Abstract: A step ladder includes a first assembly having a first pair of spaced apart rails, a second assembly having at least one rail, and a top cap coupled with the first assembly and the second assembly. At least one of the first and second assemblies may be pivotally coupled with the top cap. The first assembly includes a plurality of rungs coupled with the rails and may exhibit a vertical spacing of a first distance between adjacent rungs, a vertical spacing equal to the first distance between the lowermost rung and a supporting surface (e.g., the ground), and a vertical spacing between the uppermost rung and the top cap that is greater than the first distance. In one particular embodiment, the vertical spacing between the uppermost rung and the top cap is twice the distance of the first distance.

Abstract: A ladder includes a pair of generally curved side rails arranged in a spaced apart manner, a plurality of fixed rungs disposed between the side rails, a plurality of pairs of rung supports, and a plurality of hinged rungs. Each of the pairs of rung supports is horizontally aligned with each other and disposed on respective inner sides of the side rails. The rung supports are spaced apart from the fixed rungs along lengths of the side rails. Each rung support includes a flanged end portion having an aperture therein. Each hinged rung is associated with a respective pair of rung supports. Each hinged rung has a first end pivotally coupled to the flanged end portion of a first rung support in the respective pair of rung supports such that each hinged rung is pivotal between a secured position between the rung supports and a retracted position.

Abstract: A ladder has first and second support members, joined at their upper ends by a hinge. The first and second support members have left rail and a right rail that support plural first and second steps. Steps secured to the rails a fixed distance apart and are staggered so that the steps of the first support member begin at a different elevation than the steps of the second support member. The steps are wider than the rails to provide a larger surface for a user to stand. The ladder has a deployed position in which first ends of the first and second supports remain close and the second ends are spread apart and held in a distance apart by a spreader bar. Upon drawing the second ends of the first and second supports together, the steps of the first and second support member do not touch or interfere and may interleave.

Abstract: A space saving ladder, wherein the ladder can be folded up into a compact unit for storage. In the open load bearing orientation, the space saving ladder is load bearing and conforms to requirements for free standing ladders. In the closed orientation, the space saving ladder can have steps or rungs, which can hinge upward as the ladder legs are moved closer to one another. In the closed orientation, the legs of the space saving ladder are adjacent to one another and the steps or rungs are enclosed in the ladder legs.

Abstract: A folding, self-erecting ladder for use in the marine environment comprises two rigid side rails with holes for holding rungs. Bungee cord is thread through the rungs and rails to tension the rails toward each other top hold the rungs in the rail holes. The ladder can be folded by pulling the rails apart, allowing the rungs to leave the rail holes, and moving the rails closer to each other, trapping the rungs therebetween, and binding the folded ladder to hold it in the folded position.

Abstract: A collapsible escape ladder, including a first upright, a second upright, and a plurality of elongated rungs that extend between the first and second uprights and that are rotatably attached to the first and second uprights about a first and second rotation axis, respectively, that extend perpendicular to a ladder plane spanned by the first and second uprights and the rungs. The ladder has a closed state where the rungs are substantially hidden between the uprights and an open state where the rungs extend between the uprights and perpendicular to a building wall and wherein the ladder extends downward from an escape point to the ground.

Abstract: A collapsible step assembly includes at least one step and a plurality of stringers pivotally connected to corresponding pivot points associated with the step. The step assembly may interface with a slide assembly configured to receive the step assembly in sliding engagement when collapsed.

Abstract: A folding step stool includes a front rail assembly. The step stool includes a rear rail assembly, pivotally connected to the front rail assembly, having a crossbar. The step stool includes a step pivotally attached to the front rail assembly having notches which fit over the crossbar when the stool is in an open position. The step stool includes a linkage assembly pivotally and fixedly attached to the step and pivotally and fixedly attached to the crossbar. The linkage assembly compresses to allow the notches to fit over the crossbar and the linkage assembly exerting a force to maintain the crossbar in the notches when the stool is in the open position. A method for securing a step stool includes the steps of moving the notches of a step against a crossbar of a rear rail assembly pivotally connected to a front rail assembly of the step stool.

