Abstract: A case for a heating, ventilating and cooling system may include a shell and a plurality of fins. The shell may define an interior volume and may include an air inlet, a first air outlet and a second air outlet. The interior volume may define an airflow path between the air inlet and the first and second air outlets. The shell may be in fluid communication with a blower. The plurality of fins may be disposed in the airflow path between the air inlet and the first and second outlets. The plurality of fins may extend into the interior volume to distribute a first predetermined airflow amount to the first air outlet and a second predetermined airflow amount to the second air outlet.

Abstract: An exemplary system for removing soil from seed comprises an auger portion, a centrifuge portion and/or a dryer portion. The auger portion comprises an inclined enclosure and an auger positioned within the enclosure and is configured to mix seed with a liquid, remove soil from the seed, and separate washed seed from the liquid and the removed soil. The centrifuge portion comprises at least one centrifuge having an outer drum and a rotatable inner basket positioned within the outer drum. The inner basket comprises a side wall having a plurality of apertures. The inner basket is configured to receive washed seed from the auger portion within the inner basket and to centrifugally separate additional liquid from the washed seed, the separated liquid passing through the plurality of apertures into the outer drum. The dryer portion further reduces moisture content of the seed using heat.

Abstract: Provided is a modified target assembly in which the target fluid is moved within the target assembly in a manner that increases the effective density of the target fluid within the beam path, thereby increasing beam yield utilizing forced convection. The target may also include optional structures, such as nozzles, diverters and deflectors for guiding and/or accelerating the flow of the target fluid. The target assembly directs the target fluid along an inner sleeve in a direction opposite the direction of the beam current to produce a counter current flow and may also direct the flow of the target fluid away from the inner surface of the inner sleeve and toward a central region in the target cavity. This countercurrent flow suppresses natural convection that tends to reduce the density of the target fluid in the beam path and tends to increase the heat transfer from the target.

Abstract: A waste material processing system includes a closed container for holding waste material having a first passage in which the waste material flows in a first direction, the first passage having first and second ends, the first end including an inlet for waste material, a second passage in which the waste material flows in a direction opposite the first direction, the second passage having first and second ends, the second end including an outlet. The first passage is separated from the second passage by a divider, the second end of the first passage being adjacent the first end of the second passage, and the first end of the first passage being adjacent the second end of the second passage. A heating device is positioned in the first passage and/or the second passage to heat the waste material with a gas and to induce the waste material to move in a corkscrew-like fashion.

Abstract: An downstream plasma boundary layer shielding system includes film cooling apertures disposed through a wall having cold and hot surfaces and angled in a downstream direction from a cold surface of the wall to an outer hot surface of the wall. A plasma generator located downstream of the film cooling apertures is used for producing a plasma extending downstream over the film cooling apertures. Each plasma generator includes inner and outer electrodes separated by a dielectric material disposed within a groove in the outer hot surface. The wall may be part of a hollow airfoil or an annular combustor or exhaust liner. A method for operating the downstream plasma boundary layer shielding system includes forming a plasma extending in the downstream direction over the film cooling apertures along the outer hot surface of the wall. The method may further include operating the plasma generator in steady state or unsteady modes.

Abstract: A heat exchanger which has a base plate and several carrier plates projecting from the base plate. At least one cooling element is located on each carrier plate. The cooling elements have a substrate with an underside and an upper side. Webs project from the upper side of the substrate and lie one behind the other, the height of which is less than the distance between adjacent webs. The substrate has a plurality of regularly arranged channels that extend through the substrate.

Abstract: The convector includes at least one finned tube bundle (7) in the tubes of which a fluid to be cooled is made to circulate and at least one fan (11) producing an air flow that strikes the outside of said finned tubes. The convector includes an adiabatic chamber (13) through which a air flow (F1) passes, positioned upstream of the tube bundle (7), inside which water is nebulized and vaporized. The adiabatic chamber (13) is defined by side walls (5) and by at least two evaporation honeycomb fill packs (15, 17).

Abstract: A rotary-type total heat exchanger (10) includes two blowers (21, 22), a rotary wheel (33), an air-guiding member (41) and an air-regulating member (42). The blowers are used to provide a first airflow and a second airflow into the total heat exchanger. The rotary wheel defines therein a plurality of air passageways (331). Upon rotation, the rotary wheel is capable of exchanging heat and moisture between the airflows when the airflows separately flow though the air passageways of the rotary wheel. The air-guiding member is in fluid communication with one of the blowers for guiding one of the airflows toward the rotary wheel. The air-regulating member is located between the rotary wheel and the air-guiding member for distributing the guided airflow over the air passageways of the rotary wheel.

