Abstract: A composition comprising:(a) polyolefin;(b) as a scorch inhibitor, 4,4'-thiobis(2-methyl-6-t-butyl phenol); 2,2'-thiobis(6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol); or mixtures thereof;(c) hydroquinone; a substituted hydroquinone; or mixtures thereof in an amount sufficient to control color formation; and(d) an organic peroxide.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions which contain a thermoplastic aromatic polyester, preferably polybutylene terephthalate, and a polyester block copolymer having a recrystallization temperature greater than 150.degree. C., preferably a thermoplastic elastomer containing aromatic polyester blocks and aliphatic polyester blocks. The ratio of the block copolymer to the aromatic polyester is 0.05:1 to 0.35:1, preferably 0.15:1 to 0.30:1. These compositions are particularly useful as the insulation on hermetic lead wires for use in refrigerant systems. To prevent cracking of such insulation when it is contacted by a varnish used to provide hermetic sealing, it can be covered by a thin layer of a fluoropolymer.

Abstract: The high thermoconductive insulating film 11 was formed around the outer periphery of the wound conductors 10, using the high thermoconductive insulating tape 1 comprising the mica layer 3, the reinforcement layer 5, and the high thermoconductive filler layer 7, wherein the resin content in each layer of the mica layer 3 and the high thermoconductive filler layer 7 is specified to the range of 10-25% by weight of the total weight of the material.

Abstract: A pulsed voltage surge resistant magnet wire comprising a conductor, a continuous and concentric and flexible uniform coat of base insulation material superimposed on the conductor. An essentially continuous and concentric and uniform pulsed voltage surge shield overlaying the coat of base insulation material. The shield has therein an effective amount of a particulate material. The shield is superimposed on the coat of base insulation material, and has a continuous and concentric and flexible and uniform top coat of insulation material superimposed thereon.

Abstract: A flat electrical wire having a substantially rectangular cross-section is prepared from an electrical conductor having a circular cross-section, first by applying a benzimidazol-based polymer coat to the wire, then rolling the coated conductor to yield the flat wire. The flat wire thus prepared has a high heat resistance and dielectric breakdown resistance and can avoid dislocation or slippage when used in a magnet coil.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coated metal surface including successively, starting at the metal, at least one layer of polyurethane and at least one layer of thermoplastic polymer, it being possible for a binder to be placed between the polyurethane and the thermoplastic polymer.It is useful for covering pipes, electrical cables, telecommunication cables and stay wires.

Abstract: A sandwich type insulation for electrical machinery comprising a laminate of a polymeric material such as polyimide which contains particles of an inorganic corona resistant material, said polymeric material being bonded to mica paper consisting of mica, wherein said mica paper may be impregnated with polymeric resin containing particles of inorganic corona resistant material. The resultant insulation may be used as a tape or wrapper.

Abstract: A primary conductor having a solid wire or wire strands that are enclosed by an insulating coating which has ribs that extend radially outwardly. The insulating coating provides electrical insulation between neighboring conductors. The ribs define air spaces which are between the ribs and space the insulated primary conductors from each other, thereby reducing the overall dielectric constant of the cable assembly. This in turn reduces the line-to-line capacitance between adjacent conductors, thereby minimizing Near End Cross Talk.

Abstract: An article of manufacture comprising (i) a plurality of electrical conductors, each surrounded by one or more layers of a mixture comprising one or more polyolefins and the reaction product of (a) a functionalized hindered amine amic acid hydrazide and (b) a functionalized hindered phenol or a functionalized hindered amine hydrazide and (ii) hydrocarbon cable filler grease within the interstices between said surrounded conductors.

Abstract: A push-pull cable (1, 6), in particular, for the purpose of actuating bicycle brakes. It has a guide hose (2, 7) and an actuation core (3, 8) that can be moved therein axially. The guide hose (2, 7) has an inside hose (4, 9) and a jacket hose (5, 10) that surrounds the latter. The inside hose (4, 9) consists at least mostly of a polymerized tetrafluoroethylene, while the jacket hose consists at least mostly of a polyarylate, polyacrylimide, polyetherimide, polysulfone, polyphenylenesulfide, polyetherketone and/or liquid-crystalline polymer and/or a synthetic substance whose rigidity and firmness are within the range of rigidity and firmness of the above-mentioned synthetic substances.