Abstract: A stepladder includes a front section having a first front leg and a second front leg. The stepladder includes a step attached to the first front leg and the second front leg. The stepladder includes a latch engaged with the step. The stepladder includes a rear section having a first rear leg and a second rear leg and a cross bar attached to the first rear leg and the second rear leg. The rear section is pivotably attached to the front section. The rear section has a first stud which extends from the first rear leg toward the second rear leg and separate and apart and not in contact with the second rear leg and not in contact with the cross bar.

Abstract: A folding step stool includes a front rail assembly. The step stool includes a rear rail assembly, pivotally connected to the front rail assembly, having a crossbar. The step stool includes a step pivotally attached to the front rail assembly having notches which fit over the crossbar when the stool is in an open position. The step stool includes a linkage assembly pivotally and fixedly attached to the step and pivotally and fixedly attached to the crossbar. The linkage assembly compresses to allow the notches to fit over the crossbar and the linkage assembly exerting a force to maintain the crossbar in the notches when the stool is in the open position. A method for securing a step stool includes the steps of moving the notches of a step against a crossbar of a rear rail assembly pivotally connected to a front rail assembly of the step stool.

Abstract: An elevated hunting stand with a platform assembly and a collapsible ladder. The collapsible ladder includes a plurality of telescopically separating sections. The ladder sections are secured together by locking pins. The ladder rails and rungs are pivotally attached and operated as a parallelogram linkage system, so the ladder sections can be reduced in size to a compressed configuration by rotating the rungs relative to the rails. A plurality of stabilizing members are provided to hold the ladder sections in an expanded position. The platform assembly can serve as one of the stabilizing members.

Abstract: A foldable ladder moveable between a folded position and an unfolded position, wherein the ladder can have a two support members, each with an inner surface. Grooves can be disposed in each inner surface. When the foldable ladder is in the folded position, a portion of each groove of one of the support members can be aligned with a portion of at least one of the grooves of the other support member. The ladder can have a rungs secured in the grooves to secure the support members together. Each rung can be pivotable to move the ladder between the folded position and the unfolded position. When the ladder is in the unfolded position, the rungs can extend perpendicular to the support members. When the ladder is in the folded position, each rung can rest within two of the grooves; thereby allowing the support members to engage together.

Abstract: A folding ladder with a pair of parallel front support members having a plurality of sequentially positioned grooves, a plurality of front aligned fastener holes aligned with a plurality of back fastener holes, a pair of non-parallel back support members, wherein the back support member inside forms a flush engagement with the front support member outer side; a plurality of pivot means disposed centrally through each back top end and extending from each back top end to an off center position in each front support top end, a plurality of pivoting non-removable rungs, a pair of locking spreader bars, a pair of pivotable cross braces and a plurality of recessed magnets for supporting the pivoting cross braces and for allowing portions of the folding ladder to compactly and securely engage each other.

Abstract: A stepladder having front stiles with steps extending therebetween, rear stiles connected to the front stiles in a hinged manner, a connecting member extending between the top ends of the front stiles, and a U-shaped bracket, extending from the connecting member which can swivel and/or slide and which spans a plane extending transversely to the stepladder in the usage position. Connecting member has a through-hole, said through-hole enabling a connection to the cavity of the front stiles, each through-hole is penetrated by a respective side limb of the bracket, in a first position of the bracket the side limbs extend within the cavities and the cross limb be accommodated by the connecting member, and in a second position of the bracket, said bracket extends on the plane extending transversely to the stepladder and the side limbs extend outside the cavities and are supported at the ends on the connecting member.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment is an assistive device for enabling individuals with limited mobility to step up to a generally horizontal patient support apparatus having: a pair of foldable frames each having a generally U-shaped vertical side frame. Each of the frames has a plurality of horizontal support members and is coupled to one or more horizontal support bars that are located at a rear of the device. A plurality of foldable steps is coupled to the frames. A method of a patient/user using the device described above includes the acts of: unfolding a folded device (if folded); placing the device with a rear portion facing and against an examination table or bed. Having the patient/user grip a pair of grips and placing a first foot on a lower step. The patient then places a second foot on an upper step with the first foot remaining on the lower step while maintaining his/her hands on the grips.

Abstract: A step unit includes right and left step frames and two steps coupled to the right and left step frames.

Abstract: The present invention provides a significant improvement to a ladder by making it light-weight and easily collapsible. Ladder rails slide back and forth over ladder rungs allowing the ladder to collapse to a fraction of its extended size. After collapse of the rails, the rungs fold up using a pivoting knuckle hinge. The pivot is specifically designed to pivot only one way to prevent accidents or collapse while the ladder is in use. This design allows the ladder to be compact and easily transportable. Similarly, the materials used to construct the ladder make it light-weight enough for most adults to carry easily.

