Abstract: The invention proposes a hybrid drive for a vehicle with a power train, which has a first electric machine (4), which is permanently connected to an input shaft (3) of the vehicle transmission (2) arranged between an internal combustion engine (1) and a vehicle transmission (2) with changeable gear ratio, and which can be operated as an engine or as a generator, and a hydraulic pump (5) for the vehicle transmission (2), in which at least one first shiftable clutch device (7) is arranged between the internal combustion engine (1) and the vehicle transmission (2), and in which the hydraulic pump (5) is torque-proof connected to the input shaft (3) of the vehicle transmission (2). A hybrid drive is also proposed, which comprises two electric machines, in which the hydraulic pump (5) is coupled via at least one element for force transfer to the input shaft (3) of the vehicle transmission (2).

Abstract: A motor has a stator core, a coil, a rotor, and a motor case in which the stator core, the coil, and the rotor are housed. The motor is also provided with a fluid carrying member that is arranged around a coil end of the coil in the motor case and has an inlet hole that is communicated with a fluid supply source and a distribution hole that is communicated with a space inside the motor case.

Abstract: An in-wheel motor includes a motor, a shaft, an oil pump and oil paths. The oil pump is provided on one end of the shaft. The motor includes a stator core, stator coils and a rotor. The oil pump pumps up an oil from an oil reservoir via an oil path to supply the pumped-up oil to another oil path. The another oil path supplies the oil from the oil pump to the outer periphery of the stator core of the motor from an opening end.

Abstract: In a traveling device according to the present invention, self-support and conveyance of the device by dragging are facilitated. Two wheels 1L, 1R are provided in parallel, and the wheels 1L, 1R are provided respectively with independent driving means (motors) 2L, 2R. The driving means 2L, 2R are connected by vehicle main bodies 3U, 3D divided into an upper side and a lower side. Further, casters 32L, 32R are provided on a rear side of the lower side vehicle main body 3D via support portions 31L, 31R. The casters 32L, 32R are rotated freely by rotary shafts 33L, 33R including a bearing or the like. Further, the casters 32L, 32R are disposed such that a tangent linking the respective outer peripheries of the casters 32L, 32R to the wheels 1L, 1R forms a predetermined angle ?d relative to a road surface. The angle ?d is set to be larger than a maximum tilt (departure angle) within an assumed normal traveling range of the vehicle.

Abstract: An electric transaxle unit includes an axle, an electric motor for driving the axle, a motor shaft serving as an output shaft of the electric motor, the motor shaft being not coaxial to the axle, a deceleration gear train interposed between the motor shaft and the axle, a brake adapted to brake any element in a power train between the motor shaft and the axle via the deceleration gear train, and a casing. The casing incorporates the axle, the electric motor, the motor shaft, the deceleration gear train and the brake. The casing includes an attachment portion to be attached to a frame, and wherein the attachment portion has a constant height from a center axis of the axle regardless of whether the casing is vertically inversed.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for robotic control that allows an unbalanced pendulum robot to raise its Center of Mass and balance on two motorized wheels. The robot includes a pair of arms that are connected to the upper body of the robot through motorized joints. The method consists of a series of movements employing the arms of the robot to raise the robot to the upright position. The method comprises a control loop in which the motorized drives are included for dynamic balance of the robot and the control of the arm apparatus. The robot is first configured as a low Center of Mass four-wheeled vehicle, then its Center of Mass is raised using a combination of its wheels and the joint located at the attachment point of the arm apparatus and the robot body, between the rear and front wheels; the method then applies accelerations to the rear wheels to dynamically pivot and further raise the Center of Mass up and over the main drive wheels bringing the robot into a balancing pendulum configuration.

