Abstract: A tunnel detection system for a motor vehicle comprises a radiofrequency signal receiver provided to receive a radiofrequency signal coming from a source external to the vehicle; a controller communicating with the radiofrequency signal receiver, the controller being configured to detect at least one amplitude variation in the radiofrequency signal received by the receiver; the controller is configured to determine at least one correspondence level representative of the difference between the detected amplitude variation in the radiofrequency signal and at least one predetermined reference signal amplitude variation representative of the amplitude variation in a signal received by the receiver when the receiver travels into a tunnel; the controller is configured to compare the determined correspondence level with a predetermined minimum correspondence threshold, and detect the tunnel being travelled through by the detection system when the determined correspondence level is greater than or equal to the predet

Abstract: The invention relates to an air-conditioning device (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising an element for circulating air towards an evaporator (4), characterised in that the device (1) also comprises a bypass circuit (9) allowing air circulation between a zone located upstream of the evaporator (4) and a zone located downstream of the evaporator (4), the air bypass circuit (9) being arranged above the evaporator (4).

Abstract: An air conditioner for a vehicle has a housing. The housing defines an air passage therein, includes a suction port, and houses a blower fan. The blower fan draws an air from the suction port and discharges the air into the air passage. The housing includes a facing portion that faces an inlet defining member including an air inlet. The facing portion includes the suction port. The facing portion has a rib that protrudes from the facing portion toward the inlet defining member. The facing portion and the rib define at least a part of an air guiding passage that guides the air from the air inlet to the suction port.

Abstract: An air-conditioning system for a vehicle is provided. The system includes a heating blower and a cooling blower that are disposed on opposite sides with an adjustment space being interposed there between. A first duct and a second duct transfer outside air or inside air and extend in the axial direction of the heating blower and the cooling blower. An inlet door unit is disposed in the adjustment space and adjusts the air introduced from the first duct or the second duct to be selectively supplied to the heating blower or the cooling blower. A condenser and an evaporation core are respectively disposed in the radial directions of the heating blower and the cooling blower and are connected via a refrigerant line. An outlet door unit regulates the air to be selectively discharged to the indoor space or the outdoor space.

Abstract: A cooling device includes: an air blast passage; a heater core that is disposed in the air blast passage; an air blast volume adjusting member that is opened and closed to adjust an air blast volume which flows in the heater core; a flow rate adjuster that adjusts a flow rate of the coolant which is introduced into the heater core; and a controller. The controller sets the flow rate of the coolant which is adjusted by the flow rate adjuster to be less than a lower limit value of an adjustable range of the flow rate of the coolant which is adjusted by the flow rate adjuster in a vehicle compartment air-conditioning state in which the air blast volume adjusting member allows an air blast to flow to the heater core when the air blast volume adjusting member fully closes the heater core side of the air blast passage.

Abstract: A thermal management device includes two or more heat dissipation devices that dissipate heat into a heat medium, a heat medium-air heat exchanger that exchanges heat between air and the heat medium having its heat dissipated in the two or more heat dissipation devices, a flow-rate adjustment device that adjusts a flow rate of the heat medium flowing through the heat dissipation device, and a control unit. The control unit controls an operation of the flow-rate adjustment device to increase the flow rate of the heat medium flowing through the one heat dissipation device, if the control unit estimates an increase in the amount of heat dissipation into the heat medium at the one heat dissipation device of the two or more heat dissipation devices.

Abstract: An air conditioning module including a compressor for inhaling and compressing a refrigerant, a condenser for condensing the refrigerant compressed in the compressor, and an expansion means for throttling the refrigerant condensed in the condenser. An evaporator evaporates the refrigerant supplied through the expansion means. The air conditioning module also includes a housing including a first passageway, a second passageway, a first discharge passageway, and a second discharge passageway.

Abstract: One embodiment of a camera module can comprise: a lens unit; a holder coupled to the lens unit; a cover member arranged on the top of the holder, and encompassing the lens unit; an image sensing unit arranged on the lower part of the lens unit and the holder; and a thermoelement formed in a hollow shape and encompassing the lens unit, and arranged such that one surface thereof faces the image sensing unit.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for motor vehicles includes a plurality of infrared image sensors configured to take images of a vehicle room to detect infrared rays radiated from vehicle occupants, and an analysis unit configured to analyze vehicle occupant information based on the images taken by the infrared image sensors. The infrared image sensors are installed in front upper regions of the vehicle room so as to take images of different imaging areas.

