated apparatus for manipulating a protective tube for a jet of a molten metal discharged from a tap hole of a casting ladle for selective movement of the protective tube under the tap hole and retraction therefrom, uses a first carriage displaceable along a horizontal track, a vertical shaft connected to the first carriage for displacement therewith and rotatable about its longitudinal axis, and a second carriage vertically displaceable along the shaft. A carrier arm for the tube is supported on the second carriage and a support case connects the carrier arm to the second carriage to allow horizontal movements of the carrier arm with respect to the second carriage. The carrier arm can be locked in a predetermined position with respect to the second carriage and is capable of gripping the tube.

Abstract: An immersion pouring spout for introducing molten metal, such as steel, into an ingot mold is provided with a top head and a cylindrical pouring tube including a protective external jacket attached by cement to the pouring tube and extending the entire length of the pouring tube. The jacket material has a thermal conductivity that is less than the thermal conductivity of the pouring tube material.

Abstract: Metal to be cast is melted in melting chamber of casting furnace. Molten metal flows through a nozzle of the melting chamber is atomized by a stream of heated compressed air. Droplets of molten metal are carried by the air stream to a mold onto which the metal is cast to form a thin even molding. The hot air stream prevents the molten metal droplets from solidifying until they reach the mold. The amount of metal cast and the thickness of the molding may be controlled by adjusting the velocity of the air stream and the distance from the nozzle to the mold.

Abstract: For the preparation of dental prostheses, a casting device with a controllable casting valve on the melting crucible includes a bell, which bell can be raised and lowered and to which pressure and/or vacuum can be applied and in which several molds can be located; different operating sequences can be selected by means of an electrical control unit and, for instance independently of the casting process, pressure or vacuum can be applied to, for example, a model.

Abstract: An arc furnace and investment casting apparatus includes a copper base with an integrally formed crucible having a passage therethrough. A vacuum chamber is positioned on the top of the copper crucible with a non-consumable cathode projecting into the chamber to effect melting of metal placed in the crucible. A vacuum chamber is also suspended beneath the crucible for support of a mold to receive molten metal flowing through the passage.

Abstract: A refractory conduit assembly for the transfer of molten steel from a discharge vessel to an ingot mold of a horizontal continuous casting plant includes a replaceable spout member adapted to be removably connected at a predetermined location to the refractory lining of a vessel. The spout member has therethrough a discharge channel to receive from the interior of the vessel a flow of molten steel. A shut off device is provided to interrupt the flow to the discharge channel. A casting tube has therethrough a flow passage with inlet and outlet ends. A coupling device connects the inlet end of the flow passage to the discharge channel, such that the flow of molten metal passes through the casting tube. The outlet end of the flow passage has an altered cross-sectional configuration adapted to that of the ingot mold. A nozzle has an inlet end connected to the casting tube and an outlet end having thereat a portion to sealingly contact walls of the ingot mold.

Abstract: A nozzle for a die casting machine of the type having mold halves that move toward and away from the parting line and engage a nozzle located on the parting line. The nozzle is free to "float" a limited amount on its surface mounting so as to assume a correct location at every shot in response to the die inserts closing around it. The nozzle also has a frusto-conical surface on the exit end of its aperture to provide a clean breakaway after a shot is made and only a small contact area is provided on the nozzle for engagement by the molds to reduce heat transfer thereto from the nozzle, moreover the structure increases specific superficial pressure between the nozzle area and the mold insert area in order to crush any metal debris that accumulates during the casting operation.

Abstract: Chill-cast metal foil is produced by an apparatus having a flexible gas permeable valve which provides a means for retaining the molten metal prior to processing it into a chill-cast metal foil and simultaneously providing a gas purging of the reservoir and the orifice in the reservoir to prevent formation of detrimental oxides of the molten metal by the exposure of the molten metal to air or oxygen containing atmosphere.A method for producing the chill-cast foil is also described.

