Abstract: A vehicle brake system includes a wheel shaft to which a rotor is fixedly mounted for rotation relative to a stator. Rotor coils are mounted to the rotor in close running relation with stator coils mounted by the stator. The stator also mounts a disc brake caliper and an electric actuator for pressing brake pads against surfaces of the rotor. A control circuit selectively, electrically energizes the rotor coils to produce electromagnetic braking and/or the electric actuator to produce frictional braking by the disc brake in accordance with input signals indicating the magnitude of the depression force exerted on a brake pedal, vehicle speed, and braking torque in a manner to harmonize braking action with the braking demands of the driver.

Abstract: A brake controlling apparatus in an electric vehicle comprising a hydraulic brake including a fluid pressure generating and applying device having a characteristic in which the fluid consumption rises in the fluid-pressure range of 0 to P.sub.0, and brakes the driving wheels by the fluid pressure of the fluid pressure applying device. A regenerative brake brakes the driving wheels by the regeneration of the power of a driving motor. A fluid flow cut-off device cuts off the flow of hydraulic fluid from the fluid pressure generating device to the fluid pressure applying device when the fluid pressure of the fluid pressure generating device exceeds P.sub.0. A fluid flow inducing device induces the flow of hydraulic fluid from the fluid pressure generating device to the fluid pressure applying device while maintaining the pressure difference between the fluid pressure generating and applying devices when the pressure difference exceeds .DELTA.P.sub.r.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for controlling brakes suitable for use in an electric vehicle. Target deceleration is determined from the amount of depression of a brake pedal and the deceleration of the electric vehicle is detected. Then, the difference between the target deceleration and the deceleration of the electric vehicle is determined and a desired braking force for attaining the target deceleration is obtained. Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the difference falls within a predetermined range. It is further judged, based on the result of the determination, whether the operation of a regenerative brake is required to obtain the desired braking force. If the difference falls outside of the predetermined range, then the regenerative brake is inhibited from being actuated.

Abstract: A disk brake has an electromagnetic friction clutch that is brought into controllable frictional engagement with a brake disk. The friction clutch is in form-fitting rotational engagement with a piston of a clamping device for the friction linings associated with the brake disk, the piston is axially displaceable by a key driver that is independent of the direction of rotation. To press the friction linings against the brake disk, energy is provided by the rotating vehicle wheel by the friction clutch and metered to the clamping device. The friction brake can be used in passenger cars, for example.

Abstract: The inventive method and machine are improvements in aspects of a material handling machine (such as an overhead travelling crane) having an electrically-powered traverse drive, e.g., a bridge drive. Such machine has (a) regenerative motor braking and (b) a manually-applied hydraulic brake, both for retarding the machine. The invention prevents the bridge drive motor from "driving through the brake" when the hydraulic brake is being applied to result in significant retarding torque. When the hydraulic brake is pedal-applied, an electrical contact closes at a predetermined hydraulic pressure and other devices, relays and the like, are actuated to modify operation of the controller and prevent "motoring" simultaneous with hydraulic braking. Regenerative braking is likely to be set for a retardation rate less than results from application of the hydraulic brake. The invention prevents the drive motor and hydraulic braking system from "fighting.

Abstract: The switchover is mode from a regenerative braking-preference mode in which the braking force for follower and driving wheels are more than a theoretical braking force distribution characteristic for follower and driving wheels, to a usual mode in which a braking force distribution characteristic thereof corresponds to the theoretical braking force distribution characteristic, is carried along an equal braking force line which is the sum of the braking forces for the follower and driving wheels. Thus, the sum total of the braking forces over the entire vehicle is kept constant even if the distribution of the braking forces for the follower and driving wheels is varied and therefore, a smooth braking is possible without a degradation of the steering stability. In addition, the switchover in mode from the regenerative-preference mode to the usual mode is carried out when the time-differentiation value of a wheel speed of the follower wheel or the driving wheel exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: A bypass valve-delay valve assembly for an electric-hydraulic braking system of an electrically driven vehicle which includes a bypass valve section in which the hydraulic braking circuit ducts are obstructed by a solenoid operated valve activated by an electric signal generated by brake pedal depression, and a delay valve section in which the hydraulic fluid is obstructed by a delay valve arranged in a regulator piston whose maximum stroke equals the pressure corresponding to the maximum energy recovery performance generated by the electric drive motors' braking action. Pressure exceeding the maximum energy recovery performance of the drive motors causes the delay valve to open adding hydraulic braking to the electric drive motor braking.

