Abstract: In one embodiment, a thermal energy storage system includes a first cascade containing a first phase change material and a second cascade containing a second phase change material, wherein the melting point of the first phase change material is different than the melting point of the second phase material.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention utilize the geothermal energy exchanger and battery (GEEB) to recover and store thermal energy from the dwelling, from the ground, and from the Earth's atmosphere, reuse the thermal energy in another season of the year, and consume electrical energy to heat and cool the structure at electrical Off Peak time periods. The GEEB may be constructed of a compact steel, ribbed and waterproof permanent container that is set at a depth beneath the surface of the ground where the normal soil temperature is virtually constant year round. The container can then be encased in poured concrete, with the exception of piping or conduits. The container is then filled with a heat transfer fluid so that the entire thermal mass of the GEEB and heat transfer fluid reaches the ambient ground temperature and efficiently couples the load and source sides of a heating and cooling system.

Abstract: A thermal energy storage and recovery device includes a heat exchanger arrangement for guiding a flow of a heat transfer medium between first and second ends thereof, and a heat storage material surrounding it, forming thermal interaction region between the heat transfer medium and the heat storage material. The heat exchanger arrangement transports the heat transfer medium from the first end to the second end when the heat storage material receives thermal energy from the heat transfer medium, and transports the heat transfer medium from the second end to the first end when the heat storage material releases thermal energy to the heat transfer medium. A controller operates the device such that that when storing or recovering thermal energy to or from the heat transfer medium within the device there exists a region where the inlet and outlet temperature of the heat transfer medium of this region is kept constant.

Abstract: A device 1 for cooling hot liquid food items to drinking temperature comprising a cooling system 2 containing a coolant 19 with a cooling line 13 and an inflow for the hot liquid and an outflow for the cooled liquid. The device includes at least one filling vessel 3 connectable with its opening 5 to the end side of the cooling system containing the inflow to the cooling system. For connecting the filling vessel to the cooling system, each of the two parts includes complementarily cooperating connection elements 9, such that for the process of cooling a virtual unit can be formed, and as a function of the defined quantity of liquid flowing from the filling vessel into the inflow of the cooling system, and the temperature and of the quantity of the coolant, the liquid flows from the outflow of the cooling system at a temperature specified within narrow limits.

Abstract: A heat storage device keeps engine coolant hot during operating pauses of the engine allowing quick heating during a cold start of the engine. The capacity of the heat storage device for coolant is twice as large as the capacity for coolant of the coolant circulation system and the engine. An inflow line, an outflow line and a ventilation line pass through the bottom of the heat storage device and are heat insulated on the inside of the heat storage device. Hot coolant from the heat storage device is transferred in two portions into the cold engine. The second portion is transferred when the rising temperature of the metal motor mass has come close to the falling temperature of the first portion of coolant that was circulating in the engine. The heat storage device includes outer and inner containers with a high vacuum in the insulating space between the containers.

Abstract: A heat recycling system for a high-temperature exhaust gas contains a body having a combustion space, at least one burning device, and a storing device; characterized in that: the combustion space is connected with an exhaust pipe; the burning device is coupled with a heat recycling blower and a gas control valve; the storing device is secured on a distal end of the exhaust pipe and is comprised of a second control valve, a first store tank, and a second store tank; the second control valve is disposed on the exhaust pipe of the body and includes two output ends which connect with a gas guiding tube and a second guiding tube respectively; the first store tank is coupled with the gas guiding tube and is connected with a first check valve and a second check valve, the gas check valve is coupled with a first gas-exhausting blower.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chemical thermal energy storage material structure, including a granular chemical thermal energy storage material, a clay mineral having a layered ribbon structure, and a complex metal silicate that is generated by a reaction between the above-mentioned chemical thermal energy storage material and the above-mentioned clay mineral and that includes at least one type of alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: Thermal energy storage devices, systems, and thermal energy storage device monitoring methods are described. According to one aspect, a thermal energy storage device includes a reservoir configured to hold a thermal energy storage medium, a temperature control system configured to adjust a temperature of the thermal energy storage medium, and a state observation system configured to provide information regarding an energy state of the thermal energy storage device at a plurality of different moments in time.

