Abstract: A method of using a residential fire protection sprinkler. The method includes providing a fluid supply conduit extending along a ceiling, having a pitch up to 12/12, at a predetermined distance relative to the ceiling and connected to a source of fluid having a predetermined source pressure. The method also includes connecting at least two residential fire protection sprinklers to the fluid supply conduit such that the sprinklers are spaced at least eight feet (8?) apart from one another, wherein the sprinklers have a K-factor of at least 2.8. A residential fire protection sprinkler system is also provided. The system includes a fluid supply conduit extending along a ceiling, having a pitch of up to 12/12, at a predetermined distance relative to the ceiling and connected to a source of fluid having a predetermined source pressure.

Abstract: Various mist-type fire protection systems for the protection of light and ordinary hazard occupancies of reduced water demand as compared to known mist type systems or sprinkler systems configured to protect the same occupancies. Three system configurations are defined by varying design criteria for the installation of: mist devices having an enlarged coverage area alone or in combination with known nozzles or sprinklers. The preferred mist devices provide for the protection of at least one of a light hazard occupancy only and a light and ordinary hazard occupancy having a ceiling with a maximum ceiling height of at least 8 ft. The preferred device include a body having a passageway defining a K-factor of less than 1 gpm/psi1/2. The preferred device includes means for diffusing the fluid at a flux density of less than 0.1 gpm/sq. ft. for a fluid pressure at the inlet of less than 500 psi. to define a coverage area of the device of over than 132 sq. ft., preferably to a maximum of 256 sq. ft.

Abstract: An arrangement for testing a fire suppression sprinkler system includes a supply conduit for supplying a fire suppression fluid to a plurality of sprinklers. A sensor senses a flow of fire suppression fluid through the supply conduit. A drain conduit drains fire suppression fluid when the fire suppression system is tested. A drain valve controls the flow of the fire suppression fluid so that when the fire suppression system is tested the fire suppression fluid is controlled to enter the drain conduit. A fire suppression fluid collection tank collects the fire suppression fluid which has entered the drain conduit for reintroducing the collected fire suppression fluid to the supply conduit. A circulation valve controls the flow of the fire suppression fluid so that when the fire suppression system is tested the fire suppression fluid enters the fire suppression fluid collection tank.

Abstract: A system and methods for delivering materials including a device with a central manifold portion comprising an intake and one or more outlets through which the quantity of and the pressure and direction at which material is delivered may be controlled. Devices according to the invention control delivery of materials by achieving one or more properties such as flight elevation, flight stabilization, flight maneuvering, environmental resiliency, and ejection of material such as water.

Abstract: A foam chamber of a fire suppressant system having a closable testing outlet is disclosed. The foam chamber can operate in a testing mode and an operation mode. The invention has an inlet conduit for accepting a fire suppressant fluid attached to an expansion conduit. An expansion enclosure having two closable outlets is also attached to the inlet conduit and surrounds the expansion conduit. One outlet empties into the expansion enclosure. The other outlet extends through the wall of the expansion enclosure and empties outside of the expansion enclosure. Both of the closable outlets can be fitted with either an unbreakable seal or a frangible seal. If the foam chamber is configured for normal operation, the unbreakable seal is placed on the outlet that extends through the wall of the expansion enclosure and a frangible seal is placed on the outlet that empties into the expansion enclosure.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and premade and/or prepositioned kits for bypassing damaged or blocked standpipes during fire or other emergencies to quickly restore water supply near the location of the fire.

Abstract: A trim manifold assembly is utilized to facilitate control of the control valve in a fire protection system. The trim manifold assembly utilizes a manifold block with numerous passageways to provide desired flow communication between various components, such as automatic and manual valves, check valves, inlet and exit ports, and sensor ports, by way of non-limiting example. The trim manifold assembly can be cost-effectively manufactured and may require less assembly steps. The trim manifold assembly can facilitate the assembly of a fire protection system and the attachment of the trim manifold assembly to the control valve for operation thereof.

