Abstract: A brake disc (10) has a cover (12) made of a cast aluminium alloy and a brake ring (14) made of cast steel or cast iron. The cover (12) is cast onto pockets (22) which have a radially inwardly facing pocket opening next to the pocket edge (26), formed on the internal circumference (U.sub.i) of the brake ring, creating a radial distance (b) between the cover (12) and the brake ring (14). The pocket edge (26) is surrounded by the cast cover (12) and the pockets (22) are substantially filled with the cast aluminium alloy. Because of this method of connecting the brake ring (14) to the cover (12), umbrella-like distortion can be largely avoided.

Abstract: A copper series sintered friction material is provided including a foundation constituted by copper alloy powder and containing hard phases and solid lubricant components dispersed uniformly, and exhibits a friction coefficient of 0.3 or more stably without seizure when the sintered friction material frictionally slides against titanium or a titanium alloy in the atmosphere, the foundation containing at least one additive element selected from Zn, Ni, Al, Fe, and Mo.

Abstract: A slip element installable about a downhole tool apparatus for use in anchoring a downhole tool in a wellbore. The slip element has at least one slip button made of a metallic-ceramic composite material comprising an effective percentage by weight of a preselected titanium compound. The composite makes the slip button resistant to chipping upon setting but has favorable drillability characteristics upon drilling the downhole tool from a wellbore. The slip element may include at least one slip element made of a non-metallic material such as a laminated nonmetallic composite material. Preferably at least one slip button is made of a metallic-ceramic composite material comprising less than about 75 percent by weight of titanium carbide having a density ranging between about 5 to 7 grams per cubic centimeter. Preferably, the slip button is cylindrically shaped and is installed in at least one slip element at a preselected angle and extends outwardly at a preselected distance from a face of the slip element.

Abstract: An integrated brake pad and back plate having a brake pad section formed from a first fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite (FRCMC) material and a back plate section formed from a second FRCMC material. The brake pad and back plate are integrated because the sections are molded together to form an integral, unitary structure. The first FRCMC material used in the brake pad section includes a pre-ceramic resin in its ceramic state, fibers and possibly a filler material. The types and amount of these constituents are generally chosen so as to impart characteristics desirable in brake pads, such as high temperature and erosion resistance, and a high coefficient of friction. The second FRCMC material used in the back plate section includes a pre-ceramic resin in its ceramic state and fibers.

Abstract: A roller brake or drum brake for a two-wheeler includes a guide case rotating with a wheel, a ring of a sintered copper alloy that is fixedly fitted into the guide case, and a brake shoe of an iron material that is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the ring thereby exhibiting a braking effect. The sintered copper alloy forming the ring contains hard particles dispersed in the interior of respective grains of copper alloy powder forming the matrix.

Abstract: A friction pad for a brake assembly is disclosed. The pad comprises a friction material having a surface adapted for contact with a brake component such as a rotor or drum. The surface has a coating thereon, which comprises abrasive particles having a Mohs hardness of 5.5 to 7.5 and abrasive particles having a Mohs hardness of 8.0 to 9.5.

Abstract: An elevator safety brake for stopping an elevator car is provided with a brake shoe having a fused sprayed friction coating for contacting an elevator guide rail surface to provide a stopping force. In a preferred embodiment, the coating is obtained by plasma spraying an admixture of 85 weight percent nickel-chromium alloy particles and 15 weight percent tungsten carbide particles on a substrate. The plasma sprayed admixture is fused. The fused sprayed friction surface of the brake exhibits a consistent high friction and low wear suitably accommodating high speed, high load elevators installed in very tall buildings.

Abstract: A disc rotor formed of flaky graphite cast iron in which the natural frequency of the disc rotor is set by the graphite length in the flaky graphite cast iron structure.For preventing resonant vibrations ascribable to the self-excited vibrations of the component parts of disc brakes, such as pads, the natural frequency of the disc rotor are shifted from the frequency of excited vibrations of the component parts of disc brakes, such as pads.

Abstract: A brake component wherein at least a portion of said brake component is a ceramic metal composite (CMC), the CMC having an interconnected ceramic phase and a noncontiguous metal phase dispersed within the interconnected ceramic phase. In particular, a CMC of dense boron carbide-aluminum composite having high specific heat and low density is described.

Abstract: A brake rotor includes a radially inner hub or hat section having a central mounting face for mounting the rotor on an associated drive member, with an outer friction portion extending from the cylindrical hat wall. The outer friction portion includes a pair of opposite, flat annular friction rings adapted to interface with associated friction members. The outer friction portion of the rotor further includes a core extending radially outwardly from the cylindrical hat wall of the hat section. A layer of a sound dampening material is secured between the pair of outer friction ring sections and the core. The rotor of the invention transmits less noise than conventional rotors.

Abstract: A structural fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material adapted for high temperature brake use is disclosed as used for the entirety of components of a brake system and as brake pads which can be used in the normal manner for brake pads. Also disclosed is a method of integrally molding the brake pads to the surfaces of metal brake parts.

Abstract: A disk pad type brake comprises a rotor disk provided with a carbon-carbon composite material (a) as a friction member, and at least one pad provided with a carbon-carbon composite material (b) as a friction member, wherein the difference in thermal conductivity between the materials (a) and (b) is 30 to 450 W/m.multidot.K in the radial direction; and a multi-disk type brake comprises at least one rotor disk provided with a carbon-carbon composite material (c) as a friction member, and at least one stator disk provided with a carbon-carbon composite material (d) as a friction member, wherein the difference in thermal conductivity between the materials (c) and (d) is 30 to 450 W/m.multidot.K in the radial direction.

Abstract: A composition brake shoe is used in a railway freight vehicle for reconditioning a wheel surface of a railway freight vehicle. Such brake shoe includes a brake surface having a predetermined configuration and a predetermined surface area. The composition brake shoe consists of a first friction composition material extending over the surface area of such composition brake shoe. A second friction type composition material is formed as a discrete insert, having a predetermined shape, and is molded into the first friction composition material. Such second friction composition material initially is completely embedded within the first friction composition material. One surface of the insert is disposed facing the predetermined surface area of the brake surface of the composition brake shoe. Such one surface of the insert being incrementally exposed as the first friction composition material is eroded away due to frictional engagement with the wheel tread surface during normal braking operations.

Abstract: This invention relates to metal and ceramic matrix composite brake rotors comprising an interconnected matrix embedding at least one filler material. In the case of metal matrix composite materials, the at least one filler material comprises at least about 26% by volume of the brake rotor for most applications, and at least about 20% by volume for applications involving passenger cars and trucks. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the metal matrix composite brake rotor comprises an interconnected metal matrix containing at least about 28% by volume of a particulate filler material and more preferably at least about 30% by volume. Moreover, the composite rotors of the present invention exhibit a maximum operating temperature of at least about 900.degree. F. and preferably at least about 950.degree. F. and even more preferably at least about 975.degree. F. and higher.

Abstract: A structural fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material adapted for high temperature brake use is disclosed as used for the entirety of components of a brake system and as brake pads which can be used in the normal manner for brake pads. Also disclosed is a method of integrally molding the brake pads to the surfaces of metal brake parts.

Abstract: A manual hoist and traction machine wherein an outer diameter of a first lining plate constituting a mechanical brake is made smaller than an inner diameter of a driven disc of a handwheel. The outer diameter of a second lining plate and of a driven disc are made smaller than an inner diameter of a cylindrical portion of a braking ratchet wheel, and the first and second lining plates are formed of a lining raw material having improved performance with a compressive strength of 15 (Kgf/mm.sup.2) or more and a maximum strain of 12 (10.sup.-3 mm/mm) or more.

Abstract: A brake disc, for a disc brake assembly comprising at least one portion affording a wear surface, said portion comprising a rigid porous ceramic body infiltrated with a light metal alloy.

Abstract: In a conventional frictional force transmitting device used in a vacuum, a problem has arisen when the device performs a sliding action over a certain distance, that is, its frictional force suddenly drops, which makes it impossible for the device to fulfill a desired function of braking. The above-mentioned problem in the frictional force transmitting device used in a vacuum for performing the function of braking, transmitting a frictional force, and effecting acceleration or deceleration, can be solved by improving the device, that is, by means of making its two opposing frictional elements so as to be selectively pressed against each other, in which one of the frictional elements is made of metal or of non-metallic materials and the other made of organic frictional materials, wherein the one of the frictional element made of metal or nonmetallic materials has surface roughness coarser than 3 microns in maximum height(Rmax) and is coarser than the other made of organic frictional materials.

Abstract: In the case of a friction lining, intended in particular for brake systems and comprising a friction element consisting of asbestos-free friction lining material and an abrasive element consisting of abrasive material with a thermosetting binder on the basis of natural or synthetic resin, it is provided that an abrasive element is incorporated in the friction element which, as wear of the friction lining advances, enables the frictional properties of the surface which presses against the lining to be regenerated at intervals.

Abstract: Friction material pads for use in a brake system with an aluminum-metal matrix composite rotor wherein a brake application can create operational temperatures that approach 450C. The formulation of the composition for the friction pads is generically a basic non-asbestos organic formula modified to include a high abrasive content, solid lubricant package, and a porous copper powder. The porous copper powder which makes up from 2-18 percent by weight the friction pads has a nominal diameter of 0.20 mm. The porous copper powder proportionally responds to temperature and mechanical forces generated during a brake application by deforming and smearing to aid in the formation of a glaze between the engaging surfaces of the friction pads and aluminum-metal matrix composite rotor. This glaze prevents scoring of the aluminum-based rotor while at the same time maintaining a substantial stable coefficient of friction of approximately 0.4 during brake applications over a wide range of speeds and deceleration rates.

Abstract: A mechanical brake for a hoist and traction machine, which is provided with brake releasing force control layers at braking surfaces of a driving member opposite to lining plates. Each of the brake releasing force control layers comprising a heat-treated plating layer made of nickel phosphate, nickel chromium or chromium, so that the surface condition of each braking surface of the driving member can be controlled and the surface hardness can be controlled, whereby an initial force for the brake releasing during the lowering of a load or the releasing traction of a load is adapted to be lower.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a combination of composite brake rotors or clutches and a brake pad where the composite rotor or clutch is composed of a low density metal and particles of a nonmetallic material. Specifically the rotors or clutches are comprised of a metal matrix comprising aluminum or magnesium or alloys thereof homogenously mixed with a refractory ceramic, such as silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron nitride or aluminum oxide among others. The composite brake rotors and clutches are very durable and have greatly increased thermal conductivities which improve brake and clutch performance. The rotors or clutches are manufactured by casting, followed by diamond cutting and finally followed by surface burnishing to smooth and condition the surface of the rotor or clutch. The brake pad may be comprised of at least cupric oxide, antimony sulfide, silicon alumina alloy, barium sulfate, kevlar, zinc sulfide, coke, and graphite.

Abstract: An automotive disc brake assembly comprises a disc rotor made of graphite cast iron with a structure of pearlite, and a brake pad made of organic material. The disc rotor has a first thermal conductivity falling in a range from 0.090 to 0.140 cal/cm.sec..degree.C. The brake pad has second thermal conductivity falling in a range from 0.65 to 3.00 Kcal/mh.degree.C. The second thermal conductivity falls in a range from 0.65 to 0.98 Kcal/mh.degree.C. provided that the second thermal conductivity satisfies the following relationship with the first thermal conductivity:.lambda..sub.R .gtoreq.-0.152.times..lambda..sub.P +0.24where, .lambda..sub.R is first thermal conductivity, and .lambda..sub.P is the second thermal conductivity. The disc brake assembly is successful in improving heat check resistance ability which is substantially influenced by thermal conductivity of the disc rotor and the brake pad.

Abstract: A friction material for making brake pads or brake disks is formed by mixing metallic fiber and/or aramid fibers as a main component, a filler material and a binder agent for binding the main component and the filler. The metallic fiber includes at least copper fibers and/or copper alloy fibers. The filler includes one or more inorganic substances having a plane netlike crystal structure. The inorganic substances having the plane netlike crystal structure include mica, talc, vermiculite, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, agalmatolite, kaolin, chlorite, sericite, iron hydroxide, and montmorillonite.

Abstract: An overhang type electromagnetic clutch used for selectively connecting the rotation of an internal combustion engine to a compressor for an air conditioning system for an automobile. The clutch is provided with a rotor having a sliding surface axially spaced from an outer end of a pulley arranged around the rotor. A bit, which initially is in contact with the sliding surface at a location spaced from the axis of the rotation of the rotor, is radially moved while the rotor is rotated, so that radially spaced apart tool marks eccentric to the axis of the rotation of rotor and having a gradually increased radius are formed on the entire region of the sliding surface. An increased engagement of the sliding surface with an armature is obtained due to the provision of engagements in the circumferential direction.

Abstract: A pivoting and sliding closure assembly is provided which rides in a guide channel of a frame upon a pivot shoe assembly which at one end securely pivots a closure member upon one pivot shoe when the closure is pivoted away from the channel, and which latches the closure member in a slidable position when the closure member is pivoted to its latched position. The pivot shoes are connnected together in the assembly and unique cam structures and rollers are incorporated in the assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to friction pairs of machine parts.A friction element of a friction pair comprises a three-dimensional framework (1) embedded in a matrix (2) in the zone of the friction surface (4).The framework (1) is made from a wear-resistant material and the matrix (2) from a material with high heat conductivity coefficient. The framework (1) has a cellular shape formed by a honeycomb structure, a corrugated strip and the like. The framework rises partially above the surface of the matrix forming, together with the latter, a friction surface (4) possessing a regular microrelief. The area of the framework (1) rising above the matrix (2) diminishes proportionally in the direction from the maximum load zone towards the minimum load zone.The invention can be used in braking mechanisms, in particular in brake disks and drums of passenger cars, in disks of friction clutches and the like.

Abstract: A mating plate in a friction engagement device comprises a steel core plate provided with a chromium plating whereby kinetic friction coefficient is improved and its change with the passage of time may be suppressed.

Abstract: A brake disk for motor vehicle disk brakes, comprising a disk rim with at least one friction ring, and an inner cup on which the disk rim is fastened. The disk rim and the inner cup consist of cast materials. In order that the inner cup and the disk rim can be produced more simply and correspond better to the different thermal and mechanical stresses, the inner cup preferably consists of a material of high tensil strength than the material of the disk rim. The disk rim is fastened to the cup by means of ribs provided on the inner cup, the material of the disk rim positively clasping the ribs in a radial direction during casting.

Abstract: A brake for vehicle wheels which includes a generally stationary brake part and a rotatable brake part adapted for cooperative braking interaction, the generally stationary brake part and rotatable brake part each respectively carrying a layer of friction material, the generally stationary and rotatable brake parts being positioned with the friction material layers in opposing relationship to each other, a hydraulic cylinder and position for forcefully moving the generally stationary brake part toward the rotatable brake part to effect braking therebetween through frictional contact of the friction material layers, the rotatable brake part layer being plastic-bonded organic friction material, and the generally stationary brake part layer being ceramic material.

Abstract: Clutch and brake components especially adapted for use in electromagnetic semblies (50) includes a first disc (56) or plate having a ground surface (58) comprising parallel surface features and a second disc or plate (64) having a turned surface (66) comprising circular or spiral features. Excellent static and dynamic frictional coefficients are achieved. Preferably, the ground (58) and turned (66) surfaces have roughness of between Ra 3 and 300. A wide variety of variously alloyed steels may be utilized to fabricate the clutch or brake components.

Abstract: A friction material (1) comprising a flame sprayed metal film (4) in an amount of 10 mg/cm.sup.2 which is formed on at least whole range of outer peripheral side of an annular friction surface (3) provided at center with large diameter hole (2), of which radial length (B) is one-third of radial length (A) from outer periphery of said friction surface (3) to said large diameter hole (2).

Abstract: The invention is directed to a brake band for bringing the saw chain of a chain saw to standstill. Chain saws include safety devices which bring the saw chain to standstill by applying a brake band to a brake drum. These safety devices effect numerous applications of the brake band to the brake drum so that the brake drum wears rapidly and has only a short service life. The brake band of the invention has a friction side which is provided with a layer made of an oxide ceramic which increases the service life for very short braking times even when oil penetrates the region between the brake band and the brake drum.

Abstract: Improved friction pads for use with disc brake. The pad has a central main portion and a peripheral portion which are formed of different matrices having different compositions. The matrix of the central main portion contains a hard substance or substances having a specified range of hardness whereas the matrix of the peripheral portion does not contain such hard substances or contains in only a limited smaller amount than the central main portion. This prevents the brake disc from wearing due to friction with the pad and thus avoids uneven abrasion of the brake disc.

Abstract: A friction brake of a type which comprises at least one friction element and a counter-friction element frictionally engageable with the friction element. One of the friction and counter-friction elements is made of carbon and the other of the friction and counter-friction elements is comprised of at least two first and second portions both engageable simultaneously with such one of the friction and counter-friction elements during a braking operation. The first portion of such other of the friction and counter-friction elements is made of the same carbon material and the second portion thereof is made of ferrous material.

Abstract: A brake disc material which does not crack under a great braking action, such as in a large-sized truck, consisting of 0.03 percent to 1 percent of carbon, 1.2 percent to 20 percent of chromium, and 0.1 percent to 1 percent of molybdenum, the balance being essentially iron.

Abstract: A support construction including a supporting bowl to receive a plurality of circumferentially disposed slips to engage and support a tubular member. The slips include at least one pair of slip inserts that are carried in axial grooves provided on the innermost surfaces of the slips, the inserts provided as a pair of cooperating, interengaging members, the innermost slip insert relative to the tube having inwardly extending teeth to engage the tube outer surface. The inner and outer slip inserts are made from materials having a different modulus of elasticity, the modulus of elasticity of the innermost slip insert, relative to the tube axis, having a modulus of elasticity from about 3 to about 7 times greater than that of the outer slip insert, relative to the tube axis.

Abstract: A brake element and system where the brake friction surface of the element is a refractory metal carbide. The brake element has a molded carbon structure for mechanical and structural strength and the friction surface or surfaces thereon are converted to refractory metal carbide. The refractory metal carbide is preferably silicon carbide and the depth of conversion is preferably from 0.015 inches to 0.15 inches.

Abstract: A rotor of a disc brake is coated with a nickel coating containing ceramic particles in a dispersed state and having a thickness not less than 2 .mu.m, thereby improving corrosion resistance while minimizing torque fluctuation of the rotor during braking. The nickel coating is formed on the surface of the rotor by composite plating in which nickel and the ceramic particles are simultaneously electrodeposited on the surface of the rotor. An annular jig surrounding the outer periphery of the rotor is used to insure a uniform coating thickness.

Abstract: A composite metal material for a friction brake composed of a sliding friction surface metal layer of grey cast iron and a layer of a high strength different metal having a crack transmission resistance. The grey cast iron and high strength different metal are metallurgically bonded together. In this composition metal material, cracks formed in the sliding friction surface metal layer are prevented from spreading by the high strength different metal having a high crack transmission resistance. An intermediate metal layer may be provided if desired.