Abstract: The invention provides a heat retention barrel and a vertical heat treatment apparatus provided with the heat retention barrel. The heat retention barrel is used for supporting the wafer boat and comprises a barrel body and a barrel base. The external rim of the bottom of the barrel body is located within the upper surface of the barrel base. The pollution of the particles in the heat retention barrel to the reaction chamber of the vertical heat treatment apparatus can be eliminated through the portion of the upper surface of the barrel base outside the external rim. The selection of the materials for the heat retention barrel can increase the heat retention and heat insulation effects as well as the use safety.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention is a thermosiphon vessel for storing seasonal environment energy in the ground. The thermosiphon includes: a fluid vessel comprising a heat exchange tube, configured to contain a working fluid, and further configured to receive a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet; a wicking material arranged within the fluid vessel and configured to retain liquid-state working fluid substantially adjacent an inner wall of the heat exchange tube; a fluid level sensor arranged within the fluid vessel and configured to determine the level of liquid-state working fluid therein; and a pump arranged within the fluid vessel and configured to maintain the level of liquid-state working fluid below a threshold level within the fluid vessel. The pump is operable between an energy capture mode to absorb thermal energy from an above-ground heat source and an energy release mode to release thermal energy to an above-ground heat sink.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for removing thermal energy from power plant heat engines, storing, and then recovering the stored energy. The removed or stored thermal energy can raise the enthalpy of lower temperature heat sources for utilization in electric power generating plants. Included also are systems and methods for integrating and cascading multistage thermal energy storage to supply multiple heat users at different temperatures. The methods apply to power plants utilizing thermal energy from concentrated solar thermal energy collectors, fuel-fired heaters, or gas turbine-generator heat recovery units. Several embodiments use the stored energy to extend solar thermal power plant operation, particularly the bottom power cycle.

Abstract: Disclosed is an energy handling system including an energy storage device, which includes a Phase Change Material for absorbing and temporarily storing thermal energy, which has been provided by an energy source, and a heat extraction element for extracting thermal energy from the Phase Change Material. The energy handling system further includes an energy conversion device, which is operatively connected to the heat extraction element and which is capable of converting thermal energy into electric energy.

Abstract: A regenerative heat exchanger for transferring heat from the exhaust gas to the intake working fluid of a prime mover and from the pressurized working fluid to the exhaust vapor of a heat pump. Application is especially useful in a system in which liquid air or nitrogen made by a heat pump provides compression cooling for a gas turbine prime mover. The heat exchanger employs circulating element heat transfer surface such as wire belts or ceramic balls, which circulate in turn through working fluid exhaust and intake channels while absorbing and rejecting heat between the two channels. Effectiveness exceeding 98% increases thermal efficiency of small low-pressure ratio gas turbines.

Abstract: Method and device for drying a water-containing substance using an air stream by: heating the air stream in a first heat exchanger (1) by direct contact between the air stream and a first portion of the water-containing substance; separating the heated air stream into a first and a second air stream; heating the second air stream in a heating unit (3); drying a second portion of the water-containing substance in a drying unit (5) by direct contact between the heated second air stream and the second portion of the water-containing substance; cooling the second air stream to the temperature level of the first cooling liquid in a second heat exchanger (201a) using a first cooling liquid; mixing the cooled second air stream and the first air stream in a mixing unit; cooling the mixed air stream by means of a second cooling liquid in a third heat exchanger (201b).

Abstract: A thermally insulated enclosure manufactured in pre-assembled or kit form, and constructed of prefabricated insulated sandwich panels, or structural insulated sandwich panels in some embodiments, rated for relatively high operating temperatures and designed for the storage of thermal energy in solid phase particulate storage medium or media at up to 125 deg C. and possibly higher. Said energy storage medium or media will typically be sand, gravel, or other powder or granulated material, or combination thereof, and optionally some proportion of phase change material. Said insulated enclosure is designed to accommodate a variety of heat transfer device designs in storing solar energy and off-peak-generated electric energy. The primary applications for the invention are expected to be in domestic hot water heating, space heating, and process heating, however in addition the thermal energy retained in the enclosure can also be used in powering the refrigeration cycle in some space cooling systems.

Abstract: A device for the intermediate storage of thermal energy and to a system comprising a plurality of such devices is provided. The device has a solids store and a pipe system, which is formed of individual pipes and runs through the solids store and through which an energy carrier medium flows. In order to be able to quickly and uniformly charge the solids store with thermal energy or discharge thermal energy therefrom, heat conducting elements are provided, each forming heat transmission regions with the individual pipes and each extending into the regions of the solids store that are free of individual pipes. The heat conducting elements also have a higher heat conductivity than the solids store.

