Abstract: A method and apparatus for fluid treatment of a selected interval of a well and then cleaning the selected interval and the apparatus of treatment residue. An Out/In straddle tool is run into the well to treatment depth on fluid supplying tubing and has upper and lower packers that establish sealing with the casing and define an annular interval between the packers and between the tool and casing. Fluid, such as fracturing fluid, is pumped through the tubing to the tool and is diverted through an Out port of the tool into an upper portion of the annular interval. Fluid then flows from a lower portion of the annular interval through an In port below the Out port and at low flow rate is dumped into the casing through a pressure responsive dump valve. The Out port and In port are located to accomplish cleaning of residue from the packers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating a subterranean well formation to stimulate the production of hydrocarbons utilizing foam diversion in the well formation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating foam cement and placing foam cement in an annulus between a casing and a wellbore. The method includes the steps of displacing cement downwardly in the casing and injecting a gas, preferably nitrogen, into the cement at a predetermined location downhole in the casing. The nitrogen may be injected through a ported sub. The ported sub may be connected in a tubing string that is lowered in the casing. The ported sub has a plurality of ports, which may have nozzles connected therein, that communicate a central opening through the ported sub with an annulus between the ported sub and the casing. The rate at which nitrogen is injected into the cement preferably increases from a leading edge of the cement to a trailing edge of the cement so that a consistent foam cement quality is achieved.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides a method and apparatus for injecting a compressible fluid at a controlled flow rate into a geological formation at multiple zones of interest. In one aspect, the invention provides a tubing string with a pocket and a nozzle at each isolated zone. The nozzle permits a predetermined, controlled flow rate to be maintained at higher annulus to tubing pressure ratios. The nozzle includes a diffuser portion to recover lost steam pressure associated with critical flow as the steam exits the nozzle and enters a formation via perforations in wellbore casing. In another aspect, the invention ensures steam is injected into a formation in a predetermined proportion of water and vapor by providing a plurality of apertures between a tubing wall and a pocket. The apertures provide distribution of steam that maintains a relative mixture of water and vapor.

Abstract: A device for cleaning an inner pipe which comprises a nozzle head comprised of a feed borehole axially disposed therein, at least two rotation nozzles communicating with the feed borehole, at least two cleaning nozzles communicating with the feed borehole and a shaft. A rinsing nozzle communicates with the feed borehole and extends upwardly at an angle from the longitudinal axis of the feed borehole. The shaft is received in an outer sleeve whereby when the device is inserted into an inner pipe and a medium is flowed through the borehole and out of the rotation nozzles a force is generated when the medium emerging from the rotation nozzles contacts the wall of the inner pipe which force causes the nozzle head to rotate.

Abstract: A downhole tool for fracturing a subterranean formation according to which a tool having a plurality of discharge jets or nozzles is located in a spaced relation to a wall of the formation to form an annulus between the nozzles and the formation. An acid-containing, stimulation fluid is pumped at a predetermined pressure through the nozzles, into the annulus and against the wall of the formation. A gas is pumped into the annulus so that the stimulation fluid mixes with the gas to generate foam before the mixture is jetted towards the formation to impact the wall of the formation. The tool is adapted to bend, or tilt, so that the discharge jets can come in to proximity to the formation being fractured.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simple debris removal apparatus for use in a wellbore. In one aspect of the invention a modular, interchangeable venturi is provided which can be retrofit into an existing debris bailer having a filter and a debris collection container. In another aspect of the invention, a venturi is utilized to create a negative pressure in a wellbore sufficient to actuate a retrieval tool for a downhole device. In yet another aspect of the invention, a combination tool is provided which can evacuate debris in a wellbore, thereby uncovering a downhole device which can then be removed in a single trip. In yet another aspect of the invention, a debris removal apparatus is provided with a method for utilizing the apparatus in a wellbore on coiled tubing.