Abstract: A die casting apparatus for pumping molten metal from a heated container to a nozzle communicating with an inlet of a mold including a charging mechanism for charging the apparatus with a predetermined amount of molten metal from the container and a multi-piece holder removably joined together by fastener means. The holder defines a shot barrel chamber and a gooseneck chamber extending in a curved path from the charging mechanism to the nozzle. A refractory shot barrel is removably positioned in the shot barrel chamber in communication with the molten metal in the heated container, and two refractory insert halves are removably positioned in the gooseneck chamber and coact to define a gooseneck passage at their parting interface providing fluid communication between the outlet of the shot barrel and the inlet of the nozzle.

Abstract: A die casting apparatus for pumping molten metal from a heated container to a nozzle communicating with an inlet of a mold including a charging mechanism for charging the apparatus with a predetermined amount of molten metal from the container and a multi-piece holder removably joined together by a fastener. The holder defines a shot barrel chamber and a gooseneck chamber extending in a curved path from the charging mechanism to the nozzle. A refractory shot barrel is removably positioned in the shot barrel chamber in communication with the molten metal in the heated container, and two refractory insert halves are removably positioned in the gooseneck chamber and coact to define a gooseneck passage at their parting interface providing fluid communication between the outlet of the shot barrel and the inlet of the nozzle.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing a protective gas shroud around molten metal being teemed from a ladle having a slide gate secured to the bottom. The apparatus comprises a plenum box sealed to and extending downwardly from the sliding part of the slide gate. A hood is arranged to telescope over the plenum box and form a rough sliding seal therewith. The hood has a skirt flange at the bottom thereof. The width of said skirt flange in the direction of movement of the slide gate is greater than the maximum slide gate movement. Means are fixed relative to the plenum box to raise and lower the hood. Means are provided for introducing a protective gas into the plenum box. The method comprises aligning the ladle with the mold into which hot metal is to be teemed. The means for raising and lowering the hood is activated to lower the skirt flange to rest upon the top of the mold or hot top. Thereafter the slide gate is opened dragging the hood over the top of the mold or hot top into alignment with the mold.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for differential pressure, counter gravity, casting of metal in a gas-permeable mold having a vertical passage with a lower open end for introducing molten metal into its mold cavity means. A crucible is provided for holding molten metal with its surface positioned beneath the mold. The crucible and the mold are relatively movable toward and away from one another for introducing molten metal into the lower open end of the mold, and pressure means is provided for applying a differential pressure to the mold and crucible to cause molten metal to fill the mold cavity means through the vertical passage. A rigid, permanently crimpable fill pipe is sealingly connected to the lower open end of the vertical mold passage with its lower end extending vertically downwardly toward the crucible.

Abstract: An arrangement for controlling the pouring of a melt out of a crucible with a hole in the bottom which hole is blocked while the material is being melted with a closure plate that melts through locally as the result of heat transferred from the melt. To precisely establish the time at which the closure plate melts through, the plate is cooled from below while the starting material is being melted. Cooling is at least decreased and preferably terminated when it is time to pour out the melt. The plate can be cooled by a flow of a gas coolant directed against it or by contact with a cooling element that is raised into position against it from below.

Abstract: A control system operates an automatic ladling apparatus for conveying molten metal from a furnace to a die casting machine or the like. The control system includes a plurality of adjustable speed control settings so that the speed of the apparatus can be varied according to operating conditions. The rate at which molten metal is poured into the die casting machine may also be varied. The position of the apparatus is monitored so that speed is automatically varied according to the position, and these positions are programmable. The control system includes an abort sequence to pour molten metal back into the furnace automatically if the die casting machine is not ready to accept the pour.

Abstract: An apparatus for the continuous sequential casting of metals and their alloys wherein a furnace is rotated about an axis and a series of molds is continuously transported to the furnace and the molds are sequentially filled with molten metal poured from the furnace. Each of the molds is caused to move in synchronous arcuate motion with an outlet of the furnace directly above the mold, so that the mold may be filled with metal from the furnace during the synchronous motion thereof. Within the furnace, a central main chamber communicates with the respective chamber of each of the outlets, such that, a continuous circuit of molten metal is maintained between the main and outlet chambers. In the top portion of the main chamber, an annular opening allows the addition of charge to the furnace during the rotation thereof for the continuous sequential casting process. During the filling of the molds, metal is withdrawn from the furnace substantially below the slag therein to prevent slag from entering the molds.