Abstract: Apparatus (1) for storing energy includes a high pressure storage vessel (10) for receiving high pressure gas, the high pressure storage vessel (10) including a high pressure heat store including a first chamber housing a first gas-permeable heat storage structure (14); and a low pressure storage vessel (11,12) for receiving low pressure gas, the low pressure storage vessel (11,12) including a low pressure heat store including a second chamber housing a second gas-permeable heat storage structure (16,18. The first heat storage structure (14) has a mean surface area per unit volume which is higher than a mean surface area per unit volume of the second heat storage structure (16,18).

Abstract: A heat accumulator includes a thermally insulated heat storage vessel having an opening formed in a bottom wall thereof, a quantity of heat accumulating medium arranged within the vessel, and a fluid circulation tube of double tube structure inserted from the opening into the vessel and extending vertically upward toward a top wall of the vessel for introducing a fluid into the vessel or discharging the fluid out of the vessel. The heat accumulator further includes a heat-insulating layer provided on an outer peripheral surface of the fluid circulation tube and extending over at least a longitudinal portion of the fluid circulation tube extending from the bottom wall of the vessel in an upward direction to a predetermined height of the vessel.

Abstract: A light and inexpensive heat storage member applicable to spacecrafts is provided. The heat storage member includes a honeycomb structural body having a plurality of cells. Each of the cells is filled with a capsule, which contains a heat storage material, and a heat conductive filler. The heat storage member is provided by bringing a starting material that is a mixture of the capsule containing the heat storage material and the heat conductive filler into contact with the honeycomb structural body to cover at least one surface of the opening of the cells of the honeycomb structure body, subjecting the same to uniaxial pressure molding under the pressure of 4 MPa or more and 10 MPa or less, and filling each cell with the starting material.

Abstract: A geosolar temperature control construction for buildings and method of controlling building temperature by using both geo-exchange and solar means.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a first regenerator core and a second regenerator core and a four-way valve coupled to a cold section of the first regenerator core and to a cold section of the second regenerator core. The four-way valve directs input air to the first regenerator core or to the second regenerator core. A high-temperature passive check valve is coupled to a hot section of the first regenerator core and to a hot section of the second regenerator core. The high-temperature passive check valve comprises an inlet header coupled to the hot section of the first regenerator core or the second regenerator core, a valve poppet coupled to a valve stem and a valve seat located on a surface parallel to a surface of the valve poppet. Air entering the inlet header moves the valve poppet away from the valve seat, creating an opening through which air passes.

Abstract: A vessel of a heat storage and release apparatus, the vessel comprises a shell comprising a metallic material, the shell having an elongated shape with a first end region and a second end region remote from the first end region, and an internal surface defining a cavity configured to contain a heat storage and release device and to guide gas-flow; a first opening through the shell for a flow of gas at high temperature and high pressure, the first opening being located in the first end region; a second opening through the shell for a flow of gas at low temperature and high pressure, the second opening being located in the second end region; and a lining of thermally insulating material adjacent to the internal surface and only partially covering the internal surface, the lining being located at least in the first end region.

Abstract: A system, methods, and user-friendly program product to optimize energy recovery for a process or cluster of processes under all possible combinations of given process changes and stream-specific minimum temperature approach values without enumeration, are provided. The systems, methods, and program product can include steps/operations to identify a set of common-structure heat exchanger network designs which allow for construction of a physically exchanger network easily retrofittable to accommodate time-dependent new operating modes, disturbances, and uncertainty schemes.

Abstract: The invention is directed at articles and devices for thermal energy storage, and for process of storing energy using these articles and devices. The articles comprise a capsular structure 10 having one or more sealed spaces 14, wherein the sealed spaces encapsulate one or more thermal energy storage materials 26: wherein the capsular structure has one or more fluid passages 16 which are sufficiently large to allow a heat transfer fluid to flow through the one or more fluid passages; and when a heat transfer fluid contacts the capsular structure 10 the thermal energy storage material 26 is Isolated from the heal transfer fluid. The devices include two or more articles arranged so that a fluid, such as a heat transfer fluid, may flow through the fluid passage 16 of an article before or after flowing through a space between two of the articles.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that reduces the dead volume in a heat engine or heat pump, such as a duplex Stirling or Vuilleumier cycle device, by nesting the components of the displacer and regenerator such that nearly all working fluid is purged from the interstices of the regenerator elements and all other working fluid spaces that are not involved in doing useful work at each portion of the cycle. Particularly, a more scalable and efficient method and apparatus for providing solar air conditioning or refrigeration by means of a heated cylinder that alternately pressurizes and depressurizes a separate cooling cylinder by directly transferring thermally induced pressure changes to that cooling cylinder at optimized times in the cycle, under the control of a numerically controlled actuation system that can cycle at a much lower rate than mechanically coupled or harmonically phased systems.

