Abstract: In a core structure of a heat exchanger, tubes and corrugated fins are alternately arranged between seat plates arranged opposite to each other with a predetermined space interposed therebetween. End portions of the tubes are inserted into tube holes formed respectively in each of the top and bottom seat plates to be fixed. On the seat plates, there are provided connection portions having wall portions slanting from main body portions thereof toward the tube holes. When a thickness of the tubes is 0.13 mm to 0.23 mm, a slant angle ? of the wall portions of the connection portions is set to satisfy: slant angle ? (°)?25?(thickness (mm) of sheet plate)+(?125?(thickness (mm) of tube)+25).

Abstract: In a core structure of a heat exchanger, tubes and corrugated fins are alternately arranged between seat plates arranged opposite to each other with a predetermined space interposed therebetween. Both end portions of the tubes are inserted into tube holes of connection portions formed respectively in each of the top and bottom seat plates to be fixed. On the seat plates, there are provided connection portions on which are formed wall portions slanting from main body portions thereof toward the tubes and vulnerable portions formed thinner than the seat plates and in series on the wall portions and absorb thermal stress of the seat plates against the tubes by bending.

Abstract: The invention relates to a waste gas heat exchanger comprising at least one bank of tubes (2, 3) through which waste gas can flow, the tube ends (4, 5) being respectively connected to a tube bottom (6) in a material fit, and a housing envelope (7) which surrounds the bank of tubes and through which a coolant can flow, one of the two tube bottoms being connected to the housing envelope (fixed bearing) in a fixed manner. According to the invention, the other tube bottom (6) is embodied as a movable bearing and forms a sliding seat (13) with the housing envelope (7), said sliding seat being in communication with the coolant side (8) on one side thereof and with the outer side (atmosphere) on the other side thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger, especially a heat exchanger for motor vehicles, comprising a bank of tubes through which a gaseous medium flows and around which a liquid coolant flows. The ends of said tubes are received in tube plates and are connected to the same in a material fit. The inventive heat exchanger also comprises a housing jacket which surrounds the bank of tubes and is connected, at the end thereof, to the tube plates. A coolant flows through said housing jacket. The tubes (5), tube plates (3, 7) and housing jacket (2) are produced from a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant metallic alloy. According to the invention, the housing jacket (2) comprises at least one surrounding expansion flange (4).

Abstract: A vapor tube structure in a gas turbine comprises first connecting tubes fixed to a casing, second connecting tubes fixed to a blade ring, a recovery ring and a cooling recovery ring, a bellows tube of the flexible structure, springs, a tube and a piston rings provided between the first connecting tubes and the second connecting tubes. As a result, it is possible to absorb and follow the thermal expansion/contraction difference and prevent leaking of vapor.

Abstract: A heat exchanger in which dead zones and areas of stagnation are significantly minimized or eliminated. The heat exchanger includes at least one floating tubesheet which is movable in a longitudinal direction in response to tube expansion and contraction relative to the heat exchanger shell. The shell is joined to the ends by conical members which preferably join onto the shell at a distance along its length to provide shell extensions which promote better flow patterns in the regions of the tube ends. Tube erosion may be addressed by providing a sacrificial portion of tube length extending beyond the tube sheets so as to make repair and replacement of the eroded portion of tubes significantly cheaper, easier and with minimal process interruption. Because axial or longitudinal flow is employed with respect to the shell-side fluid, tube vibration problems are generally eliminated and fouling is minimized through the use of high fluid velocities.

Abstract: In order to provide an intercooler assuming a simple structure that enables cooling of supercharging air and absorption of any expansion/contraction of the cooling water pipe and the casing attributable to the heat of the supercharging air, intake/outlet pipes of a heat exchanger housed inside a cooling space formed within a case are inserted at cylindrical pipe insertion portions formed at the case, and any gap present between the intake/outlet pipes and the insertion portions are sealed by seal members each constituted of an elastic material formed in a staged cylindrical shape having a first cylindrical portion placed in complete contact with one of the pipe insertion portions and a second cylindrical portion placed in complete contact with either one of the intake/outlet pipes, which are also utilized to fit the heat exchanger in the case with a gap.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning system in which a sealing member is provided with, as an integral part, plates of main lips and sub-lips that are pressed against an air conditioning case in such a manner that the sub-lips stem from the surfaces of the plates. Since the sub-lips are formed to branch from the surfaces of the plates, which form the main lips, the stiffness of the main lips can be improved when rubbed against the air conditioning case when an evaporator (heat exchanger) is inserted into the air conditioning case. Accordingly, unwanted deformation occurring at the end portions of the respective main lips can be controlled, thereby making it possible to enhance the sealing ability of the sealing member for sealing a clearance between the air conditioning case and the evaporator.

