Abstract: In a food processing plant electronics used to monitor and control various food processing methods are subject to harsh environmental conditions such as thermal shock, outside contaminants and condensation. An electronics enclosure for minimizing such problems places the electronics in an interior enclosure which is separated from and surrounded by an exterior enclosure. Dry nitrogen gas is input to the interior box to create an internal pressure greater than ambient pressure. The gas is vented to the exterior box which is also maintained at greater than ambient pressure. Thermal shock is reduced by spacing the internal and external boxes apart using thermally non-conductive spacers.

Abstract: In a gas insulated electric apparatus having gas sections filled with insulating gas, a locating device determines a position of a gas section in which an insulation abnormality is detected, on the basis of a detection signal from sensors disposed in each of predetermined gas sections. At the same time a hindering degree diagnosing device diagnoses the degree and the kind of the insulation abnormality, by comparing a detection signal from the sensors with data stored in a data base. A valve control generates a valve control signal, responding to the locating device and the hindering degree diagnosing device, and in response to the valve control signal, a trip circuit generates a valve opening signal to open an electromagnetic valve disposed in a gas section in which an insulation abnormality is detected.

Abstract: An electrical component, mounted for example to a printed circuit board, is enclosed in a sealed chamber with an inert gas that permits the electrical leads of the electrical component to be formed from a material having high heat and electrical conductivity, such as silver, that is protected from corrosion and/or oxidation by the inert gas. The housing is fabricated from a heat conductive material, and heat is thereby drawn from the electrical leads for dissipation by the outer surface of the housing.

Abstract: An electrically driven explosion-proof painting robot comprises a base having a first pressurized chamber, a rotary base having a second pressurized chamber, an inner arm having a third pressurized chamber and an outer arm having a fourth pressurized chamber. Each pressurized chamber is hermetically sealed and independently formed, can contain an electric motor connected with cables and is not in fluid communication with one another. Each pressurized chamber is supplied with pressurized air respectively by respective air pipes extending through the respective walls of the chambers. Each air pipe is made detectable its pressure respectively.

Abstract: A gas insulated electrical apparatus in which electric devices for three phases are housed within a common gas-filled vessel includes a first and a second curved wall spaced apart from each other by a first distance and a third and a fourth curved wall connected between the first and second curved walls and spaced apart from each other by a second distance smaller than the first distance to define a substantially oval cross-sectional shape. The electric devices are arranged in a row extending between the first and second walls. The first and second curved walls may have a first radius of curvature and the third and fourth curved walls may have a second radius of curvature larger than the first radius of curvature.

Abstract: A packaged electrical component includes a tubular body having first and second ends and an opening at the first end for receiving an electrical component; an electrical component disposed within the tubular body; an end cap mounted on the first end of the tubular body, closing the opening; and a fluid-filled pressure-applying element disposed within the tubular body between the end cap and the electrical component, applying pressure to the electrical component within the tubular body. The fluid-filled pressure-applying element is preferably a variable volume container that contains a gas, a liquid, or a solid produced by curing of a liquid. A fluid is injected into the container after assembly of the package so that a uniform pressure is applied to the component compensating for thickness non-uniformities of the component. Assembly is simplified since the element is pressurized after assembly of the package rather than while the package is being manufactured.

Abstract: A sealed wire entry port for a housing (10) having a base (12) and a top (11), and a body of sealing material (16) joining the top (11) to the base (12) and a pair of insulated wires (21) in which the insulation (31) is removed where the wires (21) run through the body of sealing material (16), a plug (22) disposed in an opening in the base (12), wherein the two wires (21) run through the plug (22) into the sealing material (16) and a vent (23) that runs through the plug (22) into the housing (10), wherein the vent (23) is adapted to be closed after a gas has been either evacuated or introduced into the interior of the housing (10) to reduce moisture within the housing before final sealing. A method of assembling and sealing the unit (10) is also disclosed.

Abstract: A connector for protecting an IC comprising a connector body, a closed plate, and an annular air-tight sealing material. An air-tight chamber is formed centrally of the annular air-tight sealing material by compressing the annular air-tight sealing material between the connector main body and the closed plate. The IC is received in the air-tight chamber so as to be electrically contacted with the connector body.

