Abstract: The invention relates to an air cleaner housing for a vehicle, comprising an outer and an inner circumferential wall, and a space therebetween adapted to house at least one filter element for filtering air, wherein the inner circumferential wall is provided with openings to allow filtered air to pass radially inwardly through the inner circumferential wall. The air cleaner housing comprises a first end and an open second end for fluidly connecting the air cleaner housing to a turbo, the open second end being located opposite the first end. The air cleaner housing comprises a resonator, wherein the entire resonator is encircled by the inner circumferential wall such that air entering through the inner circumferential wall passes on the outside of the resonator to and through the open second end.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a linear compressor and a refrigerator including the same. A linear compressor according to the spirit of the present disclosure includes a shell, a cylinder, a piston and a muffler. And the muffler includes a plurality of flow tubes extending in a flow direction of the refrigerant, and a plurality of through-holes passing through at least one of the plurality of flow tubes.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler for an APU of an aircraft, including an exhaust gases inlet, an exhaust gases outlet, a peripheral wall configured to guide a flow of exhaust gases between the inlet and the outlet. The peripheral wall includes at least one vacuum chamber to provide thermal insulation.

Abstract: A reciprocating compressor includes a cylinder that defines a compressing space and a discharge muffler configured to receive refrigerant compressed in the cylinder and to discharge the refrigerant. The discharge muffler includes a discharge muffler body and a discharge guide supported by the discharge muffler body. The discharge muffler body defines a discharge space configured to receive the refrigerant from the cylinder and includes a wall protruding from an inner circumferential surface of the discharge muffler body. The discharge guide is coupled to the wall and includes a pipe that defines a pipe inflow hole configured to receive the refrigerant from the discharge space and a pipe outflow hole configured to discharge the refrigerant. The discharge guide further includes a fixing bracket that couples the pipe to the discharge muffler body.

Abstract: A vehicle exhaust system and method of minimizing a leaked mass flow comprising an exhaust component defining a central axis and having an inner surface and an outer surface, such that the inner surface defines a primary exhaust gas flow path extending along the central axis from an inlet to an outlet, and a surface component having a hood spaced from the exhaust component to define a reservoir having a reservoir volume (V), the reservoir comprising a reservoir inlet fluidly coupled to the primary exhaust gas flow path and defining an inlet area (A), and a reservoir outlet fluidly coupled to an outside environment. The reservoir volume and inlet area having a defined relationship. The reservoir volume and a mass flow through the inlet area having a defined relationship.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing flow noise of an air intake system of a vehicle is provided as an assembly of a body member and a cover member. An acoustic metamaterial unit includes a chamber having a predetermined size, an inlet flow path, and an outlet flow path provided therein and is connected to a pipe of an air intake system. The apparatus advantageously reduces or removes high-frequency flow noise occurring in a turbocharger by using the acoustic metamaterial unit. The size and shape of the acoustic metamaterial unit is standardized such that the acoustic metamaterial unit is used compatibly regardless of the type of vehicles, which can make it possible to advantageously reduce costs and improve salability.

Abstract: A pressure reduction system and methods therefore that include features for reducing the pressure of a high pressure aerosol to ambient pressure without significantly changing the characteristics of the aerosol are provided. In this manner, the non-volatile particulate matter concentration in a sample stream obtained from the aerosol stream at ambient pressure is representative of the non-volatile particulate matter concentration that was present in the aerosol stream at high pressure prior to the pressure reduction.

Abstract: A decomposition chamber for an aftertreatment system includes: a body including: an inlet configured to receive exhaust gas; an outlet configured to expel the exhaust gas, a thermal management chamber in fluid communication with the inlet, the thermal management chamber configured to receive a first portion of the exhaust gas from the inlet, and a main flow chamber in fluid communication with the inlet, the main flow chamber configured to receive a second portion of the exhaust gas from the inlet and to receive the first portion of the exhaust gas from the thermal management chamber; and a diffuser positioned within the main flow chamber, the diffuser including: a diffuser inlet portion including a plurality of diffuser perforations, the diffuser inlet portion configured to receive the exhaust gas from the main flow chamber, and a diffuser flange portion configured to receive the exhaust gas from the diffuser inlet portion and provide the exhaust gas to the outlet.