Abstract: In order to provide an intercooler assuming a simple structure that enables cooling of supercharging air and absorption of any expansion/contraction of the cooling water pipe and the casing attributable to the heat of the supercharging air, intake/outlet pipes of a heat exchanger housed inside a cooling space formed within a case are inserted at cylindrical pipe insertion portions formed at the case, any gap present between the intake/outlet pipes and the insertion portions are sealed by seal members each constituted of an elastic material formed in a staged cylindrical shape having a first cylindrical portion placed in complete contact with one of the pipe insertion portions and a second cylindrical portion placed in complete contact with either one of the intake/outlet pipes, which are also utilized to fit the heat exchanger in the case with a gap.

Abstract: A thermal shunt comprising flexible graphite fibers for removing heat from components coupled thereto and providing mechanical isolation. The thermal shunt comprises a plurality of stacked layers of graphite fibers secured together at opposite ends to form rigid sections at the respective opposite ends that provide for thermal coupling. Portions of the graphite fibers between the rigid sections are flexible and provide mechanical isolation between components to which the thermal shunt is coupled.

Abstract: Hydrogen coolers are provided with a cooler frame; cooling tubes positioned within the cooler frame; a tube bundle: an inlet chamber adjacent to an inlet end of the tube bundle; a reverse chamber adjacent to the reverse end of the tube bundle; and a support bracket adapted to be mounted on a frame of an electric generator. The support bracket defines an opening sized to receive inlet and outlet connections to the inlet chamber. The support bracket includes a shoulder for supporting the inlet chamber. This invention also encompasses the method of assembling these coolers in an electric generator.

Abstract: The heat exchanger of the invention comprises a header plate which has a wall in which there are holes suitable for receiving the ends of tubes in a bank, the wall of the header plate forming collars around holes and having a localised thinning (A) in a chosen area surrounding each collar to allow an axial movement of the collar with respect to the rest of the header plate under the effect of variations in the length of the tube arising from differences in thermal expansion. Application notably to exchangers for booster air for turbocharged engines in motor vehicles.

Abstract: A flexible, pressurized insert for insertion within the hot (evaporator) side of an inclined heat pipe that forms a part of a heat pipe heat exchanger. This insert is employed in order to prevent such heat pipe from rupturing in the event the working fluid contained therein freezes. This insert is constructed of a thin-walled flexible material that is capable of being deformed (i.e. compressed) thereby absorbing the expansion pressures exerted by the working fluid should the working fluid freeze or be exposed to freezing temperatures. By such absorption, the outer heat pipe itself will not be over-pressurized which might otherwise lead to its rupture. Upon the thawing of the working fluid, the pressurized insert (which is at a pressure greater than that of the working fluid in its non-frozen state) will once again regain its shape.

Abstract: A condenser made of concrete for an axial exhaust turbine, the condenser being carried on a concrete raft and including a plurality of superposed bundles of heat exchange tubes, wherein the condenser includes end vertical tube plates connected via flexible seals to the walls of the condenser and intermediate vertical tube plates, said tube plates being secured to one another by ties and supporting the tubes of the bundles so that they are free to expand, the intermediate plates adjacent to the end plates being carried by internal steel support brackets that are fixed to the walls of the condenser. The bundles of heat exchanger tubes are easily mounted and maintenance thereof is facilitated.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for use in applications with high temperatures and rapidly changing thermal gradients. The heat exchanger has a shell, a head, a tubesheet, a tubesheet skirt, and a tube bundle. The tubesheet has a peripheral diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the interior of the head and is coupled to the head by the tubesheet skirt. The gap between the tubesheet and the head is sufficient to allow the removal of the tubesheet from the head after the tubesheet suffers typical thermal deformation. In a preferred embodiment, the head defines a chamber having a combined spherical-cylindrical geometry.

