Abstract: A mold (2) has a cooling means (21) for having the thermal flux at four corner sections (2a) be smaller than the thermal flux at four face sections (2b). The cooling means (21) has first channels (22a) which are each embedded in the four corner sections (2a) respectively and which channel cooling water, and second channels (22b) which are each embedded in the four face sections (2b) respectively and which channel cooling water. The distance from the inner peripheral surface of the mold (2) to the first channels (22a) is greater than the distance from the inner peripheral surface of the mold (2) to the second channels (22b).

Abstract: Crystallizer for continuous casting, having a monolithic tubular structure defined by lateral walls (12) in the thickness of which channels (11) are made in which a cooling liquid flows, wherein two adjacent lateral walls (12) define a corner or s edge zone. On at least one longitudinal portion (C) of at least one of the lateral walls (12) and/or of at least one of the corner zones, defining a zone in correspondence with which, during use, the meniscus of the liquid metal is located, a reduction in thickness (13) is made, starting from the external surface, determining a cross section with a reduced area with respect to the remaining longitudinal portions of the monolithic tubular structure.

Abstract: An apparatus for casting metal strip includes a pair of counter-rotatable casting rolls having casting surfaces laterally positioned to form a nip therebetween through which cast strip can be cast, and on which a casting pool of molten metal can be formed supported on the casting surfaces above the nip, a pair of molten metal delivery nozzles disposed above the nip and capable of discharging molten metal to form the casting pool supported on the casting rolls, a pair of side dams adjacent ends of the pair of casting rolls capable of confining the casting pool, a pair of delivery nozzle actuators capable of positioning the delivery nozzles independently of the side dams and a pair of side dam actuators capable of positioning the side dams independently of the delivery nozzles during casting, and a control system capable of controlling desired distance between the delivery nozzles and the side dams.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for casting metals in a DC mold to form an ingot or product having at least two layers formed by sequential solidification. The apparatus has at least one cooled divider wall at the entry end portion of the mold to divide the entry end portion into at least two feed chambers. Metal is fed to the chambers to form an inner layer and at least one outer layer. The divider wall has a metal-contacting surface for contacting the metal for the at least one outer layer, the surface being arranged at an angle sloping away from the metal for the outer layer in a downward direction. The angle is larger at the center of the divider wall compared to the angle adjacent to each longitudinal end thereof. The apparatus is suitable for co-casting metals having similar coefficients of contraction to minimize problems of adhesion between the layers of a resulting ingot or rolled products produced therefrom.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled ingot mold is provided for the continuous casting of metals. The mold is made up of mold plates or a chill tube made of copper or a copper alloy, which are connected to a support structure by fastening bolts. The mold plates or the chill tube is connected to the support structure without clamping. A working gap exists between the support structure and the mold plates or the chill tube.

Abstract: A chill tube (1) for the continuous casting of metals has a double T-shaped cross section in beam blank format. Inner contour (3) defining the cross section of the cast billet is cooled by cooling water, which is guided through cooling channels (4) in tube wall (2). Cooling channels (4) have a round cross section when manufactured. Inner contour (3) has rounded transitions (6) between wall sections (9) bordering a flange region (7) and a crosspiece region (8). The distance (A) between two cooling channels (4) adjacent to each other in transitions (6) is smaller than distance (B) in the remaining wall sections (9).

