Abstract: A method of fabricating a component is provided. The method includes forming one or more grooves in a surface of a substrate, where the substrate has at least one hollow interior space. Each of the one or more grooves extends at least partially along the substrate surface and has a base and a top. The base is wider than the top, such that each of the one or more grooves comprises a re-entrant shaped groove. The method further includes forming one or more access holes through the base of a respective groove, to connect the groove in fluid communication with respective ones of the hollow interior space(s), and disposing a coating over at least a portion of the substrate surface. The one or more grooves and coating define one or more re-entrant shaped channels for cooling the component. A component with one or more re-entrant shaped channels and a method of coating a component are also provided.

Abstract: A finned tube includes channels defined between adjacent fins on the tube body outer surface. Wings extend from side walls of the adjacent fins between the fin top and the fin base such that the wings form a barrier which splits the channel into an upper channel and a lower channel. A plurality of holes penetrate the barrier where the wings meet, so liquids and gases can pass into and out of the enclosed area defined by the lower channel. The wings can include alternating upper wings and lower wings, and there can be depressions formed in the fin top.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the laser welding of a composite material (V) to a component (11) in particular for the production of a solar collector element (E), wherein the composite material (V) comprises a strip-shaped substrate (1) composed of a metal having high reflectivity to laser radiation, said substrate having a first side (A) and a second side (B), wherein a dielectric coating (7) is situated at least on the first side (A), and wherein, in order to produce a weld seam, a laser beam (L) is projected at an acute orientation angle (?) at least onto the first side (A) of the substrate (1) provided with the dielectric coating (7).

Abstract: A heat exchanger unit that includes a plurality of first heat exchanger ducts formed by a plurality of plates configured for a first flow of a coolant, a plurality of second heat exchanger ducts formed by the plurality of plates configured for a second flow to be cooled by the first flow, a first inlet for the first flow, a first outlet for the first flow, a first inlet for the second flow, and a second outlet for the second flow. The heat exchanger unit further includes an inlet chamber for the first flow from which a partial flow of the first flow is branched off, conducted through the plurality of first heat exchanger ducts and circulated within the heat exchanger unit to the first outlet.

Abstract: A heat sink structure includes a plurality of heat dissipating fins and a plurality of heat dissipating elements. The heat dissipating fins are arranged in a stack and spaced apart from one another by a distance, wherein at least one of the heat dissipating fins is coated with a heat dissipating material. The heat dissipating elements pass through the heat dissipating fins. By coating at least one of the heat dissipating fins with the heat dissipating material, the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink structure is enhanced.

Abstract: A heat transfer medium and a heat transfer method using the same are provided. The heat transfer medium comprises a film coated with a plurality of nano particles, which absorb light incident to the film to thereby transfer heat to a target object. When nano particles are applied onto a target object, the particles are removed by etching, and when a transparent film coated thereon with the nano particles is positioned, as a mask, on a target object requiring heat transfer, and then is exposed to infrared rays, heat is transferred to a specified portion of a target object under the coated nano particles, thereby obtaining a heat transfer effect without leaving unnecessary heat generating materials.

Abstract: The present invention describes a vertical cylindrical exchanger-reactor for carrying out endothermic reactions, comprising a shell enclosing a plurality of tubes inside which the reactive fluid moves, said tubes being of the bayonet type, and the heat transfer fluid, in this case hot gases, being channelled inside chimneys surrounding said bayonet tubes. The bayonet tubes and the chimneys are suspended from the upper dome of the reactor. This reactor may operate with a pressure difference between the tube side and the shell of up to 100 bars. The hot gases are admitted into the reactor at temperatures of up to 1300° C.

Abstract: A heat transfer pipe 21 with grooved inner surface is provided with a pipe body 22 having a pipe axis line ? as a center axis line, a plurality of first fins 23 each having a fin height Hf, formed by providing a plurality of spiral grooves 200 at an inner surface of the pipe body 22 along the pipe axis line ? and at least a second fin 24 having a fin height hf, provided at a groove bottom of at least one of the spiral groove 200. The fin height hf and a torsion angle ? of the second fin 24 are determined respectively to satisfy the following conditions: Hf/15?hf?Hf/3 and ?=?, when P=W×di×sin ? and P?0.86 wherein a bottom width of the spiral groove 200 is W, a torsion angle of the spiral groove 200 is ?, and an inner diameter of the pipe body 22 is di.