Abstract: A device for the aftertreatment of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, having at least one catalytic converter, through which exhaust gas can flow, and at least one muffler formed by a closed volume and through which exhaust gas can flow along an inflow section to an outflow section. The catalytic converter is formed by a honeycomb body that has a plurality of flow channels through which exhaust gas can flow. The honeycomb body is accommodated in a casing tube, which surrounds the honeycomb body, and is connected to the casing tube in a materially bonded manner. The catalytic converter is arranged in the interior of the muffler.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to gas abatement apparatus and effluent management. The apparatus described herein include a high pressure process chamber and a containment chamber surrounding the process chamber. A high pressure fluid delivery module is in fluid communication with the high pressure process chamber and is configured to deliver a high pressure fluid to the process chamber. An effluent management module includes a muffler assembly to effluent pressure reduction and a plurality of scrubbers provide for treatment of effluent.

Abstract: A linear compressor is provided. The linear compressor may include a cylinder that defines a compression space, a piston having a plurality of suction holes through which a refrigerant is introduced into the compression space, and a muffler connected to the piston and through which the refrigerant supplied to the piston flows. The muffler may include a seat seated on one side of the piston, and a protrusion arranged inside the piston. The protrusion may include plurality of flow pipes that extends from the seat to an inside of the piston to guide the refrigerant to the plurality of suction holes and a resonator arranged at one side of the plurality of flow pipes and having a resonance space therein.

Abstract: A pressure reduction system and methods therefore that include features for reducing the pressure of a high pressure aerosol to ambient pressure without significantly changing the characteristics of the aerosol are provided. In this manner, the non-volatile particulate matter concentration in a sample stream obtained from the aerosol stream at ambient pressure is representative of the non-volatile particulate matter concentration that was present in the aerosol stream at high pressure prior to the pressure reduction.

Abstract: A heat pump device includes a compressor, a motor, a shell, a muffler, a heat exchanger, a housing, a blower, a first insulating material, and a second insulating material. The compressor compresses refrigerant. The motor drives the compressor. The shell houses the motor and the compressor. The compressor is connected to the muffler, which is further connected to heat exchanger. The housing has first and second spaces. The shell, the heat exchanger, and the muffler are disposed in the first space. The blower is disposed in the second space. The muffler is entirely located within a space between the shell and the first heat exchanger. The first insulating material at least partially cover the discharge muffler and the first heat exchanger. The second insulating material at least partially cover the shell. The first insulating material has a higher thermal resistance than the second insulating material.

Abstract: A heat pump device includes a compression mechanism for compressing refrigerant, a motor for driving the compression mechanism, a shell housing the compression mechanism and the motor, a discharge muffler located outside the shell, a first pipe connecting the compression mechanism to the discharge muffler, and a thermal insulator (a first thermal insulating material and a second thermal insulating material). The shell and the discharge muffler are spatially located next to each other without being in contact with each other. The thermal insulator is at least partially located in a space where a distance between an outer surface of the shell and an outer surface of the discharge muffler is minimum.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vehicle silencer (1) for a charge air line of an internal combustion engine having a turbocharger (7), comprising: at least a first housing part (2) and a second housing part (3), wherein the housing parts (2, 3) are coupled to each other in a connection region (4) and form an outer casing (13) of the vehicle silencer (1); a resonator inner element (14), which is retained in at least one of the housing parts (2, 3), wherein at least a first (10) and a second resonator chamber (11) are formed by the two housing parts (2, 3) and the resonator inner element (14). The resonator inner element (14) has at least a first external retaining segment (50) in the region of an outer periphery (44) of the resonator inner element (14). A retaining groove (30) is formed in the first end wall (16) and/or in the second end wall (28), in which retaining grove the retaining segment (50) is accommodated.

Abstract: A fluid-conduit collector (20, 20.x, 20a, 20b) spans across a plurality of collector-inlet interface structures (24, 24.1, 24.2, 24.3, 24?, 24?) and at least one fluidic diode element (26, 26.1, 26.2, 26.3, 26?, 26?). A branch inlet portion (20??, 20.1??, 20.2??, 20.3??) of at least one collector-inlet interface structure (24, 24.1, 24.2, 24.3, 24?, 24?), in fluid communication with a corresponding fluid-conduit runner portion (14, 14.x), provides for receiving fluid from a source of fluid (12). A main inlet portion (20.x?) of the collector-inlet interface structure in fluid communication with an outlet portion (20.x?) thereof defines a portion of the fluid conduit of the collector (20, 20.x, 20a, 20b). The branch inlet portion (20??, 20.1??, 20.2??, 20.3??) is in fluid communication with the outlet portion (20.x?) via a collector inlet port (56?, 106) that is at least partially bounded by a relatively-sharp-edged junction (60) with the fluid conduit of the collector (20, 20.x, 20a, 20b).