Abstract: A folding step stool includes a front rail assembly. The step stool includes a rear rail assembly, pivotally connected to the front rail assembly, having a crossbar. The step stool includes a step pivotally attached to the front rail assembly having notches which fit over the crossbar when the stool is in an open position. The step stool includes a linkage assembly pivotally and fixedly attached to the step and pivotally and fixedly attached to the crossbar. The linkage assembly compresses to allow the notches to fit over the crossbar and the linkage assembly exerting a force to maintain the crossbar in the notches when the stool is in the open position. A method for securing a step stool includes the steps of moving the notches of a step against a crossbar of a rear rail assembly pivotally connected to a front rail assembly of the step stool.

Abstract: A stepladder has a front frame, a rear frame, a bracket and multiple steps. The front frame has two front side rails and multiple rungs mounted between the front side rails. The rear frame is connected pivotally to the front frame and has two rear side rails, a crossbeam and a lock. The lock is mounted pivotally on the crossbeam. The bracket is connected pivotally and slidably to the rear frame and has multiple pivot pins. The steps are mounted pivotally on the bracket and are selectively and engaged respectively with the rungs of the front frame. The lock selectively hooks a pivot pin to stably lock the bracket for improved safety.

Abstract: A ladder includes a standing frame comprising two parallel standing side legs, a plurality of step platforms transversely extended between the standing side legs of the standing frame, and a side support enhancement including two side ground supports each having a ground end and a pivot end pivotally connected to the respective standing side leg, two reinforcing arms pivotally connected to the side ground supports respectively; and two sliding joints for slidably connecting the reinforcing arms with bottom ends of the standing side legs respectively. Therefore, the reinforcing arms are slid inwardly to pivotally pull the side ground supports to align with the standing side legs respectively to form a compact unit and are slid outwardly to pivotally push the side ground supports away from the standing side legs respectively so that the side ground supports are inclindedly and outwardly extended from the standing side legs respectively.

Abstract: A foldable ladder includes a back supporting frame and a front supporting frame, a plurality of foot supporters provided on the front supporting frame in a pivotally foldable manner, a plurality of coupling arrangements for coupling the foot supporters with the front supporting frame, and a foot supporters folding control mechanism for folding or unfolding all the foot supporters in a simultaneous manner. The foot supporters are adapted of folding between a folded position and an unfolded position, wherein in the folded position the first and the second step member are pivotally and upwardly folded toward the first and the second front side legs respectively, and wherein in the unfolded position, the first and the second step member are pivotally and downwardly unfolded from each other to an extent that the step surface of the first step member is well-aligned with the step surface of the second step member, while the step surfaces are kept horizontal.

Abstract: A ladder includes a frame and a plurality of folding steps. The ladder includes a step mover coupled to the steps to allow pivotable movement of the step sections relative to the left and right legs as the ladder is moved between opened and closed positions.

Abstract: A ladder for people with limited mobility comprising a first frame member defining a first sidewall; a second frame member defining a second sidewall; a plurality of steps spanning between the first and second sidewalls, from a first level above the surface to the upper level substantially to the height of a wheelchair seat; handles positioned above each of the steps, so that a person is able to place one's hands on the handles and lift oneself up the first step, and grasp the next highest handles and lift to the next highest step until the person is able to move from the highest step onto the wheelchair seat.

Abstract: A ladder includes a frame and a plurality of folding steps. The ladder includes a step mover coupled to the steps to allow pivotable movement of the step sections relative to the left and right legs as the ladder is moved between opened and closed positions.

Abstract: A foldable ladder includes a back supporting frame and a front supporting frame, a plurality of foot supporters provided on the front supporting frame in a pivotally foldable manner, a plurality of coupling arrangements for coupling the foot supporters with the front supporting frame, and a foot supporters folding control mechanism for folding or unfolding all the foot supporters in a simultaneous manner. The foot supporters are adapted of folding between a folded position and an unfolded position, wherein in the folded position the first and the second step member are pivotally and upwardly folded toward the first and the second front side legs respectively, and wherein in the unfolded position, the first and the second step member are pivotally and downwardly unfolded from each other to an extent that the step surface of the first step member is well-aligned with the step surface of the second step member, while the step surfaces are kept horizontal.