Abstract: A capacitor having high stability with temperature comprising a cylindrical metal body, a cylindrical high tension electrode coaxial with the body and placed inside it, and at least two low tension electrodes constrained to remain in contact against the inside wall of the body via an intervening insulating layer, said electrodes being disposed symmetrically about the geometrical axis of the body, said low tension electrodes being held in place by retaining means that allow them to expand freely, the dielectric medium extending between the high tension electrode and the low tension electrodes being a gas or a vacuum, the expansion coefficient .alpha.c of the body being equal to the expansion coefficient .alpha.h of the high tension electrode, and the expansion coefficient .alpha.c of the body material being related to the expansion coefficient .alpha.b of the material of the low tension electrodes by the following inequalities:1.5<.alpha.b/.alpha.c<2.

Abstract: Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions of effective amounts of 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,-octofluorobutane; trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethane, or 1,3-dichloro-1,2,2,3,3-HCFC-225cb; and an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, or isopropanol, to form an azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition are disclosed that are useful as cleaning agents, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes and as power cycle working fluids.

Abstract: Constant boiling azeotropic or azeotrope-like mixtures of octafluoropropane and fluoroethane are useful as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes and as power cycle working fluids.

Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of HFC-338pcc and an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or N-propanol, or a ketone such as acetone, are disclosed that are useful as cleaning agents, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, and displacement drying agents.

Abstract: Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions of effective amounts of 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluorobutane and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene; cis-1,2-dichloroethylene; or 1,1-dichloroethane to form an azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition are disclosed that are useful as cleaning agents, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes and as power cycle working fluids.

Abstract: Ternary mixtures of pentafluoroethane, difluoromethane and tetrafluoroethane are useful as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, and as power cycle working fluids.

Abstract: An electric switchboard for medium voltages provides for the insulation of the compartments by means of sulfur hexafluoride gas, and each compartment is subdivided into superimposed cells which are metallically separated from one another and are gastight. In the cells auxiliary isolators are also provided for electrically isolating parts of the compartment for the purpose of maintenance without putting the entire switchboard out of action.

Abstract: Both a co-fired ceramic package for a power circuit is disclosed as well as a method of manufacture thereof. The package includes a base which is formed from a plurality of pyrolizable ceramic films, each of which includes a heat-conductive and electrically insulative ceramic material such as aluminum nitride, silicon carbide or beryllium oxide embedded within a binder. In the method of the invention, two or three ceramic films are metalized with a pattern of conductive material on their top surfaces. The resulting metalized films are then stacked over a plurality of unmetalized ceramic films, and the resulting aggregate stack is laminated together by the application of heat and pressure. Electrical components are then soldered onto the top surface of the base, and a cover is sealingly connected around the resulting hybrid circuit. The metalization step advantageously forms terminals around the cover which allow access to the heat generating power circuit without the need for glass post seals.

Abstract: A kit for the assembly of an adhesively sealed package designed to encase an electronic device is provided. The kit comprises a metallic base and cover components which are adapted to receive a polymeric adhesive. At least those portions of the base and cover component which will contact the polymeric adhesive are provided with a coating of a second metal or oxide. In one embodiment, first, second and third dry film adhesives are tacked to the base and cover components.

Abstract: A protective or purge enclosure provides a positive atmosphere around an operating device such as a hand-held computer or calculator contained therein. The protective enclosure has sufficient flexibility, even though providing a positive, sealed atmosphere, to enable the user to operate the functional features of the device sealed within the enclosure, and the material forming the device is sufficiently transparent to enable the user to view the functional features of the device for operation. A visible indicator provided on the enclosure enables the user to determine if the enclosure is maintaining the positive atmosphere sealed therein.

Abstract: The poor electrical conduction at an electrical switch contact caused by organopolysiloxane gas can be prevented by providing that a nitrogenous base gas be simultaneously present with the organopolysiloxane gas. Nitrogeneous base gases can be aliphatic amines or aromatic amines.