Abstract: A control device is provided for a power train including: a differential mechanism having a first rotating element linked to a first rotary electric machine, a second rotating element linked to a second rotary electric machine and a third rotating element linked to an internal combustion engine; a switching mechanism that switches between a first state that permits relative rotation of the first, second and third rotating elements, and a second state that prohibits relative rotation thereof; and a transmission mechanism connected to the differential mechanism which transmits torque from the differential mechanism to a wheel. The control device includes: a first control portion that controls the switching mechanism so as to switch between the first and second states; and a second control portion that compensates for an amount of change in the torque transmitted to the wheel when the switching between the two states is performed.

Abstract: A system and method for managing a power source in a vehicle having an engine and an electric machine includes setting first and second discharge limits for the power source, where the second discharge limit is higher than the first discharge limit. A buffer value is determined as a function of at least the second discharge limit and an engine-on power requirement. A driver demand for power is determined, and the engine is started when the engine is off and the driver demand for power exceeds the buffer value.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle drive control system has a first clutch interposed between an engine and a motor/generator, a transmission including several gear position clutches arranged between the motor/generator and a drive wheel, and a controller. The controller selectively starts the engine using torque from the first clutch during a mode drive change from an electric drive mode to a hybrid drive mode. When an engine start command occurs during the drive mode change, the controller selects the engaged gear position clutch that has the maximum torque transfer capacity from the engaged clutches constituting a vehicle running gear occurring during an engine starting process as a second clutch to be controlled. Then the controller executes a slip control of the second clutch when the first clutch is being connected to start the engine during the mode change from the electric drive mode to the hybrid drive mode.

Abstract: An electric golf bag cart includes a cart body unit having at least one first engaging portion, a pair of rear wheel units connected to the cart body unit, an electrically operable power front wheel unit coupled to the cart body unit and electrically operable to cooperate with the rear wheel units for moving the cart body unit on a ground surface, and a battery unit having at least one second engaging portion that is coupled detachably to the first engaging portion of the cart body unit, and connected electrically to the power front wheel unit.

Abstract: A drive unit for a hybrid electric motor vehicle includes an engine, an electric machine including a rotor, a layshaft gearset including an input driveably connected to the engine and an output, for transmitting power between the input and the output and producing a first speed differential that causes a speed of the input to exceed a speed of the output, first and second driveshafts, a differential mechanism driveably connected to the output, for transmitting power between the output and the driveshafts, and a planetary gear unit driveably connected to the output and the rotor, for transmitting power between the rotor and the output and producing a second speed differential that causes a speed of the rotor to exceed the speed of the output.

Abstract: A drive for a track-laying vehicle includes a drive shaft connected for driving two chain drive wheels of the track-laying vehicle. At least one differential gear system is arranged for superimposing a rotational speed of a steering drive on at least one of the chain drive wheels. The drive shaft is in drive connection with an electrical machine which can be operated as a generator or as an electric motor and which can be connected to an internal combustion engine by an engaging and disengaging clutch. The electrical machine is operable for charging an electrical energy storage device during operation in generator mode.

Abstract: A hybrid input differential engine system comprising a planetary gear set. Preferably, an ICE is connected to the planet gear carrier, the output shaft is connected to the ring gear, and the sun gear is connected to a supercharger/expander and an electric or hydraulic motor/generator. As engine torque increases, the supercharger speeds up, increasing torque still further, enabling a small displacement engine to have very high torque at low RPM. In cruise conditions, the sun gear direction is reversed by the motor/generator, causing the supercharger to act as an expander for efficiently throttling the engine. The motor/generator modulates the speed/torque relationships between the engine and the supercharger/expander. A second motor/generator may be used on the output shaft. The electric machines and electric storage may be downsized because less electrical power is needed for the operation of the system.

Abstract: To provide a power plant which is capable of improving the drive efficiency and power generation efficiency when electric power is generated using power of the drive part thereof. In a power plant (1), an output shaft (3a) of an internal combustion engine (3) is connected to driven parts DW and DW, and a transmission (20) is connected between the output shaft (3a) of the engine (3) and the driven parts DW and DW, while one of first to third elements (31), (32), and (34) of a planetary gear train (30) is connected between the output shaft (3a) of the engine (3) and the transmission (20), another one of the first to third elements to the output portion (42) of the generator-motor (40), and the remaining one of the same to the driven parts DW and DW.