Abstract: A diamond foam spray cooling system for improving the thermal management of a heat producing device. The diamond foam spray cooling system includes a thermal management unit including a spray assembly, a chamber, a heat spreader and at least one diamond foam section thermally attached to a cooling surface of the heat spreader. The spray assembly sprays liquid coolant directly upon the engaging surface of the diamond foam section. A portion of the liquid coolant is evaporated from contacting the engaging surface and a portion of the liquid coolant passes into an immersion zone within the diamond foam section. Alternatively, the diamond foam section is thermally attached directly to the heat producing device. The diamond foam section may have varying thicknesses, cavities, raised portions and other configurations.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning unit includes an air duct, through which air is blown into a passenger compartment, and a partition board, which partitions the air duct in its inside into a first air passage and a second air passage. Temperature of air in the first air passage and temperature of air in the second air passage can be separately controlled. The air duct has a recess on its one side. An air conditioning device is disposed in the recess. The partition board is deformed correspondingly to the recess so that a corresponding cross-sectional area of the first air passage and a corresponding cross-sectional area of the second air passage should be approximately equal.

Abstract: An electronic device has at least one component that is capable of generating a quantity of heat. The electronic device further has an air-moving device and an air duct. The air moving device is capable of creating a flow of air that removes a portion of the quantity of heat. The flow of air enters the air duct. The air duct has a restriction chamber that includes a venturi vent in which the flow of air into the duct and through the restriction chamber creates a new flow of air into the venturi vent. The new flow of air into the venturi vent does not pass over the at least one component in the electronic device.

Abstract: A heat exchange arrangement for a vehicle has at least two heat exchangers exposed to the action of ambient air. One of the heat exchanger is coolant cooler and the other one is a charge-air coolant. Each of these coolers has tubes through which liquid or gas flows and heat dissipating ribs connected to the tubes. The coolant cooler is positioned upstream of the charge-air cooler in the air-flow direction. The charge-air cooler has an overlapping region in which the coolant cooler and the charge-air cooler overlap one another and a non-overlapping region in which the coolant cooler projects substantially perpendicularly to the cooling air flow direction. The non-overlapping region is formed at least in the charge-air outlet region and is cooled directly by ambient cooling air. The overlapping region is cooled by the ambient cooling air that has passed through the coolant cooler, which is positioned immediately upstream of the overlapping region of the charge-air cooler.

Abstract: The subject invention includes a heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) assembly having a housing with an inlet and at least one outlet for directing a flow of air into a passenger compartment. An evaporator core is disposed within the housing downstream of the inlet and upstream from the outlet. A heater core is disposed within the housing between the evaporator core and the outlet with the heater core having an upstream surface generally facing the evaporator core and a downstream surface generally facing the outlet. The heater core includes a first portion and a second portion being angled relative to the first portion such that the upstream surface of the first portion at least partially faces the upstream surface of the second portion to define an angled heater core facing the evaporator core wherein air flowing over the upstream surfaces is evenly distributed across both of the first and second portions, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the heater core.

Abstract: Disclosed is a spiral heat exchanging device having an improved cooling efficiency in which a plurality of spiral pipes connected to an inlet pipe for introducing a coolant are formed to be spirally wound with a gradually increased diameter toward a blast fan and the coolant is discharged through a discharge pipe so that the wind generated from the blast fan is spread evenly on the spiral pipes.

Abstract: An arrangement of fins or other convective heat transfer surfaces which provides an improved value of heat transfer per unit pressure drop of the flowing fluid, for a defined geometric envelope. There are at least two flowpaths in parallel. Each flowpath contains a wide densely-surfaced region, called a heat transfer region, which accomplishes heat transfer at a reduced velocity whereby the ratio of heat transfer to pressure drop for that region is improved. In series with that region, in the same flowpath, is a narrow sparsely-surfaced region, called a fluid flow region, which serves to transport the fluid, at higher velocity but with minimal pressure drop, through the region(s) not densely-surfaced. The respective wide and narrow regions can be oppositely placed so that the overall arrangement maintains a constant width dimension so as to resemble conventional design.

