Abstract: A sound-producing device includes an acoustical generator associated with a rigid acoustical waveguide. The waveguide has a first section aligned with the exit and a second section aligned with the entry and the two sections are connected by a curved reflecting surface having the shape of part of a conic section surface.

Abstract: A loudspeaker is disclosed in which a cone driver operates into one end of an acoustic channel having acoustically closed sides and an acoustically open front. A longitudinally extended member is mounted directly in front of, and in alignment with, the driver, so as to restrict the free space within the channel. The rear of the longitudinally extending member effectively extends within the voice coil former, such that the volume defined between the rear of the longitudinally extending member and the loudspeaker is an annulus. The profile of the longitudinally extending member differs in its vertical and horizontal planes so as to provide a lower acoustic impedance in one plane than in the other.

Abstract: The invention relates to a horn loudspeaker system. The horn loudspeaker system includes a pair of vertically displaced horns with cross-fired aiming angles. A common throat section couples the horns to a driver. A substantially asymmetrical baffling is incorporated into the loudspeaker system to further improve the acoustic performance. One advantage of the unique horn loudspeaker system is that it provides a wide horizontal directivity response. Another advantage is that it provides a narrow vertical directivity response.

Abstract: A sound-producing device includes an acoustical generator associated with a rigid acoustical waveguide. The waveguide has a first section aligned with the exit and a second section aligned with the entry and the two sections are connected by a curved reflecting surface having the shape of part of a conic section surface.

Abstract: The invention presents a design of optimum edges for antennas of loudspeakers, microphones, hydro-speakers, hydro-phones, brass and wind instruments, and ultrasonic transducers. These edges have a serrated-roll shape, and enhance the acoustical field strength uniformity. Loudspeakers, hydro-speakers, and ultrasonic transducers will become more effective in radiating acoustical power. The quality of these apparatuses are enriched. The musical tone emitted by loudspeakers, brass and wind instruments becomes more smooth, mellow, rich, clean, and elegant.

Abstract: A loudspeaker horn, loudspeaker and a loudspeaker system wherein at least one loudspeaker includes a horn composed of a wave guide, a plurality of throats acoustically coupled to a single wave guide at their mouths and to respective drivers of a plurality of drivers at their inlets. The axis of the throats form an arc in the plane of the long axis of the wave guide to optimize energy distribution in this plane.

Abstract: An acoustic horn transducer with a conic type diffuser has an exponential profile. The diffuser is formed from wood and has an axial length less than its maximum outer diameter.

Abstract: A loudspeaker horn has straight wall section and a curved wall section. The straight wall section has diverging walls defining a coverage angle and the curved wall portion is connected to the straight wall portion at a point tangent thereto, and has a proximal end disposed perpendicular to the plane of the throat entrance. At least one coverage angle in orthogonal planes has a common apex in the plane of the throat entrance and along the horn axis.

Abstract: The present invention is a waveguide for an acoustic speaker having a predetermined cone weight. The waveguide body has a speaker end and an open end and an even number of segments with a flat surface in a plane parallel to the speaker end. The segments have inside wall surfaces which flare increasingly outwardly from the speaker, and these inside wall surfaces have a speaker end length, L.sub.1, determined by the following formulas, L.sub.1 minimum=0.7.times.w.sub.s /0.0012 g/cm.sup.3 .times.1/A.sub.SE, and L.sub.1 maximum=1.2.times.w.sub.s /0.0012 g/cm.sup.3 .times.1/A.sub.SE, wherein L.sub.1 is a straight line length of the lower portion of the segment wall surface, w.sub.s is the weight of a speaker cone in grams/cm.sup.3, and A.sub.SE is the cross-sectional area of the speaker end in square centimeters. Each of the segment inside wall surfaces has an outer end length L.sub.2 which has a predetermined length related to L.sub.1.

Abstract: A loudspeaker horn for use with an acoustical driver has a rectangular throat opening with a long dimension relative to the wavelength of the sound pressure waves generated within the high frequency range of the horn. A relatively short pre-load chamber corrects the phase of the sound pressure waves over the long dimension of the throat opening. The pre-load chamber provides control over the directivity of the horn and provides a uniform frequency response with minimal distortion.