Abstract: A vehicle's active electrically controlled non-step speed change mechanism includes an internal combustion engine, a dynamo (motor-generator), a power allotment unit and an active electrically controlled non-step speed changer to control vehicle able to run in the best condition notwithstanding its speed, roadway condition or load thereby achieving the aim of fuel saving and minimizing the environmental contamination due to excess discharge of exhaust gas.

Abstract: A power system that provides power between an energy storage device, an external charging-source/load, an onboard electrical power generator, and a vehicle drive shaft. The power system has at least one energy storage device electrically connected across a dc bus, at least one filter capacitor leg having at least one filter capacitor electrically connected across the dc bus, at least one power inverter/converter electrically connected across the dc bus, and at least one multiphase motor/generator having stator windings electrically connected at one end to form a neutral point and electrically connected on the other end to one of the power inverter/converters. A charging-sourcing selection socket is electrically connected to the neutral points and the external charging-source/load. At least one electronics controller is electrically connected to the charging-sourcing selection socket and at least one power inverter/converter.

Abstract: A hybrid powertrain includes a hybrid electro-mechanical transmission and a power source. A planetary gear set having a first, a second, and a third member connects the power source with a first and a second motor/generator. A battery is operatively connected to the motor/generators for receiving power therefrom and delivering power thereto. An input member rotates with the first member, the first motor/generator rotates with the second member, and the second motor/generator rotates with the output member. A first torque-transmitting mechanism is engagable to connect the second motor/generator for rotation with the third member. The battery and the second motor/generator provide an electric-only operating mode to power the output member when the first torque-transmitting mechanism is not engaged; the power source, planetary gear set and first motor/generator thereby being disconnected from the output member during the electric-only operating mode to prevent parasitic drag.

Abstract: In a wheel rotating apparatus including a motor and a planet gear mechanism to generate a drive force, the planet gear includes first and second gears having different diameters, connected to each other in an axial direction thereof with planet gear shaft. The first gear is inside the stator and the rotor in radial and axial directions of the wheel and the second gear is outside the first gear in an axial direction of the wheel. A vehicle may include a suspension connected to the base of the wheel rotating apparatus.

Abstract: There are provided plural suspension links, one end of each of which is coupled to a wheel and the other end of each of which is coupled to a vehicle body. The suspension links are disposed so as to extend substantially in a vehicle width direction. A drive motor is disposed so as to be offset from a center of a wheel on a side that is away from disposition location of the suspension links. The drive motor and the wheel are coupled by a drive-force transmitting mechanism so that a drive force can be transmitted. Accordingly, there can be provided the disposition structure of a drive device for a vehicle that can provide both the drive motors and the suspension links without any improper interference, ensuring proper controlling of the wheel positions.

Abstract: A power-dividing device for a working vehicle includes a case member, an input shaft supported by the case member so that a first end portion of the input shaft can be operatively connected to a driving source, a PTO unit having a PTO shaft supported by the case member so as to be offset with respect to the input shaft, a power transmission mechanism accommodated in the case member to transmit power from the input shaft to the PTO shaft, and a first pump unit having a first pump shaft operatively connected to the input shaft and being fluid-connected to an actuator disposed outside.

Abstract: The invention concerns a hybrid drive chain of a vehicle (1) comprising a heat engine (2) connected to a mechanical assembly (4) including a gearbox (5) coupled with a differential (6) itself coupled with the driven wheels (7G, 7D) of the vehicle (1) by their respective axle shafts (8G, 8D), and at least one electrical machine (3) including a stator (10) and a rotor (11), cooperating with the heat engine (2) via the mechanical assembly to provide heat and/or hybrid traction to the driven wheels (7G, 7D). The invention is characterized in that the electrical machine (3) is arranged between the differential (6) and one of the driven wheels (7D), by surrounding the axle shaft (8D) connecting the driven wheel (7D) to the differential (6).

