Abstract: A system and method for sampling air in a controlled environment that includes two or more air sampling devices at different locations within the controlled environment. A controller is provided at a location outside of the controlled environment and in separate air flow communication with each of the two or more air sampling devices via separate first vacuum tubes, the controller having a manifold configured to separately control a rate of air flow from the two or more air sampling devices to the controller via each of the separate first vacuum tubes and to selectively direct the air flow from each of the separate first vacuum tubes to one or more second vacuum tubes. A vacuum source is provided at a location outside the controlled environment and in air flow communication with the controller via the one or more second vacuum tubes, the vacuum source providing suction and being controlled by the controller to generate the air flow through each of the first vacuum tubes.

Abstract: An HVAC system and method for characterizing a chosen VAV valve involves measuring the valve's volumetric flow rate versus valve position at just one or at some other limited number of data points and comparing that to the average characteristics a rather large group of similar valves. A custom characterization of airflow versus valve position for the chosen VAV valve is then created based on a difference between the characteristics of the chosen valve and that of the group of valves. In some examples, the VAV valve is of a venturi style such that a generic characterization of the group of valves is substantially linear when their flow rates are expressed logarithmically.

Abstract: A control system for a heating, ventilation, and/or air conditioning (HVAC) system includes control circuitry having a storage device and a microcontroller. The storage device is configured to store faults. The microcontroller is configured to monitor for a condition of the HVAC system associated with a fault, store a fault in the storage device when the condition is detected, identify whether a duration of time that the fault has been stored in the storage device exceeds a threshold time period, and clear the fault from the storage device when the duration exceeds the threshold time period.

Abstract: A climate control system may include a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system for an indoor building area. The climate control system may also include a home automation (HA) thermostat device in the indoor building area. The HA thermostat device may include a housing, an indoor temperature sensor carried by the housing to sense an indoor temperature of the indoor building area, and a temperature controller carried by the housing. The temperature controller may obtain a setpoint temperature for the indoor building area, obtain an external temperature from the external to indoor building area, and determine a crossing of the external temperature of the setpoint temperature. The HA temperature controller may also switch the HVAC system between operating modes for heating and cooling based upon the crossing of the external temperature of the setpoint temperature and the indoor temperature moving beyond the setpoint temperature by a threshold temperature difference.

Abstract: A method for maintaining ideal ambient conditions for goods being transported within a shipping container includes a server periodically receiving, from at least one sensor located within the shipping container, a current value corresponding to the ambient condition being monitored within the shipping container. The server compares the received first parameter value with a pre-established optimal range of values and in response to the first parameter value being outside of the optimal range of values, the server triggers a correction response that notifies at least one interested party of the failure to maintain the ambient condition within the optimal range and that causes a correction in the ambient condition within the shipping container.

Abstract: A thermal management system for an enclosure containing electrical components includes a thermoelectric cooling unit for controlling temperature inside the enclosure and a controller for the cooling unit, the controller being configured so that it can be installed within and protected by the enclosure, rather than requiring its own separate secure enclosure. The controller can further be installed within a housing of the thermoelectric cooling unit, which housing does not increase the footprint of the cooling unit. The housing can include a cover that separates the space within the housing into two compartments, with the controller mounted at an angle that allows the controller to fit within one of the compartments and under the cover.

Abstract: Controlling under surface heating/cooling by supplying liquid to at least two supply loops in an under surface heating/cooling system, and controlling the flow of the liquid on and off such that during the duty cycle the flow is high and between the duty cycles the flow is off. Room temperature is controlled by controlling the percentage of the duty cycles, which percentage is determined on the basis of the heating demand of the rooms. Different loops are controlled such that at least in two different loops the duty cycles start at different moments.

Abstract: Apparatus to control device temperature wherein a thermal fluid path transfers a thermal transfer fluid to heat or cool the device; wherein a first path in thermal contact with a heating assembly is fluidly connected at a first end to the thermal fluid path, a second path in thermal contact with a cooling assembly is fluidly connected at a first end to the thermal fluid path, a third path is fluidly connected at a first end to the thermal fluid path, and a valve assembly regulates flow of thermal transfer fluid flow through the first, the second, and the third paths.

