Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to a method and apparatus for continuously casting a metal slab. The method involves continuously introducing molten metal into an inlet of a casting cavity defined between advancing casting surfaces, cooling the metal in the cavity to form a metal slab, and discharging the slab from the cavity through an outlet. The casting surfaces have an ability to remove heat from the metal but this ability is reduced, thus reducing heat flux, for at least one of the casting surfaces in a region of the cavity spaced from both the inlet and the outlet and extending transversely to the casting direction. This reduced ability to remove heat is relative to such ability of the casting surface in immediately adjacent upstream and downstream regions of the cavity. The apparatus may be a twin belt caster or other form of continuous caster modified to perform the method.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to a method and apparatus for continuously casting a metal slab. The method involves continuously introducing molten metal into an inlet of a casting cavity defined between advancing casting surfaces, cooling the metal in the cavity to form a metal slab, and discharging the slab from the cavity through an outlet. The casting surfaces have an ability to remove heat from the metal but this ability is reduced, thus reducing heat flux, for at least one of the casting surfaces in a region of the cavity spaced from both the inlet and the outlet and extending transversely to the casting direction. This reduced ability to remove heat is relative to such ability of the casting surface in immediately adjacent upstream and downstream regions of the cavity. The apparatus may be a twin belt caster or other form of continuous caster modified to perform the method.

Abstract: A speed synchronization system in an aluminum alloy slab continuous casting and rolling line having a twin-belt casting machine and skin pass rolling machine which suitably controls a belt speed of the twin-belt casting machine and roll speed of the skin pass rolling machine so as to obtain a sound aluminum alloy continuously cast and rolled slab and a production facility and method of production of an aluminum alloy continuously cast and rolled slab using the same.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for casting NF metal baths, particularly copper or copper alloys, to produce flat products at least 20 mm thick, ensure melt introduction into a pool while preventing gas pockets or impurities flushing into the melt of a casting mould. The melt continuously flows along a flow-off element from a tundish to a bath level of the mould, at a casting angle of up to 15° and a constant or decreasing rate, and is conducted below a pool surface of the mould without influencing flow rate. Vortexes generated by melt hitting the bath surface are prevented from extending within the mould by a cover surrounding a top surface of the flow-off element. Gaseous components produced when the melt flows, escape via a free space above the flow. Gravity determines a flow rate of the free melt flowing from tundish to molten bath of a revolving strip-casting mould.

Abstract: There is provided a twin-belt casting machine which prevents an uneven cooling condition between the top surface and the bottom surface of a slab between a pair of endless belts disposed vertically. The twin-belt casting machine 1 comprises a pair of rotating belt units 3 including respective endless belts 2 and arranged up and down so as to face each other, a cavity 4 formed between the pair of rotating belt units 3, and cooling means 10 which is arranged inside the rotating belt unit 3. The twin-belt casting machine 1 continuously casts a slab S as a metal liquid is supplied in the cavity 4. The twin-belt casting machine 1 further comprises distance adjusting means which is arranged inside at least one of the pair of rotating belt units arranged up and down so as to face each other, and which moves apart or closer the endless belt relative to the slab S in accordance with a part where the slab and the endless belt become distant from each other.

Abstract: A twin-belt casting machine for casting metal strip. The machine is provided with a casting cavity which includes an upstream fixed casting region, in which the belts are in fixed convergent paths in contact with the cast slab, and an adjacent downstream portion in which the belts are adjustable between alignment with the fixed convergent paths and non-alignment therewith (being less convergent or divergent). When the adjustable portions of the paths are moved outwardly relative to the fixed convergent paths, the belts separate from the cast slab at differing predetermined points within the casting cavity. By adjusting the downstream portion of the casting cavity in this manner, the casting machine can operate at essentially constant throughput for a wide range of alloys while ensuring that the cast slab exiting the caster has a temperature within a predetermined range suitable for further rolling to produce sheet product.