Abstract: An operating state of a motor vehicle is connected to a respective operating state of at least one vehicle-external device via a server device. The motor vehicle makes available event data via an event channel and/or receives triggering data via a triggering channel, and the at least one vehicle-external device respectively makes available event data via an event channel and/or receives triggering data via a triggering channel. As a result at least one channel pair which connects the motor vehicle to in one of the at least one vehicle-external device is made available, and at least one linking rule is defined by an input device, each linking rule specifying respectively predetermined triggering data for the channel pair which is made available, the triggering data being output via the triggering channel of the channel pair if predetermined event data is received via the event channel of the channel pair.

Abstract: A vehicle air-conditioning device includes: a first coolant-water circulation path in which coolant water passes through an engine; a second coolant-water circulation path that is communicated with the first coolant-water circulation path and in which the coolant water passes through a vehicle-cabin radiator; a shutting off mechanism that shuts off, when switched to a shut-off state, the communication between the first coolant-water circulation path and the second coolant-water circulation path; and a refrigeration cycle.

Abstract: A vehicle having a heating and cooling system includes a refrigerant loop having first and second heat exchangers, and a coolant loop. The coolant loop includes a plurality of valves directing a first flow of coolant through a first refrigerant-to-coolant heat exchanger, a second flow of coolant through a second refrigerant-to-coolant heat exchanger, and a third flow of coolant including a first portion of the first flow of coolant exiting the first refrigerant-to-coolant heat exchanger and a first portion of the second flow of coolant exiting the second refrigerant-to-coolant heat exchanger through an auxiliary coolant loop, and a control module for controlling the plurality of valves to direct the flows of coolant dependent upon a mode of operation. The auxiliary coolant loop is for heating/cooling one or more components, such as a battery, dependent upon the mode of operation.

Abstract: Example systems and methods to determine electric vehicle range based on environmental factors are disclosed. An example disclosed vehicle includes a battery pack, a HVAC control module, and an electronic control unit that includes a range calculator. The example range calculator determine a base power load, determines an auxiliary power load based on a sun load, an ambient temperature, a cabin temperature, and a temperature setting, and calculates a range of the vehicle based on the base power load, the auxiliary power load and a charge of the battery pack.

Abstract: An odor reproducing apparatus of a HVAC system for the vehicle may include an odor reproducing device configured to reproduce and evaluate odor by applying a HVAC system module, a heat exchange outdoor device mounted at one side of the odor reproducing device to control a temperature and humidity of an experimental space, and a control device mounted at one side of the odor reproducing device and the heat exchange outdoor device to control an operation of the odor reproducing device and an operation of the heat exchange outdoor device to implement a field environment and vehicle conditions for evaluating an odor improvement effect of the HVAC system reflecting an odor reduction technology.

Abstract: A system including mode and battery modules. The mode module, based on parameters, determines whether to operate in a shore power, engine or battery mode. One or more batteries are charged based on received utility power while in the shore power mode. The batteries, while in the engine mode, are charged based on power received from a power source. The battery module, while operating in the battery mode, determines a speed based on a temperature within a temperature controlled container of a vehicle and a state of charge of the batteries. The compressor is run at the speed while in the battery mode. While in the battery mode, the batteries are not being charged based on power from a shore power source and the power source from which power is received during the engine mode.

Abstract: A heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system of a vehicle may include a battery cooling line to circulate a first coolant through a first radiator, a high voltage battery core, and a first valve; an electronic component cooling line to circulate a second coolant through a second radiator, an electronic component core, and a second valve; a branch line having a first end portion branched from the first valve and a second end portion connected to an upstream point of the high voltage battery core; an auxiliary line having a first end portion branched from the second valve and a second end portion connected to an upstream point of the electronic component core; and a controller performing heat transfer in the main heat exchanger by controlling the first valve and the second valve when a temperature of the high voltage battery core is required to be increased.

Abstract: A Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system for a vehicle, may include a first coolant line passing through a radiator; a second coolant line passing through an indoor air conditioning core and a high voltage battery core; a first coolant exchange line passing through a first heat exchanger; a second coolant exchange line passing through a second heat exchanger; a refrigerant line including the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, and a compressor, in which coolant circulates; and a controller configured to control the first valve and the second valve to selectively connect the first coolant line or the second coolant line to the first coolant exchange line or the second coolant exchange line.