Abstract: A heat exchange arrangement for a vehicle has at least two heat exchangers exposed to the action of ambient air. One of the heat exchanger is coolant cooler and the other one is a charge-air coolant. Each of these coolers has tubes through which liquid or gas flows and heat dissipating ribs connected to the tubes. The coolant cooler is positioned upstream of the charge-air cooler in the air-flow direction. The charge-air cooler has an overlapping region in which the coolant cooler and the charge-air cooler overlap one another and a non-overlapping region in which the coolant cooler projects substantially perpendicularly to the cooling air flow direction. The non-overlapping region is formed at least in the charge-air outlet region and is cooled directly by ambient cooling air. The overlapping region is cooled by the ambient cooling air that has passed through the coolant cooler, which is positioned immediately upstream of the overlapping region of the charge-air cooler.

Abstract: An electronic device has at least one component that is capable of generating a quantity of heat. The electronic device further has an air-moving device and an air duct. The air moving device is capable of creating a flow of air that removes a portion of the quantity of heat. The flow of air enters the air duct. The air duct has a restriction chamber that includes a venturi vent in which the flow of air into the duct and through the restriction chamber creates a new flow of air into the venturi vent. The new flow of air into the venturi vent does not pass over the at least one component in the electronic device.

Abstract: An electronic device has at least one component that is capable of generating a quantity of heat. The electronic device further has an air-moving device and an air duct. The air moving device is capable of creating a flow of air that removes a portion of the quantity of heat. The flow of air enters the air duct. The air duct has a restriction chamber that includes a venturi vent in which the flow of air into the duct and through the restriction chamber creates a new flow of air into the venturi vent. The new flow of air into the venturi vent does not pass over the at least one component in the electronic device.

Abstract: A process for making a deflection member comprises steps of: providing a coating of a liquid curable material supported by a forming surface; providing a source of curing radiation; providing a mask having a pattern of transparent regions and opaque regions therein, and a pattern of a three-dimensional topography; positioning the mask in a face-to-face contact with the coating to selectively shield the coating with the opaque regions of the mask, and to form in the coating a three-dimensional pattern approximating the three-dimensional topography of the mask; curing the curable material, wherein the opaque regions of the mask at least partially shield selected areas of the coating from the curing radiation such that the selected areas are cured through at least a portion of their thickness; and then removing substantially all uncured material to leave a hardened resinous structure.

Abstract: An air flow mixer structure for a vehicle air conditioning system has a first conduit for a first air flow, a second conduit for a second air flow, an opening between said first and second conduits for merging said first and second air flows in a merging region and a common air channel for said merged air flows, the mixer structure having an air inlet region and an air outlet region opening into said merging region, the structure comprising plural air passages disposed between said inlet region and said outlet region for dividing an air flow at said inlet region into plural air flows at plural said openings into said merging region.

Abstract: A heat dissipation apparatus for dissipating heat of a semiconductor chip module is disclosed. The heat dissipation apparatus includes a base, a plurality of fins, and a heat transfer pipe. The heat transfer pipe has a first opening and a second opening. The first opening is adjacent to the fins which are arranged over the base. The second opening is in a cooling ambient. The heat generated from the semiconductor chip module is conducted away by the base, the fins and then transferred into the cooling ambient through the heat transfer pipe.

Abstract: An air inlet duct is provided for a heat exchanger of a vehicle. The heat exchanger having a top portion and a bottom portion for receiving air from an air inlet duct. The duct has an outer wall that fits against the heat exchanger and a center baffle for dividing air flow equally to the top and bottom portions of the heat exchanger. The center baffle has at least one member with a vertical portion dividing the air inlet into a plurality of vertical sections and at least one horizontal portion combining alternate ones of the vertical sections and directing air flowing therethrough to the top portion of the heat exchanger and also combining other alternate ones of the vertical sections and directing air flowing therethrough to the bottom portion of the heat exchanger so that the top and bottom portions receive substantially equal air flow.

Abstract: A compact, rugged and light weight condenser structure for a heat exchange system, preferably fabricated in layers and incorporating a jet fin structure for heat exchange with a single phase coolant fluid and tapered passages to maintain relatively constant vapor flow velocity and a consistent, high efficiency flow regime in a refrigerant fluid including vapor and liquid phases. Layered construction permits economical fabrication of the condenser in a plurality of configurations and heat exchange capacities. Tapered configuration of the refrigerant passages, together with the consistent distribution of jet fin heat exchange to the coolant allows a flow regime to be maintained which is highly tolerant of variation in the direction and force of acceleration forces on the condenser. Accordingly, a condenser capable of highly consistent heat exchange performance over a wide range of acceleration conditions is provided.