Abstract: A hybrid-electric powertrain for a wheeled vehicle having an internal combustion engine, an electric generator, an electric motor and a battery. Transmission gearing establishes multiple torque flow paths including a forward drive torque flow path and a reverse drive torque flow path, the motor being isolated from forward drive gearing elements as it acts as a sole reverse drive power source.

Abstract: A hybrid electric vehicle and powertrain include an engine operable to output torque in only one direction, and further includes a power transfer arrangement configured to provide output torque in two rotational directions. In one embodiment, the power transfer arrangement includes three gears and a single clutch, the configuration of which provides a simple mechanism for driving the vehicle in reverse using torque produced by the engine.

Abstract: A vehicle control system is comprised of a controller which is arranged to select an optimal mode adapted to a driving point of a vehicle from an optimal mode map of defining a plurality of running modes of the vehicle, to detect a generation of a mode transition in the optimal mode map, and to hold a current running mode selected before the transition for a holding time period when the generation of the mode transition is detected.

Abstract: A wheel drive assembly and suspension for a vehicle wheel includes a spindle, a wheel drive shaft that rotates relative to the spindle about an axis of rotation, and an electric motor that has a motor output shaft for driving the wheel drive shaft. A motor housing encloses a speed reducing planetary gear set that is driven by the motor output shaft. The motor output shaft and the wheel drive shaft are co-axial. A suspension arm extends in a direction transverse to the axis of rotation. The suspension arm includes a pivot end attached to a vehicle structure and an attachment end that is rigidly attached to the motor housing such that the electric motor is a structural part of the suspension.

Abstract: A drive device for electric vehicles comprises a casing 30, a motor 40 housed in the casing and having a rotating shaft 42, a housing 50 rotatably fitted around the casing and coupled to the outer end of the rotating shaft of the motor by a reduction gear mechanism 48, a drive wheel 80 provided around the housing and an electromagnetic brake 60 for arresting the rotation of the rotating shaft of the motor at the base end of the shaft. The rotating shaft of the motor is engaged with or disengaged from the electromagnetic brake by a clutch mechanism 70 provided between the shaft and the brake.

Abstract: A kinematic chain for an electric traction vehicle, the traction of the vehicle being provided by at least one rotating electric machine (3), acting on at least one wheel (2) of the vehicle by means of reduction means (5). The kinematic chain comprises a parking brake which acts between the rotor (9) and the stator of the electric machine.

Abstract: A geared motor for driving an electric wheelchair, which can realize features such as light weight, compact size, low noise, and low vibration at the same time, as well as high performance at low cost. In a driving device of an electric wheelchair for driving a wheel shaft by the power of a motor, the motor is disposed in such a manner that a motor shaft thereof is orthogonal to the wheel shaft. A hypoid speed reduction mechanism having a hypoid pinion and a hypoid gear intervenes between the motor shaft and the wheel shaft.

Abstract: A steering drive for a steeled wheel of an industrial truck, particularly a rear wheel of a three-wheeled industrial truck, comprising a steering bolster supporting the rear wheel which is supported to be pivotable about a vertical steering axle inside the flame of the industrial truck, a steeling motor coaxial with the steering axle, a bearing assembly between the flame of the industrial truck and the bolster, and a steering transmission between the steering motor and bolster, wherein the steering transmission has a single-stage or multi-stage stepped planetary mechanism or planetary coupler mechanism which is coaxial with the steering axle and the bearing assembly for the bolster is arranged within the steering transmission.