Abstract: An HVAC system includes an evaporator coil and a metering device fluidly coupled to the evaporator coil. The HVAC system also includes a variable-speed circulation fan and a condenser coil fluidly coupled to the metering device. The HVAC system also includes a variable-speed compressor fluidly coupled to the condenser coil and the evaporator coil and a controller operatively coupled to the variable-speed compressor and the variable-speed circulation fan. The controller is configured to measure a speed of the variable-speed compressor, calculate a normal cooling Cubic Feet per Minute (CFM), measure a speed of the variable-speed circulation fan, and determine if the speed of the variable-speed circulation fan exceeds the normal cooling CFM. If the speed of the variable-speed circulation fan exceeds the normal cooling CFM, the HVAC controller adjusts a speed of at least one of the variable-speed compressor and the variable-speed circulation fan.

Abstract: A method for controlling a heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system of an autonomous vehicle includes determining a vehicle operating status and operating the HVAC system according to the determined vehicle operating status. A control module comprising a sensor array and at least one controller operatively coupled to the sensor array and to the HVAC system controls operation of the HVAC system according to the determined vehicle operating status. The vehicle operating status is selected from one of vehicle occupied-in use, vehicle unoccupied-use requested, and vehicle unoccupied-standby. The HVAC system is operated at an operating setting providing a reduced energy consumption in a vehicle whose operating status is vehicle unoccupied-standby. The reduced energy consumption operating setting is determined according to a constant offset value or according to a variable offset value determined by inputs provided by the sensor array.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, a vehicle VOC reduction system includes a VOC reducer to be in fluid communication with cabin air, a rechargeable battery unit at least partially powering the VOC reducer, and a transmitter to transmit commands to operate the VOC reducer.

Abstract: A control device for a vehicle includes an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is configured to: execute first automatic stop control for automatically stopping an engine when a first condition is established during traveling of the vehicle; execute second stop control for automatically stopping the engine when a second condition is established during stop of the vehicle; predict a vehicle stop duration; calculate a required cold and heat storage amount of an evaporator; calculate a reaching time until a cold and heat storage amount of the evaporator reaches the required cold and heat storage amount; predict a time needed for vehicle stop; and when the first condition is established during traveling of the vehicle, in a case where the calculated reaching time is equal to or longer than the predicted time needed for vehicle stop, automatically stop the internal combustion engine during traveling of the vehicle.

Abstract: An air-conditioning system controller controls one or plural air-conditioning apparatus installed in a building, and includes a processor that determines an air-conditioning apparatus control command so that a preset evaluation index satisfies a preset condition in a preset control-target period under a preset constraint. The processor divides the control-target period into time sections, determines a room-temperature change permissible range within which a room temperature satisfies the constraint, determines a heat-load change permissible range, based on the room temperature, the room-temperature change permissible range, a heat load estimation, and a heat load to be processed by each air-conditioning apparatus, and determines, for each time section, as the air-conditioning apparatus control command, an operation frequency and start-stop of the air-conditioning apparatus, based on the heat-load change permissible range and an operation efficiency of the air-conditioning apparatus.

Abstract: A heat pump system for a vehicle may include a cooling device having a radiator connected to a cooling line and a first water pump a battery module provided on a battery cooling line selectively connectable to the cooling line through a first valve; a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) module including an internal heater connected to the cooling line through a first connection line, a cooler connected to the battery cooling line through a second connection line, and an opening or closing door provided between the internal heater and the cooler and controlling external air passing through the cooler to be selectively introduced into the internal heater depending on cooling, heating, and heating and dehumidifying modes of the vehicle; and a centralized energy (CE) module connected to each of the battery cooling line and the cooling line.

Abstract: A vehicle cooling system may include a cooling circuit for cooling at least one main component of a vehicle. The cooling circuit may include at least one cooler through which cooling air is flowable and at least two fan chambers adjoined to an outlet side of the at least one cooler. The at least two fan chambers may each include a respective fan arranged therein, a respective main outlet and a respective ancillary outlet. The vehicle cooling system may also include at least one waste air channel that may be connected to the respective ancillary outlets of the at least two fan chambers. The vehicle cooling system may further include at least one control device configured to control a cross-section of each of the respective ancillary outlets and to enable operation of the vehicle cooling system in a normal operating state and in at least two emergency operating states.