Abstract: A metal package for housing an electronic device wherein the electronic device is attached to a severable die attach pad. The die attach pad is bonded to the base of the package with a thermally conductive medium. The base is bonded to the die attach pad and to the leadframe at the same time to reduce the thermal degradation of the sealants. In other embodiments, apertures are provided in the base component to enhance cooling of the electronic device and in the cover component to vent reaction by-products.

Abstract: With an accelerator for accelerating an electron beam by a voltage of about 400 KV having a stability of 10.sup.-6, it is difficult to use a flexible, insulated cable to feed the output from a power supply to an electron beam and an accelerating tube. Accordingly, the present invention employs a rodlike connector instead of such an insulated cable. A guide means is provided to permit the movement of a power supply column in the direction of the axis of the connector. This facilitates cleaning or otherwise maintaining the power supply column, the electron gun, and the accelerating tube.

Abstract: An enclosed thyristor valve of the type dividable into first and second portions comprises a tank, a thyristor valve assembly including a plurality of thyristor elements encased in the tank, a plurality of light guides extending through the tank for transmitting light signals for firing the thyristor elements, cooling pipes extending through the tank for circulating a coolant to cool the thyristor assembly, and bushings mounted on the tank for connecting the thyristor valve assembly with a power line system. The first and second portions are connected at mating flange portions disposed to the first and second portions of the tank. The light guides and cooling pipes are provided for the first portion of the tank so that the light guides and the cooling pipes are not disconnected from the first portion when the inspection and the maintenance of the thyristor valve are required.

Abstract: A method for making an electrical inductive device for use in hermetic atmospheres which incorporate refrigerants such as halogenated methane compositions, for example refrigerant R-22, monochlorodifluoromethane. The device may be a wound coil device formed of magnet wire, the enamel coating of which has resistance to blistering when exposed to refrigerants under saturated conditions at temperatures up to about 200.degree. or 210.degree. C. and above. The enamel coating composition or wire enamel is formed as the reaction product of 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, optionally with an aromatic dianhydride, and a diamine such as p,p'-methylenedianiline or p,p'-oxydianiline, in an organic solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

Abstract: A gas-insulated electric device comprising an electric conductor disposed in a sealed vessel filled with an insulating gas, the conductor being supported by a solid insulating member. The insulating gas is a nitrilic fluorocarbon compound or a mixture of a nitrilic fluorocarbon compound and SF.sub.6. In this device, the dielectric strength is increased. Accordingly, the size of the device can be decreased.

Abstract: An insulating gas for an electric device which comprises pentafluoropropionitrile or a mixture of pentafluoropropionitrile and sulfur hexafluoride and at least one nitrite ester selected from methyl nitrite, ethyl nitrite, propyl nitrite, butyl nitrite, and amyl nitrite. The effects of pentafluoropropionitrile on humans can be moderated by addition of the nitrite ester.

Abstract: A current transformer for outdoor high-voltage installations which is insulated by pressurized gas includes a metallic top housing mounted to a hollow porcelain insulator. The top housing contains a primary conductor which is surrounded by coils of the secondary circuit. The secondary terminal leads are installed in a grounded lead-through tube which is disposed within the hollow porcelain insulator. In order to increase the dielectric strength of the current transformer, the space which is enclosed by the top housing and the porcelain insulator is divided into a high-pressure region and a low-pressure region, the former region including zones which are exposed to high voltages, in particular the interior of the top housing, and which are bounded throughout by metal and a mechanically strong insulating material, such as a casting region.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus which is resistant to electrical breakdown consisting of a chamber containing electrodes separated by dielectric gas supersaturated with the vapor from a dielectric liquid.

Abstract: Provided is an electrical insulation body useful in electrical installations operated with SF.sub.6 as a quenching and/or insulating gas. The insulation body is comprised of a thermosetting resin matrix and a mineral filler of predominantly quartz powder and from about 5 to 50 percent by weight of the mineral filler of a second mineral powder component for increasing resistance to SF.sub.6 cleavage products, which second component comprises at least one alkaline earth metal carbonate.