Abstract: A casting tube 8 of a refractory material comprises at its upper end a series of openings for the injection of a protective gas, for example argon, to create an atmosphere which protects the incoming molten metal against oxidation and cools the walls of the casting tube. The injection openings are grooves 11 formed in an upper frustoconical part of the casting tube, whose outer surface defines a fixing collar. These grooves are interconnected by an annular passage 12.

Abstract: A teeming ladle with at least one tapping hole (3) formed in the bottom of its body (1). According to the invention, a sleeve (4) is arranged around each tapping hole (3) substantially coaxially therewith. The sleeve (4) has one of its ends tightly connected with the ladle bottom and the other end immersed in the melt during casting. The diameter of the sleeve (4) is so many times larger than that of the tapping hole that after being immersed in the melt, a space is left in the sleeve interior filled with a gas medium under a pressure ranging from 0.02 to 1.0 time the pressure under which the melt is discharged from the ladle.

Abstract: Apparatus for casting of low-density metals, such as magnesium alloys, into an air-permeable mold includes a housing forming a substantially airtight chamber in which is disposed a mold assembly including a mold secured between top and bottom plates by encircling bands or straps. A bottom-discharge reservoir vessel for molten metal is disposed above the mold, the vessel outlet communicating with the mold inlet through a coupling against which the mold assembly is resiliently urged by bias springs to insure an airtight coupling. A valve is selectively operable for opening and closing the vessel outlet and closure apparatus cooperates with the vessel for providing a substantially airtight closure thereof. A pressure control system is coupled to the vessel and the chamber for establishing a pressure differential therebetween which cooperates with gravity to urge the molten metal from the vessel into the mold when the valve is open.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for making ductile iron castings. A nodulizing agent is placed into an open reaction chamber formed in the top of a mold and molten graphite iron is fed to the reaction chamber by a new and improved sealing member which is movable to cover the chamber for the required casting time. The member is designed to permit the reacted alloy to flow through the member and across the top of the mold to the inlet of a casting cavity formed in the mold and covered by the member, thereby minimizing the depth of the reaction chamber and eliminating the need for forming runner systems in the mold, both of which contribute to the production of scrap material. Also provided is the temporary storage of the molten alloyed iron in an open reservoir to enhance homogenization of the alloy and to facilitate the removal of impurities therein.

Abstract: In a method for forming shaped articles from molten metallic material the melt is caused to flow from a holding vessel therefor through a refractory duct having at least one static thermally-conducting element extending transversely within the duct so dimensioned and located to both cool and stir by shear the melt flowing therethrough. The melt is cooled to a temperature within its freezing range, if it is an alloy, or at its freezing point, if it is a metal, and is stirred to precipitate a solid phase as fragmented dendrites. The cooled and stirred metal outflow from the duct is cast into shaped articles. The invention has one specific application in producing the precipitating solid phase as non-degenerate micro-crystalline particles.

Abstract: A device for transfer of critical liquids, such as molten metals, has a body member including a short leg inlet liquid conveying passage submergeable in a large storage vessel containing the critical liquid. An intermediate high level liquid conveying passage is disposed over the vessel and connected in fluid transferring relationship to the inlet portion at one end, and at its other end to a long down leg passage which is connected to a smaller liquid storing chamber positioned substantially lower than the liquid level in the storage vessel. A pouring outlet is connected to the lower chamber to conduct liquid out of the lower chamber. The flow of metal is controlled by a vacuum source selectively connectable to the high level passage which causes a siphon action through the device. The lower chamber is adapted in cooperation with its storage vessel, to maintain a vacuum in the system during start up and the transfer of liquid from the storage vessel to the outlet.

