Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a device for the electromagnetic stirring of electrically conductive fluids in the liquid state and/or in the state of onsetting solidification of the fluid, using a rotating magnetic field that is produced in the horizontal plane of a Lorentz force. The aim is to achieve an intensive three-dimensional flow on the inside of the fluid for mixing in the liquid state up to the direct vicinity of solidifying fronts, and to simultaneously ensure an undisturbed, free surface of the fluid. The solution is to change the direction of rotation of the magnetic field rotating in the horizontal plane at regular time intervals in the form of a period duration, wherein the frequency of the directional change of movement of the magnetic field vector is adjusted such that in the state of mixing the liquid fluid a period duration is adjusted between two directional changes of the magnetic field during a time interval as a function of the adjustment time with the condition (I) 0.5·ti.

Abstract: A method for producing a cast metal piece and a cast metal piece are provided. An information element includes at least one piece of information. The information element is produced from a magnetizable material and the information is deposited n the magnetizable material and is cast into the information element during casting of the price, the casting temperature being above the Curie temperature of the magnetizable material of the information element.

Abstract: Described herein is a method of selectively depositing molten bulk metallic glass (BMG). In one embodiment, a continuous stream or discrete droplets of molten BMG is deposited to selected positions. The deposition can be repeated as needed layer by layer. One or more layers of non-BMG can be used as needed.

Abstract: Methods for producing pigs made of a metal alloy, wherein initially a melt is formed in which a basic material and one or several alloy components are present in the liquid state, from which the pigs are formed. In the course of cooling, energy in the form of a variable field, which increases the formation of mixed crystals, is briefly introduced into the melt prior to the formation of the pigs. A pig thereby produced is a cast piece formed from a basic material and one or several alloy components and has been formed from a melt into which energy had been briefly introduced by a variable physical field in order to increase mixed crystal formation.

Abstract: A mirror or mirror assembly fabricated by molding, pressing, assembling, or depositing one or more bulk metal glass (BMG), bulk metal glass composite (BMGMC), or amorphous metal (AM) parts and where the optical surface and backing of the mirror can be fabricated without machining or polishing by utilizing the unique molding capabilities of this class of materials.

Abstract: A casting system, mold, and method are disclosed for electromagnetically stirring sand castings. In an embodiment, the casting mold includes a mold body having a cavity therein, and a passageway fluidly connecting the cavity with an exterior of the mold body. The passageway allows for introduction of a molten metal into the cavity. The mold body further includes at least one induction coil embedded in a cope of the mold body; and at least one induction coil embedded in a drag of the mold body. The induction coils are configured to generate an electromagnetic field for stirring a molten metal casting while it solidifies inside the mold.

Abstract: Provided is a galvanized steel sheet having a tensile strength of 770 MPa or more including a steel sheet portion, and a plated layer formed on the surface of the steel sheet portion, in which the plated layer is a galvanized plated layer or an galvannealed plated layer, the steel sheet portion has a soft layer that directly adjoins the interface with the plated layer and an inside layer that is other than the soft layer, the thickness D of soft layer is 0.001% to 5% of thickness t of the steel sheet portion, and, when the hardness of the soft layer measured by nano-indentation method is indicated by H1, and the representative hardness of the steel sheet portion measured by the nano-indentation method is indicated by Ha in cross section that goes along the thickness direction of the steel sheet portion, H1 is 5% to 75% of Ha.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for controlling of the microstructures of a soldered, brazed, welded, plated, cast, or vapor deposited manufactured component. The systems typically use relatively weak magnetic fields of either constant or varying flux to affect material properties within a manufactured component, typically without modifying the alloy, or changing the chemical composition of materials or altering the time, temperature, or transformation parameters of a manufacturing process. Such systems and processes may be used with components consisting of only materials that are conventionally characterized as be uninfluenced by magnetic forces.