Abstract: A simple debris removal apparatus for use in a wellbore. In one aspect of the invention a modular, interchangeable venturi is provided which can be retrofit into an existing debris bailer having a filter and a debris collection container. In another aspect of the invention, a venturi is utilized to create a negative pressure in a wellbore sufficient to actuate a retrieval tool for a downhole device. In yet another aspect of the invention, a combination tool is provided which can evacuate debris in a wellbore, thereby uncovering a downhole device which can then be removed in a single trip. In yet another aspect of the invention, a debris removal apparatus is provided with a method for utilizing the apparatus in a wellbore on coiled tubing.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for substantially cleaning fill from a borehole, variously including in preferred embodiments disturbing, particulate solids of fill while RIH, entraining particulates while POOH, jetting downhole while RIH and jetting uphole while POOH, and controlling at least one of a pump rate regime or a POOH rate regime.

Abstract: A fluid cutting tool and method for perforating or severing tubular members from inside. The tool is especially suited for use with a rotational drive system, such as a downhole motor, to separate downhole structures, such as stuck production tubing. The cutting tool preferably takes the form of an elongate metal body with an open first end connectable to the end of a downhole motor. The downhole end of the tool may be conical. A fluid conduit within the body of the tool communicates with the fluid channel in the downhole motor. Ports in the sides of the tool body direct jets of cutting fluid out the side of the tool. The tool attached to the motor is fed downhole until the tool is at the desired location in the well. Then the motor is operated to rotate the tool while cutting fluid is pumped through it. This causes the jets of fluid to be directed at the inner surface of the production tubing (or other tubular structure). This process is continued until the tubing is perforated or severed, as needed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating a subterranean well formation to stimulate the production of hydrocarbons utilizing foam diversion in the well formation. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure; and is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims under 37CFR 1.72.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enhancing the production of newly developed water wells and existing wells that have suffered a reduction in capacity due to plugging. A gas line directs gas under pressure to a relief valve carried in the production string at a location in the production zone of the well. When the applied pressure reaches the pressure setting of the relief valve, the valve opens to apply air sidewardly in bursts which create shock waves to dislodge built up material from the well screen and the surrounding filter pack and formation fractures. Following each burst, the pressure conditions create a flushing effect which draws water back into the well along with the bacteria and particles that were dislodged. A submersible pump or airlift assembly in the production string then delivers the dislodged materials to the surface.

Abstract: An improved abrasive slurry delivery apparatus and associated method of using same that permits repeated and/or extended use of the apparatus in a subterranean wellbore, and reduces abrasive wear during fracturing operations while increasing pump rate and proppant mass delivery capabilities. In a preferred embodiment, an abrasive slurry delivery apparatus has a tubular crossover member with an internal flow passage and sidewall outlet openings formed with or without removable inserts formed from abrasive resistant materials. The internal flow passage is eccentrically offset to enlarge the effective flow cross-section, provide for tool passage clearance and to increase wall thickness for protection of a return flow passageway. The sidewall opening is positioned such that the opening is isolated from the secondary flow passageway.

Abstract: An annulus collar around a well production tube is cast in cement by a procedure that axially delineates the collar between two expandable well packers in the production tube string. Between the packers are a pair of cementing valves. An ingress valve is most proximate to the lower packer whereas an egress valve is most proximate to the upper packer. Additionally, the egress valve is modified to enclose the egress valve with a screen having mesh or slot openings that correspond with a screen plugging material that is mixed with the cement.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simple debris removal apparatus for use in a wellbore. In one aspect of the invention a modular, interchangeable venturi is provided which can be retrofit into an existing debris bailer having a filter and a debris collection container. In another aspect of the invention, a venturi is utilized to create a negative pressure in a wellbore sufficient to actuate a retrieval tool for a downhole device. In yet another aspect of the invention, a combination tool is provided which can evacuate debris in a wellbore, thereby uncovering a downhole device which can then be removed in a single trip. In yet another aspect of the invention, a debris removal apparatus is provided with a method for utilizing the apparatus in a wellbore on coiled tubing.

Abstract: A cleanup tool is described for use in a wellbore, the tool having a body which defines flow passages which communicate with the venturi chamber, the venturi chamber itself communicating with a discharge passage for radially or near radially discharging jetted fluid for cleaning a well head or the like. The tool may further include or be associated with filtration devices, including a junk basket or filter screen.