Abstract: A structure comprising an LP module of a steam turbine supported by a concrete support-block carried by posts standing on a concrete raft, and an enclosure constituted by an exhaust box surrounding the LP module and connected thereto via elastic seals and by a condenser provided with bundles disposed beneath the LP module and resting on the raft, wherein the enclosure is made of concrete. The condenser envelope made of concrete is thus totally independent of the turbine and of its support-block.

Abstract: A system for preheating air before it enters the combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine includes a recuperator which extends between, and is supported by, forward and rear headers. Cold air to be pre-heated by the recuperator flows through an entry passage in the forward header, then into and through a first conduit of the recuperator which extends the length of the recuperator. The air then flows through a plurality of cross conduits located at different locations along the length of the recuperator where it becomes heated by the flow of turbine exhaust gas. Flow of the now-heated air continues into a second conduit in which it is guided toward the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A demountable connector assembly for a modular heat exchanger permits individual modules to be removed and replaced without replacement of the entire heat exchanger core. As applied to heat exchanger modules of conventional tube and header construction, an end chamber on each end of the module has a thin flexible wall which allows axial extension of the module when it is installed between parallel inlet and outlet header surfaces to obviate the imposition of damaging stresses on the soldered connection joints between the heat exchanger tubes and the header plates. Stabilizing rubber cushions are placed between the flexible end walls of the module and its adjacent mounting bracket to prevent excessive modular movement and to dampen vibrations.

Abstract: A heat exchanger adapted to handle dusty hot waste gases including a vertically oriented shell through which the waste gases flow longitudinally downward. The shell contains a tube assembly of vertical tubes having external, longitudinal heat transfer fins with the tubes being connected for fluid flow and support of their upper and lower ends to a central vertical support/header assembly. This support/header assembly is a tube divided into an upper header, a lower header and a center support tube section.

Abstract: A radiator core is combined with upper and lower tanks which tanks are each a welded combination of tube walls and a header plate which receives the tubes of the radiator core.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved liquid conduit for a device such as a solar collector. A tube of stretchable material carries the liquid. A rigid elongate channel has side walls in contact with and enclosing the tube about at least 50% but not the entirety of its circumference. The channel allows the tube to expand radially along part of its circumference when the liquid expands due to freezing.

Abstract: A seal for a gap between two components which are displaceable relative to each other through limited distances in three spatial directions, the seal being formed by at least two partially overlapping corrugated, bellows-like seal elements which are arranged one after the other in the longitudinal direction of the gap. Each seal element is connected to one of the components at a fixed point of attachment and is slidably and guidably connected to both components. Adjacent seal elements can also be slidably and guidably connected to one another. The seal provides sealing action for comparatively large relative movements of the two components and, thus for greatly varying widths and shapes of the gap.

Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor generating heat has in its bottom part a grid for introduction of fluidizing gas into the rector and walls being made as waterwalls in which vertical water tubes are combined by flat plate material. The waterwalls are refractory lined in their lower part to withstand erosion and heat. The water tubes are bent outwards at an angle to the vertical plane in the intermediate section between the uncovered upper waterwall section and the refractory lined lower waterwall section in order to minimize erosion due to particles flowing downwards along the walls in the reactor.

Abstract: A shell-and-tube apparatus, more specifically, a shell-and-tube reactor, which includes a vessel, at least one intermediate tube plate sectioning the interior of the vessel into at least two compartments having different temperatures, a number of heat transferring tubes penetrating the intermediate tube plate or plates, and a fluid passing through the tubes which is heated or cooled by a heat transfer medium surrounding the tubes. At least one insulation plate or plates are provided on one or both sides of the intermediate tube plate so that the space between the intermediate tube plate or plates and, if two or more insulation plates are used, the space or spaces between the insulation plates may be utilized as a stagnation zone for the heat transfer medium, so as to make the temperature gradient through the intermediate tube plate or plates gentle and relax the thermal stress occurring in the body wall.