Abstract: A method of forming a brake rotor includes forming a plurality of metal insert portions. Each insert portion includes an inner side and an outer side with a plurality of attachment members coupled to the inner side. The method also includes positioning the plurality of insert portions into a mold such that the inner side of one of the plurality of insert portions faces the inner side of another one of the insert portions. The method also includes introducing a molten aluminum into the mold such that the molten aluminum contacts the inner side of each insert portion. The method further includes forming a mechanical bond between the aluminum and at least a portion of at least one of the inserts.

Abstract: A magnetic field interactive material being part of a machine component or mechanism utilizing magnetic or electro-magnetic field forces in said components operation and comprising specifically located magnetic particles incorporated into a non homogeneous amalgamation within the matrix or structural matrix of primarily a metal material differing from that of the magnetic particles therein forming an integrated component possessing magnetic field interactive capabilities, allowing such magnetic field interactive components to have a wide array of uses one of which is associated with Hybrid and Electric Vehicles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic strip, wherein the strip has a magnetic easy axis which is axially parallel to a transverse axis of the strip. The strip is cut to length, from strip material made of a semi-hard magnetic crystalline alloy, along a transverse axis of the strip material substantially corresponding to a length (l) of the strip. The strip material has a magnetic easy axis which runs axially parallel to the transverse axis of the strip material.

Abstract: A method of forming a brake rotor includes forming a plurality of metal insert portions. Each insert portion includes an inner side and an outer side with a plurality of attachment members coupled to the inner side. The method also includes positioning the plurality of insert portions into a mold such that the inner side of one of the plurality of insert portions faces the inner side of another one of the insert portions. The method also includes introducing a molten aluminum into the mold such that the molten aluminum contacts the inner side of each insert portion. The method further includes forming a mechanical bond between the aluminum and at least a portion of at least one of the inserts.

Abstract: A method for producing a cast metal piece and a cast metal piece are provided. An information element includes at least one piece of information. The information element is produced from a magnetizable material and the information is deposited n the magnetizable material and is cast into the information element during casting of the price, the casting temperature being above the Curie temperature of the magnetizable material of the information element.

Abstract: Methods for producing pigs made of a metal alloy, wherein initially a melt is formed in which a basic material and one or several alloy components are present in the liquid state, from which the pigs are formed. According to the invention, in the course of cooling, energy, which increases the formation of mixed crystals, is briefly introduced into the melt by means of a variable field prior to the formation of the pigs. A pig according to the invention is a cast piece formed from a basic material and one or several alloy components and has been formed from a melt into which energy had been briefly introduced by means of a variable physical field in order to increase mixed crystal formation.

Abstract: A method for producing a sintered magnet comprising steps of; wet-pulverizing a magnetic powder under the presence of a surface active agent, drying said wet-pulverized magnetic powder 20 for obtaining magnetic powder to which said surface active agent is adhered, heating and kneading said dried magnetic powder 20 with binder resin to form pellet, melting said pellet and injecting said pellet in a mold to which magnetic field is applied, to form a preform body, and firing said preform body.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with the productions of unidirectionally solidified castings and remelting-processed ingots such as ESR or VAR, which has paid special attention to the liquid flow phenomena within solid-liquid coexisting phase (mushy phase) during solidification, and made it clear for the first time that by applying high static magnetic field onto the whole mushy phase, the extremely slow interdendritic liquid flow responsible for the formation of macrosegregation can be suppressed, and thereby that the macrosegregation such as freckles can completely be eliminated. Thus, this invention provides with a novel casting technology for producing high quality castings and ingots without macrosegregation.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention includes a method including providing an insert, wherein at least a portion of the insert is attracted to a magnet; providing a mold including a first mold portion, a second mold portion, and a magnet having at least a portion thereof in or adjacent to at least one of the first mold portion or the second mold portion; positioning the insert in one of the mold portions such that the at least one magnet at least assists in holding the insert in place; and closing the mold and casting a molten material into the mold and around or adjacent to at least a portion of the insert and solidifying the material.