Abstract: A stainless steel rotor for aviation applications has a preferred Rockwell Hardness of about 30 to about 35 to provide a suitable braking action. The adverse effects of galling are minimized through the provision of depressions on the braking surfaces of the rotor. Metal that is deformed on the braking surfaces or is separated therefrom as a result of frictional contact between the braking surfaces and the brake pads is moved into the depressions under the influence of the pads to keep the surfaces substantially free of deformations and accumulations of loose metal due to galling.

Abstract: An electromagnetic clutch is disclosed comprising a rotor and an armature plate with improved frictional surfaces. The armature plate is disposed to face the rotor with a predetermined axial gap. The rotor or the armature plate is provided with a contact surface which contains spiral concaves and projections with a predetermined pitch. This surface has a layer of metal plating with a hardness lower than that of the magnetic materials which make up the rotor and armature plate.

Abstract: A frictionally engaging device, such as a disc brake, includes a first and a second friction element which engage one another as the device is operated to reduce the extent of and/or eliminate relative movement between these elements. The first element consists of an organically bonded friction material suffering relatively more pronounced wear, and the second element is made of a metallic material, especially iron, which suffers lesser wear in operation. The extent of wear of the first element is reduced by applying a coating of a particulate material, especially such deposited by high kinetic energy impacting of the particles, on the frictional surface of the second element which cooperates with the first element. The coating advantageously contains metals, such as cobalt, chromium and/or nickel, and/or metal carbides, especially those of tungsten and chromium.

Abstract: A friction element with a riveted friction lining, especially for highly stressed drum brakes, in which the mating surface (5) of the friction lining (2) to the lining carrier (1) and/or the opposing surface (6) of the lining carrier (1) to the friction layer (2) is provided with a multiplicity of particles (7) which are harder than the material of the opposing surface (6) of the lining carrier (1).

Abstract: An electromechanical friction clutch and brake unit is disclosed for actuating and stopping a rotating element for example, an actuating shaft of the needle of a sewing machine. The clutch and brake unit has inside it a plurality of friction elements which are mutually engageable in substantial contact, with the interposition of oil of suitable viscosity, and the friction elements are made at least partly of on oil-impregnated, sintered, metallic material, so as to form reservoirs capable of supplying the oil by means of capillarity.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a braking arrangement for a chain saw and includes a brake band and a brake drum which form friction partners with their associated friction surfaces during braking. At least the friction surface of one of the friction partners includes a material which is resistant to conversion to martensitic structure. Particularly suitable materials are those having a cubic face-centered lattice structure, such as, for example, austenitic steel or chrome-nickel steel.

Abstract: A brake system of a semi-metallic friction material and a braking component is characterized in that the friction material contains a metallic fiber and/or a metallic powder, a part or all of which has a lower hardness than that of the braking component.

Abstract: Porous wear facings formed of a nodular plated metallic coating are useful as friction elements in wet clutches and the like. The wear and friction characteristics of the wear elements may be further modified for particular applications by coating with phenolic resins, optionally including wear particles.

Abstract: A disc brake pad comprises a plurality of sintered metallic friction elements, each having a braking surface area of less than 2 in.sup.2 (12.6 cm.sup.2) which are individually mounted on a steel plate or on a flexible carrier plate which is riveted at spaced points about its periphery to the back plate.

Abstract: A device designed for mounting cathode ray tube has the ability to both tilt and swivel in order to provide a most advantageous angle at a working station. A cross-piece is rotatably mounted in a base and a mounting plate is designed to tilt about the cross-piece, there being a frictional engagement between the cross-piece and a portion of the mounting plate. This frictional engagement has provision for varying the amount of friction so as to lock or allow varying difficulty of tilt depending on the weight of the device to be mounted and the desire of the operator. The device is designed for one-handed operation.