Abstract: A deflector shaped in cross-section like an airfoil directs a stream of fluid such as air from a source such as a fan towards a heat-generating component such as a chip to improve cooling of the component. The foil is invented as compared with an airplane wing to produce an inverse "lift" at reduced temperature to cool a heat sink thermally connected to a heat-producing component. The airfoil effect also moves air away from the component at increased velocity to cool it more rapidly. In confined areas multiple deflectors may be arranged in the manner of sails of a boat for augmented cooling.

Abstract: A plurality of protrusions 32 are formed in a longitudinal direction on the outer surface of a heat transmission pipe, a convex portion 33 and a concave portion 34 adjacent thereto of each of the protrusions 32 are each in the form of a curved surface, the curvature radius of the concave portion 34 is made larger than the curvature radius of the convex portion 33, and a groove 34A is formed in the bottom of the concave portion so that the absorption solution dropping onto the heat transmission pipe 31 flows from the concave portion 34 over the convex portion 33 to the next concave portion 34 smoothly, the shifting of the absorption solution in the concave portion 34 is carried out smoothly, and Marangoni convections generated in the convex portion 33 and the concave portion 34 interfere with each other.

Abstract: Heat exchanger has a first surface on which a first fluid flows and a second surface on which a second fluid flows, at least one of the first and second surfaces has at least two projections and a bottom therebetween, and an imaginary line on the bottom along a shortest distance between the projections adjacent to each other is prevented from extending along an imaginary face substantially parallel to a main flow direction of one of the first and second fluids which flows over the bottom.