Abstract: A thermodynamic system, such as a vapor compression refrigeration system, in which a binary expansion valve allows pulsed high velocity flow to an evaporator through an isentropic flow nozzle wherein the valve is controlled in response to evaporator pressure.

Abstract: A method for the efficient cooling of a cavity-bearing surface is disclosed. The method includes the provision of an extra-fine coolant mist to the surface to be cooled wherein the surface has at least two projections and at least one cavity therebetween. The mist is deposited so as to form an ultra-thin coolant film upon the surface and at least one coolant mist vortex within the cavity. The film is evaporated from its outside surface.

Abstract: A shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a tube sheet having partition grooves used to form joints with partition plates contained within the exchanger head. The partition plates define chambers within the head of the exchanger which direct the fluid through the exchanger tubes and which allow for the use of an unequal number of tubes per tube-side pass.

Abstract: An evaporation heat exchanger having at least one active circulating circuit for a coolant liquid to be cooled, is constructed for removing heat in a spacecraft under a gravity-free operating condition and under different acceleration conditions. For this purpose, a housing encloses an evaporating space provided with at least one inlet valve for controlling the admission of a medium to be evaporated. The produced vapor or steam is discharged through a respective outlet port. A plurality of cooling tubes interconnected in a meandering shape form a number of tube panels in which the individual tubes are arranged with a different spacing from one another in a direction from the inlet valve to the outlet port. Preferably, these spacings increase in the flow direction from the inlet port to the outlet port to establish a constant flow speed for the evaporating medium. The tubes forming a panel may be arranged in a zig-zag pattern within the panel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed using a combination of convection and conduction cooling to cool an article in an evacuated environment. A processing chamber is used which includes at least one heat sink. A flat surface of the article to be cooled is positioned within the chamber in a spaced apart facing parallel relationship to a facing surface of the heat sink. High conductivity gases are admitted into the chamber to accomplish cooling of the article.

Abstract: A condenser comprises a plurality of tubes arranged between a pair of header pipes, and a plurality of fins divided into a first group and a second group, the first group being arranged between the plurality of tubes, and two plates arranged between the pair of header pipes at lower end portions thereof for holding the second group.

Abstract: An improved air flow enhancing stack for use with an air cooled heat exchanger designed for natural convection cooling. The stack includes a lower conical section having a larger end attached to the natural convection air exhaust from the heat exchanger and a smaller end positioned above the larger end. A central cylindrical section having a diameter equal to the diameter of the smaller end of the lower conical section is attached to the upper end of the lower conical section. An upper conical section, having a smaller end of diameter equal to the cylindrical section, is attached to the upper end of the cylindrical section and has its larger end positioned above its smaller end. A complete air enhancing stack provides improved convection cooling as compared to a conventional straight exhaust stack.

Abstract: Various heat exchange apparatuses are described in which an oscillating flow of primary coolant is used to dissipate an incident heat flux. The oscillating flow may be imparted by a reciprocating piston, a double action twin reciprocating piston, fluidic oscillators or electromagnetic pumps. The oscillating fluid flows through at least one conduit in either an open loop or a closed loop. A secondary flow of coolant may be used to flow over the outer walls of at least one conduit to remove heat transferred from the primary coolant to the walls of the conduit.

Abstract: In a plate heat exchanger for climbing film evaporating of a fluid, vertically arranged heat transfer plates (1, 2) delimit evaporating passages (4) and condensating passages (7) between themselves. Each evaporating passage (4) has a fluid inlet (5) at its lower portion and an outlet (6) for concentrated fluid and generated vapor at its upper portion, which outlet (6) is located at one vertical side of the heat transfer plates. To provide a desired distribution of the fluid and the vapor in each of the evaporating passages (4), at least alternate heat transfer plate (1), in its lower portion (17A) closest to the inlet (5) for fluid, has been provided with a number of zones (23A-26A), having different pressing pattern of corrugation ridges and grooves.

Abstract: A side by side refrigerator has a vertical evaporator formed from an elongated tube wrapped with a ribbon of material having spine fins extending substantially perpendicular from the elongated tube. The elongated tube has elongated straight runs joined by return bent ends to define a vertically extending evaporator having a generally oval spiral or configuration. In one embodiment, the elongated straight runs are spaced from each other throughout the vertical length of the evaporator to provide a space of constant area for air flow.