Abstract: A mass and/or heat exchanger includes at least one bundle of capillaries, the ends of which are embedded in a casting composition, and a housing in which the capillaries with the casting composition are arranged in such a way that the casting composition represents a liquid-tight isolation between the lumens of the capillaries and the space outside the capillaries. An elastic element which compensates for differences in changes of length of the at least one bundle of capillaries and the housing, is provided between the casting composition and the housing.

Abstract: A heat exchanger header plate has a first set of strengthening ribs each located between adjacent tube slots which are formed in a second set of ribs that extend oppositely to the ribs in the first set.

Abstract: A recuperative heat exchanger having a heat exchamber core composed of a plurality of spaced apart plate members is disclosed. The core is disposed for receiving high temperature exhaust gases. A case member is positioned around the heat exchanger core. The case member has an exhaust gas inlet opening and an exhaust gas discharge opening. The plates of the core are secured to the case member at the exhaust gas inlet opening. A jacket is positioned in a spaced apart relationship around the case member. The jacket has an intake opening and an exhaust opening. The intake opening of the jacket is in alignment with the exhaust gas inlet opening of the case member and the exhaust opening in the jacket is in alignment with exhaust gas discharge opening in the case member. The case member is secured to the jacket at the exhaust gas discharge. The core and case member of the heat exchanger are capable of expansion and contraction in the jacket during the operation of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to cool a rich burn combustor without extracting excessive amounts of heat and to use the extracted heat. In accordance with the invention, a combustor (10) having a primary combustor (12) and a secondary combustor (13) with a throat (20) between them is provided with a jacket including a wall (27) radially outwardly of a wall (14) of the primary combustor (12). Steam is injected into a manifold (33) at the throat end of combustor (12) and flows in a plurality of spiral paths through the space between walls (14) and (27) to an outlet manifold (32) at the other end of combustor (12) becoming superheated. The superheated steam is employed to drive a stream utilization device. The spiral steam flow paths are established by barriers (38) wound in spiral fashion on the outside of wall (14) of the combustor (12). Another object is to minimize stress on the wall (14) of the primary combustor (12).

Abstract: The essential components of a utility boiler utilizing a fluidized bed combustor are disclosed in sufficient detail to depict top suspension of the waterwalls enclosing the freeboard of the bed, support of the fluidized bed from ground level, and an expansible junction in the waterwalls to accommodate vertical movement due to thermal changes.

Abstract: A vibration isolated cold plate assembly having a cold plate cover and a base interconnected together by means of a pair of elongated, rectangular-shaped elements made of elastomeric material. The elongated elements form therebetween a channel through which a coolant flows in communication with a plurality of cooling fins which are secured only to the undersurface of the cold plate cover. Electronic components are mounted on the upper surface of the cold plate cover and are held thereon in a vibration isolated environment while simultaneously having any excess heat dissipated therefrom.

Abstract: A heat exchange element of the air-tube type for a heat exchanger unit. The heat exchange elements are connected via flexible connecting lines with the liquid supply and withdrawal channels, which are separated from the heat exchange elements. Together with these channels, the elements are supported on a support structure which has a relatively large open support interval. The heat exchange elements have a relatively short dimension in the longitudinal direction of the tubes through which the air flows. So that no tension forces occur at the transition surfaces between the elements and the walls of the liquid supply and withdrawal channels, the top and bottom surfaces of the heat exchange elements are curved in a dish-shaped manner.

Abstract: A cooling arrangement for electronic components mounted in racking systems in which access to the components is gained by moving a rack with reference to its supporting structure comprises a thin-walled cooling chamber of shallow depth carried by a fixed structure and arranged to be urged against and to conform with a wall of the rack, a pressurized liquid coolant being passed through the cooling chamber in the form of a lamina flow sheet to provide efficient cooling, the chamber being urged into its conformal position by an expandable chamber which is itself expanded by the pressurized coolant. Coolant is firstly used to expand the expandable chamber and then is ducted from that chamber into the cooling chamber from which it exits for subsequent recycling.