Abstract: A drivetrain for a hybrid electric vehicle having a rear wheel drive configuration and a four wheel drive configuration is disclosed. Certain of the mounting flanges and input/output couplings are replicated between a transmission, a transfer case and an electric drive unit.

Abstract: A drive unit for motor vehicles with hybrid drive and a drive train in a longitudinal arrangement, between the internal combustion engine and the first axle, comprising a housing piece, a through driveshaft, an electric motor, surrounding the through driveshaft with a first clutch before the electric motor and a second clutch thereafter, whereby a second axle is also to be driven with minimal space requirement. A first electric motor is thus physically combined with the first clutch, surrounding a second electric motor and the through driveshaft and is connected to the second axle by means of a third clutch, an offset gear and a shaft.

Abstract: Drive and steering unit for a wheel of a floor conveyor, in which a driving motor and a steering motor are disposed coaxially one below the other and are each one coupled via a drive gear or a steering gear, respectively, with a shaft of the wheel or the bearing equipment of the wheel, respectively, wherein one shaft extends as a hollow shaft and the other shaft extends through the hollow shaft, and an electronic control for the driving motor and the steering motor, which is connected with desired value transmitters for the rotational speed and the steering angle, characterised in that the electronic control has at least one circuit board which is coaxially arranged between the driving motor and the steering motor and/or the steering motor and the steering gear.

Abstract: An electrically powered vehicle, for example a motorcycle. Disclosed is a vehicle (1) having a rider saddle (7) and a vehicle frame (10) having two frame profiles (11) extending up to a steering head (5) spaced away from each other and the vehicle (1) comprising at least one front wheel (3) guided at a front wheel guide (2) of the vehicle frame (10) and at least one rear wheel (17) guided at a rear wheel guide (13) and the vehicle having a electrically operated drive motor (30) as well as an electrical energy storage device (16) and a drive motor controller (41) and that between the drive motor (30) and a driving wheel a drive train is provided and that the energy storage device (16) is mountable between the frame profiles (11) above the drive motor (30) and the energy storage device (16) is releasably defined at a drive unit (28) mounting the drive motor (30).

Abstract: A vehicle has a motor and axles which are selectively rotatable by the motor, a reduction gear set, a differential transferring torque from the motor to the axles, and selectable one-way clutch (SOWC) assemblies. The SOWC assemblies are connected to a different one of the axles, and are engaged to transfer torque to the drive axles whenever the motor is energized. The SOWC assemblies are disengaged when the motor is de-energized to prevent rotation of the rotor and various elements of the reduction gear set and differential. A method minimizes parasitic spin losses in an electric rear drive motor (eRDM) system. The method includes engaging a pair of SOWC assemblies when the motor is on to transfer torque from the motor to the axles, and disengaging the SOWC assemblies when the motor is off to prevent rotation of a rotor and of elements of the reduction gear set and differential.

Abstract: The invention relates to a traction drive for a working machine, in particular an industrial truck, including an electrical converter having a generator (11), which is drive-connected to a combustion engine (12), and a traction motor (1 or 2), which is combined with the generator (11) in spatial terms to form one structural unit. In order to increase the performance of the traction drive whilst having a high degree of efficiency and in order to achieve a simple design, the electrical converter (generator 11, traction motors 1, 2) has, according to the invention, an operating voltage of more than 100 volts, in particular more than 200 volts, and is connected to a cooling liquid cycle.

Abstract: A vehicle has a body and at least two trailing arm suspensions, one proximate each side of the body. Each trailing arm suspension has a swing arm pivotably mounted at one end to the body and a fluid suspension extending between the swing arm and the body. A wheel is rotatably mounted to a free end of each swing arm. A power plant is provided for powering each wheel and a control system is provided for controlling a volume of fluid in each fluid suspension. The vehicle may have a longitudinally extending body with a sliding side door riding along a track configured such that said door has an open position extending transversely of said body. The vehicle may have a monocoque body with at least substantially planar sides and at least one parcel shelf extending along an inside of, and attached to, each of the sides for stiffening the sides and resisting torsion.