Abstract: Pumping and measuring apparatus for fluid metals comprising an electromagnetic pump which operates in two modes; first, an idling mode in which the pump operates at one rate of flow and continually circulates fluid metal out of a reservoir, through an opening in a conduit and back to the reservoir; second, a delivery mode in which the pump operates at a higher rate of flow and circulates fluid as in the idling mode, and further raises the fluid metal to a higher opening in the conduit for delivery therethrough. A timing control for selectively adjusting the durations of each mode as well as the time intervals between modes allows high accuracy of measurements of quantities of fluid metal delivered.

Abstract: A conduit for high temperature transfer of molten semiconductor crystalline material consists of a composite structure incorporating a quartz transfer tube as the innermost member, with an outer thermally insulating layer designed to serve the dual purposes of minimizing heat losses from the quartz tube and maintaining mechanical strength and rigidity of the conduit at the elevated temperatures encountered. The composite structure ensures that the molten semiconductor material only comes in contact with a material (quartz) with which it is compatible, while the outer layer structure reinforces the quartz tube, which becomes somewhat soft at molten semiconductor temperatures. To further aid in preventing cooling of the molten semiconductor, a distributed, electric resistance heater is in contact with the surface of the quartz tube over most of its length. The quartz tube has short end portions which extend through the surface of the semiconductor melt and which are lef bare of the thermal insulation.

Abstract: The device comprises a plurality of superimposed sectional plates each of which is provided with aligned holes defining a plurality of ducts lying in side-by-side relation, each of the ducts containing a plurality of helically twisted vanes which are angularly displaced with respect to one another at angles of substantially 90.degree..

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for removing inclusions and inclusion clusters from a molten metal or alloy stream prior to casting. In the process, the molten metal is passed through a flotation box having a primary chamber and a secondary chamber located within the primary chamber. The primary chamber is provided with entry and exit portions, one on each side of the secondary chamber so that the stream of molten metal or alloy is directed to flow into the primary chamber, flowing beneath the secondary chamber and out the exit portion. Inclusions and inclusion clusters float to the surface of the molten metal or alloy in the secondary chamber prior to the exiting of the molten metal or alloy stream from the primary chamber through the exit portion for supply to a casting station.

Abstract: Shown is a method for preventing or reducing cracking in collector nozzles in teeming vessels by securing the shroud underneath the nozzle with a predetermined load, sufficient to cause fluid tight connection between the shroud and the collector nozzle, and yet not enough to crack the collector nozzle. The shroud is urged against the nozzle and supported there by a boom which is free to move with the nozzle and thus becomes slaved to the movement of the nozzle and not its support. In addition, the desirability of removing the shroud from the pouring vessel by tilting it is preserved, and at the same time locking the shroud against pivotal motion is provided which reduces, if not eliminates, the excessive loads that can be caused when the shroud or the valve move, and the lower end is restricted for such movement by the poured fluid, thereby resulting in excessively multiplied loads on the collector nozzle.

Abstract: A supported melting pot for recovered globules of solder includes a metering valve and feeder tube through which melted solder is delivered in controlled amounts to a die. The die includes separable sections, at least one of which is heated, and is provided with an elongated spiral molding groove. On each use of the apparatus, a spiral solder section having a length as great as twenty feet is produced.

Abstract: Battery plates are assembled into stacks forming positive and negative rows of lugs and the stacks are placed within the cells in a battery case. Molding channels are automatically formed around the positive and negative rows of lugs and molten lead alloy is automatically introduced into the molding channels to cast the straps and intercell connections simultaneously within the battery case.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for pouring molten metal into a mold or other cavity. The apparatus includes a tiltable pouring ladle having a pouring spout disposed coaxially with the axis of rotation or tilt of the ladle to permit pouring of metal in a direction coincident with such axis of rotation. The apparatus is further provided with a positionable pouring trough for directing molten metal from the pouring spout to a pouring cup located at any position on the mold surface. With this apparatus, a fixed relationship between the pouring spout, the pouring trough, and the mold surface at any phase of the pouring process may be maintained such that the trajectory of molten metal being poured through air is minimized. The ladle is shaped such that molten metal may be poured at a rate proportional to the tilting rate of the ladle. The ladle also includes apparatus for preventing impurities such as slag or dross inclusions introduced into the ladle with the molten metal from being poured into the casting.