Abstract: A heat transfer tube can comprise a tube body, and outer fins integrated with the tube body which are formed by allowing material on the tube body to extend along radial direction of the tube body and wind and extend around the tube outer surface in helical manner, wherein microscale channels are formed on at least one lateral surface of the outer fin.

Abstract: Briefly described, embodiments of this disclosure include heat management devices, heat management systems, methods of heat management, and the like.

Abstract: A plug for isolating a wellbore. The plug can include a body having a first end and a second end, wherein the body is formed from one or more composite materials and adapted to receive a setting tool through the first end thereof, at least one malleable element disposed about the body, at least one slip disposed about the body, at least one conical member disposed about the body, and one or more shearable threads disposed on an inner surface of the body, adjacent the second end thereof, wherein the one or more shearable threads are adapted to receive at least a portion of a setting tool that enters the body through the first end thereof, and wherein the one or more shearable threads are adapted to engage the setting tool when disposed through the body and adapted to release the setting tool when exposed to a predetermined axial force.

Abstract: A heat-exchange medium for use in a regenerative thermal oxidizer has a coating of potassium aluminum silicate which prevents the build-up of silicon dioxide from processed gas on the surface of the ceramic heat-exchange media.

Abstract: A counter flow indirect evaporative heat exchanger (10) having vertically stacked alternate counter flow wet (14) and dry (12) passages where the wet passages are wetted during operation of the heat exchanger by wetting means (50, 52, 53, 54, 70, 72, 74, 76) travelling vertically of the stack. Elongately wetting of a small plurality of the total number of passages (14, 12) of the heat exchanger (10) occurs at a time during vertical travel of the wetting means.

Abstract: A heat transfer arrangement for a fluid-washed body having first and second ends and a fluid-washed surface extending there-between. The arrangement includes a heat transfer member extending from the first end at least part way along the body towards the second end. A heat source is arranged in use to heat the heat transfer member in the vicinity of the first end of the body. A plurality of thermal control layers are provided on the heat transfer member, each of the layers having a different thermal conductivity and being juxtaposed so as to create a thermal conductivity profile which varies along the length of the member. The arrangement may be used for prevention of icing of an aerofoil body such as a blade, vane or the like.

Abstract: A heat exchanger component is made by forming a wafer having a pair of opposed outer major faces with interstices between them from a stack of wire mesh screens. The outer major surfaces of the wafer are sealed by depositing a metal coating on them. The deposited metal coatings define between them a flow path for a heat exchange fluid extending through the interstices of the wafer.

Abstract: A low-cost, high-temperature heat exchanger is made from a notched piece of metal, the metal being folded back and forth upon itself to form a monolith. The notches in the metal piece create openings, communicating with distinct sides of the monolith. Ducts are attached to the openings. Cut pieces of corrugated metal, which may have a catalyst coating, are inserted between folds of the monolith. The heat exchanger may be used as part of a fuel cell system, or in other industrial applications, to recover waste heat, or to conduct various catalytic and non-catalytic reactions. The invention also includes an element, or building block, for a high-temperature heat exchanger, including a folded metal monolith with metal combs inserted, the monolith and the combs defining seams which are hermetically sealed.

Abstract: A conducting device, such as a corrugated fin, for a heat exchanger, has at least one surface with an increased microscopic roughness. A method increases the microscopic roughness of at least one surface of a conducting device such as a corrugated fin. A heat exchanger, such as an evaporator for an air-conditioning system of a motor vehicle, has tubes through which a medium flows and between which conducting devices are arranged, the conducting devices having a further medium, such as moist air, flowing around them.

Abstract: A heat transfer component that is resistant to corrosion and fouling is disclosed. The heat transfer component includes a heat exchange surface formed from a chromium-enriched oxide containing material formed from the composition ?, ?, and ?, wherein ? is a steel containing at least about 5 to about 40 wt. % chromium, ? is a chromium enriched oxide (M3O4 or M2O3 or mixtures thereof) formed on the surface of the steel ?, wherein M is a metal containing at least 5 wt. % Cr based on the total weight of the metal M, and ? is a top layer formed on the surface of the chromium-enriched oxide ?, comprising sulfide, oxide, oxysulfide, and mixtures thereof. The top layer ? comprises iron sulfide (Fe1-xS), iron oxide (Fe3O4), iron oxysulfide, iron-chromium sulfide, iron-chromium oxide, iron-chromium oxysulfide, and mixtures thereof. The metal M of the chromium enriched oxide (M3O4 or M2O3 or mixtures thereof) may comprise Fe, Cr, and constituting elements of the steel ?.