Abstract: A component (6) of an exhaust system (1) for an internal combustion engine (3), of a motor vehicle, has a housing including a shell (12), two end bottoms (13, 14) and an intermediate bottom (15, 16). The shell (12) encloses an interior space (18) of the housing (11) in a circumferential direction (19). The two end bottoms (13, 14) delimit the interior space (18) in an axial direction (17) at opposite ends and are fixed to the shell (12). The intermediate bottom (15) is arranged in the interior space (18) axially between the end bottoms (13, 14) and is radially supported on the shell (12). A holding pipe (22), for connection of the component (6) to a system periphery (9), is radially held on the intermediate bottom (15) in the interior space (18), passes through one end bottom (13), is fastened thereon and is closed off in a gas-tight manner.

Abstract: A sealed compressor includes a centrifugal impeller above a rotor to synchronously rotate. A refrigerant rises through a rotor air hole, flows in an upper space, and flows out from a discharge pipe. The centrifugal impeller includes an oil separation plate on the rotor, and plural vanes standing on the oil separation plate, and forms inter-vane flow passages between adjacent vanes, and a vane inner flow passage that guides refrigerant from the rotor air hole to inner entrances of the inter-vane flow passages. Outer exits of the inter-vane flow passages are disposed along an entire circumference, and refrigerant increased in pressure while passing through the inter-vane flow passages flows out from the outer exits to the upper space. The oil separation plate closes a short-circuit passage through which the refrigerant directly flows from the vane inner flow passages to the discharge pipe without passing through the inter-vane flow passages.

Abstract: An acoustic damper includes a neck and a damping volume. The neck has a mouth being in fluid connection with a chamber. The chamber is limited by an inner surface of at least one wall. The acoustic damper device includes a recess located between the mouth of the neck and the inner surface of the wall.

Abstract: An induction passage noise attenuator and a system are provided. The induction passage noise attenuator may include a series of surfaces arranged within an enclosure upstream from a clean side air duct on an induction inlet for an internal combustion engine. Each surface of the series of surfaces may have a diametric extent being substantially in line with an inner diameter of the clean side air duct.

Abstract: Exhaust apparatus for four cycle (including Wankel) internal combustion engines is disclosed. The apparatus is configured to manage pressure waves created by expanding gas emitted from the engine combustion chambers, the net result being to enhance engine performance and attenuate noise over a wide range of engine RPMs.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler with a tail pipe for suppressing ripples, increasing an engine output and improving fuel consumption efficiency is provided. A chamber is provided in the middle of an exhaust pipe for an internal combustion engine. A tail pipe connected to an end portion of an exhaust opening of the exhaust pipe is provided. A plurality of fins are disposed inside the tail pipe in a spiral shape that is gradually widened toward a discharging direction of the exhaust gas. The chamber includes a cover body and an internal exhaust pipe surrounded by the cover body. The internal exhaust pipe includes a diffusion exhaust pipe having a wide bore and a compression exhaust pipe having a narrow bore. Diffusion pores are drilled on a portion of the side surface of the internal exhaust pipe.

Abstract: A muffler for a vehicle exhaust system includes a plastic outer shell that defines an internal cavity. A metal pipe extends through the internal cavity from an inlet to an outlet. A Helmholtz chamber is formed within the plastic outer shell to attenuate a desired frequency.

Abstract: The inside of a muffler main body formed from an outer plate into the shape of a cylinder is divided into an upstream-side expansion chamber and downstream-side expansion chambers by partition walls. A catalyst is contained in the upstream-side expansion chamber having a larger volume, and a cylinder-shaped reinforcement member is attached to an inner surface of the outer plate of the upstream-side expansion chamber.

Abstract: Muffler tubes and methods of forming muffler tubes are provided. In one example, a muffler tube has an end portion with a plurality of outwardly extending tabs, wherein the tabs are folded radially inwards to at least partially close the end portion of the tube.