Abstract: A generator for spherical ultrasonic waves can replace a point source transducer and has a large-area transducer whose output ultrasonic waves are condensed in a funnel and fed to a monomodal waveguide, e.g. a tube at the output end of which phase-correct perfectly spherical waves are emitted.

Abstract: An improved method and an apparatus uniformly transmit sounds over large angles of coverage. An acoustic source is attached to a loudspeaker horn with two straight outer side walls and two straight upper and lower outer walls, the projected extensions of which converge at an intersection point behind the acoustic source. The loudspeaker horn also has two inner side walls, and upper and lower inner walls which curve inwardly to the point of attachment with the acoustic source. The sound waves emanating from the loudspeaker horn have an apparent point of origin at the intersection point behind the acoustic source. A plurality of such loudspeaker horns and acoustic sources are positioned in a radial array so that all of the apparent points of origin of the loudspeakers are substantially coincident, creating a coherent signal without interference from overlapping sound waves produced by adjacent loudspeakers.

Abstract: An acoustical assembly and methodology for mounting audio speakers 28 in automotive vehicles an acoustical speaker (28) for generating sound waves including a pair of acoustical horns for directing sound in opposite directions from speakers (28) disposed at the center of the roof (12) toward the adjacent edge of the roof (12). The horns define a box-like central section (32) which is generally square in cross section and enclosing the the speakers (28). A tapered section (34) decreases in thickness from the central section (32) laterally in opposite directions to a rectangular cross section. A rectangular exit opening (38) faces generally transversely to the tapered section (34) and an exit section (36) interconnects the tapered section (34) and the exit opening (38) and the exit section (36) extends through a bend to direct the sound from the lateral direction of the tapered section (34) through the bend to a direction transversely to the tapered section (34) and generally at the window.

Abstract: A megaphone includes a pair of hollow bodies which are assembled at a connecting portion to open and close freely, wherein a tuning part is formed by denting the center of a flat part of each hemiconical main part to provide a level face around the tuning part.

Abstract: A seat having an acoustic waveguide for conveying sound from a remotely mounted loudspeaker to a location in close proximity to an occupant's ears is disclosed. The seat comprises a horizontal seating member upon which an occupant may sit and a loudspeaker located under the seating member for generating sound to be conveyed to the occupant's ears. A back rest member extends upwardly from the seating member and comprises an acoustic waveguide coupled to the loudspeaker for conveying sound to the occupant. The waveguide terminates at an upper location such that a virtual sound source is located in close proximity to the occupant's ears. In its present form, the seat has special application in the amusement ride industry where the conveyance of intelligible sound to occupants may be difficult in view of the noisy environment in which such amusement rides tend to operate. Multiple loudspeakers in combination with specially shaped waveguides may be employed to convey stereo sound to multiple occupants.

Abstract: A speaker horn including a first and a second pair of side walls. The first pair of side walls has a first section and a second section between first and second ends, and the second pair of side walls has a third section and a fourth section between third and fourth ends. The first pair of side walls has, in a first plane including the central axis of the horn and perpendicular to the side walls of the first pair, a shape defined by the following equation:y=a+b.multidot.e.sup.cxwhere a, b and c are constants and have values different in said first and said second sections, and the second pair of side walls is, in a second plane including the central axis of the horn and perpendicular to the side walls of the second pair, linear in the third section and an arc in the fourth section.

Abstract: A horn loudspeaker has an opening formed in a wall of a horn, and a tubular duct is provided along the horn and communicated with the opening. The length L of the duct is expressed as, L.perspectiveto.c/4fr-0.4d where c is a velocity of sound, fr is a frequency a sound pressure of which is to be reduced, and d is an inner diameter of the duct.

Abstract: This invention relates to a loudspeaker having at least one sound collecting tubes attached to the rear of the speaker frame or the sound collecting tubes forming the speaker frame for collecting and directing sound waves emitted from the rear of the speaker diaphragm. The sound collecting tube is particularly useful for directing and boosting sound waves emitted from the rear of the speaker which is otherwise dissipated or absorbed by the loudspeaker housing material or insulation. In addition, conventional or specialized sound horns may be readily attached to the outlet end of the sound collecting tubes which can direct sound waves emitted by the speaker to any desired direction.

