Abstract: An applicator nozzle for applying a coating solution onto the molding surface of a metal mold for use in centrifugal casting. The applicator nozzle mounted on an applicator lance is provided, at its one end facing the molding surface, with a plurality of small nozzle openings which are arranged at a predetermined pitch to each other in the direction of movement of the lance into the metal mold, through which nozzle openings, a solution of coating material is emitted in solid rod-like form in such an amount as to be sufficient to complete mold coating in one way of the nozzle into the metal mold, thus producing mold coating free from an undesirable spiral pattern.

Abstract: In preparation of a mold for metal casting, a thermosetting resin layer, preferably of a thickness in a range from 2 to 100 micrometers, is formed between the refractory filler in the molding box and a covering laminate such as a thermoplastic synthetic resin film for tightly covering the filler surface so that the thermosetting resin layer develops, during metal casting, a shell layer for reinforcing the cavity wall of the mold due to heat given by molten metal. Development of casting defects such as sand marks and blow holes and occurrence of mold crumbling can effectively be prevented by the presence of the shell layer.

Abstract: A mold release agent comprising metallic soaps of the fatty acids in combination with 0.03 to one percent of a polyurethane catalyst selected from secondary and tertiary amines and organic tin compounds.

Abstract: A method of producing a reduced-pressure-shaped mould in which at least in the region of a sprue runner of the mould to be formed and in regions where a shield material for the mould material is likely to be destroyed during introduction of the molten material to be moulded, the mould material partially or entirely comprises moulding sand mixed with substantially 0.5% to substantially 3.0% by weight of binder.

Abstract: A belt-type metal-casting machine comprises a metallic casting belt, preferably of steel, having its side turned toward the melt formed with a heat-lagging (thermal-insulating) layer upon which at least one abrasion-resistant cover layer is applied. The cover layer consists of one or more metals whose fusion temperature or melting point in Kelvin .degree. is equal to or greater than 0.7 times the melting temperature, in .degree.K, of the casting metal to be applied.

Abstract: A surface, such as a die casting cavity surface, is coated with a substantially continuous thin film including a metal oxide of tungsten or molybdenum or mixtures thereof and carbon in the amorphous or crystalline allotropic form. A composition used in a method to provide the coating over the surface includes the carbon in the amorphous or crystalline allotropic form suspended in a liquid including water and the metal oxide or acid of tungsten or molybdenum or mixtures thereof dissolved in a hydroide. The method of coating the surface includes the steps of providing the surface to be coated with an oxide film, applying the composition over the oxide film, and treating the applied composition to form the substantially continuous thin film including the metal oxide of tungsten or molybdenum or mixtures thereof and the carbon in the amorphous or crystalline allotropic form. The thin film is capable of causing modification of selected properties of the surface related to shaping of metal containing materials.

Abstract: An improved foundry facing sand is disclosed. The foundry facing sand comprises silica sand admixed therewith, in percent by weight of the silica sand, from about 0.8 to about 2 percent of a cellulose binder, from about 2 to about 6 percent of foundry clay, from about 3.5 to about 7 percent water, from about 1 to about 2.2 percent core oil, from about 0.3 to about 0.5 percent of a release agent-lubricant, and from about 0 to about 20 percent silica flour. The use of such foundry facing sand in green sand molds improves the quality and finish of finished castings and also does not detrimentally affect the permeability of system sand.

Abstract: Apparatus for forming a refractory lining is disclosed which comprises a molding box for forming a refractory lining of an inner wall of a container for molten metal made up of an irregularly shaped mass of refractory material which has been vibrated and given thixotropic fluidity. The molding box is positioned within the container having at least one hole pierced in its bottom and means are provided for opening and closing the hole and vibrating the molding box, with the hole being connected with a vessel for vibrating the refractory material.

Abstract: Casting mold for metals, wherein paper-like sheet of carbon or graphite fibers is lined onto the inner surface of the mold to prevent seizure phenomenon between the mold and the cast article.