Abstract: A heat dissipation apparatus with coarse surface capable of intensifying heat transfer includes a main body and a heat transfer intensifying unit. The main body provides four plate members to define a flow passage. The heat transfer intensifying unit is provided on the surface of one of the plate members or the surfaces of two of the plate members and further includes at least a raised part and a plurality of fish-scale-like parts. The raised parts are disposed slightly upright from said surface and spacing apart a distance from each other. The fish-scale-like parts each are disposed on the surface of the main body next to the raised parts orderly, provide a recess toward the surface of the main body with an inclining angle from the surface of the main body, have a vertical edge and a sharp end and the sharp end is formed at an intersection of the vertical edge of the respective fish-scale-like part.

Abstract: A heat sink comprises a heat sink body, which in some embodiments is a plastic heat sink body, and a thermally conductive layer disposed over the heat sink body. In some embodiments the thermally conductive layer comprises a copper layer. A light emitting diode (LED)-based lamp comprises the aforementioned heat sink and an LED module including one or more LED devices in which the LED module is secured with and in thermal communication with the heat sink. Some such LED-based lamps may have an A-line bulb configuration or an MR or PAR configuration. Disclosed method embodiments comprise forming a heat sink body and disposing a thermally conductive layer on the heat sink body. The forming may comprise molding the heat sink body, which may be plastic. In some method embodiments the heat sink body includes fins and the disposing includes disposing the thermally conductive layer over the fins.

Abstract: A heat transfer device includes at least one laminated structure. Each laminated structure includes: a graphite sheet core that has a pattern of corrugations over at least a portion thereof; a graphite sheet first outer layer with an inner surface that contacts a first surface of the core; and a graphite sheet second outer layer with an inner surface that contacts a second surface of the core.

Abstract: A cooling device may include a fluid inlet manifold, a case body, and a fluid outlet manifold that are formed of a molded polymer composite material. The fluid inlet manifold may include a fluid inlet channel and a fluid inlet reservoir. The case body may include a plurality of cooling channels extending from a first surface of the case body to a second surface of the case body. The cooling channels may fluidly couple the first surface of the case body to the fluid inlet reservoir. The fluid outlet manifold may further include a fluid outlet channel and a fluid outlet reservoir. The cooling channels may fluidly couple the second surface of the case body to the fluid outlet reservoir. The fluid inlet channel, cooling channels, and fluid outlet channels may include a cross-section topology.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a heat sink includes steps of: preparing a metallic belt; providing a spraying device for spraying a metallic coating layer on one surface of the metallic belt; providing a stamping device for blanking the metallic belt to form a heat-dissipating fin; and stacking a plurality of heat-dissipating fins to form the heat sink. In this way, the heat-dissipating area and efficiency of the heat sink can be increased. The stability and soldering ability of different materials can be improved. The present invention further provides a heat sink.

Abstract: A system and method for thermal management of a device under test (DUT). In particular, a system is described for performing optical microscopy. The system includes a heat spreader window that consists of substantially undoped silicon. The window is configured to be coupled to a back side of a substrate of a DUT such that thermal energy from the DUT is spread to the heat spreader window. A contact region is coupled to the heat spreader window. The contact region is configured for contact with a solid immersion lens (SIL) optical system for optical examination of the DUT. A heat exchanger is coupled to the heat spreader window for removing the thermal energy from the DUT during its operation, wherein the heat exchanger is configured to allow access to the heat spreader window.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention includes a heat dissipating device. The heat dissipating device includes a main body having a surface, wherein the surface is plated or coated with at least two different metals to form a design effective for bonding to solder and for adhering to polymer in a polymer solder hybrid. The heat dissipating device also includes surface perturbations.