Abstract: A cooling system based on thermoelastic effect is provided. The system comprises a heat sink, a refrigerated space and a regenerator coupled to the refrigerated space and to the heat sink to pump heat from the refrigerated space to the heat sink. The regenerator comprises solid thermoelastic refrigerant materials capable of absorbing or releasing heat.

Abstract: Equipment and a method for preheating a continuously moving steel strip, in particular before feeding the same into a continuous annealing or hot-dip galvanizing furnace, involves the continuous movement of the steel strip in a preheating chamber including a preheating circuit having at least one preheating tube, the inner surface of which is in contact with externally-recovered burnt gases (e.g. from the furnace). A portion of the outer surface of the preheating tube is disposed directly opposite a surface of the strip in order to provide a first preheating mode by irradiating heat onto the strip and the walls of the chamber, and a second preheating mode, mainly by convection, of a gas constituting a controlled atmosphere in the preheating chamber.

Abstract: A system and method for storing cold energy are detailed. The system includes a solid refrigerant in a structured form that stores cold energy. Upon deformation, the solid refrigerant transforms into a high energy deformed state from a low energy non-deformed state. In the deformed state, the solid refrigerant stores cold energy that can be released to a desired location upon demand.

Abstract: An active thermal management device and method, in which a phase change material unit, comprising at least one phase change material arranged in series or parallel, is connectable to a source of thermal energy, such as LEDs at a first operating condition. Thermal energy from the source of thermal energy is stored in the phase change material unit. The phase change material unit is connectable to a sink of thermal energy, such as second LEDs at a second operating condition. The thermal energy stored in the phase change material unit may be re-used. The first operating condition can include a 15V supply voltage, and the second operating condition can include either no supply voltage, or a lower 9V supply voltage of 9V, such that heat from the first LEDs, which may be over-temperature, can pre-heat the second LEDs, improving thermal and optical matching.

Abstract: Improved thermal energy storage materials, devices and systems employing the same and related methods. The thermal energy storage materials may include a phase change material that includes a metal-containing compound. This invention is directed at methods of encapsulating thermal energy storage materials, devices containing encapsulated thermal energy storage materials, and capsular structures for encapsulating thermal energy storage materials.

Abstract: A latent heat store is provided having a plurality of heat exchanger units (2) arranged alongside one another with each being at least one phase change store in which a heat exchanger fluid with the storage medium flows at least between adjacent heat exchanger units (2). Latent heat store improved heat management is achieved by at least one common intake (10) for supplying the heat exchanger fluid to the heat exchanger units (2) and for dividing this fluid into a plurality of separate partial flow sections and also at least one common drain (11) for discharging the heat exchanger fluid from the heat exchanger units (2) and for bringing all partial flow sections back together such that the heat exchanger units (2) of the stack (13) collectively exposed to the flow are connected in parallel to one another wherein a variety of flow patterns are provided.

Abstract: When performing heat storage in a heat storage container accommodating a plurality of kinds of heat storage materials with different melting points, heat storage in the heat storage materials is performed such that a higher melting point heat storage material is in a latent heat storage state as much as possible. In other words, heat storage in the heat storage materials is performed in such a manner that the heat storage materials are in the latent heat storage state in which heat can be stored most effectively. In addition, when performing heat release from the heat storage container to heat coolant water in a circulation circuit, heat release is performed from the heat storage material in the sensible heat storage state as a priority, out of the heat storage materials. Accordingly, heat release from the heat storage container in the heat storage state is performed in such a manner that the heat storage materials are maintained in latent heat storage state for as a long period of time as possible.

Abstract: In various embodiments, phase change and heat exchange methods between heat collection, heat transfer, heat exchange, heat storage, and heat utility systems are described. In certain embodiments, the heat transfer fluids/heat exchange fluids, heat storage media, and working media in the system are all phase change materials with transition temperatures close to each other and in decreasing order and perform their respective function through phase changes within a relatively narrow temperature range. Methods to control heat transfer rate, heat exchange and/or heat charging/discharging rate between heat collection, thermal energy storage and heat utility apparatus at will are provided. Methods of controlling such systems are also provided.