Abstract: A fire protection sprinkler system includes a water source, a sprinkler, a piping network interconnecting the water source and the sprinkler, and an automatic gas vent coupled to the piping network and configured to discharge gas from the system. The automatic gas vent includes a sensor configured to sense a presence or absence of a liquid and an electrically operated valve. The automatic gas vent is configured to open the electrically operated valve in response to the sensor sensing the absence of a liquid and close the electrically operated valve in response to the sensor sensing the presence of a liquid. Automatic gas vent assemblies and methods of venting and discharging gas from fire protection sprinkler systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: An extendible firefighting nozzle and supply mechanism for use in penetrating materials and debris for fighting concealed fires in, for example, coal supply, bulk wood chip and combustible grain silo fire incidents. The system includes three primary components to deliver firefighting foam, water and/or inert gas to the fire area. The components include a distribution manifold, a sectional delivery piping extension and interchangeable spray nozzles that are tailored to the specific need. The manifold is a length of piping having handles for the operator to grip and reliably use the system, a hammer cap that allows the user to employ a sledge hammer or impact driver to assist in driving the system into the debris pile or fire area and an output end that interfaces with a nozzle of any number of extension pipes. The interface is modular and threaded using NPTM threading to allow extensions to be added or removed depending on the depth of penetration required.

Abstract: A fire protection sprinkler system with modified sprinkler heads compromising a water supply; a network of hosing connected to the water supply; a plurality of sprinkler heads placed along the network hosing, where the each of the plurality of sprinkler heads include a series of water stream emission points; and multiple streams of water emitted from the water stream emission points, where each stream is emitted at a different angle.

Abstract: A sprinkler assembly having a base including a passageway, an inlet opening communicating with a pressurized fluid source, an outlet opening for outputting a flow of pressurized fluid along a flow path, and an axis extending through the outlet opening. The sprinkler assembly further comprises a top engaging the base and a deployment assembly supporting a flow shaper assembly. The deployment assembly is movably mounted to either the base or the top and is movable horizontally between a retracted position and an extended position for dispersing the pressurized fluid from the outlet opening. A heat responsive trigger is mounted to releasably retain the deployment assembly within the retracted position.

Abstract: The present invention regards a method and system for securing a discharge valve to a water line of a fire suppression system with multiple t-connections. The apparatus includes a plate, a chain, a plurality of eyehooks and a plurality of eyehook nuts. The plate has a perimeter and a central aperture sized to receive an elongated cylinder of a hose fitting of a discharge valve. The plate further has a plurality of eyehook apertures along its perimeter, with each eyehook aperture sized to receive the threaded post of an eyehook. The plate is positioned about the elongated cylinder of the discharge valve, through said central aperture, and the chains are positioned about the water line and affixed to the plate by means of eyehooks and eyehook nuts. The chain has a length sufficient to be positioned about the water line and received by the eyehooks so that plate is securely positioned along the elongated cylinder below the discharge valve nut.

Abstract: A building sprinkler system includes a pump having an input for receiving water and an output that is connected to selectively feed a plurality of sprinkler heads. A driver is operatively connected to the pump for driving the pump. A cooling arrangement is provided for cooling the pump during pump testing operations. The cooling arrangement includes: a heat exchanger with a primary loop formed by a flow path for delivering water from the output of the pump through the heat exchanger and back to the input of the pump, and a secondary loop formed by a flow path for delivering coolant from the heat exchanger through a radiator and back to the heat exchanger so that heat is transferred from the water to the coolant via the heat exchanger and from the coolant to air via the radiator.