Abstract: A magnesium metal thin plate manufacturing method includes at least a casting process of supplying a molten metal obtained by melting a magnesium metal to a molten metal bath, drawing out the molten metal, supplying the molten metal into the gap between a pair of casting rolls composed of at least a pair of casting upper roll and casting lower roll, applying pressure to the molten metal, and casting a plate solidified at a predetermined temperature and having a predetermined thickness, and a rolling process of rolling the cast plate by means of at least a pair of rolling rolls by applying pressure thereto to manufacture a magnesium metal thin plate. With the above arrangement, there can be provided a magnesium metal thin plate manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus that can effectively manufacture a magnesium metal thin plate by plastic working without requiring a heat energy generation step again in rolling.

Abstract: A continuous belt casting apparatus is provided with a casting cavity, and at least one flexible metal belt having an elongated casting surface passing through and at least partially defining the casting cavity. A motor is provided for rotating the metal belt in the longitudinal direction of the casting surface whereby the casting surface passes through the casting cavity in the longitudinal direction. A molten metal supply device delivers molten metal continuously to the casting cavity, so that molten metal supplied to the casting cavity is solidified and removed as a continuous strip ingot from the casting cavity by rotation of the belt. The casting surface is provided with a plurality of grooves oriented in substantially the same direction. The invention also relates to a casting belt for such an apparatus and a method of casting using the apparatus.

Abstract: A casting belt for using in a single-belt or twin-belt casting apparatus is disclosed. The casting belt is made of aluminum alloy such as an alloy from the AA5XXX and AA6XXX systems, preferably having a thickness in the range of 1 to 2 mm. The aluminum casting belt of the invention is suitable for casting non-ferrous and light metals such as aluminum, magnesium, copper, zinc and their alloys, especially aluminum alloys such as Al—Mg, Al—Mg—Si, Al—Fe—Si and Al—Fe—Mn—Si alloy systems. A belt casting machine and process using the aluminum casting belt of the invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for guiding a moving, flexible, tensed casting belt on a continuous metal casting machine along a substantially oval path. The continuous metal casting machine having an entrance-end, an exit-end and a moving-mold casting region extending from the entrance-end to the exit-end. The apparatus includes a non-rotating fluid pillow structure at the entrance end of the machine. The fluid pillow structure supports the mold-width of the casting belt. The apparatus includes two narrow shoulder-pulleys at the entrance end of the casting machine which are adjacent to opposite sides of the entrance-end fluid-pillow structure. Each pulley supports a portion of the belt outside of the moving-mold casting region. Each pulley guides the belt around the fluid-pillow structure as the belt revolves along its substantially oval path. The apparatus also facilitates the sealing, controlled-venting and recovery of pressurized fluids used to levitate the belt about a fluid-pillow structure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuous casting of metal strip, the apparatus having (i) a first endless belt supported and moved on the surfaces of a first entry pulley and a first exit pulley and (ii) a second endless belt supported and moved on the surfaces of a second entry pulley and a second exit pulley, with an entry nip defined between the first and second entry pulleys and an exit nip defined between the first and second exit pulleys. Opposing surfaces of the first and second belts progressively diverge from each other in the direction of movement thereof. The apparatus may include a cooled roll in place of the first pulley and first belt with a nip defined between the cooled roll and the second entry pulley.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuous casting of metal strip, the apparatus having (i) a first endless belt supported and moved on the surfaces of a first entry pulley and a first exit pulley and (ii) a second endless belt supported and moved on the surfaces of a second entry pulley and a second exit pulley, with an entry nip defined between the first and second entry pulleys and an exit nip defined between the first and second exit pulleys. Opposing surfaces of the first and second belts progressively diverge from each other in the direction of movement thereof. The apparatus may include a cooled roll in place of the first pulley and first belt with a nip defined between the cooled roll and the second entry pulley.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuous casting of metal strip, the apparatus having (i) a first endless belt supported and moved on the surfaces of a first entry pulley and a first exit pulley and (ii) a second endless belt supported and moved on the surfaces of a second entry pulley and a second exit pulley, with an entry nip defined between the first and second entry pulleys and an exit nip defined between the first and second exit pulleys. Opposing surfaces of the first and second belts progressively diverge from each other in the direction of movement thereof. The apparatus may include a cooled roll in place of the first pulley and first belt with a nip defined between the cooled roll and the second entry pulley.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electromagnetic confinement of molten metal during strip casting of molten metal between two belts that wrap around entry pulleys to create a molding zone. The molten metal is delivered to a curved surface of each belt to form strip metal. The molten metal is contained within the molding zone by a pair of edge containment devices. The edge containment devices have a C-shaped magnetic member with an upper pole having an upper pole face and a lower pole having a lower pole face. Current flows through a coil wrapped around a core region of the magnetic member to create magnetic lines of force that flow between the upper pole face and the lower pole face. The C-shaped magnetic member is positioned such that magnetic lines of force pass through the edges of the two belts and the molten metal, and keep the molten metal within the molding zone.