Abstract: An ingot mold for continuous casting of metal strips or thin slabs has a funnel-shaped, charged are which is tapered to the format of the cast strand, and two ingot mold plates which are deformed in relation to each other and which have curved pouch-type broad side wall sections. The curvature of the curved pouch-type broad side wall sections is elliptical in the cross-section thereof.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled mold for a continuous casting of metals, including mold plates made of copper or a copper alloy, which are connected respectively to an adapter plate or a cooling-water tank by clamping bolts. The mold is characterized in that the clamping bolts are fastened to plateau pedestals which project in an island-like manner from the cooling arrangement side of the mold plate, which jut at least partially into a cooling arrangement gap formed between the mold plate and the adapter plate or the cooling-water tank, respectively, and have a streamlined shape adjusted to the flow direction of the cooling arrangement.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled mold for the continuous casting of metals, including mold plates made of copper or a copper alloy, which are supported at their rear on supporting plates by the use of a plurality of bolts. The bolts have bolt heads in the region of the backsides of the supporting plates facing away from the mold plates. Between the bolt heads and the supporting plate an articulation system making possible relative motion between the mold plate and the supporting plates is incorporated, having two articulation members, between which a sliding element is undetachably embedded.

Abstract: In a casting roll for a thin strip casting plant, comprising an essentially cylindrical core (1), a mantle (2) of copper or a copper alloy optionally being provided with at least one outside layer (5), an internal cooling system (4) as well as an adjusting means (8, 17, 20) for adjusting the outline of the casting roll in its front-end regions (7), the adjusting means for the purpose of levelling out thermally caused crowns with the aid of constructively simple means has in each front-end region of the casting roll a supporting disk (17) adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the casting roll and engaging a ring (8) radially surrounding the supporting disk (17) and abutting the mantle (2) from the inside in its front-end regions, which ring is fixedly attached with regard to the core (1) in the longitudinal direction of the casting roll (Fig.).

Abstract: When a body of startup material has been interposed in the cavity between the starter block and a first cross sectional plane of the cavity transverse the axis thereof, the starter block has commenced reciprocating along the axis, and the body of startup material has commenced reciprocating in tandem with it, through a series of second cross sectional planes, layers of molten metal are successively superimposed on the body of startup material adjacent the first cross sectional plane of the cavity, and the layers promptly distend relatively peripherally outwardly from the axis under the inherent splaying forces therein. The invention confines the relatively peripheral outward distention of the layers with a casting surface which is peripherally outwardly flared about the axis of the cavity.

Abstract: A mold cassette and method for continuously casting thin slabs. The cassette comprises a trough including a pair of vertically disposed, opposed broad walls and a pair of opposed narrow walls. The trough has an entry end for receiving molten material and an exit end for dispensing the material. The narrow walls are generally wider at the entry end than the exit end and are adapted for sealing engagement with the broad walls so as to prevent leakage of the material therebetween. At least one of the narrow walls is oriented at a selected tilt and adjustable at the tilt for changing the width of the slab during casting. Back edges of at least one of the adjustable narrow walls are relieved a region corresponding generally to the transition zone of the trough. This allows positioning of the narrow wall in a generally less than vertical plane during casting while maintaining the broad and narrow walls in sealing engagement with one another.

Abstract: A casting-die body (1) made of a hardenable copper alloy is provided with an inner wear-protective layer (7) of chromium whose hardness decreases from the billet-side surface (8) in the direction of the casting-die body (1). The wear-protective layer (7) is made up of two chromium layers (9, 10). For this purpose, the casting-die body (1) is given a solution heat treatment, is chromium plated, and is then hardened, as a result of which the initially very great hardness of the chromium layer (9) is reduced. The hardness of the chromium layer (9) then is about 650 HV. Subsequently, to increase the wear protection, the second chromium layer (10) is applied. The result is a conventional chromium-plated layer having a hardness of between 850 HV and 1050 HV.

Abstract: A strip casting plant with a circulating belt. In the cooling area, the belt is sucked against carriers by a negative pressure in the cooler. The carriers are arranged so that, with given mechanical properties of the circulating belt, a deflection that compensates for the thermal elongation takes place between the supporting surfaces of the carriers.