Abstract: A fire suppressant mixture comprising: an organic or supplemental organic fire suppressant compound; a halogen element, and an organic compound, wherein the organic fire suppressant compound, the halogen element and the organic compound are combined such that a boiling point of the mixture is lower than the boiling point of the organic fire suppressant. In some embodiments, the organic fire suppressant compound is FK 5-1-12 and the organic compound is carbon dioxide. In other embodiments, the mixture is supplemented with an additional organic compound such as CF3I or 2,2-Di-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (R123), or an halogen element. In some embodiments an inorganic pressurizing gas, such as nitrogen, is also added.

Abstract: A fire extinguishing system including a fluid source, at least one sprinkler (2), and distribution pipes (3). The distribution pipes (3) are formed at least partially as soft-steel metal pipe having a friction loss defined according to the Hazen-Williams formula (1), with P=6.05?105?L?Q1.85?C(?-1.85)?d(?4.87), in which P=pressure drop in the pipeline, in bar, Q=flow rate through the pipeline, in l/min, d=average inside diameter of the pipe, in mm, C=constant for the type and condition of the pipeline, and L=equivalent length of pipe sections and pipe fittings, in m. The distribution pipes (3) have an anti-corrosion coating on the inside in order to ensure a value for C in a range of 125 to 150 during commissioning of the fire extinguishing system.

Abstract: A fire sprinkler of the preferred embodiments includes a frame, a trigger, and a deflector. The frame defines a duct to exhaust the flow of a fire suppressing or extinguishing substance, and includes a fastener to fasten the frame to a supply line. The trigger blocks the flow of the fire suppressing or extinguishing substance through the duct during a first mode, and permits the flow of the fire suppressing or extinguishing substance during a second mode. The deflector redirects the flow of the fire suppressing or extinguishing substance into a coverage area. The deflector also at least partially shields the trigger from the dispersal of a fire suppressing or extinguishing substance from an adjacent fire sprinkler and prevents a failure of the trigger.

Abstract: A wet pipe fire protection sprinkler system and method of operating a wet pipe fire sprinkler system includes providing a sprinkler system having a pipe network, a source of water for the pipe network, at least one sprinkler head connected with the pipe network and a drain valve for draining the pipe network. An inert gas source, such as a nitrogen gas source, is connected with the pipe network. Inert gas is supplied from the inert gas source to the pipe network. Water is supplied to the pipe network thereby substantially filling the pipe network with water and compressing the inert gas in the pipe network.

Abstract: A low pressure, extended coverage, fire protection sprinkler, e.g., of the upright type, suitable for use in protection of at least extra hazard and high piled storage occupancies, in accordance with the 1999 Edition of NFPA 13, has a body with an internal passageway extending between an inlet end and an opposite outlet end, and a deflector mounted to the body by at least one support arm and disposed in alignment with the axis and generally spaced from the outlet end of the internal passageway. The sprinkler has a predetermined K-factor, e.g., of greater than about 16.0. The sprinkler is configured and arranged to deflect flow of water generally radially outwardly and downwardly of the sprinkler in a predetermined spray pattern. Preferably, the predetermined spray pattern has a generally polygonal shape, e.g., a rectangular shape, when viewed at a predetermined distance below the deflector.

Abstract: A scalable cargo-fire-suppression agent distribution system and method is disclosed. A supply source unit subset of a set of fire-suppression agent supply source units is selected based on an operation condition to provide a selected supply source unit subset, and a fire-suppression agent from the selected supply source unit subset is distributed during the operation condition.

Abstract: A flow control assembly for a fire sprinkler system includes a valve housing having an inlet opening and an outlet opening. The valve housing defines a fluid flow path that extends between the inlet opening and the outlet opening. A flow control valve is disposed within the fluid flow path. A swing check valve is disposed within the fluid flow path of the valve housing downstream from the flow control valve. The swing check valve includes a clapper that is connected to an actuator arm. An electrical switch is disposed outside of the valve housing. A mechanical linkage includes a first end that extends through the valve housing and engages with the actuator arm. The mechanical linkage also includes a second end that is coupled to the electrical switch. The first end translates with said actuator arm.

