Abstract: A wire having an open cross-sectional shape which is responsive to induced fields.

Abstract: A coaxial radiating cable comprised of a plurality of conductive strips wrapped in coaxial relationship to a center conductor and separated by a dielectric core. The plurality of conductive strips define in combination an outer conductor of the radiating cable and have a width and wrap angle selected to form apertures along the cable in a desired pattern, size and/or shape. The cable is designed to be efficiently and inexpensively manufactured and is designed to be coiled and uncoiled without significant distortion.

Abstract: Coaxial cables having a composite braid with a plurality of water expandable strands of yarn woven therein, preferably to quad coaxial cables having the inner metallic braid as the metallic composite braid. The composite braid has a plurality of woven metallic strands, at least one first strand of water-blocking yarn helically wound in one direction and extending along the length of the composite braid, the at least one first strand being woven into the metallic strands of the composite braid, at least one second strand of water-blocking yarn helically wound in an opposite direction with metallic strands of the composite braid and extending along the length of the composite braid, the first and second water-blocking strands of yam crossing over and contacting each other at a plurality of spaced yarn contact points and said first and second water-blocking strands of yarn being water-expandable.

Abstract: A coaxial cable conductor (20) comprises a center conductor (22) having a preselected longitudinal shape and a longitudinally split outer conductor (24). The split outer conductor (24) includes a first partial outer conductor (60) comprising a portion of the circumference of the outer conductor along its longitudinal length and a second partial outer conductor (62) comprising the remaining portion of the circumference of the outer conductor along its longitudinal length and mating with the first partial outer conductor (60) along two joints (64). The two partial outer conductors (60, 62) may be mechanically joined and sealed along the longitudinal joints against leakage of radio frequency energy, as by the application of a conductive coating along the joints. The center conductor (22) is supported within the outer conductor (24) by a plurality of electrically insulating dielectric supports (68), leaving an insulating air gap between the center conductor (22) and the outer conductor (24).

Abstract: An electrical cable assembly (10) comprising a cable core (12) and filler layer (16) encased in longitudinally welded reeled tubing (23) so as to restrict relative axial and longitudinal motion between the cable core (12) and reeled tubing (23). Small-diameter tubing (24) is optionally provided as part of the cable core (12) to facilitate the delivery of fluids such as lubricants and corrosion inhibitors to downhole equipment. A method is disclosed for deploying electrical cables in deep wells through use of the subject apparatus.

Abstract: A conductor cable includes a tubular metallic sheath for carrying one or more electrical conductors and/or one or more fiber optic elements and which, in various embodiments has a substantially rectangular transverse cross-sectional configuration defined by pairs of parallel sidewalls which enable selective bending of the cable generally about the major and minor axes of the sheath. The parallel sidewalls may have substantially transverse or angularly inclined corrugations formed along their lengths to facilitate bending of the cable in relatively small radius bends about the major and minor axes of the sheath.

Abstract: An electrical cable having a tubular metallic sheath carrying insulated electrical conductors and which, in various embodiments, has a substantially rectangular transverse cross-sectional configuration defined by pairs of parallel sidewalls which enable selective bending of the cable generally about the major and minor axes of the sheath. The parallel sidewalls may have substantially transverse or angular inclined corrugations formed along their lengths to facilitate bending of the cable in relatively small radius bends about the major and minor axes of the sheath.

Abstract: A cable conductor shield composition comprising (i) ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer wherein the vinyl acetate is present in an amount of about 8 to about 14 parts by weight and (ii) the following components in about the following parts by weight, all based on 100 parts by weight of copolymer:______________________________________ Components Parts by Weight ______________________________________ polyethylene having a density 29 to 36 of about 0.90 to about 0.95 carbon black having a surface 19 to 25 area of about 650 to about 1200 square meters per gram an antioxidant at least 0.1 a processing aid at least 0.1 an organic peroxide curing agent at least 0.

Abstract: A cable, which has a cable core surrounded by a band which has been provided with tensile elements, has an improvement with the tensile elements being wound on the band to extend obliquely to the longitudinal edges of the band and to the axis of the cable.

Abstract: A coaxial cable is provided having a ribbon inner conductor surrounded by a dielectric and a circumferential conductor. The coaxial cable may be microminiature comprising a very thin ribbon strip conductor from between 5 to 15 .mu.m thick and from 150 to 200 .mu.m wide, having a surrounding foamed dielectric or parylene applied thereon by a vapor plasma process and an outer conductor of an adhering high conductivity metal vacuum deposited on the dielectric. Alternately, the foam dielectric embodiment may have a contiguous parylene coating applied adjacent the inner conductor or the outer conductor or both. Also, the cable may be fabricated by forming a thin ribbon of strip conductive material into an inner conductor, applying thereabout a dielectric by spraying on a solution of polystyrene and polyethylene and then vacuum depositing and adhering high conductivity metal about the dielectric.