Abstract: A method of continuous casting non-ferrous alloys which includes delivering molten non-ferrous alloy to a casting apparatus. The casting apparatus rapidly cools at least a portion of the non-ferrous alloy at a rate of at least about 100° C. thereby solidifying an outer layer of the non-ferrous alloy surrounding an inner layer of a molten component and a solid component of dendrites. The dendrites are altered to yield cast product exhibiting good resistance to cracking.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for strip casting of metals on at least one endless belt. The apparatus employs a tapered molding section that is large at the point of molten metal entry and tapers to a smaller thickness where a pair of pinch rolls apply a compressive force that sets the final thickness of the cast strip.

Abstract: Non-rotating, belt-levitating, cylindrical air-pillow method supporting and guiding a moving, tensed, flexible, heat-conductive casting belt along a convex, cylindrically shaped path toward an entrance into a continuous casting machine. Pressurized air is applied in belt-levitating relation to the inner surface of the casting belt moving along the path. Stationary belt-guiding elements define the path. Pressurized air is fed through throttling passages communicating with regions between stationary elements or communicating with outwardly facing stationary plateau surfaces. For reducing flexural stress in the belt moving toward the entrance, a variable radius R+ progressively increases toward the entrance. Escape of pressurized air is restricted by throttling barrier on a perimeter of the belt path. A cylindrical shell supports the stationary elements and is adjacent to a plenum chamber feeding pressurized air through throttling passages in the shell.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy foil is formed from an alloy containing about 1.2 to 1.7% by weight iron, about 0.4 to 0.8% by weight silicon and about 0.07 to 0.20% by weight manganese, with the balance aluminum and incidental impurities. The alloy is continuously strip cast, e.g. on a belt caster, to form a strip having a thickness of less than about 25 mm, which is then cold rolled to interanneal gauge followed by interannealing at a temperature of about 280 to 350° C. The interanneal strip is cold rolled to final gauge and further annealed to form the final foil product, having high strength and excellent quality.

Abstract: A method of determining the friction between the strand shell and the mold during continuous casting with an oscillating mold includes measuring with the use of controlled double-acting hydraulic cylinders and with a predeterminable measuring frequency the pressures of always both chambers of all oscillating cylinders as well as the lifting positions of the pistons corresponding to these pressures, and by computing from these data the friction force acting at any point in time between the strand shell and the mold walls.

Abstract: In a continuous casting of a molten aluminum bearing alloy, a casting space is defined between substantially parallel opposed portions of a pair of traveling endless belts and the molten aluminum bearing alloy is supplied into the casting space to be continuously cast into the shape of a plate. A cooling rate AT during solidification of the aluminum bearing alloy is controlled so that the cooling rate &Dgr;T ranges between 3 and 6° C./sec. where &Dgr;T=(T−500) /t, T is a temperature when the casting of the aluminum bearing alloy starts, and t is a cooling time in sec. between start of casting and the time when the temperature of the aluminum bearing alloy decreases to 500° C.

Abstract: A process of casting a molten metal to form a cast metal strip ingot while controlling heat flux from the cast metal. The process comprises continuously supplying molten metal to a casting cavity formed between a pair of moving continuous casting surfaces that withdraw heat from the molten metal to cause metal solidification, and continuously withdrawing a resulting cast strip ingot from the casting cavity. A gas (e.g. air) containing water vapour substantially without liquid water (i.e. a moist gas) is supplied to the inlet of the casting cavity in a region containing the meniscus formed where the molten metal first contacts the casting surfaces. The moist gas has the effect of adjusting the heat withdrawal by the casting surfaces to minimize surface defects in the cast strip ingot and to avoid undesired distortion of the casting cavity. Furthermore, in those cases where a parting agent is applied to the casting surfaces, the amount of parting agent applied to the casting surfaces may be reduced.