Abstract: An insulated wire having as components a conductor, a first insulating layer on the conductor, and a second insulating layer which comprises a coating resin having a glass transition temperature of between 100 and 250.degree. C. after baking and a lubricant and has a thickness of 0.005 mm or less, which has good lubricity and resistance to processing.

Abstract: A fire-resistant polyvinyl chloride (PVC) formulation suitable for use as sheathing on electric wires and cables, contains 15-60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of PVC (phr) of a phosphate plasticize, 10-40 phr of a halogenated plasticize, 15-60 phr of aluminium trihydroxide, together with 5-20 phr of an additive combination of 10-90 wt% ofr antimony trioxide and 90-10 wt% of zinc stannate.

Abstract: A cable construction comprises the following components: (i) a plurality of insulated electrical conductors having interstices therebetween, said insulation comprising (a) one or more polyolefins selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, and mixtures thereof, and, blended therewith, (b) a mixture containing one or more alkylhydroxy-phenylalkanoyl hydrazines and one or two functionalized hindered amines; (ii) hydrocarbon cable filler grease within the interstices; and (iii) a sheath surrounding components (i) and (ii) wherein said hindered amines have the following structural formulae: ##STR1## wherein n is about 2 to about 12; R is CxHyOz wherein x is about 2 to about 6, y is about 4 to about 16, and z is zero to about 3; ##STR2## wherein m is about 2 to about 30; n is about 2 to about 30; and x is about 1 to about 30; or ##STR3## wherein n is about 2 to about 20.

Abstract: An insulation system for the turns of a multiturn coil in a high voltage electrical generator or motor having the outer strands of each turn insulated with a high dielectric strength material such as mica and having the inner strands insulated with a low dielectric strength material such as double dacron glass (DDG) or single dacron glass (SDG). The outer mica insulated strands of the turn are smaller in width than the inner DDG or SDG insulated strands in order to accommodate the differences in thickness between the mica, DDG, SDG or other materials used for strand insulation and in order to create a higher overall dielectric strength in the ground insulation of the coils. The outer mica insulated strands of the turn are different in thickness from the inner DDG or SDG insulated strands in order to minimize the Eddy and Circulating Current Losses of the winding and in order to accommodate the differences between the mechanical strengths of the mica and the DDG/SDG tapes.

Abstract: Insulated electrical cables which are suitable for use in gasoline fuel tanks comprise a stranded conductor which is blocked by a polysulfide and is covered by polyamide insulation.

Abstract: A cable construction comprising the following components: (i) a plurality of insulated electrical conductors having interstices therebetween, said insulation comprising (a) one or more polyolefins selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, and mixtures thereof, and, blended therewith, (b) a mixture containing one or more alkylhydroxy-phenylalkanoyl hydrazines and one or two functionalized hindered amines; (ii) hydrocarbon cable filler grease within the interstices; and (iii) a sheath surrounding components (i) and (ii) wherein said hindered amines have the following structural formulae in which n is about 2 to about 10: ##STR1##

Abstract: An insulated electrical wire coated with a polyamide-imide insulating material which is a copolymer of anhydrotrimellitic acid, aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids and a diisocyanate, with a molar ratio of the acids to the diisocyanate of from about 0.9:1.0 to about 1.1:1.0 and optionally further containing from about 1 part wt. to about 30 parts wt. of an epoxy resin per each 100 parts of the copolymer. Optionally the aforementioned insulation can be an interior, first coating, coated by a second coating of a polyamide, polyamide-imide, and when the first coat does not contain an epoxy, then a polyimide.

Abstract: A cable comprising one or more electrical conductors or a core of one or more electrical conductors, each conductor or core being surrounded by a layer of insulation comprising a multimodal copolymer of ethylene and one or more alpha-olefins, each alpha-olefin having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, the copolymer having a broad comonomer distribution as measured by TREF with a value for the percent of copolymer, which elutes out at a temperature of greater than 90 degrees C., of greater than about 5 percent; a WTGR value of less than about 20 percent; a melt index in the range of about 0.1 to about 30 grams per 10 minutes; and a density in the range of 0.880 to 0.950 gram per cubic centimeter, and being prepared by a low pressure process.