Abstract: The invention provides a head for injecting a liquid under pressure from a borehole to break up the soil, said head being mounted at the end of a drill string including liquid feed means for feeding a liquid under pressure. The head comprises a body and an outside wall, the body having at least one injection nozzle mounted therein, the nozzle having an inlet diameter equal to d and presenting an axis x,x′, the body also having duct-forming means. The duct-forming means present a mean line having a first end connected to the bottom end of the liquid feed means and having a second end connected to the nozzle tangentially to the axis x,x′. The mean line is defined by at least one curved portion presenting a radius of curvature that varies continuously. The right section of the duct-forming means decreases regularly over at least half of its length from its first end to its second end.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simple debris removal apparatus for use in a wellbore. In one aspect of the invention a modular, interchangeable venturi is provided which can be retrofit into an existing debris bailer having a filter and a debris collection container. In another aspect of the invention, a venturi is utilized to create a negative pressure in a wellbore sufficient to actuate a retrieval tool for a downhole device. In yet another aspect of the invention, a combination tool is provided which can evacuate debris in a wellbore, thereby uncovering a downhole device which can then be removed in a single trip. In yet another aspect of the invention, a debris removal apparatus is provided with a method for utilizing the apparatus in a wellbore on coiled tubing.

Abstract: A down-hole tool 1 has a body of varying cross-sectional diameter to correspond with a stepped profile of a well bore, such as at the well head. The tool is provided with cleaning members, such as bristles, and fluid circulation paths terminating in radial outlets 11 for cleaning otherwise difficult formations or profiles.

Abstract: Apparatus (10) for facilitating coupling and cementing of downhole tubulars (12, 28) comprises a tubing section (12, 10) for use in lining a bore. The tubing section has upper and lower ends and defines a tubing wall having cement outlets (20) spaced from the lower end of the tubing. The lower end of the tubing is selectively closed, and swab cups (22) are provided externally of the lower end of the tubing below the cement outlets (20) for restricting passage of cement.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus and method for perforating and treating multiple intervals of one or more subterranean formations intersected by a wellbore by deploying a bottom-hole assembly (“BHA”) having a perforating device and at least one sealing mechanism within said wellbore. The BHA may be deployed in the wellbore using a tubing string or cable; or alternatively, the BHA may be deployed using a tractor system attached directly to the BHA. The perforating device is used to perforate the first interval to be treated. Then the BHA is positioned within the wellbore such that the sealing mechanism, when actuated, establishes a hydraulic seal in the wellbore to positively force fluid to enter the perforations corresponding to the first interval to be treated. A treating fluid is then pumped down the wellbore and into the perforations created in the perforated interval.

Abstract: A fluid jetting nozzle includes a nozzle head and at least one jetting orifice in the nozzle head, the jetting orifice(s) being capable of ejecting a mixture that includes substantially spherically shaped solid particles and fluid to loosen obstructive material from a metallic surface.

Abstract: Run into a well, e.g., in a tube, on a pipe string is a hydromechanical cleaner. The bridge is washed out by the direct desending flow of drilling mud pumped through the pipe string 2. The cleaner is moved downward as the bridge is washed out by moving the pipe string. Ascending flow of drilling mud rotates cleaning heads in opposite directions. Cutting knives of the cleaning heads mechanically remove deposits from the walls of tubing 1. Deposits from the walls are removed mechanically during running of the cleaner into the well and during its lifting from the well. Products of the washed out bridge and deposits are removed from the well by an ascending flow through the side branch pipe of the wellhead circulating head. The device for embodiment of the method includes also a mechanism for moving the pipe string and a pump unit.

Abstract: A method of oil/gas well stimulation. Firstly, positioning a venturi-style pumping apparatus (12) in a wellbore (14) within a selected production zone (16) of an oil/gas producing formation (18). The pumping apparatus (12) is connected to a first conduit (21) and a second conduit (25). Secondly, activating the pumping apparatus (12) to induce a flushing of fluids and contaminants from the oil/gas producing formation (18) into the wellbore (14). Thirdly, pumping power fluid that powers the pumping apparatus (12) via the first conduit (21) and directing a portion of the power fluid through at least one fluidizing nozzle (15) to sufficiently fluidize contaminants to enable the contaminants to be removed from the wellbore (14) along with pumped fluids by the pumping apparatus (12) via the second conduit (25).

