Abstract: A one-pass primary tillage machine provides a combination of shallow and deep tillage, residue cutting and mixing, and clod size reduction and leveling of the field to prepare the field for the next planting season. A front group of flat coulters slice through the residue to reduce its size, followed by deep shanks that improve the tilth of the soil to a point below the intended planting depth. Following the shanks, a group of concavo-convex conditioning discs mix the residue with the soil, reduce clod size, and level the field.

Abstract: A tillage apparatus performs shallow tillage with leading tillage discs followed by chisel plows with winged points performing primary tillage in strips of untilled soil left by the forward discs. The points lift the soil and roll it laterally. Levelers follow the plows to leave a smooth surface and reduce the soil preparation needed for planting the following season.

Abstract: A primary tillage implement having a plurality of chisel plows mounted in lateral spacing on a forward bar, also has a plurality of disc levelers mounted on a rear bar. Each disc leveler assembly is laterally spaced from and centered between the paths of adjacent, leading chisel plow shanks and includes a pair of discs angled outwardly to move some of the soil from the ridge formed by adjacent chisel plows to the furrow formed by an associated chisel plow. The discs of a pair are staggered and spaced laterally apart to leave a narrow band of loose soil in the ridge between the discs which falls into the shallow grooves formed by the discs after they pass. Soil is thus laterally displaced from the ridge to adjacent grooves to level the soil.