Abstract: A cable comprising one or more communications media or electrical conductors, or a core of two or more communications media or electrical conductors, each communications medium, electrical conductor, or core being surrounded by at least two layers, an inner insulating layer and an outer jacketing layer, is disclosed. The jacketing layer comprises an in situ blend of two copolymers of ethylene and one or more alpha-olefins having 3 to 12 carbon atoms. The blend has an Mw/Mn ratio in the range of about 8 to about 22; a melt index in the range of about 0.2 to about 3.5 grams per 10 minutes; a melt flow ratio in the range of about 55 to about 135; a molecular weight in the range of about 90,000 to about 250,000; and a density of at least 0.915 gram per cubic centimeter.

Abstract: Metallic conductors of electricity, such as stator bars in turbine generators, are coated with an insulating composition comprising a high temperature-resistant thermoplastic resin, such as a polyimide or polyethersulfone, having uniformly dispersed therein boron nitride or aluminum nitride in a proportion effective to provide a high thermal conductivity. Boron nitride is preferred by reason of its extremely high thermal conductivity, viscosity-decreasing properties and other advantages.

Abstract: A pulsed voltage surge resistant magnet wire comprising a conductor, a continuous and concentric and flexible uniform coat of base insulation material superimposed on the conductor and an essentially continuous and concentric and uniform pulsed voltage surge shield overlaying the coat of base insulation material.

Abstract: The present invention features a high-voltage, high-temperature cable article for use with electric motors, coils, transformers, generators and power supplies. The cable article has a conductive core member overlaid with an intermediate, semiconductive layer and an outer, insulative jacket layer. The intermediate, semiconductive layer can be a carbon-impregnated polymer such as a carbon-impregnated polyethylene; a carbon-impregnated, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM); semiconductive nylon tape; semiconductive PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) tape; semiconductive fabric tape; or a semiconductive extruded fluorocarbon. The temperature rating of the cable article is at least approximately 150.degree. C.; the voltage rating can be in a range of approximately between 1,000 to 15,000 volts. The wall thickness of the semiconductive layer can range from approximately 2 to 20 mils. The outer, insulative jacket layer can be a cross-linked polyolefin, an elastomeric or a thermoplastic elastomer material.

Abstract: Provided is a multilayer insulated wire comprising a conductor and three or more insulating layers covering the conductor, in which each of first and second insulating layers, as counted from the conductor side, is (a) an extrusion-coating layer of an intimate resin mixture compounded so that an ethylene-based copolymer, having a carboxylic acid or a metal salt of the carboxylic acid on the side chain thereof, accounts for 5 to 40 parts by weight compared to 100 parts by weight of a thermoplastic straight-chain polyester resin, (b) an extrusion-coating layer consisting mainly of a thermoplastic straight-chain polyester resin formed by combining an acid constituent and an alcoholic constituent the whole or a part of which is cyclohexanedimethanol, or (c) an extrusion-coating layer of an intimate resin mixture compounded so that the ethylene-based copolymer, having the carboxylic acid or the metal salt of the carboxylic acid on the side chain thereof, accounts for 50 parts or less by weight compared to 100 part

Abstract: Vulcanizable semiconductive shield compositions contain a linear, single-site catalyzed polymer formed by polymerizing ethylene with at least one comonomer selected from C.sub.3 to C.sub.20 alpha-olefins; a carbon black selected from furnace carbon blacks that contain ash and sulfur in amounts of 50 ppm or less and have crystal dimensions L.sub.a and L.sub.c of 30 .ANG. or less, acetylene carbon blacks, and furnace carbon blacks having an ASTM grade of N-351; and a crosslinking agent. The compositions may be used to manufacture semiconductive shields for electrical conductors, such as power cables. The semiconductive shields exhibit improved processability, low water vapor transmission and low shrinkback, without abrading or corroding extrusion equipment.

Abstract: A resin-coated, bonding fine wire for use in forming bonded electrical connections on a semiconductor device, wherein the bonding wire comprises an elongated fine wire of electrically conductive material, and first and second non-conductive coating layers. The first non-conductive coating layer covers the elongated fine wire and is of a material having good insulating property and heat resistance. The second non-conducting coating layer covers the first non-conductive coating layer and is of a material having good abrasion resistance. The first non-conductive coating layer includes at least one aromatic polyester resins, and the second non-conductive coating layer includes at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyester imides and polyimides. The second non-conductive coating layer is built up from a plurality of successive coats to define the second non-conductive coating layer as a non-conductive multilayer coating structure.