Abstract: A heat dissipation apparatus with coarse surface capable of intensifying heat transfer comprises a base plate, a plurality of plate members, a flow passage, and a heat transfer reinforced unit; the plate members each extend upright from the base plate in parallel; the flow passage is formed between any two adjacent plate members; the heat transfer reinforced unit is provided at the first surface and/or the second surface and further comprises at least a raised part being disposed slightly upright from the respective surface and spacing apart a distance from each other, and a plurality of fish-scale-like parts each being disposed on the respective surface next to the respective raised part, providing a recess toward said surface with an inclining angle to the surface and having an edge such that a sharp end is formed by every two adjacent fish-scale-like parts and disposed at an intersection of the respective edge of the two adjacent fish-scale-like parts, wherein the raised part and the fish-scale-like parts

Abstract: Ion wind fans generate ozone. To more effectively catalyze ozone, in one embodiment, the present invention includes a heat sink having contoured heat sink fins that are coated with an ozone catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sorber heat exchanger wall comprising a fluid side (2) which is delimited by a fluid wall (4) and is impinged upon by a fluid releasing or absorbing heat, and a sorption side (5) that is provided with a sorption bed (6) with a sorbent (7) which accumulates a sorbate so as to absorb or release heat. In order to create a mechanically stable sorption wall that has good heat conducting and material conveying properties, the sorption bed (6) encompasses a highly heat conducting support structure (10,21) for the sorbent (7), which is connected to the fluid wall (4) in a heat conducting manner, and a hierarchical hollow space system.

Abstract: A composite article (1; 10; 40) comprises a plurality of inclusions (5) of a magnetocalorically active material embedded in a matrix (4) of a magnetocalorically passive material. The inclusions (5) and the matrix (4) have a microstructure characteristic of a compacted powder.

Abstract: A heat exchanger, in particular a heat exchanger of a motor vehicle, having cooling pipes and having collecting tanks, in which heat exchanger the cooling pipes extend between the collecting tanks, in which heat exchanger the cooling pipes and the collecting tanks are spatially connected to one another, in which heat exchanger the cooling pipes are produced from a strip material with at least one cooling pipe seam, in which heat exchanger the at least one cooling pipe seam forms an inner partition of the cooling pipe, and in which heat exchanger the cooling pipes have an external solder plating on the pipe outer side and the cooling pipes have more than one coating on the pipe inner side, wherein one of the coatings on the pipe inner side is arranged only partially in the region of the at least one cooling pipe seam, as a result of which particularly high demands with regard to a multi-coating layered construction of cooling pipes of the heat exchanger can be met in a cost-effective manner.

Abstract: A heat-dissipation unit coated with oxidation-resistant nano thin film includes a metal main body having a heat-absorbing portion and a heat-dissipating portion, both of which are coated with at least a nano metal compound thin film. To form the nano metal compound thin film on the heat-dissipation unit, first form at least a nano compound coating on an outer surface of the heat-dissipation unit, and then supply a reduction gas into a high-temperature environment to perform a heat treatment and a reduction process on the heat-dissipation unit and the nano compound coating thereof, and finally, a nano metal compound thin film is formed on the surface of the heat-dissipation unit after completion of the heat treatment and the reduction process. With the nano metal compound thin film, the heat-dissipation unit is protected against formation of oxide on its surface and accordingly against occurrence of increased thermal resistance thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treating a water stream produced in the recovery of heavy oil from geological formations comprising.

Abstract: A method for coating the base element of a cooling element used in connection with a metallurgical furnace or the like, said base element being mainly made of copper, at least partly with a metal coating involves a step wherein the metal coating is explosion welded to the base element of a cooling element mainly made of copper. A cooling element, particularly to be used in connection with metallurgical furnaces or the like, includes a base element mainly made of copper, in which base element there is arranged a cooling water channel system, said base element of the cooling element being at least partly coated with a metal coating. The metal coating is explosion welded to the base element that is mainly made of copper.

Abstract: A drying appliance having a drying chamber and a process air guide for guiding drying air through the drying chamber. The process air guide has a heat exchanger for cooling process air which includes a charge of humidity and particulates, and which is disposed downstream of the drying chamber within the process air guide. The heat exchanger is coated at least partially with a polymer coating on a part of a surface of the heat exchanger. The part of the surface below the coating has a passivating layer interposed between the coating and the surface.

Abstract: Powder coated heat exchange elements for a heat exchanger. Powder coating provides improved protective coating on surfaces of heat exchange elements. In many applications, the heat exchange elements are subjected to harsh operating conditions that promote corrosion. Traditional enamel coating tends to fracture when subjected to mechanical stresses thereby allowing corrosion inducing agents to penetrate and corrode the underlying surfaces. Powder coating reduces breaches in the protective layer. Powder coating may be adapted to withstand high temperatures so as to make them suitable for use in harsh operating environments. One such environment can be found in the processing of flue gas from fossil burning power generators, where the flue gas has a relatively high temperature and high sulfur content.