Abstract: A fire prevention sprinkler system that has a warming jacket through which a warming medium, preferably water, is circulated, at a temperature sufficient to prevent freezing of those portions of the sprinkler system that contain water or another freezable liquid at times when the sprinklers are not actually spraying water to control or extinguish a fire. The warming medium is preferably heated by radiant heating, and circulation is preferably initiated by a thermostatic control whenever the temperature in the protected premises drops below a predetermined value.

Abstract: Provided is a pressure control system for fire extinguishing equipment, the system including: valves installed at pipes for receiving water supplied from a fire-extinguishing water tank; a digital indicator configured to measure water pressure of the valves or water pressure of the pipes in which the valves are installed and to transmit a signal for abnormality when a value of the measured water pressure does not correspond to a predetermined range; a main control unit configured to transmit a signal for pressure reduction intended for reducing the water pressure of the valves when the signal for abnormality is received from the digital indicator; and a motor operating valve (MOV) installed at the pipes or the valves and configured to reduce the water pressure when the signal for pressure reduction is received.

Abstract: A fire protection sprinkler system and method of monitoring corrosion in a fire protection sprinkler system that includes a pipe network and at least one sprinkler connected with said pipe network. A corrosion monitor assembly is provided in the pipe network that includes at least one metal coupon and an oxygen depletion area defined on a surface portion of the coupon. A mounting member positions the corrosion monitor assembly to be at least partially covered with water when the sprinkler system is in an operative state.

Abstract: The present invention describes systems and methods which provide a moisture barrier that douses or diffuses buoyant burning debris, particularly hot embers, from a bush and/or brush fire (e.g., wildfires). By strategic placement of the devices and/or apparatus as disclosed, a method of preventing the destruction of dwellings and roof-containing structures by exploiting heat convection is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to an interconnected module sectionized fire extinguishing system for fire protection in elongated cavities, which is characterized by consisting, in the cavity, of a number of intercoupled section modules in the longitudinal direction of the cavity, said section modules being characterized by being provided with a control valve connecting a water mist nozzle system to water supply pipe with an applied water pressure of 4 bars to 16 bars, and where, in case of fire in the cavity, section modules distribute low-pressure water mist in the form of finely divided droplets in the volume of the cavity in which there is a fire and in the area of coverage of a section module on both sides of the area of fire, and where the distributed water drops are characterized by 90% of the volume of water being constituted by water drops with a drop diameter of less than 0.001 m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sprinkler with an integrated valve, and to a fire-extinguishing system using same. Conventional sprinklers are too sensitive to the outbreak of a fire, and operate even if no fire has broken out, which would lead to a large amount of damage. For this reason, conventional sprinklers are often prevented from being operated in advance. In addition, sprinklers do not operate even upon the outbreak of a fire when the sensitivities thereof are lowered, rendering the sprinklers useless.

Abstract: A flexible dry sprinkler includes a flexible tube having an inlet attached to a first end, the inlet defining an inlet orifice operatively sealed by an inlet seal assembly. An outlet is attached to the second end of the flexible tube, and defines an outlet orifice operatively sealed by an outlet seal assembly. A flexible linkage extends from the inlet to the outlet through the flexible tube, and is constructed to operatively release the inlet seal assembly responsive to axial translation of the flexible linkage from a first position to a second position. The flexible linkage is supported by the outlet seal assembly in the first position and wherein the flexible linkage is constructed to axially translate toward the outlet when the outlet seal assembly is released.

Abstract: Nozzles (22) for reducing noise generated by the release of gas from a hazard suppression system (10) are provided. The nozzles (22) comprise a plurality of partitions (42, 44, 46, 48) that define a serpentine gas flow path through the nozzle. The flow path causes the gas to undergo a plurality of expansions and directional changes thereby reducing the velocity of the gas and dampening the generation of sound waves as the gas exits the nozzle (22) through the nozzle outlet (40).