Abstract: Non-rotating, belt-levitating, cylindrical air-pillow apparatus and method supporting and guiding a moving, tensed, flexible, heat-conductive casting belt along a convex, cylindrically shaped path toward an entrance into a continuous casting machine. Pressurized air is applied in belt-levitating relation to the inner surface of the casting belt moving along the path. Stationary belt-guiding elements define the path. Pressurized air is fed through throttling passages communicating with regions between stationary elements or communicating with outwardly facing stationary plateau surfaces. The pressure level of belt-levitating air is at least about 90% but not exceeding 100% of a pressure level which lifts the casting belt away from contact with the stationary elements.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method and apparatus for enhancing the quality of cast metal being cast in a continuous casting process. In particular, the method and apparatus of the present invention combines temperature and quality control sensing to achieve closed-loop control of the cooling of molten metal in a continuous caster.

Abstract: Method, system and apparatus for controllably heating copper alloy dam blocks in revolving edge dam chains in twinbelt continuous casters by induction heating of thermally-sprayed ferromagnetic layers bonded in shallow depressions in such blocks. High thermal conductivity of such blocks advantageously quickly conducts inductive heat from ferromagnetic layers into the blocks. For casting a slab of electrolytic anodes having aligned opposed protruding lugs, such chains include uniformly spaced lug-molding pocket blocks. Periodic induction heating of ferromagnetic layers on dam blocks of one chain or the other keeps pocket blocks aligned as revolving chains travel downstream along opposite sides of moving mold casting regions. Directly induction heating copper alloy dam blocks is very impractical. Therefore, ferromagnetic layers are thermally sprayed into depressions in blocks prior to assembling such chains.

Abstract: A non-rotating, belt-levitating, cylindrical air-pillow apparatus supports and guides a moving, tensed, flexible, heat-conductive casting belt along a convex, cylindrically shaped path toward an entrance into a continuous casting machine. Pressurized air is applied in belt-levitating relation to the inner surface of the casting belt moving along the path. Stationary belt-guiding elements define the path. Pressurized air is fed through throttling passages communicating with regions between stationary elements or communicating with outwardly facing stationary plateau surfaces. A cylinder shell supports the stationary elements and is adjacent to a plenum chamber feeding pressurized air through throttling passages in the shell. Stationary elements of suitable, durable, wear-resistant, slippery material are mounted in grooves in the shell. The air-pillow apparatus includes belt coolant application deflector or nozzles.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for continuously casting molten metal, wherein the apparatus comprises first and second endless belts and first and second edge dam block continuous belts disposed to form a casting region wherein molten metal can be cast into strip. The edge dam blocks have a length longer than the endless belts to form catenaries spaced from the first endless belt. The edge dam blocks are inductively heated with induction heaters disposed in the catenaries to avoid temperature shock to the edge dam blocks during the casting and to minimize undesirable heat losses.

Abstract: A caster including a device for delivering a gas into a space created by the apparatus that define the mold of the caster and the nozzle of the caster. Introducing a gas into the space resists backflowing and freezing of the molten metal to the nozzle. An associated method is also disclosed.

Abstract: Method and device for cooling belts of single or twin belt casters. The belt is cooled by a liquid which is contacted with the inner surface of the belt by a system of feed tubes and collection tubes. Liquid is passed out the feed tube, into a channel that communicates with the inner surface of the heated belt, the belt is cooled, and the liquid is removed through collection tubes with a vacuum assist.

Abstract: A metal strip is continuously cast between a pair of heat conductive endless belts which serve to form a molding zone to solidify molten metal. The endless belts remove heat from the molten metal and are cooled when the belts are not in contact with the molten metal, which minimizes belt distortion.