Abstract: A method for anodizing metallic alloys, particularly for heat exchangers made of aluminum alloys and the like for condensing boilers, comprising a step of immersing at least one heat exchanger or the like made of a metallic alloy in a bath of an electrolytic solution functionally associated with a source of electric current through the heat exchanger, the anodizing method then providing for a step of anodizing the heat exchanger immersed in the bath, so as to anodize at least the outer surfaces of the heat exchanger, the method comprising a step of pumping the electrolytic solution into the heat exchanger immersed in the bath for the forced circulation of the electrolytic solution in the internal passage channels of the heat exchanger so as to anodize the inner surfaces of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of a heat exchanger, in particular an evaporator, comprising the preparation, assembling and brazing of components of the heat exchanger, the brazing being carried out under given temperature conditions. Prior to the assembling and to the brazing, a surface treatment operation is carried out that includes applying a coating to a chosen component, the coating including a support, at least one active agent suitable for giving the heat exchanger chosen properties during its operation, and at least one thermal protection agent suitable for enabling the coating to withstand the brazing temperature conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed are a heat exchanger for a dehumidifier using a liquid desiccant and a dehumidifier using a liquid desiccant having the same. The heat exchanger for a dehumidifier using a liquid desiccant, comprises: a plurality of plate-type heat exchanger bodies to which a heat transfer medium flows through flow paths formed therein; and a plurality of plates extending between the respective heat exchanger bodies, and inclined with respect to the surfaces of the heat exchanger bodies.

Abstract: A heat exchanger having a plurality of heat exchanging aluminum fins with hydrophilic condensing surfaces which are stacked and clamped between two cold plates. The cold plates are aligned radially along a plane extending through the axis of a cylindrical duct and hold the stacked and clamped portions of the heat exchanging fins along the axis of the cylindrical duct. The fins extend outwardly from the clamped portions along approximately radial planes. The spacing between fins is symmetric about the cold plates, and are somewhat more closely spaced as the angle they make with the cold plates approaches 90°. Passageways extend through the fins between vertex spaces which provide capillary storage and communicate with passageways formed in the stacked and clamped portions of the fins, which communicate with water drains connected to a pump externally to the duct. Water with no entrained air is drawn from the capillary spaces.

Abstract: A heat exchanger installed under the ground or water includes an outer pipe installed vertically or installed inclinedly under the ground or water; and a heating heat-transfer pipe inserted into the outer pipe, and evaporating refrigerant injected thereto. A heat medium is sealed in the outer pipe. A heat exchange is performed by using a change in phase of the heat medium and a heat medium guiding section for guiding the heat medium condensed on an outer surface of the heating heat-transfer pipe to an inner wall surface of the outer pipe by using surface tension of the heat medium or by reducing an angle of contact on the inner surface is formed in an upper section of the outer pipe.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a radiating package module for an exothermic element. The radiating package module includes a heat conducting plate which has a groove of an internal thread shape, with the exothermic element being mounted on a surface of the heat conducting plate. A heat pipe is inserted into the groove in a screw-type coupling manner and has a coupling part of an external thread shape. An adhesive is applied between the groove and the coupling part. A cooling unit is coupled to an end of the heat pipe. The radiating package module maintains the reliability with which the radiating package radiates heat and improves structural reliability.

Abstract: An air-to-air aftercooler may include at least one tube body configured to direct a flow of charged air, wherein the at least one tube body includes a first material. The air-to-air aftercooler may also include a header assembly coupled to ends of the at least one tube body. The header assembly may include a second different material.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a transmission oil cooler. The cooler includes heat exchange tubes stacked one on top of another. Each heat exchange tube comprises an upper plate and a lower plate coupled to each other. Recesses are formed in each of facing surfaces of the upper and lower plates. The recesses of the upper plate cross over the recesses of the lower plate. Ridges and valleys are alternately formed on the upper and lower plates. Each heat exchange tubes has, on opposite ends thereof, an inlet port and an outlet port. An upper flange is provided around each of the inlet port and the outlet port. A lower flange is provided around each of the inlet port and the outlet port. The upper flange and the lower flanges of the adjacent heat exchange tubes are coupled to each other by fitting.

