Abstract: An angular output transfer case incorporates an internal single cardan joint within the transfer case housing. The internal single cardan joint is coupled with an angularly oriented output shaft, and has a fixed included angle. An external single cardan joint without the housing couples the output shaft with a propeller shaft, and thus has a dynamic included angle. The joints are phased ninety degrees, and are related such that the fixed included angle is equal to the dynamic included angle at an optimum design condition.

Abstract: A multi-plate friction clutch for a motor vehicle to automatically engage normally driven wheels with wheels which are not normally driven includes a fluid pressure piston/cylinder for engaging the plates connected to a pressure line and a discharge line through two rotary valves. One valve is formed by an inner plate carrier rotatable on a drive shaft through an angle .alpha. and the other valve is formed by a sleeve around the shaft and rotatable with respect to a fixed housing through an angle .beta.. The cylinder is selectively pressurized or de-pressurized through bores, ducts, ports and line systems in dependence or the relative rotary movements of the valves.An over-ride valve is provided.