Abstract: Coiled exponential bass/midrange/high frequency horn loudspeakers which are characterized by a rigid cabinet of selected size having a sealed air chamber in the base thereof for receiving a low frequency speaker, or driver, a coiled or convoluted, exponentially flared sound passage extending from the air chamber to the top of the cabinet and a high frequency horn mounted in the cabinet near the open top to extend the audio range of the loudspeaker system, which high frequency horn is attached to a corresponding high frequency driver by means of a time adjustable acoustic delay line. The combination of a high frequency acoustically delayed horn and a low frequency driver separated by a continuously exponentially expanding or flared, coiled or convoluted, multi-tapered sound passage chamber, enables the sound waves from both horns to exit the cabinet at substantially the same time.

Abstract: A wave guide fitted at the output of a loudspeaker, in front of the membrane or in front of the orifice of a compression chamber, along the axis of the transducer being considered, and comprising a conduit which expands from its input to its output. The area of the output orifice of the wave guide is planar and oblong, that its conduit comprises a passage between the input orifice and the output area, adapted to guide the waves along a general direction from which the shortest paths allowed in the one or more passages are all of lengths which are practically identical from the input orifice to the output orifice of the conduit. The invention is for use in providing sound to large areas.

Abstract: A megaphone apparatus includes an elongate conical conduit directed into an outwardly flaring forward body portion. The conduit includes an entrance opening, with the flaring body including a plurality of exit openings defined by a central outlet conduit coaxially aligned with the inlet conduit, with a plurality of right and left branch conduits extending laterally to each side of the central conduit aligned in a single plane along a common diameter of the various conduits. A modification of the invention includes various residence modulating caps selectively positionable over the conduits to include a flexible web, with at least one slit directed diametrically therethrough, and including a plurality of pockets arranged in a spaced relationship relative to the slit to include a flexible rod selectively positioned within each pocket as desired for varying modulation of the flexible web of each cap in use.

Abstract: A loudspeaker for projecting sound over a listening area having a driver and a horn in which the horn has a coupling portion communicating at an interface with an outwardly flaring portion, the horn forming an elongated slot at the interface and being provided with means for controlling the sound energy along the axis of elongation of the slot, namely a slot which is narrower at one end and flares outwardly to the other end, or a plurality of transverse veins dividing the slot and sound channel.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay according to the present invention is applicable, for example, to a flasher relay to be mounted in automobiles, autobicycles or the like. When a driver of the automobile turns on the switch for the winker, the winker lamp is turned on and off and at the same time, a sound is generated to inform the driver of the fact that the winker lamp is being operated.

Abstract: A loudspeaker system which comprises a loudspeaker unit for radiating a first sound, a horn unit having a throat coupled to the back of the loudspeaker for radiating a second sound, and an acoustic filter provided in the horn for causing an acoustic impedance of the horn unit to be discontinuous. When the minimum frequency of cyclic dales of the sound pressure observed in the characteristic curves of a sound pressure of a composite of the first and second sounds as a result of a phase delay brought about by the length of the horn unit is expressed by fd, a primary harmonic resonance can be produced between the loudspeaker unit and the acoustic filter which is similar to that produced by a straight acoustic tube having its opposite ends closed, thereby to render the frequency of the primary resonance to be generally equal to the frequency fd.

Abstract: A siren having one or more stacked speakers, each speaker having a substantially circular lower horn member having an upwardly facing surface including a substantially convex annular portion and a substantially concave central cavity portion. A substantially circular upper horn member having a downwardly facing surface including a substantially convex annular outer portion and a central opening, is spaced above the lower horn member, thereby defining an annular, radially outwardly diverging sound director between the upper and lower horn members. A diffuser horn is coupled to a central opening in the upper horn member and projects downwardly into the cavity portion of the lower horn member. A siren driver is mounted in the upper horn member adjacent to the central opening for projecting a sound wave through the diffuser horn into the cavity, where the sound wave is reflected upwardly out of the cavity into the sound director, through which the sound is projected horizontally in a 360.degree. pattern.

Abstract: A housing adapted for receiving a sonic transducer capable of projecting and receiving a sonic pattern having a primary lobe and a secondary lobe. The housing has an end wall for receiving the sonic transducer and a restrictive wall for intercepting the secondary lobe of the sonic pattern in one quadrant and reflecting that portion of the secondary lobe into the opposite quadrant. A pair of side walls substantially intercept and reflect the secondary lobe in quadrants adjacent the one quardant to provide more uniform sonic pattern. The side walls may be disposed at an angle outward from the direction of projection of the primary lobe having a value of from 0.2 to 0.3 of the value of the angle the secondary lobe makes with the primary lobe.