Abstract: A domestic appliance for drying laundry having a component around which process air flows. The component has a substrate made of metal and the substrate has a surface facing the process air. The surface carries a coating that prevents adhesion of foreign particles and the coating has a surface energy of no more than 40 mN/m. The surface has a section that is directly impinged by the process air and that is essentially completely covered by the coating. The component has edges in the section covered by the coating and each of the edges is essentially completely covered by the coating.

Abstract: When forming fins and heat transfer tubes by aluminum material, a pressure loss in the tube does not increase and a heat exchanger can be provided having heat transfer performance equal to or higher than a copper tube. The heat exchanger includes fins made of an aluminum material having a low deformation resistance and heat transfer tubes made of an aluminum material having a higher deformation resistance than the aluminum material forming the fins, and on whose internal surface the groove is provided to penetrate the fin to be fixed. It is also arranged that the tube axial direction (a) of the inner surface of the heat transfer tube and the direction (b) of the groove provided on the internal surface of the heat transfer tube are substantially parallel. In this case, the groove direction (b) forms an angle of 0 degrees to 2 degrees with respect to the tube axial direction (a) of the inner surface of the heat transfer tube. The depth of the groove of the heat transfer tube after tube expansion is 0.2 mm to 0.

Abstract: A cooling surface for cooling an electronic component, the surface having two sets of fins, each set of fins defining a set of channels, and a number of passageways connecting the sets of channels. The cooling surface can be attached to an electronic component, such as a chip, and refrigerant supplied to at least one of the sets of channels. When the temperature of the electronic component rises, the heat is transferred to the refrigerant in the cooling surface, at least some of which vaporizes to carry heat away from, and facilitate cooling of, the component.

Abstract: A heat exchanger (1) includes: a heat sink (3) which is in contact with a heating element (2); and an electron emitting element (4) which is provided so as to be separated from the heat sink (3) by a space and which provides electrons to the heat sink (3) via air in the space. The electron emitting element (4) includes: an electrode substrate (7); a thin-film electrode (9); a power supply (10) which applies a voltage between the electrode substrate (7) and the thin-film electrode (8); and an electron acceleration layer (8) which accelerates the electrons inside itself in response to the voltage applied by the power supply (10) so that the electrons are emitted from the thin-film electrode (9). The electron acceleration layer (8) is made at least partially of an insulating material. As a result, the heat exchanger (1) has a heat exchange capability which can be maintained and improved independently of a structure in which electric field concentration tends to occur.

Abstract: A heat dissipation device with coarse surface capable of intensifying heat transfer includes a main body and a heat transfer intensifying unit. The main body provides a surface and the heat transfer intensifying unit is disposed on the surface. The heat transfer intensifying unit further includes at least a raised part and a plurality of fish-scale-like parts. The raised parts are disposed slightly upright from said surface and spacing apart a distance from each other. The fish-scale-like parts each are disposed on the surface of the main body next to the raised parts orderly, provide a recess toward the surface of the main body with an inclining angle from the surface of the main body, have a vertical edge and a sharp end and the sharp end is formed at an intersection of the vertical edge of the respective fish-scale-like part.

Abstract: Powder coated heat exchange elements for a heat exchanger. Powder coating provides improved protective coating on surfaces of heat exchange elements. In many applications, the heat exchange elements are subjected to harsh operating conditions that promote corrosion. Traditional enamel coating tends to fracture when subjected to mechanical stresses thereby allowing corrosion inducing agents to penetrate and corrode the underlying surfaces. Powder coating reduces breaches in the protective layer. Powder coating may be adapted to withstand high temperatures so as to make them suitable for use in harsh operating environments. One such environment can be found in the processing of flue gas from fossil burning power generators, where the flue gas has a relatively high temperature and high sulfur content.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a flooded type evaporating heat-exchange copper tube for an electrical refrigeration unit. The evaporating heat-exchange tube comprises a smooth surface portion, a finned portion provided with plurality of fins and a transitional portion connecting the smooth surface portion to the finned portion, with primary evaporating chambers defined between the fins. Fifth fins extending upwardly are provided on a bottom wall of the primary evaporating chamber, which divide the primary evaporating chamber into at least two minor cavities, and an evaporating opening is defined between adjacent fins of the primary evaporating chamber. Due to plurality of minor cavities arranged in the evaporating heat-exchange tube, refrigerant film is easy to form on bottom walls of the minor cavities, and nucleus boiling is easily to be developed. Thereafter, the refrigerant gets boiled and evaporated to form bubbles to escape via evaporating openings.