Abstract: A spine fin refrigerator evaporator is formed of lower and upper sections of elongated straight runs, which have fins thereon and have their ends connected to each other by return bent ends. The lower section is formed with two rows of the elongated straight runs in an A shape to provide a passage therebetween through which air initially flows through the evaporator so that frost can be gathered without blocking air flow therethrough. The upper section has three rows of the elongated straight runs with the fins of adjacent rows overlapping each other to provide an efficient heat transfer from the refrigerant in the elongated straight runs to the air whereby the lower and upper sections combine to provide a practical and efficient evaporator. If desired, the upper and lower sections can be vertically spaced from each other to have a defrost heater disposed therebetween.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes an evaporator formed from an elongated tube wrapped with a ribbon of material having spine fins extending perpendiculary from the tube. Elongated, horizontal passes of tube are arranged in vertically extending rows defining vertically extending air flow passages. Fins extending into the lower portions of the air flow passages are bent from their perpendicular relationship with the tube.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed using a combination of convection and conduction cooling to cool an article in an evacuated environment. A processing chamber is used which includes at least one heat sink. A flat surface of the article to be cooled is positioned within the chamber in a spaced apart facing parallel relationship to a facing surface of the heat sink. High conductivity gases are admitted into the chamber to accomplish cooling of the article.

Abstract: A radiator cooling apparatus for an automotive internal combustion engine is provided. The apparatus comprises an air suction duct or air injection duct connected to a closed-type blower. The suction duct draws ambient air through the core of the radiator and cools the hot water in the core. The injection duct injects ambient air toward the core and cools the hot water in the core. On the active surface of the duct, a plurality of bellmouths or nozzles are formed. The existing fan is removed from the engine, whereby fan noise is eliminated.

Abstract: A plate-type heat exchanger comprises a stack of flat tubes each composed of a pair of confronting core plates jointed to each other and defining a fluid passage. A cross sectional area of the fluid passage is increased along the flowing direction of tbe refrigerant. A plurality of ribs are disposed on the fluid passage. A flowing resistance of the ribs which are disposed near an outlet tank is lower than that of the ribs which are disposed near an inlet tank.

Abstract: A plurality of baffles for adjacent finned tubes of a heat exchanger wherein a first fluid flows in the finned tubes and a second fluid of a different temperature flows past the finned tubes in heat transfer relationship therewith, include a baffle for each adjacent pair of finned tubes. A first flow path for second fluid extends in between baffles at one of the finned tubes, and a second flow path for second fluid extends in between baffles at an adjacent other of the finned tubes. The second flow path is larger between baffles at the other finned tube than the first flow path between baffles at the one finned tubes, and the second flow path is longer along baffles at the other finned tube than the first flow path along baffles at the one finned tube.

Abstract: A plate-type heat exchanger comprises a stack of flat tubes each composed of a pair of confronting core plates jointed to each other and defining a fluid passage. A cross sectional area of the fluid passage is increased along the flowing direction of the refrigerant. A plurality of ribs are disposed on the fluid passage. A flowing resistance of the ribs which are disposed near an outlet tank is lower than that of the ribs which are disposed near an inlet tank.

Abstract: A method for generating power and a power supply for use in the atmosphere on Mars that use the Martian atmosphere as a working fluid. The power supply has an open Brayton cycle combined turbocompressor and turbogenerator that use the Martian atmosphere for their operation. The Martian atmosphere working fluid picks up heat derived from a nuclear heat source that transfers the heat to the working fluid by laminar flow heat exchange. The combined turbocompressor and turbogenerator have provisions for separating dust from the dust laden Martian atmosphere and for operating with any residual Martian atmospheric dust that is ingested into the combined turbocompressor and turbogenerator. Reliability of operation is achieved by having two functionally separate power operating units that each have their own combined turbocompressor and turbogenerator and by only using one power unit at a time.

Abstract: Heating apparatus for heating an environment comprises one or more heat exchange conduits (A, B, C, D, E, F, 6, 8) located in the flow path of primary heated fluid (F1-F2), and a device (4) for inducing a flow of air in each conduit, each conduit being adapted to carry air into, through and out of a heat flow path to the environment (2), the arrangement being such that, in use, air within the conduits progresses from a cooler to a hotter part of the heat flow path, and the conduits are spaced closer together toward the downstream direction of the flow path to improve the efficiency of heat exchange between the primary heated fluid and secondary air in the conduits.