Abstract: Equipment for continuous casting of strands of metals, preferentially ingots of aluminium. The equipment comprises a flexible casting mould 1 that may be rectangular with two side faces 4, 5 restrained against movement and two flexible side faces 2, 3. The flexible side faces are provided with a stiffening part 36 in their middle regions, that sustains such a rigidity that the shape of the side faces in said regions are substantial constant as the side faces are bowed. The restrained side faces 4, 5 may have a stiffening part that passes lengthwise through the side face and possibly through the adjacent corners. This will have the effect that the flexible faces will behave as rigid affixed in their ends. The stiffening part 36 of the flexible side faces is attached to drag beams 6, 7 in an actuating mechanism 43. The actuating mechanism comprises pull/push bars 14, 15, 16, 17 that via link arms 23, 24, 25, 26 are connected with swingable force transmitting plates 27, 28 swinged by means of an actuator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a casting wheel of a strip casting machine. The casting wheel comprises a casting ring (30) mounted and borne internally on freely rotatable rollers (31a, b, 33a, b). In the zone of the position at the start of casting, the rollers (31a, b) are rigidly mounted via a supporting element (32), while on the opposite side they are radially adjustable via a-supporting element (34a, b). In this way deformations of the casting ring (30) due to heating during casting can be absorbed without a change in the position of the casting ring (30) as at the start of casting. The casting ring (30) is driven from outside via at least one driving element (30b) which is connected via a transmission member (30a) to the casting ring (30).

Abstract: An adjustable mold for a horizontal continuous casting apparatus includes an airtight cylindrical-shaped mold tube and an adjustable mold divided into a plural number of cooling plates in the direction of the periphery of the casting section and arranged after the airtight cylindrical-shaped mold tube. The plural number of cooling plates of the adjustable mold are able to move in the direction of the casting section radius. The inlet ends of each of the cooling plates of the adjustable mold are supported by support shafts that can have their position determined so that an inner diameter of an outlet end of the airtight cylindrical-shaped mold tube and an inner diameter of an inlet end of the adjustable mold can be brought into agreement.

Abstract: A cassette for a device for continuously casting liquid metal between two parallel rolls, the cassette includes a metal case which has a lateral wall and is open on a side of the case, and plate of refractory material which may be preheated before casting the liquid metal. The refractory plate is preshaped in such a manner so to define a free space between the periphery of the plate and the lateral wall of the case. The cassette is provided with an arrangement for fixing and gripping the plate and exerting an elastically yieldable opposing action allowing free expansion of the plate within the case.

Abstract: A continuous block caster is provided with a mold block assembly having an internal anchor pin which is insulated. One end of a support pin, many of which are used to support each block, is threaded into the anchor pin, the other end is demountably secured in a fastening member in turn fastened to a carriage block. All the fastening members except only one at the center, are y- or x-y slides, so termed because they permit lateral movement of the support pin. A stepped lock-down key which provides a camming means, allows an entire mold block assembly and supporting pin assembly to be connected and disconnected quickly from the carriage block by rotating the key. Insulating the support pin in this manner allows the planarity of a casting face to be maintained in a lateral plane within 5 mils (127 micrometers) of vertical movement. Such limited distortion does not adversely affect the planarity of the upper and lower faces of the cast slab.

Abstract: An improved continuous caster mold having adjustable end walls employs heating mechanisms in the portion of each of the narrow end walls above the level of molten metal contained in the mold to heat that portion of each of the end walls to a temperature more closely approximating the temperature of the end walls below the level of molten metal in the mold. The heating mechanisms tend to lower the temperature differential between the portion of the end wall below the level of molten metal and the portion of the end wall above the level of molten metal. By equalizing the temperature differential in the end wall, the thermal expansion of the end wall is made more uniform to prevent the formation of a gap between the end walls and either of the broad side walls. The improvement is also useful for reducing thermal stresses in molds having fixed, stationary end walls.

