Abstract: A soil treatment apparatus (10) comprises an endless band (12) of resilient material with soil treatment teeth (14) projecting radially therefrom. The teeth are replacably attached to the band (12).

Abstract: A silvicultural tillage method and apparatus defines access corridors, infiltration zones, and debris filter zones to reduce the environmental insult to a forestry site during tillage and subsequent treatment of a crop tree stand. An articulating blade coupled to a prime mover clears ground debris from a forestry site to define the access corridors and debris filter zones. A tillage gang, incorporating a plurality of star shaped tillage blades is drawn by the prime mover and provides an infiltration zone in which to plant and cultivate the crop trees. The infiltration zone absorbs rain water runoff and particles suspended therein, and providing a water storage reservoir. The access corridors permit narrow band application of fertilizers and herbicides to the infiltration zones, while the preservation of natural vegetative cover within a portion of access corridor and the debris filter zones preserves the natural erosion preventive characteristics of the site.

Abstract: A mulching unit for a mulching apparatus includes at least one cutting assembly or hammer having a rotatable support element and two cutting elements spaced apart from one another by a predetermined gap that allows debris to pass between the cutting elements, thereby increasing efficiency and enabling higher rotating speeds for sustained amounts of time. The cutting elements include tips that may be formed in one piece with the support element, e.g., a collar, and the tips may be covered with a protective layer of tungsten and/or carbide. Alternatively, the tips themselves can be made from tungsten and/or carbide and physically attached, e.g., by welding, to the collar to form an integral unit. The cutting elements may be mounted on support element halves that can independently rotate on a support rod of the mulching unit.