Abstract: A heat exchange apparatus (10) formed of a plurality of heat exchange modules (20) mounted together in side-by-side relationship to form a box-like array. Each heat exchange module (20) houses a multiplicity of heat exchange tubes (44) which provide a flow passage through which a first heat exchange fluid, such as air, is passed in heat exchange relationship with a second heat exchange fluid, such as flue gas, passing through the heat exchange apparatus over the heat exchange tubes.

Abstract: Heat exchanger comprising a bundle (35) with straight vertical tubes, whose inner wall serves as the entry duct (46) for the fluid to be heated. This inner wall consists of a first shell (45) having a vertical axis, welded to the lower tube plate (39), a second shell (46) coaxial with the first and similarly fixed to the tube plate (39) and a third shell (47) fixed to the upper tube plate (40) and extended downwards between the two plates (39 and 40). The three shells are joined to the upper part of the exchanger so as to form two chambers (54 and 55) filled with inert gas. The inner shell (45) is joined to an entry duct (48) for the fluid to be heated. The invention applies, in particular, to intermediate heat exchangers of fast neutron nuclear reactors of an integrated type.

Abstract: The tube end plate for a heat exchanger having tubes engaged into collars of the tube end plate which is covered by a water box is provided with a peripheral groove cooperating with a lower portion of the water box to which it is rigidly connected for forming therewith a hollow beam. There is provided a bottom portion of tube end plate in which are made tube passages defined by collars to which are brazed the tubes and between which are provided transverse slots extending transversely up to an inner wall defining the peripheral groove.

Abstract: Evacuable equipment wherein for effective thermal transfer use is made of a thermally conductive fluid confined by a flexible diaphragm for heat transfer across the diaphragm between the fluid and a component forming part of or being treated in the equipment and situated under vacuum in thermal contact with the diaphragm, said diaphragm comprising a flexible gas-impermeable metal layer preventing uptake of gases by the fluid when the equipment is not under vacuum.

Abstract: A method of repairing a defective tube in a tube-in-shell heat exchanger which entails inserting within the defective tube a tubular sleeve and sealingly bonding the end regions of the sleeve to the tube to bridge the defect, the tubular sleeve having axial flexibility (for example by being circumferentially corrugated). The sleeve may be mechanically keyed to the tube at positions adjacent to the bonding at the end regions of the sleeve.

Abstract: A multiple module heat exchanger having a serpentine path for one fluid to flow transversely through adjacent modules while a second fluid flows longitudinally therethrough. A guide pin carried by one module and a mating receptacle carried by a module adjacent thereto cooperate to permit relative longitudinal movement between modules while precluding relative transverse movement therebetween. The mating guide pin and receptacle are located at the central axis of adjacent modules whereby there may be a limited amount of pivotal movement between adjacent modules.

Abstract: A heat exchanger according to the present invention is provided with bayonet tubes in its shell. One end of each of bayonet tube outer ducts is secured to and open at a tube sheet fixed at one end of the shell. One end of each of bayonet tube inner ducts is secured to and opened to a hot gas separation chamber. The other ends of inner and outer duct communicate with each other. A hot gas separation chamber is provided inside the tube side pressure drum which is attached to and in contact with the tube sheet. Such construction of a heat exchanger according to the invention as this prevents thermal stress from arising, rendering the design of economical and reliable heat exchangers possible.

Abstract: The energy conversion system disclosed is especially adapted for use with hydrocarbon or fossil fuels, for instance natural gas, with which substantial quantities of water vapor are developed when the fuel is burned, for instance in an engine, such as a turbine or a cylinder and piston internal combustion engine. In the system according to the present invention increased efficiencies are achieved by employment of a special form of power package capable of much more effectively utilizing the waste heat of the exhaust gases than has been practicable heretofore. The application also discloses tube-in-tube type of heat exchangers for use in the disclosed and also in other energy conversion or transfer systems.

Abstract: The invention concerns a vaulted cover to close a vertical recess in a pressure vessel with a plurality of fittings welded to the cover for the passage of steam pipes and with heat insulation applied to the inside of the cover consisting of a thermally insulating material and a plurality of rectangular cover plates arranged on the thermally insulating material, wherein the cover plates are fastened to the cover by means of holding bolts penetrating the entire insulation.