Abstract: Corona stabilization in electronegative gases such as SF.sub.6 is enhanced through the use of additives exhibiting ionization potentials which lie in the range in which the photon absorption characteristic of the electronegative insulating gas, as a function of ionization energy, exhibits minimal values. Accordingly, the present invention not only discloses such methods for enhancing corona stabilization but also discloses gaseous mixtures exhibiting this enhanced corona stabilization characteristic. Enhanced corona stabilization is important in that it produces significantly increased divergent field breakdown voltages in the gaseous mixture in gas pressure ranges which are of significant interest to the electrical industry. In particular, it is seen herein that tri-ethylamine is a particularly effective additive for use with SF.sub.6.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process and apparatus for treating noxious gases and/or substances which are produced by virtue of an electric arc in the event of a switching operation or due to corona discharge. A gas insulated electrical apparatus is connected to a container for a cleaning solution including a volatile solvent. A conduit connects the container for the cleaning solution to the gas insulated electrical apparatus, and another conduit, including a filter apparatus, connects the gas insulated electrical apparatus to the container for the cleaning solution, for returning the cleaning solution, which has been used to wash the gas insulated electrical apparatus, to the container for the cleaning solution. Vacuum or pressure producing apparatuses may be provided for aiding in the transfer of the cleaning solution.

Abstract: A dielectric fluid composition with high electrical strength characterized by a gas mixed with the vapor from a first fluid having a high vapor pressure at a low temperature and the vapor from a second fluid having a low vapor pressure at a low temperature to effect a mixture having a higher electrical strength than any component thereof over a temperature range from about -20.degree. C. to -40.degree. C. to about +120.degree. C. to +140.degree. C., with the vapor pressure of the mixture at the highest temperature being about one to two atmospheres. Also, the mixing of low and high cost liquids to obtain a low cost liquid with a vapor with an electrical strength equivalent or better than the best vapor over a wide temperature range.

Abstract: A dielectric fluid composition with high electrical strength characterized by a first fluid selected from the group consisting of electronegative gases, such as SF.sub.6, CCl.sub.2 F.sub.2, C.sub.2 F.sub.6, CF.sub.3 Cl, and CF.sub.4, and mixtures thereof; or from another group consisting of electropositive gases, such as N.sub.2 and CO.sub.2, and mixtures thereof; or from mixtures of the two groups; and a second fluid from a group of atomized liquids, which may be chlorinated liquid, such as, C.sub.2 Cl.sub.4 (tetrachloroethylene); and fluorocarbon liquids, such as, C.sub.8 F.sub.16 O (perfluorodibutyl ether), and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Dielectric gas mixture including a binary pair of gases with electric strengths in uniform or quasi-uniform fields which are higher than that for either component of the gases alone. Such binary pairs include (a) SF.sub.6 and CF.sub.3 CFCF.sub.2, (b) SO.sub.2 and CF.sub.3 CFCF.sub.2, and (c) SO.sub.2 and SF.sub.6.

Abstract: A relatively low-cost dielectric gas mixture including a halogenated hydrocarbon such as CC1.sub.2 F.sub.2, subject to carbonization in the presence of an electrical discharge, and a minor portion of CF.sub.3 NO.sub.2 or CF.sub.3 SO.sub.2 F which suppresses carbonization of the halogenated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for operating a lead-in-device receiving a conductor which passes through the cover of an electrical precipitation apparatus down to its electrode system. A portion of the conductor is encircled by an insulator which is radially spaced therefrom and of which the upper end provides support for a structural component having the conductor gas tightly passed therethrough. The space inside the insulator receives a sealing gas which is maintained under a pressure higher than that prevailing in the electrical precipitation apparatus. The sealing gas used for operating the device is a gas mixture consisting of an inert gas and at least 10 volume % of methane.

Abstract: A high voltage cable, which is insulated with a solid insulated material, preferably cross-linked polyethylene, is connected to a pressure-gas-insulated conductor by means of a cable termination apparatus comprising a metal enclosure filled with pressure gas. The cable end is provided with a contact socket and secured in the metal enclosure by means of a pull rod fixed to the contact socket and oriented substantially in the axial extension of the cable end. A sealing device encloses a portion of the contact socket and the adjacent portion of the high voltage cable insulation.