Abstract: An omnidirectional sound emitter with separate sound sources (1, 2), each comprising a funnel-shaped horn (4), is characterized in that the sound sources (1, 2) are mutually arranged such that the acoustic main axes (6) of the horns (4) lie in essentially one and the same plane (7) and the sound-emitting open ends (8) of the horns are directed towards the central portion of the sound emitter and located at a distance (B.sub.S ; B.sub.D) from one another. Slot-shaped openings (9) are so arranged between the open ends (8) of adjacent horns (4) that sound emitted by the horns is caused to pass in a direction from the sound emitter through the slot-shaped openings (9), thereby to be dispersed through 360.degree. in the said plane (7) such that the sound representation from the sound emitter corresponds to the sound representation from a line source perpendicular to said plane (7).

Abstract: An improved sound reinforcement enclosure is disclosed which incorporates a cone-type loudspeaker operating into a generally cylindrical channel extending from the perimeter of the cone to free air. A central member is coaxially mounted within this channel, the central member having rear surfaces substantially parallel to the surface of the cone and external surfaces which, with the internal surfaces of the channel form an annular region, the central member also having at least one coaxial internal passage forming a concentric horn flare. Methods of coaxially mounting a high-frequency compression driver behind the magnet assembly of the loudpseaker and of mounting a second loudspeaker internally in an enclosure are also disclosed.

Abstract: A high-frequency constant-directivity horn including a relatively large throat driver and a relatively large throat for receiving sound from the driver, further includes a pair of vanes mounted wholly within the throat, respectively above and below the longitudinal axis in a vertical plane, for effectively dividing the throat into three smaller "pseudo horns" for directing and shaping sound waves from the transducer up to the point of termination of the vanes, beyond which the individual wavefronts mix within and fill a slot in a middle section of the horn, forming a coherent wavefront for passage into a front section of the horn and transmission therefrom, substantially free from wave interference and beaming effects.

Abstract: Opposed side walls of a loudspeaker horn are constructed to direct portions of a sound beam toward a target over different preselected included angles, producing an incident beam which is substantially coextensive with the target. The side walls preferably extend downstream at the preselected angles over a distance at least comparable to a maximum wavelength at which the horn is to be used.

Abstract: A sectoral horn type loudspeaker includes a throat section and a sectoral part where the width of the horn at the connection therebetween is less than the wavelength of the upper limit frequency. In order to make the sound pressure characteristic flat throughout the frequency range, the directivity angle is changed for frequency bands in correspondence to the horn driver energy conversion characteristic. In particular, the side walls of the horn are bent polygonally at at least one point to increase the opening angle stepwise.

Abstract: A horn speaker capable of forming a uniform sound field of a high fidelity and uniform tone quality and clearness, regardless of the position of listeners, suitable for use in broadcastings in a hall, station yard, playground and so forth. The horn speaker has a horn defined by four wall surface each of which is given by the equation of:a=a.sub.o (l+.alpha.x).sup.nwhere, a.sub.o represents the size of the throat, a represents the size of cross-section at a distance x from the throat and .alpha. represents the divergence coefficient. The n takes a value n.sub.1 (n.sub.1 .gtoreq.2) at the open end side of the horn and a different value n.sub.2 (n.sub.2 .gtoreq.n.sub.1) at the throat side. In addition, the tangential angle at the open end of the horn is selected to fall between 1.5.theta. and 2.0.theta., where .theta. represents a half of the directivity angle which is an angle causing a 6 dB drop of the sound pressure from the sound pressure on the axis of the polar directivity characteristics.

Abstract: The structure comprises a heat insulating panel maintained between an inner metal revetment and an outer metal revetment. The revetments are provided with ribs which project into the panel and the ribs of the two revetments are perpendicular to one another. A thin core of insulating material is applied against one of the revetments by a thin and solid metal sheet.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for making horn loudspeakers, of the sectorial diffusion type, characterized by the transformation, in order to operate under predetermined sectorial diffusion conditions, of a horn loudspeaker, predisposed for circular diffusion, comprising a horn provided with opposite walls the distances whereof increase according to a given law, from the axis of the horn on which the electroacoustic transducer is located, the transformation being carried out by neutralizing the space included between the walls and about the compression chamber associated with the transducer, and in the directions in which the diffusion is not desired, by using a substantially fibrous material and effective to absorb or deaden the acoustic energy or power.