Abstract: A finned tube heat exchanger having an improved flat louver fin configuration for increased heat transfer efficiency and low air pressure drop. The fins comprise generally planar sheet metal plates having a pattern of spaced apertures for receiving a group of heat exchanger tubes perpendicularly to the fin plate. Groups of louvers are formed as elongate strips extending generally in an area between adjacent tubes. The strips are selectively offset, i.e. raised or lowered from the nominal plane of the fin, so as to establish a louver pattern having flat louvers in a number of different planes each parallel to the direction of flow of air across the fin. Stiffness is provided for the fin plate by providing a slope and offset of the leading and trailing edges of the fin plate such that they are displaced in a direction parallel to the axes of the tube.

Abstract: In flat heat exchangers for ventilating dwellings, swimming pools, public premises, etc., which are used for air entering and leaving, problems arise when the air entering has low temperature. This results in a cold corner (A) appearing in the heat exchanger and its efficiency thus being reduced. The object of the present invention is to reduce the effect of the cold corner by introducing throttling means (9) along a number of the channels (3) for air leaving. The throttling means (9) are of equal size along one and the same channel, but different in the different channels (3), the channel (3) with the smallest throttling means (9) being located closest to the inlet for the air.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for cooling cracked gas has a nest of heat-exchange tubes (1) that the gas flows through and that are secured at the ends in bases (2 and 3) and surrounded by a jacket (4) that demarcates in conjunction with the bases a chamber occupied by evaporating water. Each heat-exchange tube has two sections (10 and 11) that differ in diameter and communicate through a cone (12). The section (11) with the longest diameter is at the emerging-gas end of the heat-exchange tube.

Abstract: A heat exchanger including a perforated heat transmission element, a heat transmission enhancing device for producing a pressure difference between opposite surfaces of at least a portion of the perforated heat transmission element, and a main fluid flow guiding structure for guiding the fluid along the perforated heat transmission elements without substantial flow of the fluid through the perforations.

Abstract: A ventilating heat recovery system is used for exchanging heat between fresh air introduced to a building and stale air exhausted from the building. The system is designed to provide a long, counterflow heat exchange path. The system includes a stack of rectangular plates coupled to arcuate duct sections to provide to interleaved sinuous air paths in heat exchange relation with one another.

Abstract: In an air ducting system for cooling air in an air duct in the front end of a motor vehicle, which is positioned with the air outlet at the underside of the front end in front of a capsule surrounding the engine compartment of the motor vehicle, a plurality of aerodynamically shaped hollow guide vanes internally traversed by a cooling medium which divide the air duct into a plurality of subducts is arranged as far as the air outlet opening at the underside of the front end in order to improve the airflow in the air duct and to cool the cooling medium.

Abstract: A method and exemplary apparatus are disclosed for increasing the heat transfer capabilities between a nominally planar, but actually slightly concave, first surface (such as the substrate of a micropackage) and a planar second surface such as a heat sink. This result is obtained by filling any non-contacting space intermediate the heat transfer surfaces of the thermal interface with helium. In a test environment for a micropackage, the heat transferring surfaces are, respectively, a substrate outer face of the micropackage and a planar surface of a test fixture heatsink. Helium is introduced, under pressure, through one or more apertures provided in the heatsink planar surface to displace air and occupy any non-contacting space between the heat transferring surface which result from the presence of non-planar regions of the substrate outer face, particularly those resulting from quasi-spherical surface distortion.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for the exchange of heat between two media (Ma, Mb), each of which flows through a respective one of two chambers (A, B) mutually separated by a medium-impervious partition wall (5) made of thermal conductive material. The interior of each of the flow chambers, or at least of one flow chamber, is divided into a large number of medium-flow passages, which are connected in parallel with respect to the flow of medium passing therethrough. The flow passages (13, and 17) have a substantially rectangular cross-section having a flow area which is so adapted in respect of the medium flowing therethrough that the flow in the passages is substantially laminar throughout the whole length of the passages, without a central turbulent zone. The passage walls defining the flow passages comprise a highly thermal-conductive material and are formed integrally with, or in good heat-conducting contact with the partition wall (5) located between the two flow chambers (A, B).