Abstract: Casting process and device for the continuous casting of strip and thin slabs or rods whereby at least one wall of a casting mold is formed by a flexible open-end casting belt which travels from a coil through the mold is coiled up again after passing through the mold. The belt is submitted to a tensile force acting in the direction of its path of motion and so intensely that the belt, when it is heated up in the mold, is stressed beyond its elastic limit as to cause the belt to be strained to the extent that the growth of its cross-sectional area resulting from thermal expansion is sufficiently compensated for by the reduction of its cross-section due to the strain in the belt. Thereby an inadmissable deformation of the belt due to its thermal expansion is prevented.

Abstract: A metal casting device employs a number of pairs of mold members which can be opened or closed with respect to each other. The mold chamber pairs cooperate, in their closed state, to form a linear mold chamber. In order to compensate for shrinkage as the metal cools, the mold member pairs are movably supported by an endless chain, with the pairs of cooperating mold members being provided with contact faces having the same angle of inclination. Each mold member pair is also equipped with supporting rollers with which the associated mold chamber section can be closed or opened, as required.

Abstract: In a continuous caster including a crucible for metal to be melted and a mold coupled to the crucible, the crucible and the mold can be screwed together so that easy removal and replacement of the mold is possible. The crucible and the upper part of the mold are surrounded by an induction heating coil to maintain the metal in a molten condition. A gasket of zirconium oxide is clamped between the mold and the crucible.

Abstract: A mold has two broad side walls opposing each other at a distance and being connected to two narrow walls which oppose each other and are arranged between the side walls. The upper portion of the side walls defines a funnel-shaped casting area whereby the narrow walls are arranged beyond the casting area so that the side walls extend parallel towards the narrow walls at the distance which corresponds to the width of the cast steel.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining the wear of a mold wall during continuous casting of metal by using at least one distance measuring sensor disposed in the mold wall to measure the instantaneous distance from the sensor to the casting. The surface of the casting adjacent the mold wall may be irregular, so the minimum value of the distance between the sensor and casting is stored and used as the current distance between the sensor and the inner mold wall. Mold wear is determined by subtracting the current distance between the sensor and the inner mold wall from the original distance, before the abrasive casting process began. The sensor signals are also used to determine when the mold geometry should be adjusted to compensate for the wear. This is accomplished by storing the maximum distance between the sensor and casting and subtracting the current distance from this maximum, since the maximum distance increases as the casting shrinks away from the mold wall.

Abstract: A continuous casting mould comprises a first mould part moulding the strand cross section and at least one second mould part arranged after the first part in the strand travelling direction. The second mould part is equipped with wall parts supporting the strand surface and getting into contact therewith. The wall parts are pressable against the strand surface by adjusting means. In order to provide a continuous casting mould which peripherally requires only little space, in which the adjustment force does not depend on the wear of the wall parts, and in which completely uniform adjustment forces and thus always the same wear occur over the length of the wall parts, the adjusting means are arranged so as to be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the strand with their longitudinal axes.

Abstract: A mold for continuous casting of a magnetic metal includes a thin copper mold wall, a backup piece formed of a non-magnetic material serving to support the thin copper mold wall, passageways for a cooling medium between the thin copper mold wall and the backup piece, a clamping piece for clamping the backup piece against the thin copper mold wall, and an electromagnetic stirrer coil located between the backup piece and the clamping piece.

Abstract: The invention concerns the continuous casting of metals such as alloys of copper and is directed to the type of apparatus that uses a graphite die having a mold passage in which the casting is shaped as it passes through the die. In that type of apparatus, the die is disposed between cooling elements that conduct heat away from the die to cause the hot metal to cool as it passes through the die and because the die has a tendency to bend away from the cooling elements, the apparatus employs clamps to inhibit separation of the die from the cooling elements. In the invention, means are provided to apply compressive force to the ends of the die to cause bending moments to be set up in the die that counteract the tendency of the die to bend away from the cooling elements. In the invention the die is made of two graphite plates of uniform thickness separated by graphite spacers which form a generally rectangular mold passaage.