Abstract: A mold assembly device for use in sand casting of engine cylinder blocks is disclosed, the mold assembly device includes a magnet for securing a cast-in-place cylinder bore liner during assembly of a mold package, wherein the magnet militates against undesirable movement of the bore liner during assembly of the mold package.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making sand particle foundry mold members. Sand particles are coated with an aqueous dispersion of a suitable binder material such as a gelatin gel. The moist gelatin coated particles are gravity fed into a pattern box for the mold member and subjected to multi-axis vibration to pack the sand in the pattern box. The moist sand is then heated with radio frequency energy to promote binder flow to the corners of the particles, and air flow is initiated to transport water from the mass of particles to harden the mass of particles into the mold member.

Abstract: A given magnetic field and a given wave are applied to a conductive fluid so as to satisfy the relations of:

Abstract: Device and corresponding method for the continuous casting of molten materials, comprising a vertical duct having the shape of a funnel made of refractory material for receiving molten material, and a second duct where the molten material is cooled off, the two ducts being set one on top of the other and being axially aligned. The molten material is injected into the channel, around a stretch of which electromagnetic means are set for generating magnetic forces on the molten material, the said means consisting of a plurality of windings of electrically conductive material and of a ferromagnetic core and may be electrically supplied to produce a magnetic flux along the direction of the channel, thus producing a set of forces acting on the molten material which are directed orthogonally with respect to the direction of the said magnetic flux so as to maintain detachment of the outer surface of the molten material from the walls of the channel.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of forming balls includes a metering device 2, a melting device 14 and a cooling device 20. The metering device 14 stamps a desired volume of solid material in the form of a slug 12 which passes through the melting device 14 where it is caused to levitate and transform state from a solid to a molten liquid. The molten liquid material 13 is released from the melting device 14 and descends through the cooling device 20 where it transforms state once again from a molten material to a solid material while maintaining a ball shape. A forming gas is passed over the molten material 13 in a direction opposite to the falling molten material 13. The balls 15 are finally cooled in a cooling bath 32.

Abstract: A method for directional solidification (DS) of a molten material, and an apparatus therefor. The method generally entails the use of a container having a base and peripheral wall that define an interior of the container, an induction coil for heating the contents of the container and generating an electromagnetic field, and means for controllably separating the container from the heating means and the electromagnetic field, such as by withdrawing the container from the heating means and electromagnetic field. Using such an apparatus, a material is heated within the container to yield a melt that is substantially prevented from contacting the wall of the container as a result of being at least partially levitated by the electromagnetic field. The container is then separated, e.g.

Abstract: Twin roll casting of metal strip by introducing molten metal between chilled casting rolls (16) to form casting pool supported on the rolls and confined by refractory end closures (56), and rotating the rolls (16) so as to cast a solidified strip delivered downwardly from the nip between the rolls (16). Prior to casting refractory end closures (56) are preheated by positioning adjacent their inner faces a pair of metal plates (130) and exposing those plates to electromagnetic fields to cause them to rise in temperature and so heat the closures (56). Plates (130) have hooked top flanges (131) for location on the refractory end closures (56).

Abstract: A method for making ceramic, micro-electromechanical tools which can be used for the production of micromagnets with a multi-pole, micro-polarization pattern.

Abstract: Method for producing metal matrix composites. The method includes the steps of placing a substantially liquid metal in the vicinity of a reinforcement material and in the vicinity of the source of a transient magnetic field sufficient to produce an electromagnetic body force within the metal. The magnetic field is activated thereby propelling the substantially liquid metal into the reinforcement material thereby producing metal matrix composites.

Abstract: A die casting process, and a die casting apparatus make it possible to produce high-quality cast products, which little involve gas defects, with simplified constructions, such as an electromagnetic induction coil disposed around a plunger sleeve, and a contractible container disposed movably in a plunger sleeve. With these simplified constructions, a molten metal is localized on a side of a retracted plunger chip disposed in the plunger sleeve. Accordingly, when the retracted plunger chip is advanced, only gases, contained in the plunger sleeve, can be transferred to a cavity of a mold at first, and thereafter the localized molten metal can be injected into the cavity. Thus, it is possible to effectively inhibit the molten metal from involving the gases.