Abstract: The apparatus includes a chilling block and temperature measuring devices disposed in different positions. The output from the temperature measuring devices can be employed to provide ongoing control of cooling of the chilling block in x-, y- and/or z-directions.

Abstract: Steering, tensioning and driving a revolving metallic casting belt in continuous casting machines wherein the belt travels along a generally straight casting plane P. Two two-axis robotic mechanisms are positioned at opposite ends of an exit-pulley drum, each including a "floating" housing carrying a bearing rotatably supporting a journal at the respective drum end. A drive shaft connected to one of the journals rotates the drum for revolving the belt. The robotic mechanisms adjustably position opposite ends of a rotating drum in X--X plane parallel with plane P for tensioning the belt and in Y--Y plane perpendicular to plane P for steering the revolving belt. These robotic mechanisms are controlled to operate in any of several modes: (1) "Walking-tilt" steering keeps the belt much closer to an exiting product than prior art, the belt being flatter and in better contact with the product for improving casting speed and quality.

Abstract: The method includes the start up parameters are inputted into a device which controls the caster. Molten metal is cast in a moving mold and cooled by extracting heat from the moving mold, which in turn extracts heat from the molten metal. Casting parameters are obtained for a casting cycle and sent to the device which controls the cooling of the metal being cast. Data from one cycle is compared to data from a previous cycle and the cooling of the metal being cast is automatically controlled in response to the comparison of data.

Abstract: A continuous chain caster has upper and lower mold assemblies comprising endless belts and chains traveling at synchronized speeds. The mold assemblies meet to form a mold channel which is filled with molten metal from a headbox and feed tip. As the molten metal passes through the mold channel, the metal solidifies into the shape of the mold channel. Each belt is positioned outside the corresponding chain so that the smooth surface of the belt defines the surface of the mold channel thereby preventing the formation of fins between mold blocks which make up the chain, protecting the chain blocks, and neutralizing deformations in the chain blocks. The upper and lower blocks of the chains have protrusions at opposite ends which engage the opposing blocks to form the sides of the mold channel. By sliding the chains relative to each other, the width of the mold channel is adjustable.

Abstract: Permanent-magnetic hydrodynamic methods and apparatus stabilize a moving, flexible, thin-gauge, heat-conducting, magnetically soft ferromagnetic casting belt against thermal distortion while moving along a mold cavity being heated at its front surface by heat coming from molten metal being cast while being cooled at its reverse surface by flowing pumped liquid coolant. Hydro-magnetic devices are arranged in an array wherein flows of pumped coolant pass through fixedly throttling passageways feeding pressure pockets facing the belt's reverse surface. These pockets are shown rimmed by magnetic pole faces. Coolant issues from the pressure pockets as fast-moving films radiating therefrom and travelling in gaps between the belt's reverse surface and the pole faces.

Abstract: Wrought copper cathode starting sheets for use in the electrolytic production of copper made preferably by a continuous casting and rolling process are provided. Refined copper is melted in a shaft furnace and continuously cast preferably using a twin belt horizontal caster and straight line rolled to reduce the thickness of the casting by about 25% to 98% to produce a sheet having a thickness up to about 0.123 inch. The continuous sheet is cut after the rolling process from uncoiled sheet into discrete rectangular shapes suitable for use as a starting sheet, as a starting sheet blank or other metal sheet uses such as cladding and roofing.

Abstract: The caster includes a pair of movable opposed belts, each of the belts having a casting surface and a pair of movable opposed dam blocks including a plurality of dam blocks having one end mounted to an orbiting support and a casting surface opposite the mounted end. The casting surfaces of the belts and the casting surfaces of the dam blocks define a casting zone for solidifying the molten metal into cast metallic product. The caster also includes cooling plates/bars for cooling the belts while the belts pass through the casting zone.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for direct casting of metal alloys from molten metal to continuous sheet or strip product while synchronizing the speeds of the casting surface and driven rolls by providing a master-slave relationship for controlling the casting process.