Abstract: An air conditioning unit includes a passage having a heat exchanger; a blower for blowing air through the passage; a blower motor driving the blower in response to a drive signal; an energy recovery ventilator (ERV), the blower drawing outside air from the ERV; and a controller for adjusting the drive signal in a ventilation mode to reduce power used by the blower motor.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning apparatus is provided that can extend the mileage of a vehicle by reducing the power consumed by the operation of a compressor and a heater. When a required quantity of heating Q_req is acquired, the minimum power sharing ratio between quantity of heat release Q_hpof a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 and quantity of heat release Q_htrof a water heater 32 is calculated, which allows the power consumption W_total to be minimized, and a compressor 21 and the water heater 32 are operated based on the result of the calculation.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed for infrared sensor arrays for monitoring vehicle occupants and windows. An example vehicle includes a side window and an infrared sensor array. The infrared sensor array includes first pixels of measurement resolution to monitor an occupant and second pixels of measurement resolution to monitor the side window. The example vehicle also includes a cabin environment controller to detect, via the first pixels, whether a body temperature of the occupant is outside a predetermined temperature range and detect, via the second pixels, whether fog is on the side window.

Abstract: A heating system for a motor vehicle having an electrical supply circuit and an engine liquid cooling assembly includes a housing structure having an inlet duct, an air outlet duct and means such as a fan for creating a flow of air into the inlet and out of the outlet. The electric heater is capable of being heated to 1,800° F. in three (3) seconds or less disposed in said air flow to heat the air passing therethrough. The system further includes means for heating the flow of air by exposure to heated coolant and means for deactivating said electric heater when the air flow is being heated by the heated coolant.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for conditioning air of a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle. The air conditioning system operable in a cooling mode, a heat pump mode, and a reheating mode, the system includes an enclosure with a first flow channel and a second flow channel conducting air, and a refrigerant circulation system with a heat exchanger operable as an evaporator independent of the operating mode and a heat exchanger operable as a condenser independent of the operating mode. Both heat exchangers are located inside the enclosure. The refrigerant circulation system also includes a heat exchanger outside of the enclosure and inside the refrigerant path, an expansion element upstream from the evaporator in the flow direction of the refrigerant, and a bypass parallel to the refrigerant path to channel the refrigerant around the heat exchanger as needed.

Abstract: A refrigerator having a cool air path damper assembly that can remove dew from the damper housing when the cool air path damper opens and closes. The damper assembly has an anti-freezing pad attached to its upper surface. An elastic anti-freezing member is inserted into the anti-freezing pad. The elastic anti-freezing member moves with the damper when the damper switches between an open and a closed state. During such a motion, the elastic anti-freezing member sweeps through the interior surface of the housing and thereby removes moisture from the interior surface. This can prevent ice formation on the damper due to rapid temperature drop when the damper opens.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning apparatus is provided that can extend the mileage of a vehicle by reducing the power consumed by the operation of a compressor and a heater. When a required quantity of heating Q_req is acquired, the minimum power sharing ratio between quantity of heat release Q_hpof a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 and quantity of heat release Q_htrof a water heater 32 is calculated, which allows the power consumption W_total to be minimized, and a compressor 21 and the water heater 32 is operated based on the result of the calculation.

Abstract: A temperature controller for a semiconductor wafer is configured to perform a temperature control on a plurality of temperature adjusters including a reference temperature adjuster to perform a temperature adjustment of the semiconductor wafer, in which a manipulated variable calculator to give a manipulated variable to a master loop and a slave loop includes a master-slave switching unit configured to switch between the master loop and the slave loop and a master-slave cancellation unit configured to cancel a setting of the master loop and the slave loop when a temperature setpoint of the slave loop is set to have a temperature gradient against a temperature setpoint of the master loop.

Abstract: An opening and closing control system that controls an operation of an inlet port so that an external environment is detected more accurately and opening and closing of the inlet port is controlled more properly is provided. In the ventilation control system, an internal environment sensor detects an internal environment of a casing, and an external environment sensor is disposed apart from the casing without being in contact with the casing and detects an external environment of the casing which corresponds to the internal environment. Then, a calculation unit obtains the internal environment and the external environment detected by the internal environment sensor and the external environment sensor, and controls opening and closing of a ventilation port in response to difference between the internal environment and the external environment.