Abstract: An exhaust apparatus for internal combustion engines which can reduce exhaust noises, its weight and production cost with no need to provide a sub-muffler. The exhaust apparatus is provided with an inner pipe having the upstream open end and the downstream open end is disposed in the tail pipe, and the upstream open end of the inner pipe is protruded outwardly from the inside of the tail pipe to be extended into the resonance chamber, and thus the upstream open end is closed by the resonance chamber defined by the outer shell of the muffler, the end plate, and the partition plate.

Abstract: An exhaust apparatus for internal combustion engines which can reduce exhaust noises, its weight and production cost with no need to provide a sub-muffler. The exhaust apparatus is provided with an inner pipe having the upstream open end and the downstream open end is disposed in the tail pipe, and the upstream open end of the inner pipe is protruded outwardly from the inside of the tail pipe to be extended into the resonance chamber, and thus the upstream open end is closed by the resonance chamber defined by the outer shell of the muffler, the end plate, and the partition plate.

Abstract: A fluid pathway is provided with a flow controller in at least a portion of its length wherein the flow controller comprises an active surface capable of influencing the fluid flow through the fluid pathway, the configuration of the active surface conforming to at least one logarithmic curve conforming to the Golden Section.

Abstract: A muffler (1) for an exhaust system (2) of an internal combustion engine, especially of a motor vehicle, with a muffler housing (3), which encloses a housing interior space (5), and with at least one exhaust gas-carrying hollow body (4) with two half shells in a half shell construction. The hollow body is arranged in the housing interior space (5). The two half shells (14, 15) of the hollow body (4) are fastened to one another in the area of a separating plane (16). The assembly of the muffler (1) or of the hollow body (4) can be simplified if the two half shells (14, 15) are fastened to one another by fastening elements (17, 18), which are formed directly on the half shells (14, 15).

Abstract: A silencer for an exhaust system, more preferably of a motor vehicle, is provided with a silencer insert arranged in a silencer housing. The silencer includes a jacket, with at least one pipe section penetrating a through-opening of the jacket. Through welding of the pipe section to the silencer insert a weld seam formed pressure-tight between pipe section and jacket is relieved of mechanical load.

Abstract: A resonator for a dual-flow exhaust system of an engine is provided. The resonator includes a housing defining an enclosure and a baffle spanning the housing and separating a first and second expansion chamber of the enclosure, the baffle including at least one opening. The resonator further includes a first and a second exhaust conduit extending through the baffle and housing, each conduit in fluidic communication with a separate cylinder bank and including a perforated portion fluidly coupled to the enclosure, each perforated portion positioned in separate expansion chambers.

Abstract: An exhaust throttle valve protected from disturbance due to stones scattered during operation of a vehicle. Front side exhaust pipes and rear side exhaust pipes are connected to a catalyst chamber disposed below a crankcase. The catalyst chamber and an exhaust chamber disposed to the rear thereof are connected to each other via a rear exhaust pipe. The diameter of the rear exhaust pipe is smaller than the lateral width of each of the catalyst chamber and the exhaust chamber, so that a recessed space is externally formed so as to recede inside of the vehicle. An exhaust throttle valve is received in the space. The exhaust throttle valve is partially exposed to the outside of the rear exhaust pipe and a throttle valve is received in the rear exhaust pipe to throttle-control the passage-sectional area of the rear exhaust pipe according to the rotation of the engine.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a motorcycle engine including a header having an upstream end adjacent a combustion chamber of the engine and having a downstream end opposite the upstream end. The exhaust system includes a catalytic converter positioned downstream of the combustion chamber and configured to improve the emissions quality of exhaust gases discharged from the combustion chamber. The exhaust system further includes a perforated section at least partially defining an exhaust passageway, the perforated section disposed adjacent the downstream end of the header. A resonator chamber is in fluid communication with the perforated section. The resonator chamber is configured to allow expansion of the exhaust gases in the exhaust passageway through the perforated section.

Abstract: A muffler that inhibits reduction in engine performance and reduces exhaust noise volume includes a front chamber and an expansion chamber with a partition therebetween. A conduit passes through the expansion chamber. An upstream end of the conduit passes through the partition and opens in the front chamber. A partition wall is provided in a central section of the conduit. An outflow section upstream from the partition wall has a side surface in which outflow holes are formed that allow exhaust gas to flow out to the expansion chamber. An inflow section downstream from the partition wall has a side surface formed with inflow holes that allow exhaust gas to flow in from the expansion chamber.