Abstract: Nuclear reactor exchanger which assures the transfer of heat between two streams of coolant sodium. It includes an outlet connector which channels coolant sodium leaving a bundle of exchanger tubes traversed on the inside by the sodium and immersed externally in coolant sodium, and an inner tubular jacket forming a surface of revolution about a vertical axis and an outer tubular jacket. The wall of the inner jacket has a folded portion distinguished by at least one flank in the form of a crown.

Abstract: In a potted-type seal for sealing an opening in a relatively rigid housing stress-relief means is provided to prevent excessive shrinkage-induced stress between the compound and the housing. The stress relief means includes a relatively flexible peripheral lip portion as part of the housing or, preferably, as part of the potting compound, which lip portion flexes when the potting compound shrinks to reduce stress between the compound and the housing.

Abstract: A recuperator for heat exchange between two flow media of dissimilar temperatures is formed by a housing containing the flow of a first of the two flow media and a plurality of essentially parallel slidably supported tubes containing the flow of the second flow medium. The tubes are made of a highly heat resistant material, such as ceramic material, and are biased at one end by an expansion pressure device that acts upon flow deflection connectors at the one end of the tubes. In one preferred embodiment, the expansion pressure means utilizes spring force, while in other preferred embodiments, the expansion pressure device uses a compressible medium for applying the biasing force.

Abstract: A tube-in-tube shelless heat exchanger having the capability of being modularized comprises a plurality of single element tube rows 18 in combination with header means 26. The single element tube row 18 comprises a plurality of inner 12 and outer 14 concentric tube pairs for carrying a first and a second heat transfer fluid, forward and aft tube sheets 20, and flexible arcuate manifold means 16 for outer tubes 14.

Abstract: The self-compensating solar collector comprises a base tray having inlet and outlet ports at opposite ends covered by a thin metallic diaphragm also serving as an heat absorbing plate. The interior of the tray includes inter-digitating walls or ribs defining a labyrinth channel, fluid flow between the inlet and outlet ports being confined to this labyrinth channel when the top absorber plate is resting on the top of the ribs or walls. Under high heating conditions such as bright sunlight, the plate will heat up and by thermal expansion deflect upwardly with the result that fluid flow can pass over the labyrinth in an expanded flow path directly between the inlet and outlet ports. This increased fluid flow rate results in a cooling of the collector and also in more efficient heat transfer.

Abstract: A series of tubes wound in spiral, spaced relation in pressure contact with the next inner tube or a central cylinder to form, between them, a spiral path for one liquid flowing upwardly in the space between the tubes, while another liquid flows downwardly in the tubes. The outermost tube may be enclosed by a sheath in pressure contact therewith, while several sets of tubes, separated by corresponding sheaths, may be utilized. The diameter of the tubes may be varied for the sets to compensate for the greater length of tubes at an outer position, so that an approximately equal time of travel from one end of the tubes to the opposite ends may be obtained. The spacing between the successive turns of the coils is preferably a distance corresponding to one half the diameter of the tubes.

Abstract: The retort chamber for generating gas by applying hot steam to coal in a fluidized bed is heated by meandering tubes, dipping into the bed, and being suspended from long, hollow boxes which, in turn, are particularly suspended in the retort chamber. The boxes support also manifold tubes connected to the heating tubes and being further connected to a heating fluid feed and distribution as well as a collecting and discharge system.

Abstract: A combination structure interconnecting and sealing means for joining an air duct with the end plate of a heat exchanger core to allow for variations in spatial dimensions resulting from thermal expansion. The coupling arrangement comprises a circumferential flange attached, as by welding, to the circular duct. The periphery of the flange is provided with radial slots which are engaged underneath T-shaped clips attached to the heat exchanger plate. Within the circumference of the flange and generally in line with the duct and associated manifold section of the end plate is a U-shaped bladder member extending entirely around the joint and welded to provide a seal between the end of the duct and the plate. Similar bladder members are provided between adjacent units making up an overall heat exchanger core.

Abstract: This invention relates to a group of modular heat exchangers of the type having a steam chamber, a feedwater chamber, and a feedwater tube passing through the steam chamber to establish fluid communication with the feed chamber.