Abstract: A system and method for sampling air in a controlled environment that includes two or more air sampling devices at different locations within the controlled environment. A controller is provided at a location outside of the controlled environment and in separate air flow communication with each of the two or more air sampling devices via separate first vacuum tubes, the controller having a manifold configured to separately control a rate of air flow from the two or more air sampling devices to the controller via each of the separate first vacuum tubes and to selectively direct the air flow from each of the separate first vacuum tubes to one or more second vacuum tubes. A vacuum source is provided at a location outside the controlled environment and in air flow communication with the controller via the one or more second vacuum tubes, the vacuum source providing suction and being controlled by the controller to generate the air flow through each of the first vacuum tubes.

Abstract: A heat-pump-type vehicular air-conditioning that includes a cooling refrigerant circuit. The circuit has a base for connecting an onboard condenser provided on the downstream side of an onboard evaporator inside an HVAC unit. The circuit includes a second decompression unit between the outlet side of a receiver and one end side of a vehicle-mounted external heat exchanger. Also included is a second circuit having a solenoid valve opened during heating between the other end side of the vehicle-mounted external heat exchanger and the intake circuit of an electric compressor. The vehicular air-conditioning system being provided with a heating refrigerant circuit in which the electric compressor, a switching unit, the onboard condenser, the receiver, the first circuit, the vehicle-mounted external heat exchanger, and the second circuit are connected in the stated order.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for hybrid electric internal combustion engine applications. A motor-generator, a narrow switchable coupling and a torque transfer unit are arranged in the constrained environment at the front of an engine. The motor-generator is preferably laterally offset from the switchable coupling, which is co-axially-arranged with the engine crankshaft. The switchable coupling is an integrated unit in which a crankshaft vibration damper, an engine accessory drive pulley and a disengageable clutch overlap such that the axial depth of the clutch-pulley-damper unit is nearly the same as a conventional belt drive pulley and engine damper. The front end motor-generator system includes an electrical energy store that receives electrical energy generated when the coupling is engaged.

Abstract: A refrigeration cycle apparatus avoids refrigerant conditions causing a disproportionation reaction and exhibit high performance with safety even when a refrigerant causing the disproportionation reaction is used in a zeotropic refrigerant mixture. The refrigeration cycle apparatus uses, as a working refrigerant, the zeotropic refrigerant mixture of a first refrigerant and a second refrigerant having a higher boiling point than that of the first refrigerant under the same pressure, and includes at least a main passage sequentially connecting a compressor, a first heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a gas-liquid separator, and a second heat exchanger. The first refrigerant causes the disproportionation reaction.

Abstract: An evaporator and a heater may be accommodated in a case. A tunnel in a tubular shape forms a tunnel passage. The case may form an evaporator passage and a heater passage. The evaporator passage may be located on a downstream side of the evaporator and extended without passing through the heater. The heater passage may be located on a downstream side of the heater. The tunnel may extend from the heater passage through the evaporator passage toward an inner wall of the case.

Abstract: A thermal management system for a vehicle includes a high-temperature side pump that draws and discharges a heat medium, a compressor that draws and discharges a refrigerant in a refrigeration cycle, a high-pressure side heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a high-pressure side refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle and the heat medium circulated by the high-temperature side pump, a heat medium-outside air heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the heat medium circulated by the high-temperature side pump and outside air, and a pump control unit that controls an operation of the high-temperature side pump such that the operation of the high-temperature side pump is continued even after the compressor is stopped. Thus, the cycle efficiency exhibited when restarting the compressor can be improved.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for adjusting operation of an automotive air conditioning system including a pressure sensor positioned within a compression chamber. In one example, a method may include adjusting operation of the air conditioning system based on one or more parameters of a compressor operation including a compressor inlet pressure, a compressor outlet pressure, and a compressor speed, that are determined based on output from the pressure sensor positioned within the compression chamber.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus includes a time constant calculation unit that estimates a response time constant at a time when an opening degree of an expansion device is changed on the basis of specifications of a compressor that forms a refrigeration cycle of the air-conditioning apparatus, specifications of a load side heat exchanger, and an operating state quantity of the air-conditioning apparatus, a control constant calculation means that calculates at least one of a control gain of the opening degree of the expansion device and a control interval on the basis of a calculation result of the time constant calculation means, and a control constant change means that changes a control constant.