Abstract: A system capable of removing scale deposits from an interior metallic surface of a conduit includes a mixture including a plurality of substantially spherically shaped solid particles and fluid, a mixture delivery tubing insertable into the conduit, and a nozzle attached to the mixture delivery tubing. The nozzle includes a plurality of nozzle jets and is capable of ejecting the mixture to loosen scale deposits from the interior metallic surface of the conduit.

Abstract: A two-way repeatable flushing device, comprising a flushing member for flushingupwards into the annular space between drill pipe and bore hole wall or lining pipe. Flushing is ensured by means of a remotely controlled valve and a balanced pressure control by associated valve parts and by means of pressure liquid to provide a controlled distribution of the flow downwards and upwards respectively, and the hydraulic conditions are thereby improved by hole cleaning during the drilling operation itself. The solution is particularly of interest for use in particularly complicated, long-range wells having significant paths in a horizontal direction. The flushing member ensures a satisfactory hole cleaning as a consequence of improved hydraulic conditions in the annular space.

Abstract: The present invention provides a downhole cutting tool for cutting materials at a worksite in a wellbore. The cutting tool includes a cutting end that is adapted to discharge a high pressure fluid therefrom. A power unit in the tool includes a plurality of serially arranged pressure stages, wherein each such stage increases the fluid pressure above its preceding stage until the desired high pressure has been obtained. The high pressure fluid is discharged through the cutting end to effect cutting of a material. A pulsar in the tool is provided to pulse the fluid before it is discharged through the nozzle, which enables the use of lower pressure compared to the pressure required without pulsation of the fluid. A control unit controls the position and orientation of the cutting end relative to the material and may be programmed to cut the material according a predetermined pattern provided to the control unit.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for circulating fluid in a borehole is described. The apparatus comprises a tubular assembly (1; 40; 60) which has an axial through passage (21, 18; 47; 19) between a fluid inlet (21) and first fluid outlet (19). The fluid inlet (21) and the first fluid outlet (19) are connected (13, 20) in a work string which is supported from the surface above the borehole. There is a second outlet (16; 42, 48) which extends generally transversely of the assembly (1; 40; 60). An obturating member (9) is moveable between a first position in which the second fluid outlet (16; 42, 48) is closed and a second position which permits fluid flow through the second outlet (16; 42, 48). An engagement mechanism (12, 6, 7; 68, 69) is moveable between an engaged configuration in which the obturating member (9) is maintained in one of the first and second positions, and a disengaged configuration in which the obturating member (9) is in the other of the first and second positions.

Abstract: A non-plugging nozzle and self-cleaning drilling tool incorporating the nozzle is provided. The nozzle has a body that defines a central passageway extending axially from the top to the bottom of the body. The central passageway defines an inlet orifice at the top and an exit orifice at the bottom. A side passageway extends through the side wall of the nozzle and communicates with a cylindrical portion of the central passageway, the intersection of which defines a side inlet orifice that is substantially square. Because the intersection is substantially square, particles may not become trapped within the nozzle and plug the side passageway. When incorporated into a drilling tool, particularly a polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit, the drilling tool becomes self cleaning. The side passageway of the nozzle is directed at the voids formed in the cutting face of the drilling tool creating a cross flow through the voids and preventing accumulation and balling therein.

Abstract: A method and assembly for treating a portion (e.g. horizontal) of a wellbore for removing solids and for producing fluids therefrom. The assembly is comprised of dual flowpaths (e.g. tubing strings) extend from the surface into the portion of the wellbore to be treated and produced. A liner is connected on the lower end of the first flowpath while the second flowpath terminates within the upper end of the wellbore portion. A treating fluid is flowed down the first flowpath and through the liner into the wellbore to wash and entrain solids therein. The treating fluid and solids are then circulated back to the surface through the second flowpath. After treatment, the second flowpath is closed and fluids are produced through the liner and to the surface through the first flowpath.