Abstract: A loudspeaker horn which provides constant coverage angles in both the horizontal and vertical planes and affords proper driver loading and a smooth impedance curve down to the lowest frequencies of operation. The throat entrance of the horn is round, to match the driver exit hole, and the throat section expands exponentially, with substantially straight and divergent top and bottom walls and curved side walls. The throat section joins to a transition section in which the side walls expand outward at a more rapid rate and a central vane is introduced top to bottom that both maintains an exponential flare rate and divides the transition section into two vertical slits. The length and width of the transition section are determined by the upper limits of the frequency range and the horizontal coverage angle. The transition section joins to the wave guide section which has a substantially planar side walls forming a conical expansion wave guide with side angle equal to the coverage angles of the horn.

Abstract: A loudspeaker horn is described, which produces good coupling of sound to the atmosphere, while avoiding perturbations in magnitude and phase that would produce large narrow-frequency losses or transient distortions. The horn includes a major sound-reflective portion of typical horn shape, and also includes a buffer extending around the large end of the horn. The buffer has a sound absorption coefficient about halfway between the almost zero absorption coefficient of the major portion of the boundary walls of the horn and the 100% absorption coefficient of the ambient atmosphere, to couple sound to the atmosphere more efficiently, and with an efficiency that is relatively constant with frequency. A horn of largely rectangular cross-section, has corner regions covered with highly sound absorbing material, to minimize transient distortions such as "ringing".

Abstract: A loudspeaker and horn combination having desirable sound clarity characteristics and having a desirable per unit of electric power input to per unit of sound output ratio can be constructed using a horn body of one or more parts of a rigid, closed cell polyurethane foam material having a smooth exterior skin or surface shaped so as to include an internal horn cavity. A speaker is located so that its diaphragm extends across an entrance end of the cavity. The cavity is shaped in a bilaterally symmetrical manner so as to include a sound chamber region adjacent to and leading from the speaker diaphragm, this sound chamber region having a restricted throat located intermediate its ends and having a continuous curvature between its ends, a flare region diverging outwardly from the end of the sound cavity region remote from the speaker and a transitional region located generally between the flare and sound cavity regions so as to connect the adjacent surfaces of these regions.

Abstract: A loudspeaker having uniform horizontal sound dispersion characteristics in a design angle and minimal sound dispersion vertically comprises multiple sound energy sources forming an elongated line source of sound energy, and a waveguide having an elongated input portion coextensive with the elongated line source and substantially planar side walls defining an expanding cross-section from the input portion to an exit aperture, whereby sound dispersion in a direction parallel to the line source is minimized. The waveguide expands substantially only in a direction perpendicular to the line source, the rectangular input portion having substantially the same dimension as the exit aperture measured in the direction parallel to the line source.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is an exponential horn for use in a horn-type loudspeaker, of which the mouth is in the form of an ellipse and the longitudinal cross-section of the horn intersected in the direction of the semi-major axis of the ellipse shaped mouth describes a V-shape of a larger included angle.

Abstract: A loudspeaker horn having improving directivity has a pair of smoothly flared vertical sidewalls joined to a pair of smoothly flared horizontal sidewalls. In an exemplary embodiment, one pair of sidewalls is generated as a surface of revolution, with the curvature of the surface being defined by a power series formula. The contour of the remaining pair of sidewalls is also defined by the power series formula, although different constants may be used. The vertical and horizontal sidewalls are separately defined and are substantially congruent at the rectangular or square mouth. In the exemplary embodiment, the gap formed at the back of one of the pairs of sidewalls is connected to the throat formed at the back of the other pair of sidewalls by a connecting section having an arcuate area which monotonically increases from the throat to the gap.

Abstract: An electroacoustic transducer which includes a vibratile diaphragm operating at resonance has its narrow band width response characteristic increased by an order of magnitude by the use of a uniquely designed acoustic coupler in combination with the resonant diaphragm. The acoustic resistane presented to the resonant diaphragm by the acoustic coupler dominates the motional impedance characteristic of the transducer in the resonant frequency region of the vibratile diaphragm. The use of the inventive acoustic coupler reduces the Q of the vibrating system from a value in the order of 30 or more to the order of 8 or less.