Abstract: Dielectric gas mixtures are described with improved dielectric strength in uniform fields compared to pure sulfur hexafluoride. Sulfur hexafluoride is mixed with about 1 to about 10 mole % of a noble gas such as helium, argon, krypton or neon and used in a device wherein the dielectric gas is subjected to a substantially uniform field such as compressed gas insulated cable.

Abstract: Gaseous insulators comprise compounds having high attachment cross sections for electrons having energies in the 0-1.3 electron volt range. Multi-component gaseous insulators comprise compounds and mixtures having overall high electron attachment cross sections in the 0-1.3 electron volt range and moderating gases having high cross sections for inelastic interactions with electrons of energies 1-4 electron volts. Suitable electron attachment components include hexafluorobutyne, perfluorobutene-2, perfluorocyclobutane, perfluorodimethylcyclobutane, perfluorocyclohexene, perfluoromethylcyclohexane, hexafluorobutadiene, perfluoroheptene-1 and hexafluoroazomethane. Suitable moderating gases include N.sub.2, CO, CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2. The gaseous insulating mixture can also contain SF.sub.6, perfluoropropane and perfluorobenzene.

Abstract: A high voltage magnetic relay is enclosed by an insulating housing containing a gas such as sulfur hexafluoride under pressure. The switch terminals removably extend through a wall of the housing and are sealed. The magnet structure is removably connected to the housing by a sealed joint. A fill valve removably extends through a wall of the housing and is sealed thereto. The armature shifts a pivotal arm in the housing between open and closed contact positions.The housing is formed of a polyamide material having the property of being resistant to deterioriation by fluorine gas, said material being poly hexamethylene terephthalic amide.

Abstract: Electronegative, normally gaseous, fluorinated compounds with sulfur at valence state 2 act as good dielectric gases alone or in combination with sulfur hexafluoride. In particular bis (trifluoromethyl) sulfide has a higher dielectric strength than sulfur hexafluoride when used alone and increases dielectric strength of sulfur hexafluoride in blends.

Abstract: A method of testing a gas insulated system for the presence of conducting particles. The method includes inserting a gaseous mixture comprising about 98 volume percent nitrogen and about 2 volume percent sulfur hexafluoride into the gas insulated system at a pressure greater than 60 lb./sq. in. gauge, and then applying a test voltage to the system. If particles are present within the system, the gaseous mixture will break down, providing an indicator of the presence of the particles.

Abstract: Carbon formation on voltage breakdown and sparking, and consequent carbon deposits on insulators and other surfaces, is suppressed in dielectric gases of halogenated alkanes by adding SF.sub.6 and/or CO.sub.2 to the halogenated alkane to form a gaseous dielectric mixture. Moreover, certain of the gaseous dielectric mixtures evidence unexpectedly high dielectric breakdown voltages. The gaseous dielectric mixtures are useful in high voltage coaxial lines, in transformers, in minisubstations, and the like.

Abstract: Perfluorinated ethers evidence useful properties as gaseous dielectrics and do not exhibit a high carbon tracking tendency, which is commonly a problem with halogenated alkanes. Mixtures of the perfluorinated ethers with SF.sub.6 and/or CO.sub.2, in critical proportions which are specific to each system, evidence improved dielectric breakdown voltages. The perfluorinated ethers and mixtures of the perfluorinated ethers with SF.sub.6 and/or CO.sub.2 are useful in high voltage coaxial lines, transformers, minisubstations, and the like.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a laminar insulating material for electrical apparatus insulated by a fluid such as an insulating gas or an insulating liquid. The laminar insulating material includes two cover layers which are made of a material of relatively high density and an insulating material of relatively low density which is permeable for the fluid and fills the space between the cover layers.The invention is particularly well suited for the manufacture of the housings of overvoltage arresters which are arranged in the metal encapsulation of a gas-insulated, high-voltage installation. The laminar insulating material accomplishes here a faultless separation between the insulating gas in the metal encapsulation and that in the overvoltage arrester. Gases which penetrate the cover layers can be led off to the outside from the gas-permeable insulating material.