Abstract: An in-wheel motor includes a motor generating motive power, a planetary gear arranged toward a wheel disc relative to the motor to reduce an output of the motor, and a shaft arranged toward the wheel disc relative to the planetary gear and connected to a planetary carrier. Shaft is connected to a constant velocity joint transmitting the motive power to wheel disc.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a vehicle engine and a transmission. A first electric motor is driveably connected to the transmission. A second electric motor is driveably connected to the vehicle engine. At least one selectively engagable clutch is located between the engine and the transmission to provide slip. The at least one clutch is engaged after the engine reaches a predetermined speed differential with the transmission.

Abstract: A vehicle power transfer system and method, and vehicle using the same. The vehicle power transfer system including a differential unit coupled to a half axle, and an electric motor for supplying torque to propel a vehicle. The electric motor is collinear with the differential unit and the half axle.

Abstract: A vehicle energy recovery system has an axle, a wheel affixed to the axle so as to rotate with a rotation of the axle, a flywheel assembly mounted in or adjacent to the wheel so as to be rotatable independently of the rotation of the axle, a stator positioned in proximity to the flywheel assembly, a brake disk affixed to the axle and extending radially outwardly therefrom, and an energy transfer system cooperative with the brake disk for transferring energy from the brake disk to the flywheel assembly. A pair of calipers are respectively mounted adjacent opposite sides of the brake disk. The energy transfer system can be an induction stator or rotor positioned adjacent to the brake disk.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein are directed to a controllerless electric drive system, a controllerless hybrid drive system and a method for controlling drive system characteristics based on received drive system inputs. In one instance, a controllerless electric drive system is configured to power one or more powered wheels. The controllerless electric drive system includes a battery, a substantially constant-speed electric motor, an infinitely variable transmission and one or more powered wheels. The battery is coupled to the substantially constant-speed electric motor, and the motor is coupled to the infinitely variable transmission. As such, the battery provides power for the electric motor to drive the infinitely variable transmission which turns the one or more powered wheels, without implementing a controller to vary the current or voltage between the battery and the motor.

Abstract: An output shaft is divided into a first output shaft and a second output shaft. Torque from a motive power distributing planetary gear is transferred to the first output shaft. The first output shaft is supported on partition walls by a both-end support structure via bearings. Assist torque from a transmission is applied to the second output shaft. The second output shaft is also supported on partition walls by a both-end support structure via bearings.

Abstract: A method for the use of hybrid technology to control lean NOx trap (LNT) and particulate filter regenerations using an electric motor wherein for the LNT (a) the electric motor is adapted to absorb torque excursions of the engine during regeneration of the LNT, (b) wherein the electric motor is adapted to add torque to thereby reduce the air required in the engine and to thereby reduce the amount of fuel needed to regenerate the LNT, or (c) both (a) and (b), or wherein for the particulate filter the electric motor is (a) adapted to load the engine to thereby increase the exhaust temperature to thereby facilitate regeneration of the particulate filter, (b) adapted to use a power source for the electric motor to power an electrically powered particulate filter regeneration unit to thereby facilitate regeneration of the particulate filter, or (c) both (a) and (b).

Abstract: A drive unit for a floor trolley, with at least one steered wheel (1), which is attached to a vehicle chassis (3) so that it can swivel about an essentially vertical swivel axis (2), a drive motor (4) with a drive shaft (5) being arranged coaxially with the swivel axis (2). The motor is in driving connection with the at least one wheel (1) via a gear system (10). The drive motor (4) and the gear system (10) are mounted in a common housing (16), consisting essentially of two separate housing portions, namely, a lower and an upper housing (portion 16a, 16b), that can be joined together by a fastening mechanism (18), and is mounted to rotate on the chassis (3) via at least one roller bearing (19). A drive unit is provided that at least one of the two housing portions (16a, 16b) is associated with a drawbar connection (20) formed integrally therewith by way of the housing (16) being swiveled relative to the chassis (3) about the swivel axis (2).