Abstract: Conductors of electric current in turbine generators and the like are insulated with materials resistant to damage by corona discharge. The insulating materials include an inner layer of a thermoplastic such as a polyetherimide, and an outer layer of a polyorganosiloxane material such as a silicone polyimide or the product of curing a room temperature vulcanizable silicone composition.

Abstract: An insulated wire having a conductor coated with insulating material wherein a light absorbing layer is provided between the conductor and the insulating material, thereby an insulating coating can be easily peeled off by means of laser.

Abstract: A polyethylene for an insulation layer of a power cable, of which the dissipation factor never increases even in a high-temperature, high electric field, and a crosslinked polyethylene insulated power cable which uses this polyethylene so that the high-temperature dielectric breakdown voltage is large enough for high-capacitance transmission. This polyethylene is a low-density polyethylene which is synthesized by high-pressure radical polymerization of ethylene, and has properties including: a melt flow rate of 0.1 to 10 g/10 minutes; a density of 0.915 to 0.935 g/cm.sup.3 ; an absorbance of 0.03 to 1.0 for a ketone-type carbonyl group, having a peak in a position corresponding to a wave-number of 1,725.+-.4 cm.sup.-1 in an infrared absorption spectrum, an absorbance of 1.0 or less for an ester-type carbonyl group, having a peak in a position corresponding to a wave-number of 1,743.+-.4 cm.sup.-1 and absorbances of less than 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an insulated wire comprising a conductor and at least two insulating layers provided on the outer periphery of the conductor. The inner insulating layer is provided directly or via another insulation on the outer periphery of the conductor and comprises a polyolefin compound containing 20 to 80 parts by weight of at least one substance selected from ethylene .alpha.-olefin copolymer, ethylene .alpha.-olefin polyene copolymer (.alpha.-olefin having the carbon numbers of C.sub.3 -C.sub.10, polyene being non-conjugated diene).

Abstract: The present invention is an improved jacketing material for all forms of electro-magnetic energy conductors. The jacket material of the present invention comprises a silicone material that is imbibed into a porous polymer, such as expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, to produce a flexible and durable composite. When applied as a cable jacket, the composite material of the present invention produces dramatic improvement over the use of silicone alone, especially in the areas of load sharing, resistance to fatigue from repeated flexure, and resistance to harsh environmental conditions. The ability of the material of the present invention to withstand repeated autoclave cycles without compromise makes it particularly suitable for cable jacketing in bio-medical applications.

Abstract: A high service temperature electrical wiring product comprising a jacketed polyvinyl chloride insulation incorporating a relatively volatile plasticizing system and manufacturing process therefor. The wiring product comprises an electrical conductor and an insulation covering on the conductor having a UL-83 service temperature classification of at least 90.degree. C. The insulation is formed of a primary coating of a polyvinyl chloride resin which contains a relatively volatile plasticizing system for the resin, specifically, one having a vapor pressure at 200.degree. C. of at least 0.3 torr. A jacket surrounding the primary insulation coating is formed of a poly (alkylene terephthalate) having a melt temperature in excess of that of the primary insulation coating.

Abstract: Laminar structures having a polyimide core layer, inner fluorinated ethylenepropylene copolymer (FEP) layers, intermediate polytetrafluoroethylene homopolymer (PTFE) and fluorinated ethylenepropylene copolymer (FEP) blend layers and outer fluorinated ethylenepropylene copolymer (FEP) layers for use in the form of narrow tapes as an insulating wire or cable wrap.

Abstract: A transmission cable having a nonhalogenated jacket and a nonhalogenated composition for use as a transmission cable jacket. The jacket is prepared from a nonhalogenated polyolefin based formulation having flame retardant, low corrosivity, low toxicity and low smoke characteristics. The jacket material insulates a core transmission medium such as a metallic conductor or optical fiber. The jacket is extruded about the core or insulator during manufacture. The inventive cable has a jacket formed of nonhalogenated polyethylene and nonhalogenated ethylene vinyl acetate and provides a combination of desired mechanical characteristics, improved performance and manufacturing features while eliminating undesirable corrosive products released during a fire.