Abstract: Noise-abatement devices are provided for a pneumatic tool that can include a housing having a first end and a second end. An expansion chamber is defined within the expansion chamber. At least one tube is located at least partially within the expansion chamber in which the tube has at least a perforated portion, and an outlet defined therein. The device also includes a port outlet in fluid communication with the expansion chamber in which the port outlet and the outlet are located near the second end of the housing.

Abstract: A device for attenuating energy along a conduit, comprising a first member having an essentially semi-cylindrical outer surface and a first cavity extending substantially longitudinally from end to end. A second member having an essentially semi-cylindrical outer surface is provided, with the outer radii of the first and second members being the same. The second member also has a longitudinally extending cavity. When the two members are secured to one another to form the device, the two cavities face one another to form a bore that extends from end to end and has respective opposed tapered portions having a circular cross-sectional configuration that decreases in diameter inwardly. The bore also has a central, cylindrical portion disposed between the tapered portions and having an axial length that is no greater than one third of the overall axial length of the device.

Abstract: An exhaust device for an engine cam include a flow rectifying device for rectifying a flow of an exhaust gas. The flow rectifying device is disposed in an upstream end of an inner pipe, and comprises protrusions projecting inwardly. The exhaust gas engaging the flow rectifying device has passed through a curved portion of the inner pipe. The inner pipe also includes a muffler having a plurality of vent holes disposed in an inner portion thereof, and an outer pipe surrounding the inner pipe, defining an angular chamber therebetween.

Abstract: Silencer of exhaust gases, in particular for motor vehicles, comprising an inlet opening (13) and a cylindrical coat (1) provided with an outlet pipe (29) at its opposing end, said cylindrical coat (1) has an internal division into at least four working sections (5, 6, 7, 8) containing axially arranged elements, especially suppression elements, expansion chambers, a whirl chamber, resonators and twirling, deflecting, and accumulating elements, confined with at least three crosswise arranged partitions (2, 3, 4), while the cylindrical coat (1) opposite to the outlet tube (29) is provided with an inlet section (10) freely encompassing its first working section (5) provided with inlet holes (18) of exhaust gases, said inlet section (10) being attached to the surface of the cylindrical coat (1).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust muffling device having a simple structure, which is capable of suppressing air column resonance favorably, irrespective of a length of an outlet pipe of an exhaust pipe which communicates with a muffler, and with which it is possible to achieve appropriate reductions in weight and cost. The exhaust muffling device of the present invention comprises a muffler having an expansion chamber whose length is L in an exhaust direction, and an outlet pipe being in communication with the expansion chamber and whose pipe length is approximately 2nL in which n is a natural number.

Abstract: A venturi muffler is made of a plurality of metallic tubular stepped members which are stacked together and define at least one sound-reflective chamber which opens through an annular venturi passage into an axial flow passage of the venturi muffler thereby creating a partial vacuum in the annular chamber. The annular chambers include aligned openings through which exhaust gasses flow but are also reflected by walls of the sound-reflective chambers. Therefore, the exhaust sound or noise is dampened by the cancellation of sound waves 180 degrees out of phase with each other, the creation of a partial vacuum through which sound cannot propagate or propagates minimally, and by the heat removed by all of the metallic heat-conductive venturi-forming segments of the venturi muffler.

Abstract: A silencer having improved noise reduction characteristics is disclosed. The silencer includes a first cylindrical connection pipe for guiding the flow of a fluid, a cylindrical expansion pipe communicating with the first connection pipe at one end thereof for guiding the flow of the fluid, the expansion pipe having a sectional area greater than that of the first connection pipe, and a second cylindrical connection pipe communicating with the other end of the expansion pipe for guiding the flow of the fluid. The expansion pipe has a length (L) decided depending upon a diameter (D) of the first connection pipe or the second connection pipe. According to the present invention, resonance caused by a pipe connected to the silencer is prevented, and therefore, the noise reduction efficiency of the silencer is improved.