Abstract: Disclosed is an adjustable sliding mold assembled of two angular mold pieces slidably engaging each other at two mating surfaces. Adjusting means, preferably in the form of a spindle, is hinged to an outer side of a mold part to move the same transversely to the extrusion channel. The movable mold part is formed with an arcuate guide surface extending transversely to the extrusion channel and cooperating with a stationary complementary bearing surface so that during adjustment of the width of the extrusion channel the guiding surface automatically adjusts the taper of the channel.

Abstract: The mold comprises a generally rectangularly shaped, machine duplicatable band which is monolithically circumferentially continuous and inherently convexly bowed on the relatively longer and shorter sides thereof, so that it forms crowns on the opposing side walls of the ingot operatively formed therein. The bow in the relatively longer sides of the band has an inherent deflection adapted to form a crown intermediate between that adapted to compensate for shrinkage during the butt forming stage of the casting operation, and that adapted to compensate for shrinkage when the casting operation is conducted at operating speed.

Abstract: Mould for the horizontal continuous casting of metals comprising a first mould part which is adapted to have an intensive cooling effect on the metal being cast and which has a reduced inflow cross-section for the metal relative to casting cavity; a support frame; and a second mould part which is formed by several elements carried by the support frame, the elements being movable radially relative to the support frame.

Abstract: An apparatus for connecting a tundish and a mold for horizontal continuous casting of a metal, which comprises: a break ring fitted to the inlet opening of a water-cooled mold through a joint material; a front nozzle engaged in the molten metal outlet of the side wall of a tundish; a feed nozzle provided between said break ring and said front nozzle so that one end thereof is in contact with said break ring and the other end thereof is in contact with said front nozzle through respective joint materials; and, a connecting mechanism for connecting said tundish and said water-cooled mold, said connecting mechanism having an elasticity means which pushes said break ring elastically against the inlet opening of said water-cooled mold, one end of said feed nozzle against said break ring, and the other end of said feed nozzle against said front nozzle.

Abstract: A continuous casting slab mould including a cooled copper body containing an aperture lined with graphite liners in which the graphite liners are held against the copper body by means of springs interengaging the liner and the body.

Abstract: Continuous casting apparatus is disclosed having a rotatable casting wheel 10 formed with an annular groove 12 in the wheel rim and an endless metallic band 20 mounted for movement along an endless path passing over and in contact with the casting wheel rim. Means 15, 17, 18, 19 are provided for introducing molten metal 16 into the casting wheel groove 12 under the endless band 20. A band hold-down roller 25 biases the band 20 firmly against the casting wheel rim overlaying the casting wheel groove 12. The hold-down roller 25 has an annular groove 26 located over the casting wheel groove into which an arched portion 21 of the endless metallic band 20 may intrude upon being heated by molten metal introduced into the casting wheel groove and thermally expanded.

Abstract: A casting die having separate die segments that cooperate to form an internal die cavity for receiving molten metal at the top thereof for subsequent solidification and removal therefrom in continuous strip or bar form. Novel retaining means in the form of cooperating bolt/bushing sets are provided for maintaining the relative positioning of the segments, the bolts having a lower coefficient of expansion than that of the bushings, so that upon heating of the die, the relatively greater expansion of the bushings will serve to place a continuing force upon the segments through bolt tensioning so as to maintain the die segments in face-to-face relationship and to eliminate possible flashing of metal therebetween.

Abstract: In apparatus for the continuous casting of metal in strip form between moving belts, belt support means comprising a multiplicity of elements that are distributed crosswise and lengthwise of a belt path area beside the mold space and are individually yieldable against a loading force, permit close belt stabilization to a selected path while yielding locally under excess outward force by the belt such as caused by solidified metal. Arrangement of belt support and cooling means along the mold space in successive sections each individually adjusted in respect to one or more of the conditions of belt path taper; degree of compliance, if any, in the retention of the belt against the support; and cooling action; are such that these features, as well as provision, if desired, of local yieldability, permit accommodation of the apparatus to various requirements of casting operation.