Abstract: A cooling structure of a power transmission apparatus is provided. The power transmission apparatus has an electromagnetic clutch including a fixed outer member with an exciting coil and a rotary inner member adapted to be fixed to the outer member by controlling electric energy provided to the exciting coil, and a gear device connected to the inner member of the electromagnetic clutch. A cooling apparatus is positioned between the outer member and a gear case member housing the gear device, for cooling both of the electromagnetic clutch and the gear device concurrently.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lubrication system for a one-way clutch which is provided with an inner ring, an outer ring, and an end bearing having an inner and outer peripheral walls and disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring. The end bearing is provided on a side wall thereof with convexities extending in an axial direction. The convexities are partly open, thereby forming flow passages through which a lube oil scattered from a side of the inner ring toward a side of the outer ring is allowed to flow into the one-way clutch.

Abstract: A wet friction member which can maintain boundary lubrication by decreasing the thickness of oil film on a friction surface even when the sliding velocity increases. In a case where the friction surface of the friction member is in pressure contact with a mated member while rotating in a state of boundary lubrications a shearing resistance owing to viscosity of cooling oil is circumferentially applied to cooling oil in outer grooves in the friction surface. Since outer grooves extend from starting position of intermediate portions of the friction surface and terminate at the outer peripheral edge in a volute shape toward the direction of rotation, cooling oil in the outer grooves flows along the groove walls and is quickly discharged from opening portions at the outer peripheral edge.

Abstract: An end bearing for a one-way clutch is disclosed. The end bearing is provided in its inner or outer peripheral wall with at least one lube oil groove which is oblique to a central axis of the one-way clutch to introduce a lube oil into the one-way clutch. The lube oil groove is formed with varied widths, depths and/or shapes in cross-section from an outer opening on a side opposite to clutch members to an inner opening on a side of the clutch members.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating internal brake energy in a fluid cooled brake of the type used in large work machines from easily sensed machine operating parameters. The temperature of the coolant is sensed before and after it passes through the brake. The coolant flow rate through the brake is determined from one or more additional sensed parameters, for example engine speed. The sensed parameters are used in a thermodynamic model of the brake which generates estimates of internal brake temperature (TEIB) and the amount of power absorbed by the brake (BRKP). Signals representing TEIB and optionally BRKP are generated to provide indications of brake operation and/or health. The model is executed on a digital computer either on-board the vehicle or at a remote location.

Abstract: A seal for use with an annular piston which may be used in a hydraulic system for actuating disc brakes or clutches of drivetrain subassemblies. The seal may be used with a piston having a relatively large average diameter and a relatively small radial thickness, with the piston being disposed, and axially moveable, within an annular passage having a pair of generally cylindrical, opposing side walls. The seal is made of an elastomeric material and comprises first and second annular flange portions having a first end attached to the base portion and a second, free end. Each of the flange portions diverge away from the base portion so as to dispose the corresponding free end in sealing engagement with one of the passage sidewalls. The base portion of the seal is bonded to an end surface of the piston and the seal further includes a plurality of circumferentially spaced ribs interconnecting the first and second flange portions.

Abstract: A disc brake caliper which includes a cooling fluid gallery which at least partially surrounds at least one of the brake operating piston and cylinder assemblies to cool the hydraulic fluid of any such assemblies. The gallery is constructed to provide thin side walls for piston and cylinder assemblies to maximize the cooling of the assemblies.

Abstract: A brake system for use with a rotatable mechanical load. The brake system includes a brake apparatus operative to selectively apply a braking torque to the load. The braking mechanism within the brake apparatus preferably includes a plurality of brake plates interleaved to form a brake plate assembly. The braking mechanism may be biased to normally engage the brake plates so that a predetermined braking torque is applied. In this case, braking torque is varied by controllably releasing engagement of the brake plates. The braking mechanism is preferably designed to apply full braking torque if wear of the brake plates exceeds a predetermined threshold. Heat generated during operation of the braking mechanism is preferably removed by coolant fluid. The coolant fluid may be supplied by a coolant pump driven by operative rotation of a pump drive shaft. A properly-sized flywheel is preferably coupled between the pump drive shaft and the device driving the pump drive shaft.

Abstract: A brake assembly, having a plurality of co-operating rotating and non-rotating brake discs, includes a dump valve mechanism, including a spool valve. The spool valve is adapted to move between first and second positions to close and open fluid communications between a fluid supply passage and a fluid dump passage. Excess cooling fluid supplied to a brake assembly when the brakes are inactive causes "brake drag" which wastes power and decreases machine efficiency. By dumping the cooling fluid to a fluid dump passage when the brakes are inactive, the "brake drag" is reduced.

Abstract: A wet-type friction clutch having universally shaped friction segments manufactured from a nearly scrapless process. Relative juxtaposition of the segments will achieved desired amounts of cooling fluid flow into and out of the friction discs with corresponding desired levels of hydrostatic pressure buildup between the discs.