Abstract: A system and method for providing cool air to a passenger compartment of a hybrid vehicle in an engine off mode is disclosed. This may include operating a HVAC system to provide cold refrigerant flowing through an evaporator while an engine is operating, and forcing air through the evaporator to cool the air. A first portion of the cooled air from the evaporator is directed through a heater core and a second portion around the heater core, and an electric water pump is activated to pump coolant from a thermal storage tank, through the heater core and back to the thermal storage tank to cool the coolant. When the engine operation is ceased, the air flow is directed through the heater core, and the coolant is pumped from the thermal storage tank, through the heater core and back to the thermal storage tank to cool the air.

Abstract: An air drying system for use in a concentrated solar power generation system using a fluid heat transfer medium includes a first vent pipe and a first desiccant pack. The first vent pipe extends from the concentrated solar power generation system and includes a first inlet open to ambient air, and a first outlet open to an interior of the solar power generation system in fluid communication with the fluid heat transfer medium. The first desiccant pack is positioned within the first vent pipe between the first inlet and first outlet and is positioned to reduce moisture content of ambient air flowing into the first vent pipe.

Abstract: There is herein described energy storage systems. More particularly, there is herein described thermal energy storage systems and use of energy storable material such as phase change material in the provision of heating and/or cooling systems in, for example, domestic dwellings.

Abstract: The present application is directed to providing energy conversion and energy storage whereby inputs of electrical energy are converted into thermal energy which is stored indefinitely in an enclosure designed to retain heat and to prevent its transfer into the ambient environment. Subsequently, when the user of the device wishes to tap the stored energy to perform useful work, the thermal energy is converted back into electrical energy and the energy is released as an electrical output.

Abstract: A thermal energy storage apparatus adapted to receive heat source input for the development and substantially continuous supply of thermal energy to a Stirling engine for the transfer of said thermal energy to electrical and/or mechanical energy, even during periods when heat source input is intermittent or unavailable for a period of time. The apparatus includes a series of elongate canisters containing silicon metalloid and made of refractory material. The canisters are interlaced with a thermal energy absorbing material in communication with a wicking material to which the Stirling engine is in communication.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermal energy storage material (TESM) system (and associated methods). The TESM system comprises i) a container having a wall surface; and ii) a TESM in at least partial contact with the wall surface. The TESM may include, consist essentially of, or consist of a metal containing compound comprising at least two different metal cations and one or more polyatomic anions. The at least two metal cations may include lithium cations. The TESM may have a liquidus temperature, TL, from about 100° C. to about 250° C. The TESM may exhibits a heat storage density from 300° C. to 80° C. of at least 1 MJ/l. The TESM system may be free of water. If any water is present in the TESM system, the water concentration preferably is less than about 10 wt. %. Preferably, the TESM system is generally resistant to corrosion at temperatures of about 300° C.

Abstract: Hierarchical nanostructures and methods of fabrication. The structures include particles having a metal oxide outer shell with metal oxide wires extending from the outer shell. A multiscale structure according to the invention has particles above and below a critical size wherein the particles above the critical size have wires extending from the surface. These structures may be fabricated from a mixture prepared of relatively smaller metal particles having a size threshold below a threshold for nanowire formation and of relatively larger metal particles having a size above the threshold for nanowire formation. The mixture is oxidized at a selected temperature and for a selected time whereby the relatively smaller particles sinter and nanowires grow on the relatively larger particles thereby creating tunable hierarchical structures with metal-to-metal contact between the particles.

Abstract: The efficient heat exchange system provides a rapidly rechargeable thermal energy storage bank operably connected to a heat engine capable of use in an electric power generation facility or in a vehicle. Microwave energy is supplied to the system via a network of waveguides. The thermal energy storage bank has a slurry in a heat exchanger capable of sustaining operation of the engine without requiring the microwave source. The slurry provides a mixture of powdered stainless steel and silicone oils functioning as the working fluid in the hot side of the heat exchanger. The slurry may be heated by plugging the system into standard AC power for a predetermined microwave heat charging duration. A closed, triple-expansion, reciprocating Rankine cycle engine capable of operating under computer control via a high pressure micro-atomized steam working medium is provided to propel the vehicle.