Abstract: A loudspeaker horn has a throat section with a rectangular cross section to which the driver unit is coupled. The throat section has substantially parallel side walls joined together by diverging top and bottom walls. The horn has a rectangular mouth which is formed by a bell section which runs between the throat section and the mouth with an angular divergence corresponding to the desired horn dispersion pattern. If the mouth is made square, equal horizontal and vertical low frequency directivity roll off can be provided. On the other hand, with the speaker of the present invention, various relative horizontal and vertical directivity control can be obtained with different aspect ratios for the mouth. The walls of the bell section may be additionally flared outwardly at a portion thereof near the mouth to provide improved midrange directivity control. The use of planar sides between the throat section and the mouth also makes for an improved directivity pattern.

Abstract: An acoustical horn suitable for use in conjunction with an acoustical driver to form a loudspeaker has a first section between its throat and a predetermined point therealong which has a first exponential flare rate, and a second section between the predetermined point and the mouth which has a second flare rate. The flare rates are chosen to afford improved frequency response over a single section exponential horn with the same length, mouth area and throat area.

Abstract: An exponential horn for use in a speaker is provided and includes a horn having a mouth, a throat and horn wall sections connecting the horn mouth and the horn throat. The horn wall sections define a horn whose cross sectional area progressively increases at a selected rate from a value S.sub.o at the horn throat substantially in accordance with the function S(z)=S.sub.o e.sup.mz. S(z) is the cross sectional area measured at any distance z from the horn throat, m is the flare constant defined as 4.pi.f.sub.c /c, where f.sub.c is the cutoff frequency of the horn and is from about 300 Hz to about 500 Hz. The horn mouth is rectangular in shape and has a perimeter substantially equal to one wavelength of the cutoff frequency of the horn. The distance between the horn throat and the horn mouth is from about 10 inches to about 17 inches.

Abstract: An acoustical panel formed of a core of sound-attenuating material having a front and a back surface. The edges of the core are resin-hardened for rigidification. The core is covered by a fabric stretched over its front surface adhered to the hardened edges and to the back surface. A board cover is fixed on the back surface over the core and the ends of the fabric.In other versions of the invention, the core is reinforced by having its edges encased in a frame to which it is secured by the resin. The fabric is stretched over the frame and core thereby forming an air gap between the fabric and the core which improves the acoustical efficiency of the panel and masks the outline of the frame. High-impact-resistant channel members of different shapes constitute the frame.

Abstract: A horn loudspeaker construction wherein an integrated sound chamber and horn assembly is provided by two uniquely configured members that form a highly efficient horn loudspeaker capable of being utilized within a four-inch type electrical box. The horn loudspeaker includes a sound chamber for receiving a magnetic loudspeaker driving assembly and diaphragm. The sound chamber also includes a sound opening having a predetermined acoustic orientation. A first horn stage has a first opening acoustically coupled to the sound opening and is characterized by a flare rate that expands as the first horn stage extends away from the sound opening. The first stage includes an acoustical orientation at the output end that is at least 90.degree. disposed from the acoustical orientation of the sound opening.

Abstract: A horn speaker comprising a diaphragm positioned close to a throat and side walls forming sound passages for radiating the vibrations of the diaphragm effectively as sound waves from the mouth of the speaker.

Abstract: A horn speaker comprising a diaphragm positioned close to a throat and side walls forming sound passages for radiating the vibrations of the diaphragm effectively as sound waves from the mouth of the speaker.

Abstract: A horn speaker comprising a diaphragm positioned close to a throat and side walls forming sound passages for radiating the vibrations of the diaphragm effectively as sound waves from the mouth of the speaker.

Abstract: In a moving-coil type loudspeaker, a tubular member of a length longer than the wave-length of any one of the frequencies in a desired frequency range and having a constant cross-sectional area along its length, is coupled, at one end thereof, with one side of a vibrating plate or diaphragm through an acoustic transformer constituted by a cavity formed therebetween, whereby the loudspeaker is capable of reproducing sounds with high fidelity particularly in extremely low frequency ranges.