Abstract: A ladder for people with limited mobility comprising a first frame member defining a first sidewall; a second frame member defining a second sidewall; a plurality of steps spanning between the first and second sidewalls, from a first level above the surface to the upper level substantially to the height of a wheelchair seat; handles positioned above each of the steps, so that a person is able to place one's hands on the handles and lift oneself up the first step, and grasp the next highest handles and lift to the next highest step until the person is able to move from the highest step onto the wheelchair seat. There is further provided a mechanism for allowing each of the steps to fold upwardly along their midpoint to move the apparatus into a folded storage position when not in use.

Abstract: A foldable ladder having two rails with several rungs pivotally mounted on each end to rail extensions. The rail extensions are fixed to the rails and extend towards each other. A pivot joint in each rail extension connects a common rung to allow the rung to be pivoted on two of its ends. To prevent the normally pivotally joined rungs from moving when the ladder is in an opened position, a bracket is slidably mounted on the top and bottom ladder rungs.

Abstract: A folding ladder includes a first side rail and a second side rail, and at least one rung pivotally attached at its ends to the first and second side rails. The ladder further includes at least one diagonal locking member having a first portion pivotally attached at a first end to the first side rail and a second portion pivotally attached at a first end to a second end of the first portion and a second end pivotally attached to the second side rail. The locking member locks the folding ladder in a use position.

Abstract: A novel compact collapsible step ladder that can be efficiently, easily and practically stored in space limited locations or areas when not in use. The compact collapsible step ladder when folded, and not in use, is no thicker that the combined thickness of its adjacent and substantially parallel front and rear ladder legs. The collapsible step ladder comprises a pair of pivotally connected ladder legs, a pivoting step with rear opposing pegs engaging rear ladder channel guides, and at least one ladder pivoting rung connected to the step through connecting rods. The connecting rods synchronize the movement of the pivoting step and the at least one pivoting rung as the ladder assumes the open and closed positions. In the ladder open position, the step and at least one ladder rung assume substantially horizontal orientations. In the ladder closed position the step and the at least one ladder rung are substantially parallel to the ladder legs.

Abstract: A collapsible ladder provides a plurality of segments, each segment associated with one rung of the ladder. The segments may be folded into a flat or planar configuration, after which each segment may be folded against adjacent segments, thereby forming a stacked storage configuration. Each segment provides a generally horizontally oriented rung carried at either end by a generally vertically oriented inside element. A middle element is hinged to each inside element, and an outside element is hinged to each middle element. Side rails may be formed by folding the middle element at 90 degrees to the inside element, and the outside element at 90 degrees to the middle element. A side rail formed in this manner is generally U-shaped when viewed from the end. Springs bias the inside, middle and outside elements into a 90 degree relationship with each adjacent element.

Abstract: A foldable ladder suitable for boarding a boat from the bow end thereof having laterally spaced side rails each with upper and lower portions. The upper and lower portion of one side rail are hinged together or pivoting in an outward direction and the upper and lower portions of the other side rails include a releasable connection. A plurality of steps extend between the side rails and are connected at their ends to the adjacent side rail by hinges. A releasable latch mechanism interconnects the side rails for holding the ladder in its unfolded condition.

Abstract: A multiple functional, foldable, and portable ladder comprises a plurality of ladder units 5, wherein the ladder unit has a supporting rod on the two sides thereof. Each supporting rod is foldable so that the ladder is expandable for upstanding or foldable so as to be carried and stored and be used in emergency. Thus the ladder is convenient in application and storage. Two supporting rods between two adjacent ladder units 5 are pivotally connected by pivotal shafts, and two ends of each pedal are installed with respective control seats. A pivotal shaft and a movable buckling rod are installed within the control seat. Thereby, when the ladder is expanded, the supporting rod of the ladder unit is assembled by the control seat, during folding, the supporting rods are folded after the buckling rods has been displaced.