Abstract: A thermal management system for an enclosure containing electrical components includes a thermoelectric cooling unit for controlling temperature inside the enclosure and a controller for the cooling unit, the controller being configured so that it can be installed within and protected by the enclosure, rather than requiring its own separate secure enclosure. The controller can further be installed within a housing of the thermoelectric cooling unit, which housing does not increase the footprint of the cooling unit.

Abstract: A controller for controlling a refrigeration unit, a method, and a refrigeration system are disclosed. In an illustrative embodiment, a controller stores instructions for a first refrigeration setting and a second refrigeration setting, tracks a cumulative average temperature in a refrigeration element, and activates either the first refrigeration setting or the second refrigeration setting. The first refrigeration setting has a lower average power consumption and a higher range of temperature variation than the second refrigeration setting.

Abstract: A water heater is provided with monitor/diagnostic display apparatus that selectively provides a user with visual or other type of indicia of the overall efficiency of the water heater. The apparatus includes a monitoring unit that may be mounted on the water heater, and a display unit that may be mounted either on the water heater or remotely therefrom.

Abstract: When a target blown air temperature TAO is in a predetermined intermediate temperature zone, a blower is automatically stopped (S80), an outside air mode is selected when the blower 8 is automatically stopped. When an outside air temperature Tam is a first predetermined temperature (15° C.) or lower, an opening degree of an air mix door is corrected to a high temperature side in comparison with the time of the operation of the blower (S120), and when the outside air temperature Tam is a second predetermined temperature (25° C.) or higher, the opening degree of the air mix door is corrected to the low temperature side in comparison with the time of the operation of the blower (S130).

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the temperature of an electronic device under test includes a thermal head having a temperature controlled surface for making thermal contact with the electronic device. The thermal head defines a flow channel for passage of a refrigerant fluid so as to cause transfer of thermal energy between the electronic device and the thermal head. A refrigeration system is connected in fluid communication with the flow channel of the thermal head to supply refrigerant fluid thereto. The refrigeration system includes a metering valve operative to regulate introduction of the refrigerant fluid into the thermal head. A controller is operative to control the metering valve for maintaining a predetermined temperature at the temperature controlled surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the temperature of an electronic device under test includes a thermal head having a temperature controlled surface for making thermal contact with the electronic device. The thermal head defines a flow channel for passage of a refrigerant fluid so as to cause transfer of thermal energy between the electronic device and the thermal head. A refrigeration system is connected in fluid communication with the flow channel of the thermal head to supply refrigerant fluid thereto. The refrigeration system includes a metering valve operative to regulate introduction of the refrigerant fluid into the thermal head. A controller is operative to control the metering valve for maintaining a predetermined temperature at the temperature controlled surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus defines (302) a time period Ps following a completion of a demand for one of heating and cooling the time period sufficient to allow a sensed room temperature Tr measured (309) by a thermostat (500) to stabilize after the completion of the demand; and records (310) an evaluation temperature Te equal to the sensed room temperature measured at an end of the time period. The method and apparatus determines (318, 320, 324, 326), at a future time after recording the evaluation temperature, whether to allow an automatic changeover between heating and cooling modes, based upon a comparison of the evaluation temperature and the sensed room temperature measured at the future time.

Abstract: An apparatus for, and a method of, reducing cycling of heating and cooling systems by varying the deadband of a thermostat. The deadband is varied such that it does not impact human comfort significantly. The deadband is kept narrow (at its current normal value) during peak heating/cooling period, while it is made wider during periods of non-occupancy, shoulder months with low heating/cooling requirements, and set-back periods. The variation of deadband can be based on an internal clock/calender, an outdoor temperature sensor or a combination of both. The apparatus may be an electronic thermostat which may be programmable.