Abstract: A drum brake is provided which in a preferred embodiment includes a backing plate having an anchor at a first end, first and second brake shoes pivotally mounted with respect to the anchor, a nonrotative nut mounted for linear motion with respect to the backing plate, a first apply lever pivotally mounted with respect to the nut and with respect to the first brake shoe, a second apply lever pivotally mounted with respect to the backing plate and with respect to the secondary brake shoe, a first strut pivotally mounted with the first and second brake shoes, a power screw threadably engaged with the nut for translating the nut, and an electric motor torsionally associated with the power screw for turning the same.

Abstract: A brake control system for a vehicle in which a brake pressure is generated in accordance with a signal from an electronic control unit for applying the brake pressure to vehicle wheels, characterized in that a mechanical brake system is automatically actuated when an unexpected electrical fault has occurred in an electrical brake system.

Abstract: Braking system for electrically driven vehicles, equipped with electric motors on the four wheels, consisting of a combined electric-hydraulic system including at least one hydraulic circuit mated to at least one pressure transducer or sensor connected to control centers for the electric motors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a brake disk arrangement for a yarn tensioning device wherein at least one of a pair of opposed facing brake disks can be acted upon by a variable pressing force in the direction of the other brake disk. According to the present invention, rotary motion is transmitted from one brake disk to the other in a simple manner, without affecting the brake force, by connecting to one of the brake disks a concentric magnet that is secured against relative rotation with respect to this brake disk, and by connecting to the other brake disk a concentrically arranged body of hysteresis material which is secured against relative rotation with that brake disk. At least the brake disk that can be acted upon the variable pressing force comprises a nonmagnetic material and is changeable in position axially relative to the magnet or the hysteresis material associated with the disk. In alternate embodiments, both brake disks may be provided with a magnet.

Abstract: A multi-disk braking device for a vehicle, particularly a train equipped with a braking retarder, includes a first set of metallic braking disks and a second set of carbon braking disks. Under normal operation of the train, the braking retarder is used to slow the train to a predetermined relatively slow speed, and the metallic disks are then actuated to complete the stop. If the braking retarder fails, the carbon disks, not used in normal operation, are actuated to bring the train to a slow speed or to a complete stop.

Abstract: A brake control system mounted in an electrical vehicle for controlling a hydraulic brake and a regenerative brake. The hydraulic brake generates a hydraulic pressure depending on an amount of depression of a brake pedal so as to mechanically brake at least drive wheels. The regenerative brake brakes the drive wheels due to a regeneration of a running motor. A reducing valve is provided in a hydraulic pressure transmission path to the drive wheels to be braked by the hydraulic brake. The reducing valve is opened when the hydraulic pressure genrated in a cylinder is at least a valve open value to allow a hydraulic pressure transmission to drive wheel pipings. An ECU calculates a regenerative torque command value depending on a pressure difference between the front and rear of the reducing valve, detected by a sensor, and controls the regenerative brake on the basis of the regenerative torque command value.

Abstract: A two-speed drive utilizing an electromagnetically operated control system wired with respective drive motors, automatically braked in the event of a loss of power, provided with pre-assembled clutch and brake disc stacks, and provided with a manual over-ride. A primary drive motor is connected at one end to an external drive shaft and at an opposite end to a primary clutch drive shaft. The primary clutch drive shaft is connected with a first set of discs of an oil shear clutch disk stack. A secondary clutch drive shaft is connected with a second set of discs of the clutch disk stack. The clutch disc stack is biased by springs to be in a normally clamped mode which is released by a clutch electromagnetic coil assembly. The secondary clutch drive shaft is connected by a gear reducer to a shaft which is connected at one end to a secondary drive motor, and at the other end to a first set of discs of an oil shear brake disk stack. A second set of discs of the brake disk stack is connected to a housing component.