Abstract: In order to make available an exhaust gas system for a combustion engine with an external housing, which contains at least one rear shell and one front shell, and with a catalyst chamber, in which at least one catalyst element is arranged, and with an exhaust gas duct, from which exhaust gas is conveyed from the catalyst chamber, said exhaust gas system including few components and being able to be produced cost-effectively and wherein harmful thermal stresses in the components of the exhaust gas system are largely avoided, the catalyst chamber also forms the exhaust gas duct. The catalyst chamber has at least two chamber halves, and the exhaust gas duct is provided materially uniform and in one piece in at least one chamber half.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe connected to an exhaust port of an engine and an expansion chamber is disposed in the vicinity of the engine. A main tube is provided that extends rearwardly from a head pipe disposed at the front side of a main body. An engine having a cylinder extending upwardly from a crankcase is disposed under the main tube with an exhaust port open at the front side of the cylinder. A first exhaust pipe is provided that is connected to the exhaust port. A down tube is disposed on the center line in the left-right direction of the main body. The exhaust port disposed behind the down tube is deviatingly open at one side from the center line. The first exhaust pipe extends forward from one side of the down tube, and to the other side of the down tube, subsequently turns, and extends again to one side.

Abstract: An adjustable Helmholtz resonator assembly is provided having an active state and an inactive state. In the active state the Helmholtz resonator assembly is operable to attenuate pressure pulsations within air passing therethrough. In the inactive state the Helmholtz resonator assembly does not attenuate pressure pulsations within air passing therethrough. The Helmholtz resonator assembly is preferably configured to be mounted within an intake system of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: In a muffler duct including a duct body and a resonance box, the inside of the duct body and the inside of the resonance box are made to communicate directly with each other not through a cylindrical member. In the partition wall of the resonance box, a gas vent opening portion, which is composed of a gas vent opening having a through hole shape and a gas-permeable member having a gas vent passage of a labyrinth shape for covering said gas vent opening, is formed at a position to confront a communication opening, through which the inside of the duct body and the inside of the resonance box communicate with each other.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a straddle-type vehicle that achieves miniaturization while meeting a demand for noise reducing characteristics. The exhaust system is connectable to an engine, and includes an exhaust pipe connectable to the engine and a silencer. The exhaust system further comprises a tail pipe inserted into the silencer 10. The silencer comprises an outer housing and an inner core accommodated in the outer housing. An air space is provided between the tail pipe and the inner core.

Abstract: A vehicle resonator structure and attachment method is provided and includes a resonator chamber that has a first intake tube and a first exhaust or outlet tube attached thereto. At least one of the tubes includes a projection that can be molded (e.g., via flash molding after the tube itself is blow molded) onto the tube. The resonator chamber can include upper and lower tube mount structures that can be hot plate welded and sandwiched onto the projection in the tube. Thus, the tube(s) is/are positively retained in position with respect to the resonator chamber such that the tuning of the resonator does not change due to fluctuations in geometry of the tube(s) and resonator chamber structure, and such that there is little or no vibration noise and/or possible damage that might result if the tube(s) were free to move with respect to the resonator chamber.

Abstract: A silencer for a refrigeration cycle system is disclosed. The silencer includes a silencing chamber 15a formed in a housing 16, an inlet pipe 20 connected to the housing 16 to allow the refrigerant to flow into the silencing chamber 15a, and an outlet pipe 21 connected to the housing 16 to allow the refrigerant to flow out of the silencing chamber 15a. The direction in which the inlet pipe 20 is connected to the housing 16 and the direction in which the outlet pipe 21 is connected to the housing 16 cross each other. A bend 21c projected into the silencing chamber 15a and curved toward the upstream end 20b of the inlet pipe 20 is formed at the upstream end 21b portion of the outlet pipe 21. The bend 21c is formed with an opening 21d to open the inside part thereof. As a result, the refrigerant that has flowed into the silencing chamber 15a can be guided smoothly to the outlet pipe 21 while at the same time avoiding a case in which the bend 21c suppresses the interference of the pressure wave.

Abstract: A vehicle exhaust assembly for improved evacuation of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine. The system comprises a modular replacement exhaust system having a novel header pipe and muffler. The present invention readily adapts to a range of vehicle applications including automobiles, motorcycles, and all terrain vehicles.

Abstract: A muffler is capable of sufficiently reducing flow noise, discharge noise, vehicle noise, and cabin noise, preventing a pressure loss, and improving output power. The muffler has a muffler body, an upstream pipe that opens in the muffler body, and a downstream pipe that opens in the muffler body. An opening is formed in a side wall of the downstream pipe in the muffler body. The opening consists of many small holes arranged in an elongated area extending in an axial direction of the downstream pipe.