Abstract: An elongated, reinforced power cable for use in adverse environments. The cable is provided with internal structural members to resist crushing and other mechanical forces. The cable includes at least two power conductor assemblies which extend along the longitudinal axis of the cable. A protective metallic layer is provided for each conductor assembly and completely encases each conductor assembly. The conductor assemblies and protective metallic layers are aligned in a row within the cable, the row having a left end, a right end, a top plane and a bottom plane. A rigid support member is positioned at each end of the row of conductor assemblies. The support members have a height at least equal to the height of the protective layers to prevent compression of the protective layers and conductor assemblies. An armored covering is provided which fully encloses the support members, the protective layers and the conductor assemblies.

Abstract: A reinforced cable having hauling, electrical and hydraulic lines. The cable has a substantially rectangular cross section and includes at least one internal support to protect these lines by resisting external compressive forces, and yet is bendable about one of its transverse axes for easy storage on and deployment from a drum. The internal support also protects the hauling lines from compressive forces applied longitudinally thereof by resisting radial displacement of the hauling lines. In one embodiment, the cable comprises an armor layer, a pair of engaged channels inside the armor layer, and a pair of corrugated supports inside the channels and fixedly spaced apart. The hauling lines, in the form of wire ropes, are located inside the corrugated supports, while the electrical lines are located inside the channels between the corrugated supports. The hydraulic lines can alternatively be located inside the channels between the corrugated supports, or inside the wire ropes.

Abstract: A crush and abrasion resistant, sealed, impervious, flexible protective jacket assembly for oil and gas wells containing a plurality of electrical and/or fluid conductors that are oriented in linear, spaced, parallel relation. A pair of elongated protective metal sheets define elongated conductor grooves. The metal sheets are joined by welding to define a plurality of elongated chambers containing one or more of the conductors. The chambers are sealed from the atmosphere and may be filled with a non-gaseous dielectric material to prevent the development of corona discharge that might cause deterioration of the protective jacket assembly. The configuration of the sheets of protective material is such that the development of corona discharge is resisted. A pair of metal longitudinal structural elements are attached at opposed sides of the protective jacket assembly and prevent damage thereto by abrasion, crushing, bending, etc.

Abstract: A method of producing a leakage graded coaxial cable having a braided shield, in which ends of the shield wire are dropped as braiding progresses. Gaps in the shield having progressively increasing size are produced through which the radio frequency field leakage occurs, which facilitates providing a constant radio frequency field around the cable. The cable is coated with a jell flooding agent prior to extrusion of its protection jacket, which fills the interstices and gaps of the shield, and solidifies to a waxy, semi-resilient consistency. The resulting cable can be coiled and flexed, maintaining its shield reliability, and rejects water and fluids in case pinholes in the jacket occur.

Abstract: A coaxial cable is provided having a ribbon inner conductor surrounded by a dielectric and a circumferential conductor. The coaxial cable may be microminiature comprising a very thin ribbon strip conductor from between 5 to 15 .mu.m thick and from 150 to 200 .mu.m wide, having a surrounding foamed dielectric or parylene applied thereon by a vapor plasma process and an outer conductor of an adhering high conductivity metal vacuum deposited on the dielectric. Alternately the foam dielectric embodiment may have a contiguous parylene coating applied adjacent the inner conductor or the outer conductor or both. Also, the cable may be fabricated by forming a thin ribbon of strip conductive material into an inner conductor, applying thereabout a dielectric by spraying on a solution of polystyrene and polyethylene and then vacuum depositing and adhering high conductivity metal about the dielectric.

Abstract: An armored electrical cable which is especially useful in oil wells and provides resistance to corrosion, explosive decompression and transverse compressive forces. The cable comprises an insulated conductor, a barrier layer enclosing the insulation, a filler layer enclosing the barrier layer, and a square compression-resistant layer enclosing the filler layer. The barrier layer is a lead sheath having a closed cross section with an exterior including four right angle corners oriented in a square and four convex areas, each interconnecting a pair of adjacent right angle corners. The filler layer comprises a thermosetting tape, an open-mesh fabric tape, and a polymeric tape of low frictional coefficient.

Abstract: An electrical cable especially useful in oil wells having a gas conducting channel beneath the outer sheath and a valved vent through the sheath to prevent explosive decompression. Gases entrained in the cable's insulation can exit from the insulation into the channel, move longitudinally of the cable along the channel and exit from the sheath via the vent. The cable comprises an insulated conductor, a low gas-permeable sheath surrounding the insulation, the gas conducting channel located between the insulation and the sheath, and the vent in the sheath and communicating with the channel. The channel can be formed of a plurality of filaments or fibers located closely adjacent one another to form a bundle. A plurality of bundles can be used, which can extend linearly or spirally along the insulation or in interwoven form.