Abstract: A vehicle brake having an electrically powered actuator and a parking brake is provided which, in a preferred embodiment, includes an electric motor with a rotor torsionally associated with the actuator for applying brake shoes, springs for returning the brake shoes to a released position, a first friction plate torsionally associated with the rotor, a second friction plate for selective mating with the first friction plate, torsionally fixed with respect to the rotor, a parking brake actuator, a parking brake shaft powered for rotation by the parking brake actuator, and a cam associated with at least one of the friction plates and the parking brake shaft whereby rotation of the parking shaft translates into relative motion between the friction plates to position the friction plates together to lock or release the vehicle brake.

Abstract: A vehicle disc brake is provided which, in a preferred embodiment, includes a first caliper pivotally mounted with respect to the vehicle, a first brake shoe slidably mounted with respect to the first caliper for selective contact with a vehicle wheel rotor, an electric actuator to selectively move the first shoe into engagement with the rotor, an actuator plate mounted for relative motion with respect to the vehicle and operatively associated with the first caliper wherein movement of the first caliper resultant of the first shoe engagement with the rotor causes the actuator plate to move, a second caliper generally locationally fixed with respect to the vehicle wheel axis, a second brake shoe mounted by the second caliper operatively associated with the actuator plate for engagement with the rotor, and a ball captured in a ramp between the actuator plate and second brake shoe for converting movement of the actuator plate into movement of the second brake shoe to engage with the rotor.

Abstract: In a motor disc brake system using an electric motor as a drive source of a thrust generating device that can move a piston in advancing and retracting directions, a slide bearing is interposed between a piston and a brake caliper carrying the piston for receiving a side thrust which is applied from a friction pad to the piston during braking. This serves to suppress increase in the slide resistance of the piston even under the action of such side thrust, enabling a strong braking force to be provided with use of a motor of small capacity.

Abstract: A brake actuator has a housing (4) containing a pair of brake-applying members (9, 10) interengaged by way of a threaded connection (11) to form a strut of which the length is variable by rotation of one of the members. One (9) of the members has a gear formation (16) thereon meshing with a corresponding formation (22) on a drive gear (21). The formation (22) has an extended profile permitting simultaneous rotational and translational movements of the member (9) relative to the drive gear (21) so that rotation of the drive gear causes expansion and contraction of the strut for brake actuation. The brake actuator housing (4) is mounted at a location adjacent the wheel while a power unit (10) is carried by a suspension member (1) in order to decrease noise and vibration transmition.

Abstract: A servo-assisted device for operating a parking brake of a moto vehicle is described, consisting of a control lever for a brake cable or rod, mounted rotatably on a pivot, a ratchet mechanism adapted to permit rotation of the lever in a predetermined direction and a push button for disengaging the ratchet mechanism; the principal characteristic of the invention consists in the fact that the brake cable or rod is connected to the control lever through an actuator pivoted beneath the control lever and to a movable element of which the said brake cable is fixed.

Abstract: An automotive vehicle drum brake including a brake drum for connected to the vehicle wheel and a backing plate for connected to the vehicle. At least one brake shoe is and pivotally mounted with respect to the backing plate. A non-rotative nut mounted for linear motion with respect to said backing plate and has a pivotal connection with the brake shoe. A power screw is threadably engaged with the nut. An electric motor powers the power screw to turn the same to actuate the brakes. A parking brake mechanism is also provided by a coil spring which surrounds a drum which is connected with the power train from and including the electrical motor and the power screw. An actuator is provided to move the coil spring to an unwound position to allow the parking brake to release.

Abstract: An automotive vehicle drum brake is provided including a brake drum connected to a wheel. A backing plate is connected to the vehicle and at least one brake shoe is connected with the backing plate and is pivotally mounted with respect thereto. A non-rotative nut is mounted for linear motion with respect to the backing plate and is pivotally connected with respect to the brake shoe. A power screw is threadably engaged with the nut. The power screw is also mounted to the backing plate. An electric motor is torsionally connected with the power screw to turn the same to actuate the brakes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicle bump-avoiding brake machine and a structure affixed to a brake pedal for the brake machine to push the brake pedal, wherein a motor drives gears, which then drive a rack. it can be easily mounted in various vehicles in such a manner that the rack directly pushes a brake pedal. The brake pedal is equipped with a laterally extending, or a laterally extending and downward extending portion, and when the extending portion is pushed by the rack, the vehicle will brake. When an induction apparatus installed in front of or behind the vehicle or a switch installed on the steering wheel supplies electric current for the brake machine of the present invention, the rack will move forward and brake the vehicle.

Abstract: A regenerative and friction braking system for a vehicle having one or more roadwheels driven by an electric traction motor includes a driver responsive device for producing a brake demand signal having a magnitude corresponding to the level of braking force selected by the driver and friction and regenerative brakes operatively connected with the roadwheels of the vehicle. A system according to this invention further includes control means for operating the friction and regenerative braking subsystems so that maximum brake torques sustainable by the roadwheels of the vehicle without skidding or slipping will not be exceeded.

Abstract: The electrically actuated braking system (10) comprises a controller mechanism (14) that may be activated by a switch (12). The controller mechanism (14) sends a signal to an electric drive motor (20), and receives braking force signals from a sensor (16) connected to one of two braking members (18, 19) connected with the drive motor (20). The drive motor (20) is operated by the controller mechanism (14) in order to rotate a drive member (31) of a load-equalizing differential (30), the load-equalizing differential (30) being connected by a flexible drive connection mechanism (50) with the braking members (18, 19). The load-equalizing differential (30) comprises the drive member (31) having a plurality of circumferentially spaced-apart openings (34) each of which receives therein a ball member (36, 36A). Disposed about the drive member (31) and balls (36, 36A) and facing each other are two plates (40, 42) each of which is connected with a segment of the flexible drive connection mechanism (50).

Abstract: A braking system for a vehicle has a stepper motor which controls the application of friction elements to a rotating part such as a brake drum. A control circuit controls the motor so that an output member is positioned by the motor in accordance with a variable demand signal. In one application, the control circuit receives a brake pressure signal from a transducer and controls the motor so as to compensate automatically for brake wear. In another application, the motor controls a debooster of an antilock brake system. The system also may include means for operating a parking brake.

Abstract: An internal shoe drum brake has a body (1) carrying a plurality of circumferentially spaced friction elements (2) movable into engagement with a rotatable drum (3) by a hydraulic system including an actuator (5) having a pressure-applying cylinder (2) in which a pressure-generating piston (21) is driven by an electrical stepper motor (28), slave cylinders (4) which actuate the friction elements, and internal ducts (7, 8) for transmitting pressure from piston (21) to slave cylinders (4).

Abstract: The electrically operated drum brake (10) comprises an electric motor assembly (80, 180) disposed between opposing ends (62, 72) of two brake shoes (12, 14), the electric motor assembly (80, 180) replacing both the hydraulic wheel cylinder and the parking brake strut and lever. The electric motor assembly (80, 180) comprises a housing (82, 182) having an interior opening (84, 184) in which is disposed an electric motor (86, 186). The electric motor (86) drive a planetary gear assembly (91) which operates a screw mechanism (102) that engages an end (72) of an adjacent brake shoe (14), the housing (82) engaging the other brake shoe (12). An alternative embodiment includes an electric motor (186) which drives a bearing drive member (198), the bearing drive member (198) having a bearing track (200) which receives a plurality of bearing balls (205). The bearing balls (205) engage a fixed bearing track (187) on the housing ( 182) and also a curved surface (202) on a rotatable bearing member (201).

Abstract: Disclosed is a barrier for medical dressings which is impervious to blood or other body fluids. The barrier may be joined or pre-attached to the top surface of a medical dressing. The dressing may then be handled by the barrier and applied to a wound. The barrier prevents blood and other body fluids from penetrating the dressing and contacting a health care worker or other individual who may be treating the patient. A method for manufacturing the barriers for medical dressings is also disclosed.

Abstract: Braking unit for vehicle, of the type comprising an axial actuating helical spring maintained in release position, against its elastic reaction force, through a screw-nut system rotatively driven by an electric motor, the spring acting upon the brake through the intermediary of a hydraulic master cylinder of which the piston is axially connected to an abutment ring of the spring also mechanically connected, via a screw-nut system to the rotor of an electric motor, such an unit being applied to a spring braking system for a vehicle possibly with a built-in park brake.

Abstract: The electrically actuated cable mechanism (10) comprises a housing (12) disposed about the cable (15) and having a movable conduit (20) extending from one end and a stationary conduit (30) extending from the other end, each conduit (20, 30) being disposed about the cable (15). Located between the conduits (20, 30) and engaging the movable conduit (20) is a hollow screw (25) which is disposed about the cable (15). The hollow screw (25) has a non-circular end (27) received in a complementary shaped opening (18) of the housing (12) in order to prevent rotation of the hollow screw (25). An electric motor (40) drives rotatably a nut (35) which engages threads of the screw (25) so that rotation of the nut (35) by the motor (40) causes axial displacement of the hollow screw (25) and a corresponding displacement of the movable conduit (20) relative to the stationary conduit (30) and housing (12), which by reaction, causes the cable (15) to be displaced.

Abstract: A brake device comprising an ultrasonic motor having a rotor rotatable by an elastic traveling wave generated by a piezoelectric vibrator on a stator of the motor, and torque converting means for converting a rotating torque produced by said ultrasonic motor into a pressing force for pressing a friction member against a member to be braked, which pressing force is transmitted to said friction member.

Abstract: The trailer brake control system for use in a trailer which is adapted to be towed by a towing vehicle. The trailer includes an electrically operated braking mechanism and the towing vehicle includes a brake pedal, at least one brake light, and a brake switch operated by the brake pedal to energize the brake light. The control system includes a short circuit indicator circuit to provide a short circuit signal when a short circuit condition is detected in the trailer brake mechanism. A manual switch is also provided to manually actuate the trailer brake mechanism and to provide a manual brake actuation signal. A second circuit including a NOR gate provides a variable amplitude brake actuation signal in response to the concurrent closure of the brake switch, the absence of a manual brake actuation signal, and the absence of a short circuit signal. An indicator light is responsive to the brake actuation signal to provide a signal indicative of brake actuation.

Abstract: The electrically operated drum brake (10) comprises an electric motor assembly (80, 180) disposed between opposing ends (62, 72) of two brake shoes (12, 14), the electric motor assembly (80, 180) replacing both the hydraulic wheel cylinder and the parking brake strut and lever. The electric motor assembly (80, 100) comprises a housing (82, 182) having an interior opening (84, 184) in which is disposed an electric motor (86, 186). The electric motor (86) drives a planetary gear assembly (91) which operates a screw mechanism (102) that engages an end (72) of an adjacent brake shoe (14), the housing (82) engaging the other brake shoe (12). An alternative embodiment includes an electric motor (186) which drives a bearing drive member (198), the bearing drive member (198) having a bearing track (200) which receives a plurality of bearing balls (205). The bearing balls (205) engage a fixed bearing track (187) on the housing ( 182) and also a curved surface (202) on a rotatable bearing member (201).

Abstract: The electrically actuated disc brake (10) comprises a caliper (12) having a bore (16) receiving therein an actuating mechanism (90), and an electric motor (40) attached to the caliper housing (12). The actuating mechanism (90) comprises a planetary gear mechanism (50) which includes a sun gear (52), planetary gears (54), and a pair of ring gears (70, 80). An actuator sleeve (68) is disposed about the ring gears (70, 80) and contains a helical groove (69) disposed opposite a complementary-shaped helical groove (89) in a rotatable ring gear (80). The helical grooves (69, 89) receive therebetween a bearing mechanism (85) biased by a spring (87) toward a fixed stop (86) located within the helical grooves (69, 89).

Abstract: A brake assurance circuit via which a magnet valve device is deenergized to exhaust brake pipe pressure independently of the locomotive brake valve device in order to apply braking any time the proper operating status of the locomotive brake valve is changed after the locomotive is underway. A pressure switch responsive to the cut-in and cut-out setting of the manual selector valve associated with the brake valve senses the locomotive status and connects one of two possible circuits to the magnet valve device in parallel with a primary circuit having a speed responsive switch. Once locomotive movement is underway, the primary circuit drops out and the effective circuits selected by the pressure switch maintains the magnet valve energized provided the selected pressure switch setting is not changed.

Abstract: The present invention is a braking value transmitter with a pedal to modulate the braking pressure. The pedal is braced against a spring. The force exerted by the pedal or the position of the pedal is sensed by an electronic sensor. The output signal of the sensor is fed to an electronic system, which transforms the approximately linear characteristic of the sensor into a progressive characteristic.

Abstract: An electrically operated parking brake actuator for use with vehicles includes a motor operated driver member and an associated driven member. Each of the driver member and driven member is mounted for rotation about the same pivot pin and each is connected to a cable. Each cable is associated with a parking brake member. The motor operates the driver to drive the driven member which, in turn, tensions its associated cable to apply its associated parking brake member. This cable tension reacts through the actuator and drives the driver member in the opposite direction to tension the other cable and apply its associated brake.

Abstract: A setpont adjuster for a brake pedal in a motor vehicle to control an electric brake system. The setpoint adjuster includes a displacement sensor and a force sensor in parallel-connection, in which the force sensor supplies the reference value. Electronic main circuits are connected subsequently to the sensors and test the signals of the sensors for reasonableness according to different criteria and control a warning light in case of a fault.

Abstract: The friction member (4a) is actuated, via a piston mechanism (5), by an assembly consisting of a wedge (12) and of rollers (14), put into operation as a result of the rotation of a control shaft (11) driven by an electric motor (8) under the supervision of a force or pressure sensor (23) associated with one of the surfaces of ramps (16) interacting with the rollers (14).

Abstract: A vehicle supported for rolling movement on a track by a first set of wheels driven by an electric motor and a second unpowered set of wheels is provided with an improved braking system. The braking system includes a brake pedal which can be depressed to generate a brake demand signal, a regenerative braking system associated with the electric motor, and a friction braking system attached to the unpowered wheels. Control circuitry which regulates the operation of the two brake systems serves normally to actuate the regenerative braking system in response to the brake demand signal and to actuate the friction braking system only when the brake demand signal exceeds a predetermined level which corresponds normally to the maximum regenerative braking available. Under slippery rail conditions, a detector indicates slippage of the wheels relative to the rails during regenerative braking, and immediately actuates the friction braking system to produce additional braking in proportion to the brake demand signal.

Abstract: A deceleration control system in which an operator's brake valve device provides corresponding pneumatic and electric brake demand signals in accordance with a selected handle position, the pneumatic brake demand signal controlling a blending valve device to establish the maximum level of friction braking, while the electric brake demand signal is compared to an actual rate of retardation signal to provide a rate error signal that acts via a transducer of the blending valve to reduce the effective friction braking to the extent that the rate of retardation exceeds the brake demand. The electric brake demand signal is limited in accordance with a speed/adhesion characteristic, while a further circuit slip modulates the brake demand signal.

Abstract: For the control of a brake unit for automotive vehicles, electric signals are generated dependent on the operation of the brake pedal. The signals are processed in an electronic circuit (8) and logically linked to sensor signals containing information on the brake power, the braking effect and/or on the rotational behavior of the individual wheels. Electrically actuatable wheel brakes (1, 2, 3, 4, 32, 33) equipped with an electric drive (M) are controlled by the generated signals. Through a second brake system, brake power is transmitted by the brake pedal (5, 5') either simultaneously or upon overcoming a threshold value to the wheels of one axle, preferably to the front wheels, i.e. front right, front left wheels (VR, VL), the brake power becoming, however, effective exclusively in the event of a fault or a failure of the electrical brake system or of the electric power supply.