Abstract: A method of controlling a temperature in a vehicle passenger compartment of a parked vehicle includes the steps of: (a) sensing a temperature inside the vehicle at a predetermined time; (b) comparing the sensed temperature to a preferred temperature; (c) confirming an absence of any object near a front and a rear of the parked vehicle; (d) turning on an engine of the parked vehicle if the absence of any object is confirmed and the sensed temperature is not the preferred temperature; and (e) utilizing a climate control system to change the temperature inside the vehicle passenger compartment.

Abstract: A stall diagnosis apparatus for a motor of an air conditioning actuator includes: a resistor connecting from a first door actuator of a Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system of a vehicle to the ground; a resistor connection circuit connecting from a VCC power terminal to the resistor; a switch disposed on the resistor connection circuit; a first circuit and a second circuit branched from a motor connection circuit connecting from the VCC power terminal to a motor of the first door actuator through a motor driver and the resistor connection circuit, respectively; a current sensing circuit unit including an input terminal connected to the first circuit and the second circuit and outputting a current signal corresponding to a voltage value between the motor connection circuit and the resistor connection circuit; and a controller for controlling the motor and determining whether or not the motor is stalled.

Abstract: This vehicle air conditioner includes a first water-refrigerant heat exchanger, a second water-refrigerant heat exchanger, a heater core, a distributing unit which distributes the coolant, fed from a heat generating component of a vehicle, to a plurality of cooling path, and a junction unit which causes the coolant guided from a plurality of cooling paths to join, and feeds the coolant to the heat generating component. The first water-refrigerant heat exchanger inputs the coolant distributed by the distributing unit, through a first cooling path, and feeds the coolant to be guided to the junction unit, to a second cooling path. The second water-refrigerant heat exchanger inputs the coolant distributed by the distributing unit, through a third cooling path, and feeds the coolant to the heater core. The heater core inputs the coolant fed by the second water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and feeds the coolant to be guided to the junction unit, to a fourth cooling path.

Abstract: A multi-mode thermostat includes a sensor of ambient temperature and control circuits coupled to the sensor, wherein the control circuits are responsive to signals from the sensor to maintain a predetermined regional temperature. First electrically actuated backup circuits are responsive to a firt sensed operational power level to alter a status signal transmission rate by the control circuits. Second electrically actuated backup circuits are responsive to a lower sensed operational power level to provide a backup, lower regional temperature electromechanically.

Abstract: A method of controlling intake and exhaust cam phase in an internal combustion engine for optimal HVAC performance in a motor vehicle includes requesting a cabin heating value, sensing an engine speed and an engine load of the internal combustion engine, utilizing the cabin heating value, the engine speed and the engine load in one or more lookup tables to determine intake phaser constraint values and exhaust phaser constraint values for cabin heating, and transitioning the intake phaser constraint values and the exhaust phaser constraint values for cabin heating to intake phaser constraint values and exhaust phaser constraint values based on one or more lookup tables for normal operation without a cabin heating request.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioner includes a duct in which a partition member forming a first flow path and a second flow path is provided, and a heat pump circuit. In the heat pump circuit, a first indoor heat exchanger that contributes to heating is located in the first flow path or faces an outlet of the first flow path, and a second indoor heat exchanger that contributes to cooling is located in the second flow path. The duct is provided with at least one heating exhaust port for discharging air cooled in the second indoor heat exchanger to the outside of the vehicle interior in heating operation, and a cooling exhaust port for discharging air heated in the first indoor heat exchanger to the outside of the vehicle interior in cooling operation.

Abstract: A heating, ventilation and air conditioning system includes a blower unit that has an interior air intake and an exterior air intake. Two doors are moved between open and closed positions to define a recirculation mode, a fresh mode and a partial recirculation mode. As the doors move between their open and closed positions, a variable partial mode and a variable fresh mode are defined.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning apparatus is provided that can extend the mileage of a vehicle by reducing the power consumed by the operation of a compressor and a heater. When a required quantity of heating Q_req is acquired, the minimum power sharing ratio between quantity of heat release Q_hpof a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 and quantity of heat release Q_htrof a water heater 32 is calculated, which allows the power consumption W_total to be minimized, and a compressor 21 and the water heater 32 is operated based on the result of the calculation.

Abstract: A fragrance dispenser, in particular for a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system, with a fragrance container with a connection opening and with a container cover with an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel, further, with a movable operating element, and a movable valve element by means of which the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel can be opened and closed, wherein the valve element can be actuated by the operating element, and wherein further a bypass channel can be controlled by the operating element.