Abstract: A cleaning device for a well bore which is adapted to be connected to a drill string for insertion into the well bore and through which cleaning fluid is pumped, comprises an elongated outer sleeve having an axially extending through bore therein and at least one port in the side wall of the outer sleeve, each of which ports is axially spaced along the outer sleeve. An elongated inner sleeve having, an axially extending through bore therein is coaxial with and axially slidable within the outer sleeve. An annular seating collar is located within the through bore in the inner sleeve and at least one port is provided in the side of the inner sleeve. The ports are axially spaced along the inner sleeve. Pressure sensitive stops means serve to retain the inner sleeve in place within the outer sleeve at each of a plurality of predetermined axially spaced positions in turn.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating a long interval within a wellbore wherein a treatment fluid is delivered to selected levels within the interval by blocking flow to certain zones while allowing flow to others. A treatment tube extends substantially through the interval and is comprised of a perforated conduit which is open at its upper end and which has a plurality of openings spaced along its length. Each of the openings have a valve seat within the conduit at its entrance which is adapted to receive a valve to seal and block flow through that opening. In operation, a treatment fluid is flowed through the treatment tube and out the openings into different levels within wellbore. At desired intervals, the valve are introduced into the treatment fluid and are carried into the treatment tube to seat at a respective opening to thereby block flow through that opening while allowing continued flow through others.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for enhanced and improved viscous oil recovery are disclosed. A horizontal well is drilled through the viscous oil formation. A specially designed steam stinger is used to inject steam substantially uniformly into the entire horizontal extent of the well borehole without direct steam impingement on the production liner in the viscous oil formation. Heat from the steam mobilizes and lowers the viscosity of the heavy crude wherein the crude is then produced to the surface via conventional lift arrangements.

Abstract: A self-excited jet stimulation tool for cleaning and stimulating wells includes an elongated tubular first member adapted on an upper end for connection to a running string. The first member includes an upper portion with a central bore open to a top of the tool, and a lower portion having a cylindrical shaped cavity open to a bottom surface of the first member. The cylindrical cavity is internally threaded in a lower portion. The central bore of the first member is open to the cylindrical cavity for communication of fluids supplied by the running string. The tool further includes an elongated tubular second member having a top with a central flat circular portion and a central bore with a diameter larger than the diameter of the central bore of the first member but less than the diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the first member.

Abstract: A well treatment tool is installed along the sucker rod string of a well, within the surrounding production tube string. The tool provides for the distribution of a treatment fluid (solvent, etc.) within the fluid being pumped or flowing from the well. The tool receives treatment fluid through the hollow sucker rod string, and distributes the fluid through a valve which is set at a predetermined pressure. When the treatment fluid pumped down the sucker rod string from the surface exceeds the predetermined opening pressure of the valve, the treatment fluid is distributed into the production tube string through one or more passages in the tool. The present tool may be used simultaneously with well production, with fluid (oil, etc.) rising up the production tube string, carrying the treatment fluid therewith. The treatment fluid is thus distributed throughout the local fluid processing system, including pipelines from the well, any initial treatment operations, and any storage tanks.

Abstract: A method for removing a gravel-pack screen from a wellbore. of a well which has been "gravel packed". When it is desired to remove the screen from the wellbore, a washstring is lowered down the wellbore and into the interior of said screen. A wash fluid is then flowed fluid down the washstring and out through said screen into said mass of gravel surrounding the screen to fluidize, loosen, and remove said gravel. Once the mass of gravel has been loosen, the screen can then lifted upward out of said wellbore by applying a normal upward force the workstring which suspends the screen within the well.