Abstract: (Object) IF-based, continuously cast slab essentially freed from defects such as surface defects, difficult production and poor strength, etc. of the product that the IF-based sheet steels have; sheet steels and a process for producing the same are provided.(Structure) A continuously cast slab of extremely low carbon steel comprising not more than 1.5% by mass of Si, not more than 2.0% by mass of Mn, not ore than 0.15% by mass of P, 0.01-0.15% by mass of Al, and not more than 0.0050% by mass of N, where the surface layer further contains 0.01-0.08% by mass of C existing as a cementite and the inner layer further contains not more than 0.0050% by mass of C, and at least one of 0.02-0.10% by mass of Ti, 0.01-0.10% by mass of Nb, 0.02-0.10% by mass of V and 0.03-0.10% by mass of Zr, the carbon existing substantially as carbides of these elements, preferably both the surface layer and the inner layer further contain 0.0001-0.

Abstract: A process for continuously casting steel slabs employing a molten steel containing an oxygen concentration of 30 ppm or less, preferably, 20 ppm or less, using a straight immersion nozzle to which an inert gas is not injected, and disposing a static magnetic field generator on the back surface of the mold for applying the strong static magnetic field to the molten steel within the mold, thereby restricting the flow of the molten steel. With this process, it is possible to prevent the nozzle blocking, and hence to obtain the steel slabs excellent in the internal and surface qualities.

Abstract: Molten metal passing through an outlet opening is guided in free fall by a magnetic field which rotates about the vertical axis of the opening to impress a rotation in the stream of molten metal. A further magnetic field rotating at the same rate but out of phase with the first can increase the rotation. At least one toroidal magnetic field coaxial with the rotating field can be used to shape the cross section of the pouring stream.

Abstract: A thin metal wire having a circular cross section is produced by a method which comprises spouting molten metal through a spinning nozzle and bringing the resultant flow of molten metal into contact with a layer of liquid cooling medium formed on a grooved conveyor belt in motion thereby quenching and solidifying the flow of molten metal. This method is capable of continuously producing a thin metal wire of high quality economically on a commercial scale. It is highly effective in directly producing a thin metal wire having an amorphous, non-equilibrium crystalline, or microcrystalline structure.

Abstract: The mold is rotated during casting while projecting at least one traveling magnetic stirring field tangentially into the melt so as to rotate melt to the mold speed.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, utilizing electromagnetic levitation, for producing low density, porous metal structures and hollow metallic spheres, using particulate material as a starting point. As an initial step, a porous article of sufficient green strength to be substantially self-supporting is formed of a particulate material containing at least one electrically-conductive metal. The green porous article is subjected to an electromagnetic field which has a field strength and frequency sufficient to levitate the green article in space against the force of gravity, and which has a frequency sufficient to induce in the article an eddy current of such intensity to produce heat sufficient to melt the electrically conductive metal, thereby entrapping the pores of the green article and any gases or non-electrically conductive particulate material contained therein. The next steps vary, depending on whether a porous metal structure or a hollow metallic sphere is to be produced.

Abstract: A flux concentrator is disclosed for generating a strong magnetic field. An inductor is provided for generating a primary magnetic field which is weaker than the strong magnetic field. A concentrator body has a hollow interior for receiving material to be acted upon by the strong magnetic field. The body is located within the primary magnetic field and shields the primary magnetic field from the hollow interior. A flux concentrator device is positioned within the hollow interior and has a slot extending therethrough. The flux concentrator device is coupled to the primary field for generating the strong magnetic field within the slot. Structure is provided to vary the size of the slot while the strong magnetic field is being generated in the slot.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a piston for internal combustion engines which utilize a core molding or casting system for forming a hollow chamber for the passage of cooling oil therethrough. The manufacturing method includes the steps of preparing a core so as to have at least a first and second foot portion extending therefrom; inserting a bar member made of magnetic materials within each of the first and second foot portions; positioning at least one permanent magnet on a core box; and fixing the core to the core box via the bar members due to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet.