Abstract: The present invention relates to a process suitable for reducing ammonia loss and odor from organic material to the atmosphere. The process comprises feeding air to a plasma generator to produce a concentration of 0.1-12% by volume of NOx in the air by direct nitrogen fixation. Cooled air containing NOx from the plasma generator is fed to an absorption system comprising at least two absorption loops, wherein a first absorption liquid is circulating in the first absorption loop and a second absorption liquid is circulating in the second absorption loop. The air containing NOx is absorbed into the first absorption liquid to form an acidic solution comprising nitrates and nitrites. Off gases containing NO from the first absorption loop is fed to the second absorption loop, and the off gases containing NO are absorbed into the second absorption liquid having a lower pH.

Abstract: A load anchor assembly for attachment to a tubular member having an exterior surface, comprising an anchor base and a portion extending from the anchor base adapted to secure a vehicle component. The assembly includes a boss having a first flanged end and a second end, where the boss is adapted to be positioned in first and second apertures in the exterior surface of the tubular member with the flanged end in contact with the first aperture and the second end accessible through the second aperture. There is at least one fastener connected to the anchor base and the second end to secure the anchor base to the flanged boss.

Abstract: A device for manufacturing gas filled cushions from preconfigured film material. The device comprises a housing, a film roll holder for supporting a roll of preconfigured film material in a rotatable manner, a gas supply unit, a sealing unit, and conveying means for conducting the film material away from the roll and for conducting said film material along the gas supply unit and the sealing unit in a conducting direction. The device is mountable to a stillage in multiple positions.

Abstract: Scaffolding apparatus and related methods are disclosed. An example scaffolding apparatus includes a beam defining a length between a first end of the beam and a second end of the beam opposite the second end. The length of the beam spans between a first side of a fuselage portion of an aircraft and a second side of the fuselage portion opposite the first side. A first connector is coupled to the first end of the beam. The first connector engages a first stringer on the first side of the fuselage portion to couple the first end of the beam to the fuselage portion. A second connector is coupled to the second end of the beam. The second connector engages a second stringer on the second side of the fuselage portion to couple the second end of the beam to the fuselage portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a scaffolding component (45) with at least one connection head (61) for forming a releaseable connection with a vertical scaffolding element (41) extending in the direction of a longitudinal axis (47). On this scaffolding element is fastened a projection (44) which extends transversely to its longitudinal axis (47) and which has an aperture (55) for the insertion of a wedge (62). The connection head has an upper head part (74) with an upper wedge opening (80) and a lower head part (75) with a lower wedge opening (81), for the wedge (62) which can be inserted through the wedge openings (80, 81). Disposed between the upper head part (74) and the lower head part (75) is a slot (67) which is open towards the front and which is intended for the fitting of the connection head (61) onto the projection (44).

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing an element (8) of a modular scaffolding system, an at least partly galvanized pipe part (10) having a first end (12) and a second end is provided, together with an at least partly galvanized first connection head (40) which is designed to be connected to the first end (12) of the pipe part (10). A weld (24), which connects the first end (12) of the pipe part (10) to the first connection head (40), has an internal weld surface (24b) and an external weld surface (24a). The internal weld surface is proximal to the pipe part (10) and/or the connection head (40), and the external weld surface is proximal to an outside environment (60) of the pipe part (10) and the connecting head (40). A protective layer covers the external weld surface, such that it is screened off from the outside environment (60).

Abstract: An arrangement includes a scaffolding component having a connection head and a vertical scaffolding element extending in the direction of a longitudinal axis with a projection fastened thereto. A wedge is plugged, in a locking position, through two wedge openings in the connection head and through an aperture in the projection. Between the upper and lower head part of the connection head a slot is open towards the front and with which the connection head is plugged onto the projection. The slot has a shoulder of the upper head part which extends downwardly from horizontal upper slot surfaces formed in an insertion region of the slot and which is arranged above the horizontal upper boundary surface of the outer projection part. The shoulder is bounded downwardly with a horizontal shoulder slot surface via which the shoulder is supported on the horizontal upper boundary surface of the projection.

Abstract: An improved intermediate scaffold joint comprising a frame, a first mounting member, a second mounting member, and a vertical stub. The frame has an interior side, an exterior side, and a top side. Both the first mounting member and the second mounting member are attached to the frame's exterior side for securing the frame to an existing scaffold structure. A vertical stub is attached to the frame's top side for attaching an intermediate vertical scaffold member to the frame.

Abstract: The invention relates to a prop (32.1, 32.3) for a three-dimensional framework, particularly a scaffold (20), comprising a fastening mechanism (38) for attaching a railing device (28) to the prop (32.1, 32.3). The invention also relates to a connecting assembly for a railing device (28), comprising at least one prop (32.1, 32.3) for a three-dimensional framework, especially a scaffold (20), and a railing device (28) which can be attached to the prop (32.1, 32.3) with the help of a fastening mechanism (38). Also disclosed is a method for attaching a railing device (28) to a prop (32.1, 32.3) for a three-dimensional framework, especially a scaffold (20), with the help of a fastening mechanism (38). The fastening mechanism (38) encompasses a locking element which can be swiveled about a swivel pin. In the locked position, the locking surface of the locking element lies across from a bearing surface (43) of a support element that is mounted on the prop (32.1, 32.3).

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention is a horizontal scaffold member having a primary end connector and a secondary end connector. Each end connector is configured to couple to a cup on a vertical scaffold member. Each end connector includes a wedge assembly having a handle and a wedge, movable with respect to the wedge head to a latched and unlatched position. The primary wedge assembly is connected to the secondary wedge assembly by a cable, and configured so that moving the primary wedge assembly to a unlatched position also moves the secondary wedge assembly to an unlatched position.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention is a horizontal scaffold member having a primary end connector and a secondary end connector. Each end connector is configured to couple to a cup on a vertical scaffold member. Each end connector includes a wedge assembly having a handle and a wedge, movable with respect to the wedge head to a latched and unlatched position. The primary wedge assembly is connected to the secondary wedge assembly by a cable, and configured so that moving the primary wedge assembly to an unlatched position also moves the secondary wedge assembly to an unlatched position.

Abstract: A scaffold system and method having a hollow horizontal member with an internal wedge head at each end thereof, and internal wedge assembly with an external handle, and a vertical member having affixed in coaxial alignment therewith at least one grid patterned rosette. Each internal wedge head at the end of the horizontal member is configured to couple to the grid patterned rosette coupled to the vertical member substantially simultaneously using the wedge assembly mechanism.

Abstract: A swing head assembly with a swing head and pin affixed to a first horizontal member. A vertical member with a rosette positioned in coaxial alignment therewith. The rosette has radially arranged cut-outs for receiving the swing head assembly. The swing head assembly is rotatably coupled to the rosette. A second horizontal member has a horizontal member head at an end thereof. The rosette is also able to also receive mating elements of the horizontal member head, the second horizontal member having therein an internal wedge assembly with a wedge portion that extends and retracts from the horizontal member head to lock and unlock the horizontal member head to the rosette. The invention further includes a horizontal member having a swing head assembly at one end and an internal wedge assembly at the second end thereof.

Abstract: Scaffold components and system for coupling a horizontal member to a vertical member of a scaffold, comprising a horizontal member and a wedge head attached to each end of the horizontal member each wedge head having an associated wedge assembly.

Abstract: A scaffolding system provided with standards each with an imaginary standard longitudinal central axis, first ledgers each with two extremities, first ledger couplings each connected at the extremity of a first ledger to the first ledger and which are configured for connecting the extremity of the first ledger to a standard, supporting projections which, viewed in the direction of the standard longitudinal central axis, are provided at regular distances on the outer surface of a said standard, wherein with a first ledger in a condition coupled to a standard, the first ledger coupling of the respective first ledger rests on a said supporting projection. Also, a coupling, a ledger and a standard intended for such a scaffolding system are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is an end connector for a horizontal scaffold member where the top of the end connector is inserted into the interior of a scaffold pipe. The invention includes a locking latch that includes a rotating latch member and a rotating lock that interfere when the latch is locked.

Abstract: A modified scaffold support post includes areas of reduced diameter, intermediate the length of the support post, having connecting rosettes secured to these reduced diameter areas. Preferably the areas of reduced diameter correspond to diameter of support tubes used as uprights in scaffold frames in North America (approximately 1.69 inches in outer diameter). Preferably the areas of reduced diameter are formed by swaging a tube of a larger diameter, typically approximately 1.90 inches. The modified support post is advantageously used with scaffold frames with connecting rosettes appropriately positioned on the uprights of the scaffold frames.

Abstract: An improved intermediate scaffold joint comprising a frame, a first mounting member, a second mounting member, and a vertical stub. The frame has an interior side, an exterior side, and a top side. Both the first mounting member and the second mounting member are attached to the frame's exterior side for securing the frame to an existing scaffold structure. A vertical stub is attached to the frame's top side for attaching an intermediate vertical scaffold member to the frame.

Abstract: A scaffold includes a plurality of upright posts, a plurality of transverse posts, a plurality of locking units, a plurality of oblique posts and a plurality of fasteners. Thus, the upright posts, the locking units, the transverse posts, the oblique posts and the fasteners are detachable from each other so that the scaffold is detachable before assembly, thereby facilitating packaging, storage and transportation of the scaffold. In addition, the upright posts, the locking units, the transverse posts, the oblique posts and the fasteners are combined together by a worker himself so that the scaffold is assembled easily and quickly without needing aid of any hand tool, thereby greatly facilitating the worker mounting the scaffold.

Abstract: A scaffold system and method having a hollow horizontal member with an internal wedge head at each end thereof, and internal wedge assembly with an external handle, and a vertical member having affixed in coaxial alignment therewith at least one grid patterned rosette. Each internal wedge head at the end of the horizontal member is configured to couple to the grid patterned rosette coupled to the vertical member substantially simultaneously using the wedge assembly mechanism.

Abstract: The invention relates to dismantlable scaffolding comprising accessible platforms on a plurality of levels and a multitude of vertical supports carrying said platforms. Said vertical supports preferably consist of several sections which can be fixed one on top of the other, are arranged at a distance from each other, and are preferably connected by means of platform bars at predetermined vertical distances. Said supports carry perforated anchor plates at predetermined vertical distances. Connecting railing elements can be applied to adjacent vertical supports. In order to apply at least one railing element above a platform, at least the highest railing elements of a level can be applied to the associated perforated anchor plate by means of a railing adapter element. When applied to the perforated anchor plate, said adapter carries a railing holding element above the anchor plate.

Abstract: An improved scaffold connection is provided, attachable to a vertical scaffold member having a plurality of ring members. The scaffold joint has an upper side and a lower side, and an upper hook section and a lower hook section engagable with the ring members on the vertical scaffold members. The invention includes two latches to lock the joint to two ring members, where the two latches are mechanically connected.

Abstract: A scaffolding support platform for use with a scaffolding system including a fabricated end frame including a floor having a flat surface adapted to support a worker and a support frame including a base for supporting the floor, a plurality of anchors to releasably attach the support frame to a fabricated end frame and a plurality of support members extending between the base and at least one anchor.

Abstract: A saw horse comprises a pair of frames each assembled from a plurality of wooden struts joined by metal formings of sheet stock. Fabric hinges join the frames at their upper ends. The metal formings are positioned and closed around the beams with piercings engaging the fabric hinges. Spreader struts are also hinged by a fabric strap that permits the spreader struts to lay in horizontal positions when the frames are pulled into an A-shape, and to be oriented in side-by-side vertical positions when the frames are folded together.

Abstract: Safety coupling consisting of a base part and a coupling part. The base part is designed to be fitted on a building construction, such as a roof, window frame and the like. Furthermore, the safety coupling comprises a coupling part that can be connected to a facility. A facility is understood to be a ladder, scaffolding, but also a person's harness. The coupling part consists of a protruding part designed to be accommodated with a tight fit in a seat in the base part. To prevent the protruding part releasing from the seat, there is also a locking part that can be made active and inactive with a button. Preferably the construction is designed such that in the unlocked position the coupling part is completely free of the base part and also drops out of the latter. The intention is to fit a large number of base parts on buildings and other building constructions, whilst coupling to a facility by means of the coupling part is always easily possible.

Abstract: Various embodiments for high directionals and kits for high directionals are disclosed. A high directional having an articulated, separable head is disclosed. A high directional having a height adjustable both by altering the length of the legs and by adjusting the leg connection to the head is disclosed. A kit for a high directional including a head, legs, and multiple sets of feet for the high directional is disclosed. The feet of each set are configured for different surfaces. Another kit for a high directional includes a first head component, a second head component, and a plurality of legs.

Abstract: A building member including a male portion and a female portion that are releasably connected together. The male portion includes a first beam having a first pair of wings joined together by a first crosspiece. A first bracket has first opposed ends each of which is affixed to a respective one of the first pair of wings so as to define a first slot between the first crosspiece and the first bracket. A tongue has an inner end that is affixed to the first crosspiece and an outer end, remote from the inner end, which extends through the first slot and outwardly from the first beam. The outer end of the tongue is provided with a first hole. The female portion, however, has a second beam that is adapted for end-to-end abutment with the first beam. The second beam has a second pair of wings that are joined together by a second crosspiece.

Abstract: A replaceable locking and securing device for securing a first member to a second member includes a replaceable bracket, a lock and a fastener. The bracket defines one opening when the bracket is operatively connected to the first member.

Abstract: The scaffold has demountable elements which can be connected to one another to make up lateral frames that incorporate vertical members, flooring platforms or planks, diagonal bracing bars, and handrail poles, and is characterized in that the said lateral frames are composed of an inverted L-shaped element and a straight pole which is connected, by a quick coupling without clearance, to the horizontal arm of the L, and is optionally complemented by further poles to make up the lateral frames, both the straight pole and the vertical or longer arm of the inverted L-shaped element being provided with quick couplings with swinging clamping pieces which are intended to receive the flattened ends of reinforcing tie rods and safety-rail poles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vertical scaffolding element consisting of a tubular portion provided with a number n of radially projecting sockets, distributed peripherally in a star arrangement, designed for the attachment of one end of a horizontal crosspiece of the scaffolding; the sockets are defined by a metal strip folded in order to form a star-shaped part closed on itself having protuberances forming the said sockets alternating with re-entrant regions bearing against the tubular portion, the upper and lower edges of the re-entrant regions in contact with the tubular portion being welded thereto by continuous or discontinuous annular weld beads.

Abstract: A foot assembly includes two first legs each having a first ring provided with a first limiting recess defined in an inner face of the first ring and a first finger extending from the inner face of the first ring, two second legs each having a second ring and a second limiting recess defined in an inner face of the second ring to movably receive therein the first finger of the first ring and two joints each having a third ring, a tube and a tubular extension formed on a bottom rim of the third ring to extend into the first ring and the second ring. The joint has a second finger to be movably received in the first limiting recess such that the first leg is able to align with the second leg for storage.

Abstract: An intermediate scaffold member join comprising a top side, a first side and a second side cooperating to form a channel therebetween. The channel is sized to accept a horizontal scaffold member. The first side has a clamp for attaching to a horizontal scaffold member, the clamp joining a horizontal scaffold member substantially perpendicular to a horizontal scaffold member positioned in the channel. Positioned on the top side is a vertical stub directed away from the channel, where the vertical stub is connectable to a vertical scaffold member.

Abstract: Device for coupling scaffolding elements (4/304) with uprights (3) in a scaffolding or the like. A gripping part (5) which at its upper end is open in the use position and is connected to the upright has a first gripping surface facing the upright extending from the upright. A hook-shaped part (7) attached at the scaffolding element (4) is hooked into the gripping part and supported by it. A movable locking device (37) which can be moved between a locking position and a position for releasing the coupling device has a first tightening part (38) and a second tightening part (50). The first tightening part exhibits a forward tightening surface which is contactable against the upright (3). The second tightening part forms a locking wedge and in the position obtains support from a support surface (53) facing the upright of the book-shaped part (7).

Abstract: A tube and clamp scaffold system includes a series of anchor clamps which are attached by the workers during erection of the system. The anchor clamps are attached at appropriate positions to ay of the tubular members and provide a fastening connection for the hook of a safety lanyard. In this way, the worker secures anchor clamps as the system is erected and fastens his safety lanyard to the appropriate anchor clamp. As the height or length of the system increases, a new anchor clamp can be secured. The anchor clamps are fast to secure and preferably secured in the same manner as clamps used to secure the tubular members.

Abstract: A coupling apparatus is comprised of three couplers for interconnecting three scaffolding members. The locking devices for the couplers may be of a bolt-and-nut configuration or, advantageously, of a wedge and arm, tapered circular wedge and arm or over-centre hand-lever.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for construction of scaffold structures having improved safety characteristics. In various embodiments, the apparatuses comprise a set of structures, including connecting rails, fencing, gates, and ladders. The structures are adapted to be used with locking-cup type scaffold designs. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a scaffold joint comprising a vertical post comprising first and second joint sections. At least one structural brace is disposed within the joint sections having a mounting flange disposed at an angle to the principal axis of the structural brace.

Abstract: A device for interconnecting scaffolding elements (4) and standards (3) of a scaffolding (1) or similar. An engagement member (2), open at the top in the operating mode and connected to the standard, has a first engagement surface (11) facing the standard but extending spaced therefrom, and a first bearing surface (33), in the operating position facing upwards. A hook-shaped member (7) attached to the scaffolding element (4) exhibits a second engagement surface (29) facing away from the standard and a second bearing surface, in the operating position facing downwards. The hook-shaped member is hooked into the engagement member and is supported thereby through co-operation between the first and the second engagement surfaces as well as the first and second bearing surfaces. The hook-shaped member (7) exhibits two side cheeks (13, 14) arranged in spaced (16) relationship with each other and fixedly attached to the scaffolding element (4).

Abstract: A coupling apparatus is comprised of three couplers for interconnecting three scaffolding members. The locking devices for the couplers may be of a bolt-and-nut configuration or, advantageously, of a wedge and arm, tapered circular wedge and arm or over-centre hand-lever.

Abstract: Two ladders are connected together with cross-braces to form a scaffold. Platforms of the scaffold are supported on rungs of the ladders. A C-shaped bracket connects to the ladder legs. The bracket has an ear for connecting a brace.

Abstract: A tube construction wherein on at least one end there is constructed a hook for the releasable fastening to a different structural part. A holding part of the hook is inserted into the end of the tube, and the tube end and the holding part are pressed together. The hook consists thereby of two plates which are spaced apart, and between which is pivotally fastened a safety bolt provided with a hook eyelet. The safety bolt has a locking element facing its axis, and the safety bolt has on its edge face at least one shoulder laterally offset with respect to the axis, which shoulder projects beyond the plates of the hook.

Abstract: A system of connectors for use in temporary structures to connect the bracing members of open lattice towers and trusses to the legs of towers and chords of trusses and space frames. A connector is permanently fitted to each end of all bracing members. The connector is configured to engage a cylinder (or projection) that is integral to the leg (or chord as the case may be). After one end is engaged on a cylinder (projection) the member is rotated about the engaged end until the connector on the opposing end of the member engages a corresponding cylinder (projection) on the opposed leg or chord. Installation of the next member using the method as described permanently locks the previously installed member in place such that it can not be removed until the member that was installed after it is removed. The assembly sequence is therefore fixed and begins at the bottom of a tower leg or one end of a truss chord. Disassembly requires following a sequence that is exactly the reverse of the assembly sequence.

Abstract: The invention relates to a scaffolding, especially facade scaffolding, comprising vertical poles (11) located one behind the other, preferably in pairs, and interconnected at given vertical intervals by means of cross struts (12). Said vertical poles (11) consist preferably of individual elements (11′) and form carrier frames (43) with said cross struts (12). Base plates (13) are also positioned between the cross struts (12) of neighboring carrier frames (43). Diagonal poles (27) are arranged between at least some of the neighboring vertical poles (11). According to the invention scaffolding of this type is configured in such a way that at least one end of the diagonal poles (27) engages in an aperture (16) provided in the designated vertical pole (11) by means of a hook (15, 15′). Said opening lies at least essentially in the plane defined by the axes (17) of the neighboring vertical poles (11).

Abstract: The invention relates to a pivoting pin (1) for use on scaffold vertical frames (6) as a connecting element for scaffold bars and braces extending in horizontal and/or vertical direction, having a sleeve-like support (2) that may be welded on the vertical frame (6), which support on its bottom has a slot (3) extending in longitudinal direction which is larger in width than a fall bar (5) fitted with a bearing in the interior of support (2) and pivoting around a horizontal axis, which fall bar protrudes downwardly from the slot (3) when in its vertical lock position and may be pivoted out of same solely towards the welded end of the support (2) in the interior thereof to reach its horizontal open position, the pivoting angle being confined to about 90°.