Abstract: Electrical circuit configurations are described for the operation of an electrically powered actuator in an emergency to drive the actuator to a predetermined position. In particular the actuator is connected to apply friction brakes of a railway vehicle. The configurations have in common are emergency power circuit connected between an emergency power source and the actuator, means for breaking the power circuit when the actuator reaches the emergency position and latching means to prevent run-back. Preferably and in order to minimize size and weight the emergency power source is of limited capacity, sufficient for, say, two such emergency applications and is recharged from a normal power supply; the recharging circuit being interlocked with the latching means such that the actuator may not be released from the emergency position unless the power source has sufficient charge for at least one further emergency operation.

Abstract: An emergency brake system for a vehicle, the system including an actuator rotatable upon operation of the service brake, a follower rotatable coaxially with the actuator and normally maintained out of the path of actuator movement, and a sensor sensing malfunction of the service brake to shift the follower into the path of actuator movement, the follower being connected to the parking brake for operation of the latter by the actuator in response to a service brake malfunction.

Abstract: A generator adapted to be driven by rotational forces applied to the wheel of an automotive vehicle or the like comprising a stator coupled to the vehicle frame and a rotor which includes wheel mounting structure so that the rotor is adapted to be effectively driveably coupled to the wheel. The rotor includes a cup-shaped body telescopically received over the stator coaxially with the axis of rotation, with a plurality of axially spaced circumferential arrays of magnets being mounted internally of the cup-shaped rotor body. A plurality of core assemblies are mounted on the stator in axially spaced positions corresponding to the circumferential magnet arrays. A disc brake flange projects from the rotor body and is adapted to cooperate with disc brake calipers carried by the vehicle frame for applying braking forces to the wheel.In a charging system for the energy storage batteries of an electrically powered vehicle or the like, the batteries comprise individual low voltage batteries connected in series.

Abstract: This invention relates to a brake assembly having a brake housing and wheel shaft rotatable in the housing. There is provided an armature plate in the housing secured to and rotatable with the shaft. Also provided is a movable actuator in the housing movable rotatably from an inoperative position to an operative position closer to the armature plate. An electromagnet is provided either directly mounted to the movable actuator or indirectly via a mechanical linkage. When the electromagnet is energized it causes the actuator to rotate with the armature plate and thereby move to an operative position where it forces a stationary brake disc and rotatable brake disc into engagement to achieve a braking action. This engagement is released upon de-energization of the electromagnet.

Abstract: A braking system utilizing a hydrodynamic brake has a control circuit that adjust the torque exerted by the hydrodynamic brake to adjust the deceleration of the axle on which the hydrodynamic brake is mounted toward a desired value of deceleration, which desired value may be zero.

Abstract: Strain gauge devices are mounted on the brake shoe carrying levers of an underground mine winding engine to sense induced strain and effective braking force when the brake is applied. A summation unit adds outputs from strain gauges. Indicators are operated by the result to indicate the effective braking force. A comparator compares the result with predetermined desired braking levels. Controls prevent release of other brake devices until the effective braking force exceeds a preselected magnitude.

Abstract: A vehicle braking system with regenerative braking and conventional braking, the system integrating the two braking forces to obtain a consistent total braking effort and brake pedal feel when the regenerative braking force decreases with the decrease in vehicle speed.

Abstract: A hydraulic parking brake with an electric actuator is provided for an automotive vehicle and is adapted for use with a hydraulic brake system in the vehicle. A manually operated switch engages an electric motor which drives a ram to increase hydraulic pressure to force the caliper pads or brake shoes of a brake into engagement with a brake disk or drum. The electric motor is equipped with associated limit switches, which disengage the motor following operation to prescribed limits. A torsion spring is part of the mechanism that activates the hydraulic master cylinder. This spring holds hydraulic pressure within a range of pressure values adequate to hold the brake and still avoid damage to the brake components. This ensures that the electric motor can travel far enough to activate the limit switches.