Abstract: A method for making hollow workpieces such as beverage containers with a circular die in which an aluminum alloy is strip cast whereby the alloy is solidified rapidly without substantial precipitation. Thereafter, the aluminum alloy is formed into a cup which is drawn and passed through one or more dies to iron the walls of the cup and thereby lengthen the side walls thereof using at least one circular die having a die angle of less than about 6.degree.. It has been found that the use of such small die angles prevents or minimizes galling and tearoffs.

Abstract: A cooling system for a belt caster including at least one movable belt. The cooling system includes a plurality of rollers and a plurality of nozzles arranged between the rollers to deliver coolant to the belt. The rollers provide a rolling support surface upon which the belt may be supported and are constructed and arranged so that a maximum number of nozzles can be provided to deliver coolant to the belt of the caster. In another embodiment, the cooling system includes a cooling box having (i) a first chamber for receiving coolant from a coolant supply; (ii) supply tubes for delivering coolant from the first chamber to a second chamber defined by a cooling face of the cooling box and the cooling surface of the belt; and (iii) a third chamber for receiving coolant from the second chamber. Associated methods of casting a molten metal into a metal product are also disclosed.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process for the continuous casting of an austenitic stainless steel strip directly from liquid metal of composition, expressed in percentages by weight: C.ltoreq.0.08%, Si.ltoreq.1%; Mn.ltoreq.2%; P.ltoreq.0.045%; S.ltoreq.0.030%; Cr between 17.0 and 20.0%; Ni between 8.0 and 10.5% on a machine for casting onto one or between two moving walls whose external surface is provided with dimples and in which the region surrounding the meniscus is inerted with an inerting gas of controlled composition, wherein:a Cr.sub.equ /Ni.sub.equ ratio greater than 1.55 is conferred on said liquid metal, with:Cr.sub.equ =% Cr+1.37.times.% Mo+1.5.times.% Si+2.times.% Nb+3.times.% Ti andNi.sub.equ =% Ni+0.31.times.% Mn+22.times.% C+14.2.times.% N+% Cu;one or more moving walls are used whose entire surface includes touching dimples having a diameter of between 100 and 1500 .mu.m and a depth of between 20 and 150 .mu.

Abstract: The assembly is designed for transferring molten metal from a molten metal reservoir to a mold for casting molten metal. The assembly comprises a casting nozzle having an electrically conductive top wall and bottom wall and two side walls joined to the top wall and the bottom wall to form a passage therebetween for flowing molten metal from the reservoir to the mold, the top wall having a first outside surface and the bottom wall having a second outside surface. An inductive heater is positioned on at least one of the first surface and the second surface, the inductive heater positioned to heat the top wall and bottom wall. A layer of insulation is provided between the inductive heater and the first and second surfaces. A magnetic shield is provided to partially surround the inductive heater, the shield positioned to direct magnetic flux into the nozzle.

Abstract: The side dam is movably mounted to the caster so that it can be securely sealed against the nozzle to resist molten metal in the mold from leaking between the nozzle and the side dam. An adjustment system adjusts the pressure of the side dam against the nozzle in order to insure a tight secure seal of the side dam against the nozzle while at the same time adjusting the pressure of the side dam against the nozzle so that excessive undesired frictional wear of the nozzle is avoided.

Abstract: The side dam includes a frame, an orbiting chain and a plurality of elements connected to the chain. The elements each include a carrier connected to the chain and a block mounted to the carrier. The element further includes a spring or other biasing member for urging the block to bow toward an outer edge of the solidifying molten metal in the mold.

Abstract: This invention proposes a continuous casting method for austenitic stainless steel capable of simultaneously establishing productivity and an excellent surface quality of steel sheet. For this purpose, the invention lies in a method of continuously casting austenitic stainless steel by pouring melt of austenitic stainless steel from a tundish through an immersion nozzle into a continuously casting mold of a continuous slab caster, solidifying it in the mold and continually drawing the resulting slab of given size out from the mold, characterized in that a high-speed continuous casting is carried out so as to satisfy a relation of casting speed, superheating degree of molten steel in the tundish, sectional area of discharge port in the immersion nozzle and slab width represented by the following equation:0.30.ltoreq.V.sup.0.58 .multidot.W.sup.-0.04 .multidot..DELTA.T.multidot.d.sup.-0.96 .ltoreq.0.85whereinV: casting speed (m/min)W: slab width (mm).DELTA.T: superheating degree of molten steel in tundish (.