Abstract: An electric vehicle is provided with an electric motor and a transmission capable of being shifted by a shift mechanism from a neutral state to a start-up speed stage selected state in which a speed stage for start-up of the vehicle has been selected. On a request for a shift from the neutral state to the start-up speed stage selected state, an ECU performs the requested shift by controlling the shift mechanism. If the shift to the start-up speed stage selected state is not completed within a first specified time, the ECU performs a rotating position control in which the motor is controlled to produce a predetermined minute torque in forward and backward rotation directions of the motor, alternately, and a gear of the speed stage for start-up is caused to oscillate in a rotation direction by the minute torque being transmitted to an input shaft of the transmission.

Abstract: A dual-clutch transmission for use in a motor vehicle having an engine and a driveline includes an output shaft adapted for connection to the driveline and a planetary gearset in constant driving engagement with the output shaft. An input shaft is driven by the engine. A first constant mesh gearset is in selective driving communication with a first member of the planetary gearset. A second constant mesh gearset is in selective driving communication with a second member of the planetary gearset. A first clutch is operable for establishing a releasable drive connection between the input shaft and the first constant mesh gearset. A second clutch is operable for establishing a releasable drive connection between the input shaft and the second constant mesh gearset. A motor is selectively drivingly coupled to a third member of the planetary gearset.

Abstract: A rear axle assembly for a vehicle having an engine and a rear wheel including an axle configured to couple to the rear wheel, a compensator bowl coupled to the axle and having a ring gear, and a drive member coupled to the compensator bowl. The drive member is configured to be driven by the engine to rotate the axle in a forward direction. The rear axle assembly also includes a motor selectively engageable with the ring gear. The motor is operable to drive the ring gear to rotate the axle in a reverse direction.

Abstract: A hybrid motorbike is provided which is powered by human muscle power on pedals and supplemented by an electric motor with the current generated by a fuel cell on the motorbike. The motorbike has a crown gear driven by muscle power, and a planetary-gear carrier with planetary gears transmitting power from a pulley connected to the motor by a belt to the ring gear of a bell attached to the crown gear which is attached to the drive wheel of the bike. The fuel cell and a battery and controls may be contained in an exchangeable module in the triangular space formed in the frame of the bike between the front wheel and seat. The bike has sensors to determine the speed and load placed on the pedals which is transmitted to a microprocessor programmed to control the electric motor according to the load on the pedals and the speed to provide the desired assistance to bike.

Abstract: A driving gear of a vehicle comprising a motor generator (MG2), a power control unit (21) for controlling the motor generator (MG2), and a case for containing the motor generator (MG2) and the power control unit (21). The power control unit (21) comprises a first inverter for driving the motor generator (MG2), and a voltage converter for applying power supply voltage to the first inverter after stepping it up. The voltage converter includes a reactor (L1). Heat of the reactor (L1) is dissipated using lubricant touching the reactor (L1) and the case as heat transfer agent. A circulation path of lubricant is formed in the case and the reactor is arranged on the circulation path.

Abstract: A power combining apparatus for a hybrid electric vehicle comprises a planetary gear set comprising a sun gear, a ring gear connected to an output shaft, a plurality of planet gears, and a carrier assembly rotatably supporting the plurality of planet gears journaled with the sun and ring gears. A torque transmitting arrangement is coupled to the sun gear and to the shaft of the variable power source for influencing rotation of the sun gear according to the rotation of the variable power supply shaft for causing rotation of the sun gear, thereby influencing rotation of the ring gear and the output shaft. The carrier assembly of the planetary gear arrangement is selectively connectable to the constant power source for selectively influencing rotation of the carrier assembly of the planetary gears and the ring gear, to thereby influence rotation of the output shaft.