Abstract: An escape/rescue ladder that can be mounted in a non-useable condition on the side of a building and can be placed in a useable condition to allow persons to enter and exit from any of a plurality of vertically spaced openings in the building located alongside the ladder. The ladder includes rungs pivotally connected to the building, a rail pivotally connected to the rungs, and a bar extending and constrained to move in the vertical direction adjacent to the building. The bar is connected to the building by at least one counterbalance spring and to at least one rung by a cable fixedly attached to the bar so that as the bar is moved the rungs pivot from their non-useable positions into their useable positions. The springs are selected to approximately counterbalance the weight of the rungs and rail throughout their movement from the non-useable condition to the useable condition.

Abstract: A foldable ladder having rungs pivotally connected to the side rails, allowing the side rails to pivot from a position wherein the siderails are coplanar to the rung to a support position wherein the side rails are normal to the rungs.

Abstract: The disclosed is a method comprising the steps of displaying entirely a plurality of storehouse facilities in the form of a plan view; informing a storage abnormality when the actual storage location and stock condition are different from that displayed in parallel with displaying the stock condition at each instant; and correcting the stock condition at the time the storage abnormality is informed. Shelves are distinguished using displayed figures in accordance with shelves in which already stored, shelves still remaining empty, and shelves for which storage is prevented; and the stock condition of the storehouse facilities is displayed by specifying any of the facility on the displayed surface.

Abstract: A pair of laterally positioned struts are interconnected by a plurality of rungs, each rung being formed of a pair of pivotally mounted rung sections. A central rod extends between the inner ends of the rung sections of each rung, the central rod being rigid with a fastener member beneath each pair of rung sections. The inner ends of each pair of rung sections are individually pivoted to a fastener member. A pair of diverging stabilizing rods are centrally joined to a joinder member slidably on the central rod and positionable in direct underlying and supporting engagement with the fastener member of the lowermost rung in the open position of the ladder.

Abstract: A step ladder which folds with respect to a width and a depth thereof. A set of unidirectionally foldable steps is pivotally attached between a pair of side rails, and an extendible cross-bracing assembly is disposed between another pair of side rails. Foldable spreaders are pivotally attached between opposing side rails. Each step has two halves, and a brace is pivotally attached to each half. A translation assembly is disposed in each side rail to which each brace is attached. When the ladder is folded with respect to its width, the steps fold upward, drawing the braces upward by means of the translation assembly. When the ladder is folded with respect to its depth, the spreaders are folded, resulting in a completely folded ladder with the steps and the braces substantially contained within the side rails. A locking assembly is disposed between the side rails for preventing the ladder from folding.

Abstract: A locking device for preventing bidirectionally foldable step ladders from folding when in an unfolded position, the step ladders being the type including two pairs of U-shaped side rails and a plurality of foldable steps linked by braces to a plate slidably received within respective side rails. The locking device is pivotally attached within a side rail and co-operates with a bracket fixed to the plate to prevent the plate from moving upward when the step ladder is unfolded.

Abstract: A brace fastener for holding a step brace in position when the folding ladder in which said step brace is fastened is set up into shape, comprising a spring plate in an inverted T shape attached to either sidepiece of said folding ladder to hold a hook member in place and a control member movably hooked in said hook member for performing a second-order lever. Attaching said control member to the outer surface of the sidepiece of the folding ladder permits the hook member to be moved into a locking position to lock the step brace in position when the folding ladder is set up. Rotating the control member downwards causes the hook member to disconnect from the step brace so that the folding ladder can be collapsed.

Abstract: A step ladder which folds with respect to a width and a depth thereof. Two sets of unidirectionally foldable steps are pivotally attached between two pairs of side rails, and foldable spreaders are pivotally attached between opposing side rails. Each step has two halves, and a brace is pivotally attached to each half. A translation assembly is disposed in each side rail to which each brace is attached. A head step is disposed on a top of the ladder and is pivotal in the two directions of the step ladder. When the ladder is folded with respect to its width, the step fold upward, drawing the braces upward by means of the translation assembly. When the ladder is folded with respect to its depth, the spreaders are folded, resulting in a completely folded ladder with the steps and the braces substantially contained within the side rails. A locking assembly is disposed between the side rails for preventing the ladder from folding. A retaining assembly prevents the ladder from unfolding.

Abstract: A mobile foxhole excavator (MFE) is mounted on a standard military vehicle for transport and positioning. The excavator is powered by a self-contained internal combustion engine, which powers a hydraulic system for positioning an auger mast in three mutually perpendicular planes (horizontal, vertical and lateral) to permit the auger to bore holes at any desired angle between vertical, downward, and horizontal, as well as boring at various overhead angles between horizontal and near vertical. A single hydraulic motor is used to operate the boring auger, as well as various hydraulic cylinders to effect the desired positioning of the auger mast.

