Abstract: The compound roll having a shell portion made of a hard, high-alloy cast steel or iron having excellent wear resistance and resistance to surface roughening and a core portion made of a tough cast iron or cast steel, the cast iron of the shell portion having a composition consisting essentially, by weight ratio, of 1.0-3.0% of C, 2.0% or less of Si, 2.0% or less of Mn, 2.0-15.0% of Cr, 10.0% or less of Mo, 2.0-8.0% of V, the balance being substantially Fe and inevitable impurities, an average diameter of crystal grains constituting a matrix of the metal structure of the shell portion being 100 .mu.m or less in a range from a surface to a depth of 50 mm when determined by an image analysis method on the crystal grains having diameters exceeding 30 .mu.m, and the crystal grains satisfying the formula: m.sub.2 .ltoreq.1.2 m.sub.1, wherein m.sub.1 is an average diameter of the crystal grains at the surface of the shell portion, and m.sub.

Abstract: The back and the braking body of the brake shoe are both formed as cast iron elements. The brake shoe, mainly consisting of molded parts, allows a particularly rational manufacture by casting operations or as a composite casting in one and the same casting mold, the casting mold being divided into casting cavities for the back and the braking body by a steel sheet. Cast-in steel reinforcements may be provided as well.

Abstract: A process for producing a laminated material for slide elements including at least one backing layer and at least one functional layer of a material frozen in the amorphous state and the backing layer.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, a compound aluminium alloy engine block casting comprises at least a piston-travel region of a cylinder wall section formed of a first alloy, preferably hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy, and a remainder including a crankcase section and a water jacket wall formed of a distinct second alloy, preferably hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy. The engine block casting is made by a lost foam process that employs an expendable pattern formed of expanded polystyrene or the like. The pattern comprises a first runner system for casting the first alloy to decompose and replace a portion of the pattern corresponding to the piston-travel region of the casting, and a second runner system for casting the second alloy to decompose and replace the remainder of the pattern. The first alloy and the second alloy are independently but concurrently cast into a singular mold, such that the entire pattern is duplicated, whereupon the alloys merge and fuse to form an integral casting.

Abstract: A thermoelectric cooling design of the type having a nonconducting substrate mounting thermoelectric coolers is improved. Provisions for a flexible can and improved heat dissipation from the thermoelectric coolers are provided. For improved thermal response, the refrigerated vacuum can is provided with thin walls of high purity aluminum with the result that deformation of the wall surface, especially the bottom wall surface can occur both with respect to installation. A plurality of can heat sinks are placed on the walls of the can to form a unitary and locally rigid side wall to the can at the point of attachment. At least one thermoelectric cooler is communicated to the can heat sinks at a first side for receiving heat energy from the can. A second discharge heat sink is communicated to each thermoelectric cooler for dissipating heat energy from both the can and the thermoelectric cooler.

Abstract: A process for producing a hollow metal cast product having a desired interior contour is provided. The process comprises the steps of preparing a first lost model having an outer contour substantially corresponding to a desired interior contour of the finished product, depositing a metallic or ceramic material or a mixture thereof over the surface of said first lost model by spraying to form a layer defining a hollow core block, placing said hollow core block in a first mold, pouring or injecting a material for forming a second lost mold into said first mold to form a second lost model, coating a refractory material over said second lost model to form a second mold for casting, removing second lost mold to form a cavity, casting a molten metal or alloy into said cavity, and staving said second mold to take out a finished product.

Abstract: A cooling plate made up of three sections with expansion gaskets set at the boundaries thereof is produced by separate casting of molten metal into a foundry mold. Prior to pouring molten metal into the mold, partitions with the expansion gaskets are set in the mold to form molding cavities required to produce three sections, namely: an intermediate section and sections with protruded portions of the cooling pipes. The intermediate section may be likewise divided into several portions.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a nozzle for a combustor in, for example, a hydrogen producing plant. A mold is prepared from a material forming a nozzle body, and an alloy forming a covering layer is cast into the mold. The resulting combination of the material and the alloy is machined into a predetermined nozzle shape in which the covering layer covers the nose of the nozzle body.

Abstract: A centrifugal casting high in an easily oxidized element achieved by casting a high melting point metal on to an easily oxidized metal of lower melting point. The desirable distribution of the oxidizable element through the cross section of a casting is achieved relying on the basic effect of centrifugal separation.

Abstract: A composite article and method of forming the same wherein an inner casting is separated from an outer casting by an insulative portion defining the pattern for the outer surface of the inner casting and the pattern for the inner surface of the outer casting. The insulative portion is captured between the castings to define a thermal barrier therebetween. The castings are formed by gasifying an expendable gasifiable pattern corresponding to the inner and outer castings, respectively. The patterns are assembled with the insulative portion of the article disposed therebetween and a mold is formed about the assembled patterns and insulative portion. Upon pouring of molten casting metal into the mold, the expendable patterns are gasified into the mold, permitting the inner and outer portions of the article to be cast about the insulative portion to form the desired final composite article.

Abstract: A method of forming, by melt-spinning techniques, a laminated ribbon structure consisting, for example, of a semiconductor disposed on a metal ribbon substrate. The substrate may be 10-100 .mu.m thick and the semiconductor may be 10-100 .mu.m thick, for example; typically the ribbon width is about one millimeter to several centimeters.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of casting metal in a rotary mould or die under the protection of an inertizing atmosphere formed by a liquefied gas. In the mould or die, successive casting operations are performed with different metals while maintaining an infeed of liquefied gas during each of these casting operations and while the metal involved is solidifying, until an end product is obtained which is formed from a plurality of layers of different metals. The invention is applicable in particular, but not exclusively, to the production of centrifugally cast tubes and rolling-mill rolls.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of manufacturing a large-sized centrifugally cast composit roll for use in a rolling mill capable of preventing deterioration of a connecting portion of a lower pouring sprue to a mold assembly of shaft portion lower mold while upper and lower metal pouring are simultaneously practisized and also of obtaining uniform thickness of the outer shell.The disclosure also relates to a device for disposing the lower side pouring sprue runner used in the method.

Abstract: Cylinders for lithographic printing machines having hard, non-porous surfaces are made without plating by forming a thin stainless steel sheet into a cylindrical shape and disposing it against the wall of a cylindrical mould. Cast iron is poured into the mould at temperatures substantially in excess of normal casting temperatures to bond with the stainless steel sheet. The surface is then ground and polished. Preferably the stainless steel is initially provided with a thin plating of copper on its inner surface to enhance the bond.

Abstract: A system for balancing a rotary element involving two or more materials of different melting temperatures normally fixed in position relative to the rotary element. Heating of the materials first to a point above the highest melting temperature followed by cooling at optimum balance then reheating to a point above the next highest melting point followed by cooling at optimum balance and repeating the procedure for each material results in vernier balancing action, the masses of the various materials being selected to predetermine their effect on balance.

Abstract: A method of making a compound roll of the type having a shell portion of a material that has a high hardness and wear resistance and a core portion forming the center core and neck sections of a material that has a low alloy content and a relatively low hardness so as to be highly resistant to breakage, which method comprises the steps of precasting the shell portion in the form of a hollow cylinder having the desired external and thickness dimensions, setting the shell portion on top of a neck forming mold section with the longitudinal axes of the shell portion and the mold section extending vertically, positioning an electrode of an electro-slag melting unit within the interior of the shell portion and the neck mold section, the electrode being made of material which in the remelted and subsequent resolidified condition will have the desired properties for the center core and neck sections, and passing electric current through the electrode to cause melting thereof to progressively fill the mold section and