Abstract: The strip casting plant has a casting nozzle (10) displaceable in the direction of flow (F) of the liquid metal and adjustable perpendicular to this, to supply liquid metal to the adjustable roller gap (30) between rotating dies (26, 28). The casting nozzle (10) consists of an upper and a lower nozzle element (14, 16) and in vertical strip casting plants a left and a right nozzle element (14, 16) mounted on a melt distribution trough, and two side limiters which form a slot-like outlet opening (20) for the liquid metal. One or both of the nozzle elements (14, 16) is adjustable at least in the area of the outlet opening (20). On operation of the strip casting plant, the casting nozzle (10) is advanced at the start with outlet opening (20) in start position (S) and then withdrawn to work position (W), where the outlet opening (20) is expanded under adaptation to the casting rollers (26, 28).

Abstract: The caster includes a pair of movable opposed belts, each of the belts having a casting surface and a pair of movable opposed dam blocks including a plurality of dam blocks having one end mounted to an orbiting support and a casting surface opposite the mounted end. The casting surfaces of the belts and the casting surfaces of the dam blocks define a bar casting zone for solidifying the molten metal into metallic bar. The caster also includes cooling bars for cooling the belts while the belts pass through the bar casting zone.

Abstract: A caster including at least one belt driving and guiding system for driving and guiding a movable belt through a casting zone where molten metal is cast. The belt driving and guiding system includes a first coil having an axis of rotation, the first coil being positioned relative to the caster such that the first coil can be moved so that its axis of rotation is spaced generally parallel to its axis of rotation before it was moved. The belt driving and guiding system also includes a second coil. In this way, the movable belt can be alternately uncoiled and coiled from the first coil and the second coil without having to dismount either the first or second coil from the caster. An associated method of casting molten metal is also disclosed.

Abstract: A cooling system for a belt caster including at least one movable belt. The cooling system includes a plurality of rollers and a plurality of nozzles arranged between the rollers to deliver coolant to the belt. The rollers provide a rolling support surface upon which the belt may be supported and are constructed and arranged so that a maximum number of nozzles can be provided to deliver coolant to the belt of the caster. In another embodiment, the cooling system includes a cooling box having (i) a first chamber for receiving coolant from a coolant supply; (ii) supply tubes for delivering coolant from the first chamber to a second chamber defined by a cooling face of the cooling box and the cooling surface of the belt; and (iii) a third chamber for receiving coolant from the second chamber. Associated methods of casting a molten metal into a metal product are also disclosed.

Abstract: A layer of liquid parting agent, and any solid detritus contained therein, is completely removed from a casting surface of a rotating belt after contact with molten metal. A new layer of liquid parting agent is applied to the casting surface thereafter and prior to renewed contact with the molten metal. The removal of used parting agent and the application of fresh helps to prevent the formation of surface blemishes and defects on the cast metal strip product. Such blemishes and defects can also be minimized by using an injector having a flexible tip used to inject the molten metal onto the casting surface and preferably one or more spacers to create a gap between the tip and the casting surface itself. The spacer is preferably a screen of wire strands orientated to minimize disruption of the new layer of liquid parting agent applied to the casting surface. By avoiding disruption of the new layer of liquid parting agent, surface blemishes on the cast product are minimized.

Abstract: A continuous chain caster has upper and lower mold assemblies comprising endless belts and chains traveling at synchronized speeds. The mold assemblies meet to form a mold channel which is filled with molten metal from a headbox and feed tip. As the molten metal passes through the mold channel, the metal solidifies into the shape of the mold channel. Each belt is positioned outside the corresponding chain so that the smooth surface of the belt defines the surface of the mold channel thereby preventing the formation of fins between mold blocks which make up the chain, protecting the chain blocks, and neutralizing deformations in the chain blocks. The upper and lower blocks of the chains have protrusions at opposite ends which engage the opposing blocks to form the sides of the mold channel. By sliding the chains relative to each other, the width of the mold channel is adjustable.