Abstract: A new insulation system comprising film coated, copper magnet wires covered under NEMA Standards No. MW1000, insulated with single or multiple layer(s) of extruded TEFLON.RTM. (any color) fluorocarbon resin insulation to meet the government or safety agency promulgated performance and construction requirements.

Abstract: Improved thermoplastic compositions characterized by high tensile elongation values are described. They comprise polyphenylene ether resin, a hydrogenated elastomeric block copolymer having an A-B-A' structure, with specific molecular weight values for the copolymer blocks and a phenylsiloxane fluid of particular composition. Electrical conductor articles which include polymerized thermoplastic compositions as mentioned above represent another embodiment of this invention.

Abstract: A bundled conductor manufactured by bundling a plurality of small diameter conductors 1, or a bundled conductor 2 manufactured by giving an extremely rough twisting pitch, which is 20 times or more larger than an outer diameter of said bundled conductor, to the bundled conductor is formed. Then, an insulating layer 3 comprising 3 layers 3a, 3b and 3c, each comprising a heat-resistant plastic film, is arranged around the bundled conductor above. A required voltage resistance characteristics is provided and maintained by any 2 of the aforesaid 3 insulating layers, and each of the 3 insulating layers described above is independent respectively and can be separated from other ones.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an insulated wire comprising a conductor and at least two insulating layers provided on the outer periphery of the conductor. The inner insulating layer is provided directly or via another insulation on the outer periphery of the conductor and comprises a polyolefin compound containing 20 to 80 parts by weight of at least one substance selected from ethylene .alpha.-olefin copolymer, ethylene .alpha.-olefin polyene copolymer (.alpha.-olefin having the carbon numbers of C.sub.3 -C.sub.10, polyene being non-conjugated diene).

Abstract: An insulated wire comprising a conductor and an insulating coating made from a polyamideimide base coating, which polyamideimide is made of an acid component and a diisocyanate component containing 10 to 80 % by mole of an aromatic diisocyanate compound of the formula: ##STR1## or which polyamideimide is made of an diisocyanate component and an imidodicarboxylic acid that is a reaction product of an acid component and a diamine component, in which the diamine component contains an aromatic diamine compound of the formula: ##STR2## and/or the diisocyanate component contains the above aromatic diisocyanate compound in such an amount that a total amount of the aromatic diamine compound and the diisocyanate compound is from 10 to 80 % by mole based on the total amount of the whole diamine component and the whole diisocyanate component.

Abstract: An electrical cable having a wire bundle core surrounded by a thermal protection sleeve, the thermal protection sleeve consisting of a sandwich structure of outer acrylic adhesive layer and a silicone foam core.

Abstract: An electrical cable having a wire bundle core surrounded by a thermal and chafe protection sleeve, the thermal and chafe protection sleeve consisting of a sandwich structure having an additional outer layer of fiberglass lacing tape and a fluorosilicone fuel resistant coating.

Abstract: A bundled conductor manufactured by bundling a plurality of small diameter conductors 1, or a bundled conductor 2 manufactured by giving an extremely rough twisting pitch, which is 20 times or more larger than an outer diameter of said bundled conductor, to the bundled conductor is formed. Then, an insulating layer 3 comprising 3 layers 3a, 3b and 3c, each comprising a heat-resistant plastic film, is arranged around the bundled conductor above. A required voltage resistance characteristics is provided and maintained by any 2 of the aforesaid 3 insulating layers, and each of the 3 insulating layers described above is independent respectively and can be separated from other ones.

Abstract: An electric cable contains a cable insulation having high resistance to the formation or growth of water trees and having high aging resistance and good processibility and consisting of an ethylene polymer and from 0.5 to 40% by weight of an ethylene copolymer ionomer which contains, in addition to predominant amounts of ethylene, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenecarboxylic acid or a C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 -alkenedicarboxylic acid or -dicarboxylic anhydride as copolymerized units, some of the carboxyl groups or carboxylic anhydride groups having been converted into ammonium salts of tertiary amines.