Abstract: An armored cable having a plurality of individually insulated conductors and force-resisting members formed with an arcuate cross-sectional shape which substantially conforms to the curvature of the surface on which it is mounted. Opposite surfaces of each force-resisting member in the cable have different widths in cross-section to provide the desired enclosure of the underlying insulation on a conductor after the formation of the arcuate bend in the cable.

Abstract: Aluminum-shielded coaxial cable is repaired by using a wraparound metallic sheet, such as copper, having a contact means on the sheet, such as "dragon skin" brass strips, and a sealing means, such as a mastic. The metallic sheet provides the electrical continuity and radio frequency shielding and the sealing means provides the environmental seal to prevent moisture from entering the opening in the aluminum shield. The sheet and contact means are held in position by compression means, such as clamps, and the sheet and compression means can then be covered with a wraparound heat-recoverable closure to protect the entire assembly.

Abstract: Semi-conductive compositions, based on ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers or chlorinated products thereof, containing carbon black, a silicone compound and an interface crosslink inhibitor, such as a phenol, a quinone, a thiazole or a thiuram sulfide, which find utility as semi-conductive layers about crosslinked polyolefin substrates of electrical conductors.

Abstract: An armored electrical cable structure for resisting destruction and degradation of the conductor insulation, particularly on the outer conductors. The structure also provides the additional benefits of resisting decompression expansion of the conductor insulation, attack by corrosive agents as well as the conduction of heat from the interior parts of the cable structure to the cable exterior for dissipation.

Abstract: An electrical cable has features that allow its use in wells containing oil, water and gas, for use with submersible pumps. The cable has a number of conductors. Each conductor is surrounded by an insulating layer of oil and brine resistant thermosetting material. The insulating layer is permeable to gas. A polymeric jacket is extruded around all of the conductors, separating the conductors from each other and in direct physical contact with the insulating layers. Perforations are placed in the jacket at regular intervals. During rapid depressurization, gas absorbed in the insulating layers is able to flow freely from the cable by means of the perforations in the jacket. The jacket has sufficient strength to prevent rupturing of the insulating layers during depressurization.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flat, electrical cable for use in extremely adverse environments, such as found in oil wells, comprising a plurality of conductors individually sheathed in insulation. The cable includes an elongated, compression-resisting member positioned adjacent an insulated conductor, the member being slotted laterally to impart a degree of bending thereto. A bendable liner is mounted between the member and the insulation sheath of the adjacent conductor to bridge the slots and thereby protect adjacent insulation from abrasion by edges formed on the member by the slots during bending.

Abstract: An armored cable is formed with an arcuate cross-sectional shape which substantially conforms to the curvature of the surface on which it is mounted. This shape takes maximum advantage of the annular space available, for example, between the inner wall defining the circular bore of an oil well and the cylindrical surface of a centrifugal submersible pump on which the cable is mounted. As a result, the diameter, and hence the efficiency, of the pump may be maximized.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flat cable incorporating an elongated, bendable protective structure which is comprised of a central channel member of rigid cross-section for resisting forces applied to a centrally disposed insulated conductor and at least one outer channel member of substantially lesser rigidity for resisting insulation-disruptive forces which may be applied to an insulated conductor adjacent one edge of the cable.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrical cable embodying a plurality of individually, electrically insulated electrical conductors for use in adverse environments, such as oil wells. The cable comprises an elongated strut of rectangular cross-section interposed between two of the conductors and formed of a plurality of bendable sections of rigid cross-section for protecting the insulation on the conductors from external disruptive forces. The strut may be used with a channel member that protects the insulation from both internal and external disruption resulting from usage in the adverse environment.

Abstract: A radiating cable communication system for a transportation undertaking is given useful fire-survival characteristics by incorporating on the surface of the cable dielectric, inside the outer conductor and so in the electric field, of the mica paper tape. This is much more effective than, for instance, using flame-retardant grades of polyethylene for the dielectric and flame-retardant grades of PVC for the sheath and, surprisingly, it has less effect on the electrical transmission characteristics of the cable.

Abstract: Electrical cables having conductors, each provided with an insulation layer comprising a thermosetting elastomeric composition capable of imbibing low molecular weight well fluids when under pressure and rapidly desorbing the fluids when pressure is relieved which is surrounded by a confining braid layer, the insulated and braid-covered conductors being surrounded by a perforated outer armor formed of high temperature polyolefin, are able to withstand the environment within corrosive, gassy oil wells without corrosion of the armor and without undergoing depressurization-caused rupture failures.