Abstract: An erosion resistant downhole diverter tool (210) comprises a generally cylindrical body (212) which may be configured as a slick sub or may include stabilizing blades (260). Located within the body 212 are a plurality of erosion-resistant, removable, cylindrical inserts (220). Each insert has an aperture (222) formed therein, aligned with a corresponding aperture (218) formed in the cylindrical body (212). Located within the apertures (218) in the cylindrical body (212) are pressure responsive, normally-closed valve assemblies (300), incorporating jet nozzles, which open in response to increased fluid pressure within the tool to provide fluid jets directed into the annulus surrounding the tool in a borehole or the like. The upper ends of the stabilizer blades (260) may include cutting structures to provide a back-reaming function.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing solids from a substantially horizontal section of a wellbore which allows the use of coiled tubing as a workstring without requiring the removal of the production tubing from the wellbore. Guide tubing, which is left in the wellbore, extends from the surface through the horizontal section and is adapted to guide a string of slightly smaller-diameter, coiled tubing through the horizontal section. Wash fluid, e.g. water, flows through a nozzle on the coiled tubing and out through openings in the guide tubing directly into the solids to form a slurry therewith. The slurry is then pumped out of the wellbore through the production tubing and/or reenters the guide tubing through other opening(s) therein to flow to the surface through the annulus which exists between the coiled tubing and the guide tubing.

Abstract: A well tool having at least one alternate flowpath for delivering fluid to different levels in a wellbore wherein the flowpath is comprised of a conduit having a plurality of outlets spaced along its length which, in turn, are provided with inserts of erosion-resistant material to alleviate erosion of the outlets.

Abstract: A well completion system and method including a landing adapter which can be interlocked with a landing ring. A split ring is retained within a groove in the landing adapter which operates to lock the landing adapter with the landing ring. The groove into which the shear ring is positioned has two effective diameters. A first diameter allows the shear ring to compress and pass within the landing ring. The second diameter prevents extraction without shearing of the ring. A by-pass tool is positioned with a liner assembly 14 having a landing adapter. The by-pass tool includes a valve sleeve having a first position allowing flow down the center bore into a stinger extending to a wash-in shoe. Once the liner assembly has been washed in, the valve sleeve assumes a second, open position. Gravel packing may then occur through the central bore with return through a by-pass passage through the tool. Cleaning of the liner and tool can also occur through reverse flow to the gravel packed area.

Abstract: The present invention provides a tool and methods of placing a treatment fluid in a subterranean formation penetrated by a well bore by way of selected perforations extending from casing cemented in the well bore into the formation. The fluid placement tool includes a fluid flow passageway extending therethrough, at least one resilient self expandable cup type packer attached thereto and a valve disposed in the fluid flow passageway which closes the passageway when a closing plug is dropped into the tool. The placement tool is capable of releasing the cup type packer whereby it provides a seal between the tool and the casing when a first predetermined fluid pressure is applied to the tool after a closing plug is dropped therein and opening the fluid flow passageway whereby the treatment fluid is discharged from the tool below the packer when the fluid pressure is increased to a second predetermined fluid pressure. Methods of using the tool are also provided.

Abstract: A tool for discharging pressurized fluids into a wellbore at high velocity to clean foreign matter from the wellbore. The tool includes an elongated, cylindrical body having an upper end that is threaded for attachment to a fluid supply conduit and a lower end that is circumferentially tapered to a narrowed, planar surface. A fluid entry channel is located in the upper end of the cylindrical body. In communication with the fluid entry channel are a pair of fluid discharge channels which terminate in a pair of fluid discharge ports. Each of the fluid discharge ports is positioned adjacent the narrowed, planar surface at the lower, circumferentially-tapered end of the cylindrical body.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for removing soil from a well, which is particularly adapted for use both in cleaning out sandy deposits in pre-existing wells and in boring new well shafts through sandy ground, or through alternating hard and soft soil layers. The apparatus comprises a substantially cylindrical, hollow reservoir body tapered at the bottom end to form a drainage spout and open at the upper end. The reservoir body is lowered into the well liner toward the bottom of the well. A jet of water is introduced through a passageway in the reservoir to create a slurry wave which causes previously loosened soil inside the well liner to rise and overflow into the reservoir body, whereby the soil may then be removed from the well.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus in the form of a float shoe or collar for use in cementing a casing string within a well bore. The shoe or collar has blades extending therefrom for centering the shoe or collar, as well as the lower end of the casing string, within the well bore. The blades include jetting ports positioned therein for use in jetting the formation. In an alternative embodiment, the jetting ports are located between blades which are generally convoluted and extend circumferentially part-way around the perimeter of the apparatus.