Abstract: The temperature of a thermo-electric cooler that is used to cool a laser is effectively controlled using a monitor which accurately and continuously measures the temperature of the thermo-electric cooler and using apparatus that determines the difference between the measured temperature and a desired thermo-electric cooler temperature. A discriminator circuit causes the thermo-electric cooler to enter (a) a heating cycle when such difference is below a first reference level or (b) a cooling cycle when such difference reaches a reaches a second reference level. Power consumption within the associated cooling/heating system is also accurately controlled using a pulse width modulated power supply to provide the voltage signal that drives the thermoelectric cooler.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for controlling discharged-air temperature for a vehicular air-conditioning system, comprising a duct, a cooling medium circuit, a heating medium circuit, an air-mixing unit, and an automatic air-conditioning ECU. The automatic air-conditioning ECU performs air-mixing control for cold air and hot air by means of the air-mixing unit to adjust the temperature of air discharged from a face outlet into a passenger's compartment only when an estimated discharged-air temperature in an operation mode is not lower than a reference temperature setting.

Abstract: An indoor environmental condition control and energy management system includes a plurality of inputs. A user input receives user input parameters including a desired indoor environmental condition range for at least one energy unit price point. An indoor environmental condition input receives a sensed indoor environmental condition. An energy price input receives a schedule of projected energy unit prices per time periods. A processor, coupled to the inputs, computes an environmental condition deadband range for multiple energy unit price points based on the user input parameters and controls at least one energy-consuming load device to maintain the indoor environmental condition within the computed deadband range for a then-current energy unit price point. In an embodiment, the environmental condition includes at least temperature and the at least one load device includes a heating and cooling system.

Abstract: An apparatus for the controlled cooling of chemical tanks containing a chemical which must be kept at a first prescribed temperature includes at least one heat-exchanger coil immersed inside a chemical tank and through which there is made to circulate a flow of an inert gas. The apparatus includes a storage system for storing and cooling a prescribed volume of inert gas at a second prescribed temperature lower than the first prescribed temperature, feeding means for feeding the storage means with inert gas coming from a main supply line, and valve means interposed between the storage means and an inlet of the at least one heat-exchanger coil for controlling the supply of cooled inert gas to the heat-changer coil.

Abstract: A method is provided for reducing vapor generation in a temperature controlled fuel tank in a motor vehicle. The method cooperates with an apparatus having hot and cold fluid sources (20, 22), a heat exchanger (18) having hot and cold valves (26, 24) and an air blower (28) to force temperature conditioned discharge air flow onto a fuel tank (12). The method involves comparing actual and desired fuel temperature signals and producing a first error signal from the comparison. The method then produces a gain signal in response to an operating mode signal and the error signal. A first control signal is then generated in response to the first error signal representing the difference between a desired fuel temperature and the actual fuel temperature. Finally, the heat exchanger is actuated by supplying the first control signal to the cold and hot valves.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the temperature of fuel in a motor vehicle fuel tank is described. The apparatus includes a cold valve (24) fluidly interposed between a cold fluid source (20) and a cooling portion (50) of a heat exchanger (18) and a hot valve (26) fluidly interposed between a hot fluid source (22) and a heating portion (48) of the heat exchanger (18). An air blower (28) forces air through an air duct (30) fluidly interposed between the heat exchanger (18) and an air outlet (32) to be discharged onto the vehicle fuel tank (12). A fuel temperature sensor (40) measures the temperature of the fuel in the fuel tank and generates a first input signal which is communicated to a controller (34) which then generates a control signal. The controller communicates the control signal to the cold and hot valves, whereby the cold and hot valves respond so as to maintain the difference between the first input signal and a predetermined fuel temperature profile within a predetermined range.

Abstract: Air conditioning and refrigeration apparatus for controlling the temperature of a conditioned space to a predetermined temperature band adjacent to a predetermined set point temperature via cooling and heating cycles utilizing a supply of pressurized cryogen. A cryogen driven motor drives a fan and an alternator. The alternator provides control voltage for operating electrical control devices which select a heating cycle, or a cooling cycle, as required, and which control the flow of cryogen during the selected cycle. Electrical load on the alternator, and thus a load on the vapor driven motor, is minimized to maintain air delivered by the fan to the conditioned space at a level which provides a substantially uniform air flow and temperature throughout the conditioned space. A cryogen flow control valve is motor controlled and only requires electrical energy when a change in the cryogen flow rate is desired.

Abstract: The difference between the zone temperature and the scheduled setpoint, or .DELTA.t, is the basic data from each zone. Communication between the air handler control and the air terminal control is provided via the air system control so that the system is temperature, rather than pressure, responsive.