Abstract: A dry sidewall sprinkler and system and methods of installation provide extended coverage for ordinary hazard commodities. The preferred sprinkler and systems provide for sidewall ordinary hazard fire protection beneath a sloped or horizontal overhang extending from a structure by at least ten feet proximate to a garage or loading dock in accordance with applicable sections of NFPA-13 (2007).

Abstract: A fire sprinkler system according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a pipe having a first pipe portion and a second pipe portion. The first pipe portion includes a wall having a first wall thickness, and the second pipe portion includes a wall having a second wall thickness that is greater than the first wall thickness. The fire sprinkler system further includes structure coupled to the pipe and defining a sealed chamber between the structure and at least the first pipe portion, and a sensor for sensing a pressure in the sealed chamber. Example corrosion monitoring devices and methods for monitoring corrosion in pipe systems, including fire sprinkler systems, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A multi-stage fire suppression system according to various aspects of the present invention is configured to deliver a fire suppressant material in response to multiple detections of a fire condition over time. In one embodiment, the multi-stage fire suppression system comprises at least two pressure tubes each having a different internal pressure. Each pressure tube is adapted to generate a pneumatic signal in response to exposure to a different trigger event. The pneumatic signal is used to activate a suppression system and release the fire suppressant material from a container. The multi-stage fire suppression system may also be configured to signal a secondary hazard detection system that a fire has been detected.

Abstract: A fire sprinkler support assembly includes a leg configured to extend transverse to each of a pair of adjacent parallel spaced beams. The leg includes levered clamp assemblies that are configured for connecting and supporting each end of the leg to a corresponding one of the beams. The levered clamp assemblies include a first plate and a second plate, each plate configured to straddle the beam. The levered clamp assemblies also include a lever assembly. The lever assembly includes a rod passing through corresponding rod openings in the first and second plates, and a lever pivotally connected to one end of the rod. The lever includes a cam surface disposed adjacent to the first plate. The lever assembly is configured to reduce spacing between the plates upon actuation of the lever, whereby the leg is secured to the beam.

Abstract: A plurality of upstanding bracket assemblies, pipe assemblies, and fasteners are assembled into a plurality of modular fire suppression stations for use in the fire suppression system for a conveyor in an underground mine. Each station includes an upstanding bracket assembly, a fastener, a pipe assembly, and at least one sprinkler head. The fastener attaches the bracket assembly to the conveyor. The pipe assembly is supported by the bracket assembly. The pipe assembly receives water under pressure and directs the water to the sprinkler head. The sprinkler head directs the water onto the conveyor.

Abstract: A fire suppression system is disclosed that includes a suppressant source system configured to hold fire suppressant. In one example, the fire suppressant is an inert gas. A temperature sensor is arranged in a suppression area and is configured to detect an undesired temperature or temperature increase in the suppression area. A suppression system is in communication with the temperature sensor and in fluid communication with the suppressant source system. The suppression system is configured to selectively release the fire suppressant to the suppression area at initial and subsequent rates. The initial rate is greater than the subsequent rate. The subsequent rate is configured to displace a volume from the suppression area through the leakage system in response to the undesired temperature.

Abstract: A nozzle for use with a pressurized water source as typically used in the offshore environment. The nozzle attaches to a hose or fixed work pipe installation and provides a channel through a body, on which is arranged a frusto-conical fluid deflector. Fluid flowing along the channel may impinge upon the fluid deflector and may travel along a surface of the deflector and out of the nozzle in a jet. Various embodiments are described for varying the width of the channel at the deflector to adjusting, a characteristic of the jet and for providing self-cleaning of the nozzle. Further a central channel is described which allows an additional nozzle to be included as are sensors which determine pressure, temperature and the like in the nozzle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fire suppression system, a valve for the system, and a movable valve member for the valve. The system includes a reservoir for a fire suppressant material. The reservoir has an outlet, at least one nozzle from which the suppressant is delivered, and a valve governing passage of the suppressant to the nozzles. The valve includes a movable valve member and first and second valve seats cooperating therewith. The valve member is movable from a first position seated with respect to the first valve seat preventing communication between the reservoir and the nozzles, to a second position seated with respect to the second valve seat permitting suppressant flow from the reservoir to the nozzles and preventing suppressant flow to an actuator operatively associated with the valve to selectively cause movement of the valve member from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: A sprinkler assembly has a sleeve covering at least a portion of a conduit connecting the sprinkler to a branch line of a fire suppression system. The sleeve may have a color field, contrasting color patterns, symbols, indicia, or combinations of these elements and may be used to visibly indicate characteristics of the sprinkler assembly.