Abstract: The present invention features a new lead wire for use with class F motors, coils and transformers. The new motor lead wire has the UL-required temperature rating of at least 150.degree. C. and a voltage rating of approximately 600 volts. The lead wire is characterized by a thinner and less costly insulative construction. The motor lead wire has a conductive core member that is overcoated with a primary insulation layer of polyolefin. The polyolefin layer is of a reduced thickness, generally below the standard 30 mils. The polyolefin insulation thickness can be reduced by half, to about 15 mils. This reduced insulation layer is then protected with a jacket of polyvinylidene fluoride or a polyvinylidene fluoride copolymer having an approximate maximum thickness of 0.005 inches. The primary insulation is cross-linked and stabilized with zinc salt of methylmercaptobenzimidazole and a hindered phenol oxidant.

Abstract: A thermoplastic cable and method of manufacture for use in an electrical system comprising a core which comprises a transmission medium, said transmission medium being an insulated metallic conductor or optical fiber, and a jacket which encloses the core and the jacket being co-extruded on the core and comprises an extruded inner layer and an extruded outer layer, with the inner layer being inseparable from and integrally formed with the outer layer.

Abstract: An insulated conductor (20) for use in a communication cable which includes a filling material (30) includes a copper conductor (25) and a composite insulation system (27) comprising two concentric layers of insulation. An inner foam layer (28) of the insulation comprises a cellular plastic material (28) which includes a stabilizer system. An outer layer (29) of the insulation is referred to as a skin and comprises a stabilized solid plastic material. The stabilizer system in each of the cellular and solid layers includes a bifunctional portion that functions as an antioxidant and as a metal deactivator and that has a relatively high resistance to extraction. The level of the bifunctional portion of the stabilizer in the cellular material is substantially greater than that in the skin inasmuch as it has been found that the level of the stabilizer cellular layer contiguous to the copper wire determines the oxidation performance level of the composite insulation.

Abstract: A cross-linked polyethylene insulated cable which is prepared by extrusion coating a polyethylene composition on a conductor, the polyethylene composition comprising polyethylene, more than 10% to less than 30% by weight of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate (hereinafter referred to as VA) content of about 28% to about 33% by weight, the EVA having an average particle diameter of less than 1.7 .mu.m (average of maximum 5 values), and an organic peroxide, and thereafter cross-linking the thus coated polyethylene composition.

Abstract: A polyurethane magnet wire comprising a conductor having provided thereon a polyurethane insulation coating, wherein the total amount of the phenolic compounds contained in organic compounds which evaporate from said coating by heating at 280.degree. C. for 2 minutes is 0.2 wt % or less based on the weight of the coating and the total amount of the organic compounds is 2 wt % or less based on the weight of the coating; and an electric relay comprising such a wire.

Abstract: A communication cable (20) includes a core (22) comprising a plurality of transmission media having a relatively supple layer (26) of a plastic material wrapped thereabout. Disposed about the layer of plastic material and in engagement therewith is a relatively rigid inner plastic jacket (28). Disposed about the inner jacket are additional components of a sheath system such as metallic shields and one or more additional plastic jackets. Interposed between the relatively supple layer of plastic material and the jacket is a water-blocking system which comprises two elongated strand materials (42, 44) such as yarns. The two elongated strand materials are wrapped helically about the layer of plastic material in opposite helical directions. The elongated strand materials are characterized by being yarn blends which comprise a portion of water-blocking filaments and a portion of relatively high strength filaments.

Abstract: A hermetic lead wire having an extruded chlorosulfonated polyethylene insulation wherein the insulation also contains an acid acceptor, filler and peroxide cross-linking agent. The insulation composition and a method of preparing the insulation composition by first blending the chlorosulfonated polyethylene with the acid acceptor and then adding a filler and peroxide cross-linking agent.

Abstract: Existing electrical cables (such as low speed data, low or high speed computer or telephone cables) employ connectors having holes or other openings for receiving the insulation or requiring conductors having a precise pitch. For example, a mechanical part of the connector may close over the received cables, piercing the insulation and making an electrical contact with the conductor inside the insulation. Or, the insulation may also be used to provide the spacing required for mass termination of insulation such as connectors which require a specified pitch. This dimension or pitch is supplied by the inner insulation while the outer insulation supplies the dimension required to meet the impedance/capacitance requirements of the electrical circuits involved. The modern high speed data cables must have substantially more insulation so that the capacitive loading or impedance match of the wire is at an acceptable level.