Abstract: Various embodiments are directed to a regenerator for use with a regenerative engine. The regenerator may comprise a plurality of regenerator disks. Each of the plurality of regenerator disks may comprises a plurality of concentric ribs defining a plurality of concentric gaps therebetween. Further, the plurality regenerator disks may be arranged within the regenerator longitudinally, such that the plurality of concentric gaps defined by adjacent regenerator disks are substantially aligned.

Abstract: A modular, stackable, geothermal block system for use as a subterranean or submarine heat exchanger in a geothermal energy system which provides a heating/cooling means to an external load. The stackable blocks, which can be filled with a fluid and/or material of generally high heat retention characteristics or precast in such material, contain one or more continuous passageways that extend from the top face of the block through the opposing face, through which a rigid structural heat exchange tube, fabricated from material of high thermal conductivity, is placed. The blocks are stacked one upon another and slidably mounted on the tube(s). Each tube contains a helically wound, thermal transfer tubing comprising one leg of a U-shape configured loop. Each stackable block can contain multiple paired passageways permitting more than one U-shape loop within the system.

Abstract: By the invention a heat storage system for storing solar heat is provided, the system including a subterranean heat storage (2) for storing heat at temperatures above 800° C., a collector structure (8) being placed on or above the ground, the collector structure having at least one reflecting surface (10) or converging lens for deflecting solar radiation (12), an absorber body (6) positioned so as to receive solar radiation (12) deflected by the collector structure (8) and be heated by said solar radiation (12), and a solid material heat conductor (4) for transferring heat from the absorber body (6) to the subterranean heat storage (2). A method of storing solar heat is also provided.

Abstract: A heat storage device that includes a first heat storage material and a second heat storage material, both of which accumulate heat by heat exchange with a heat afferent medium, and a changeover device that selectively either performs or intercepts heat storage by the second heat storage material. Accordingly, if the absorption of heat by the first heat storage material has decreased, the changeover device changes flow of the second heat storage material so that heat may be extracted from the heat afferent medium by the second heat storage medium. Thus, when the heat afferent medium is a refrigerant, it is possible to supercool the refrigerant thereof. Furthermore, since heat is extracted from the heat afferent medium and is accumulated, accordingly it is possible to anticipate effective utilization thereof.

Abstract: This patent refers to a new technological development that concerns the electric equipment industry, specifically for those dedicated to producing electric shower heads, earmarked to reduce the consumption of electrical energy by offering an energy efficiency of around 60%. The object of this patent is principally intended for electrical showers, for the above mentioned reasons, however, its inventive concept may be applied to gas shower heads, in the sector of boilers and industries that use heated water or steam in their production processes, faucets heated for hotels, restaurants, dry cleaners and others, and may also be used in large amounts of water, for example, for swimming pools and any other systems where the reuse of heat energy can be applied by recirculating water or heated steam. The design applied to the embodiments presented is based on the principal of water circulation in a closed circuit in appropriate chambers, placed contiguously with the shower head or inside it.

Abstract: An enhanced heat transfer between stored thermal energy and a heat recipient via a capillary pumped loop. The devices, systems and methods employ a thermal energy storage material having a solid to liquid phase transition at a temperature and a structure having a plurality of capillaries.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a condensation type dryer. The dryer includes a circulation tube communicating at both ends thereof with a tub to define a passage through which air inside the tub is circulated, a blowing fan disposed inside the circulation tube to circulate the air inside the tub, a heater disposed inside the circulation tube to heat air supplied into the tub, and a condensation tube connected to a water supply source to supply cooling water into the circulation tube, the condensation tube has a serpentine shape.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for transmitting a fluid through the core of a metal sandwich structure. Improved metal sandwich sheet structures include a formed metal core that is brazed, welded, or bonded to two outer flat metal sheets at a series of interleaving surface regions. The inventor has recognized that fluids (e.g., liquid and/or gaseous substances) can be transmitted through the cavities of these structures in order to accomplish thermal conduction or as a means of servicing particular regions of a building, vehicle, device, or other work of construction.

Abstract: A heat recovery system captures, stores, and releases waste heat from an exhaust. The system includes a first exchanger that removes waste heat from the exhaust and transfers it to a heat transfer fluid. A second heat exchanger transfers at least a portion of the waste heat from the heat transfer fluid to a storage device. The storage device continuously stores the waste heat until a predetermined temperature is obtained. A pump draws flow of the heat transfer fluid from the first heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger. A valve directs flow of the heat transfer fluid into the storage device during a charge mode and out of the storage device during a discharge mode.