Abstract: An automated storage system is presented, in which a stacker crane can properly operate even in a high temperature environment, while simplifying the construction of the system facility. The automated storage system includes articles storage racks having a plurality of storage spaces for storing articles; a stacker crane 3 which freely travels along the travelling path, and a ground controller H which is on the ground side to control the operation of the stacker crane, and a fire fighting nozzles 26 on the platform 20. The article storage racks and the stacker crane are located in a high temperature environmental space Z2, while the extinguishant supply source 27 and the ground side controller are in a normal temperature environmental space Z1. A control line 31 is established from the ground side controller and the stacker crane, and a fire fighting hose 30 is from the extinguishant supply source to the fire fighting nozzle.

Abstract: An attic fire protection system is provided. The system comprises a fluid supply manifold for supplying a fluid, positioned at an effective height below and parallel to the underside of a roof having a non-zero pitch angle. The system contains a plurality of fittings each having at least one exit port for directing the flow of the fluid, the fittings being spaced within at most a maximum effective distance apart from each other and being connected to receive fluid from the supply manifold, wherein the exit ports are structured to supply the fluid in a direction parallel to the underside of the roof. Most broadly, however, the fittings are structured or arranged to supply the fluid in a direction forming an oblique angle with the horizontal and the vertical, which may or may be exactly the same as the pitch angle of the roof. The system also includes a plurality of horizontal sidewall sprinklers each connected to a respective exit port of one or another of the fittings.

Abstract: The fire sprinkler system of the preferred embodiments is preferably installed in a space defined by two beams, such as rafters, extending along the width of a space and separated by a distance equal to a length of the space. The fire sprinkler system includes a supply line generally extending along the width of the space and generally located between the rafters, and a series of sprinklers connected to the supply line. Each sprinkler is adapted to disperse in a coverage area having a length and a width, which is substantially less than the length. Each sprinkler is oriented such that the length of each coverage area extends in opposite directions toward the rafters. The fire sprinkler system may also be installed in a space having a series of purlins extending the length of the space. In this variation, each sprinkler is located between two purlins.

Abstract: A trim manifold assembly is utilized to facilitate control of the control valve in a fire protection system. The trim manifold assembly utilizes a manifold block with numerous passageways to provide desired flow communication between various components, such as automatic and manual valves, check valves, inlet and exit ports, and sensor ports, by way of non-limiting example. The trim manifold assembly can be cost-effectively manufactured and may require less assembly steps. The trim manifold assembly can facilitate the assembly of a fire protection system and the attachment of the trim manifold assembly to the control valve for operation thereof.

Abstract: Fire-extinguishing agent supplying equipment pressurizes a water-based fire-extinguishing agent and supplies the agent via a pipe; and the water-based fire-extinguishing agent is pressurized and supplied via the pipe to an electrification spray head installed in a protection area A, and the jetted particles of the fire-extinguishing agent are electrified and sprayed from the electrification spray head. A pulsed or alternating electrification voltage is applied to the electrification spray head from a voltage application unit 15, and an external electric field generated by applying the voltage between a water-side electrode unit and an induction electrode unit is applied to the fire-extinguishing agent in a jetting process to electrify the jetted particles.