Abstract: A folding step structure (7) comprises an elongate base (11) to be laid on or parallel to a ground surface (1); a frame (15) connected to the base; a step (14) connected to the frame such that the frame and the step member are together pivotal, about pivot points (20, 21) towards one end of the base, between a first limit position in which the step is parallel to, and closely spaced from, the ground surface at a location towards the other end of the base, in which limit position the frame is closely adjacent the base, and a second limit position in which the step is supported above the base; and a bracing strut (24) for securing the step and the frame in the second limit position.

Abstract: A metal construction for a ladder includes two spaced apart side rails and a plurality of rungs attached at their ends to the side rails. The side rails each include a generally rectangular side rail tube having angularly disposed reinforcing webs integrally formed within the tube. A plurality of weight reducing apertures are formed in the sidewalls of the tube and are longitudinally spaced at predetermined intervals. The rungs include a tube with an integral reinforcing web extending parallel to the sidewalls of the tube. A portion of the sidewalls of the ladder rung tube are removed by milled slots. The rungs are pivotally attached to the side rails to allow the ladder to be collapsed down to a folded condition.

Abstract: Apparatus for attaching to a bumper of a motor vehicle comprises a pair of clamp members which can be releasably secured to the bumper; a pair of stanchions, with each stanchion being attached to a respective clamp member to extend in a substantially vertical position adjacent to the front of a bumper on which the clamp members are engaged; and a generally rectangular base platform whose length is such that the base platform can be positioned substantially horizontally between the stanchions, with attachment means being provided at each of the opposite, longitudinal ends of the base platform for releasably attaching the base platform to the respective stanchions at selectable positions along the lengths of the respective stanchions.

Abstract: A compact, collapsible and automatically expansible mining canvas is constructed and arranged so that a mine worker may stand under a supported roof section and extend into a newly sumped coal portion a forward section of a mining canvas so as to direct the air flow across the face of a newly mined coal section so as to remove any dangerous gasses and debris escaping therefrom. The mining canvas comprises an upper support and a lower support connected by pivotal intermediate support members and a canvas which is connected there between and which is preferably pleated so as to allow collapsible and expansible operation. Included in this invention is the method by which a miner may stand under an already supported section and extend to within a few feet of the newly mined or sumped face a compact, collapsed but expansible canvas section that is easily transportable to the face and which upon expansion will engage the roof and floor of the mine so as to direct the air flow against the face.

Abstract: A vehicle such as a tank truck having a catwalk along its top, is provided with a guardrail therealong that can be lowered during transport. A ladder provides access to the catwalk; and the guardrail and the ladder are so interconnected that when the guardrail is lowered, the rungs of the ladder are raised to prevent access to the catwalk.

Abstract: An adjustable railing section including upper and lower rails connected by spaced vertical members is mountable between a pair of vertical posts, the posts being secured in vertical positions on a surface by use of U-shaped brackets and individually inserted fasteners that provide for vertical orientation of the posts in two planes perpendicular to each other. The undersurface of the upper rail and the upper surface of the lower rail of each section have spaced, transversely extending, confronting cylindrical sockets formed therein, and the opposite ends of the vertical members carry cylindrical formations that are receivable in said upper and lower cylindrical sockets. The socket openings and the cylindrical formations are configured to permit pivotal movement of the vertical members relative to the upper and lower rails, whereby the angles between said rails and the vertical members can be adjusted universally over a preselected range.

Abstract: A portable structure which consists of a plurality of I beams placed side by side and hinged together in a parallelogram fashion such that adjacent I beams may be folded together.

Abstract: A loader having an elevated operator's platform mounted behind the cab of a truck. A ladder positioned to the side of the loader enables an operator to climb up to and down from the platform. The ladder includes a first standard fixed to the truck and/or loader, and a second standard carried by the first standard through interconnecting rungs normally spaced from the first standard outwardly of the acceptable travelling width of the truck. The outer standard and interconnecting rungs are pivotally connected to each other and to the inner standard whereby the outer standard can be pivoted upwardly against the inner standard to substantially reduce the width of the ladder to a position within the acceptable travelling width of the truck.