Abstract: An abrasive slurry delivery apparatus and associated method of using permit repeated and/or extended use of the apparatus in a subterranean wellbore and reduces abrasive wear of the casing during fracturing operations without requiring the disposal of expensive items of equipment after each fracturing operation. In a preferred embodiment, an abrasive slurry delivery apparatus has a tubular crossover member with an internal flow passage and side wall outlet openings, and a tubular protective member with outlet openings aligned with, but axially and circumferentially smaller than, the crossover outlet openings, coaxially disposed within the crossover.

Abstract: A well cleaning tool includes a surge block, and a jetting tool or nozzle carried by the surge block. The surge block has fluid passageways therein for supplying the jetting nozzle. The surge block is formed of a cylindrical central body with elastomeric disks fixed above and below the central body, the disks being sized to fit relatively snugly within the well casing. The fluid passageway through the central body is threaded at the top for connection of a supply conduit, and may be threaded at the bottom for connection of a jetting nozzle. Thus, the jetting tool can be used for initial cleaning, while the surge block confines the heat and chemical action; then, the surge block can be reciprocated for surging the well. Both surging and jetting can be used simultaneously, and/or alternatively. A plurality of disks can be used as desired, and a jetting nozzle can be outside the disks, or between two disks to confine the chemical action.

Abstract: A drill stem diverter tool for removing gelled drilling fluid and filter cake from the side of a well bore. The apparatus comprises a housing adapted to be connected into a drill string. The housing includes a plurality of diverter ports which communicate a central opening of the housing with a well annulus. A valve means which can be moved from a first position which blocks the diverter ports to a second position which opens the diverter ports is disposed in the central opening. The diverter ports are angled and offset from the center line of the housing so that the fluid exiting the ports creates a turbulent circular motion. A stop is provided to limit the movement of the valve means. The valve means may also be moved from its second position back to its first position to block communication to the well annulus through the diverter ports.

Abstract: A total recovery drill assembly for providing a flowable cutting material discharging from a multiple orifice nozzle with the nozzle rotating around the longitudinal axis of the drill is provided herein. This assembly includes an outer tube that is connected to a vacuum source on a proximal end and terminates with grooves on the distal end. Within the outer tube is an inner tube that rotates within the outer tube. The proximal end of the inner tube is connected to a high pressure source for discharging a flowable material that is either a gas, a liquid or a particulate solid. The distal end of the inner tube is connected to a nozzle. The nozzle has a cutting orifice and an agitating orifice. The cutting orifice discharges the flowable material towards the grooves of the outer tube. Drilling is achieved by aiming the discharged flowable material as a laminar flow. Additionally, the nozzle has an agitating orifice designed to agitate the cut substance for removal by the vacuum.

Abstract: A surface switchable down-jet/side-jet apparatus. The apparatus comprises a housing with a valve sleeve slidably disposed therein. When the valve sleeve is in a first position, fluid pumped into the apparatus will be jetted out of at least one longitudinally directed port. An actuator, such as a ball, is dropped into the apparatus to seat on the valve sleeve, and when pressure is applied thereto, forces the valve sleeve downwardly, shearing a shear pin. The valve sleeve is moved downwardly to a second position in which at least one transverse port in the housing is uncovered and the longitudinal port is closed. Additional fluid pumped into the apparatus is jetted radially outwardly through the transverse port.

Abstract: A well jetting apparatus for use in fracturing of a well. Fracture initiation is provided by forming openings through the well casing and then forming fan-shaped slots in the formation surrounding the casing. Those slots are formed by a the jetting apparatus which has at least one hydraulic jet directed through the opening. The apparatus may be pivoted generally about the point of the opening to form the slots, but preferrably a plurality of slots are formed substantially simultaneously. These fan-shaped slots circumscribe an angle about the axis of the casing substantially greater than the angle circumscribed by the opening itself through which the slot was formed. These techniques are particularly applicable to fracturing of horizontal wells, but the apparatus may be used in any well configuration.