Abstract: The fire sprinkler system of the preferred embodiments is preferably installed in a space defined by two beams, such as rafters, extending along the width of a space and separated by a distance equal to a length of the space. The fire sprinkler system includes a supply line generally extending along the width of the space and generally located between the rafters, and a series of sprinklers connected to the supply line. Each sprinkler is adapted to disperse in a coverage area having a length and a width, which is substantially less than the length. Each sprinkler is oriented such that the length of each coverage area extends in opposite directions toward the rafters. The fire sprinkler system may also be installed in a space having a series of purlins extending the length of the space. In this variation, each sprinkler is located between two purlins.

Abstract: A fire suppression system includes a divert valve downstream of a fire suppressant source. The divert valve is selectively movable between an initial first position which communicates extinguishing agent into a first distribution network and a second position which communicates extinguishing agent into a second distribution network.

Abstract: An method and apparatus for disbursing a pressurized liquid in the absence of electricity are disclosed. The method and apparatus for disbursing a pressurized liquid in the absence of electricity can include a gas source, a liquid source, a liquid pressurization system, and a liquid delivery system.

Abstract: A trim manifold assembly is utilized to facilitate control of the control valve in a fire protection system. The trim manifold assembly utilizes a manifold block with numerous passageways to provide desired flow communication between various components, such as automatic and manual valves, check valves, inlet and exit ports, and sensor ports, by way of non-limiting example. The trim manifold assembly can be cost-effectively manufactured and may require less assembly steps. The trim manifold assembly can facilitate the assembly of a fire protection system and the attachment of the trim manifold assembly to the control valve for operation thereof.

Abstract: A trim manifold assembly includes an alarm block and a release block. The alarm block is in communication with a fire suppressant fluid supply and defines a first alarm passage in communication with an alarm sensor. The release block is coupled to the alarm block and includes a drain passage and a first control passage. The first control passage is in communication with the fire suppressant fluid supply and a pressure-actuated system control valve to control communication between the fire suppressant fluid supply and the sprinkler system.

Abstract: A fire protection system includes a dry pipe system and a controlled discharge gas vent. The dry pipe system and controlled discharge gas vent operate using a breathing cycle to displace oxygen and/or water vapor from within the piping network of the dry pipe system. The controlled gas discharge vent allows displacement of pressurized air with nitrogen, for example, using manual or automated processes that can employ one or more sensors. Corrosion resulting from oxygen, water, and/or microbial growth is reduced or nearly eliminated.

Abstract: A water supply control system for use with a fire hydrant comprises a four-way valve assembly having a first inlet port for coupling to a nozzle of the fire hydrant via a fire hose, the four-way valve assembly operable to selectively open and close the inlet and outlet ports according to an operating mode of the four-way valve assembly, a stable and sturdy platform substantially supporting the weight of the four-way valve assembly, a flexible tether strap secured to the platform at a first end and having a fastener at a second end for releasably coupling to the fire hydrant, a status indicator mounted on the four-way valve assembly operable to provide a visual indication of the operation mode of the four-way valve assembly, and a scene light mounted on the four-way assembly operable to provide high-intensity illumination.

Abstract: An upright ESFR sprinkler includes a generally tubular body, at least one frame arm, a closure assembly, an unactuated heat responsive trigger assembly and a deflector assembly with a K-factor greater than 14, and preferably 16.8. The passageway extends between inlet and outlet openings. The closure is positioned proximate the outlet so as to occlude the passageway with a Bellville seal being. An ejection spring is coupled to the closure assembly. The heat responsive trigger assembly has a Response Time Index of 40 meter1/2second1/2 (m1/2sec1/2) or less. The deflector assembly includes a nosepiece and a plate like redirecting member. The plate like redirecting member faces the outlet and is coupled to the at least one frame arm and spaced from the outlet opening. The plate shaped member includes a first generally planar portion, a conical second portion, and a third portion extending from the conical second portion.