Abstract: A composite cast caliper in which the body of the caliper is cast with an additional component embedded therein. The embedded or intra-cast component can be either a reinforcing structure to strengthen and prevent deflection of the caliper body or it can be a tube providing a coolant passage within the caliper. The coolant passage tube is connected to a source of coolant fluid for circulation through the caliper to remove heat therefrom. The embedded component is positioned within the casting mold by the use of a plurality of locating wires.

Abstract: A liquid cooled shock absorber unit for a vehicle having an outer cylinder surrounding a shock absorber cartridge forming an annular chamber connected to a source of liquid coolant through a plurality of coolant delivery tubes extending through the annular chamber so as to provide an even circulation of the coolant fluid through the annular chamber and to act as reinforcing strengthening members for the unit. The shock absorber unit is connected in a liquid cooling system separate from the vehicle engine cooling system.

Abstract: An improved internally liquid-cooled disc assembly for use in a disc braking system includes a one-piece disc casting having a plurality of cooling cells formed therein. Cooling liquid flows along an incoming flow path formed between an inner flange and a middle flange and, by centripetal force, is forced into the plurality of cooling cells via a corresponding plurality of flow tubes. The cooling liquid absorbs heat generated by a forced braking action against the one-piece disc casting and exits the plurality of cooling cells in a heated liquid/gas state. The heated cooling liquid/gas flows along an outgoing flow path formed between the middle flange and an outer flange. An optional propelling action is created along the incoming flow path by a plurality of impeller fins. An optional pumping action is created along the outgoing flow path by a plurality of stator vanes.

Abstract: A liquid-immersed disc brake has a housing containing rotatable and stationary members operated by a wedge device for brake actuation from actuating means. The brake is supplied with cooling liquid, of which the flow is controlled by a valve, a portion of which is incorporated into the housing. The valve is closed by action thereon of the actuator means and opened so as to admit cooling liquid to the brake as a result of the actuator means performing an actuating movement.

Abstract: In present day construction equipment, it is common practice to provide braking capability for each driven axle. The conduits that deliver the pressurized actuating fluid to the brake assemblies are normally mounted in close proximity to existing framework to protect them from contact with debris and other structure common to the environment in which a construction vehicle operates. In some of the more severe environments, this type of mounting does not afford the conduits adequate protection, and they have been known to suffer damage. The area most prone to damage in this situation is the area around the axle assembly where the conduits split to communicate the pressurized fluid to each brake assembly associated with each end of the axle. In the present invention, a fluid conduit assembly is provided that is mounted entirely within the internal cavity defined by the axle housing.

Abstract: A brake cooling system for applying a pre-cooling bath to the brake packs of a vehicle through a brake coolant valve having an actuating piston chamber. The brake cooling system is responsive not only to the application of operating pressure to the brake pedal but also to release of the throttle. To operate the brake cooling system in response to the throttle setting, the brake cooling system utilizes a cut-off valve having a transfer chamber. A signal feed conduit communicates between the transfer chamber and the actuating piston chamber in the brake coolant valve. A computerized control member provides pressurized control fluid to the actuating chamber of a modulator control valve. The pressure of the control fluid is established in response to the throttle setting. A hydraulic timer is provided to interrupt the entry of the signal pressure into the transfer chamber after a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: A fluid distribution device having a circuit including a first and a second duct between a common inlet and a common outlet. A third duct to the first duct and a fourth duct to the second duct. A one-way valve at each side of the connections from the third and fourth ducts to the first and second ducts enables flow from the inlet into each of the third and fourth ducts, but prohibits flow from the third and fourth ducts back to the inlet and only permits the latter flow out of the outlet. Various valves at the inlet and the outlet control pressure. A return path from the outlet to the inlet has a cooler in it. A reservoir supplies fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a disc brake for an automobile including a disc comprising an outer part made of carbon/carbon mounted to slide axially on an inner part fixed to a stub axle. Pads, configured as rings coaxial to the disc, define braking surfaces which totally cover the axial faces of the outer part. The pads, also preferably formed of carbon/carbon, are mounted in a pad support in the form of a cage thermally protected from the pads by radiators. Jacks are interposed between an annular shield of the pad support and one of the pads to shift the pad relative to the disc.

Abstract: An oil system is provided for a brake disk whose brake linings are provided with generally radial grooves through which oil flows from the radially inner portion of the disk to the radially outer portion of the disk. An oil collection channel is located radially outside of the brake linings and collects oil expelled from the brake linings for return through at least one return passage to the oil supply. The return passage is small enough to throttle the flow of oil when the brake is operating at high rotational speeds, but large enough to allow unhampered oil flow at low rotational speeds. This produces a back pressure in the oil collection channel at high rotational speeds, and to a lesser extent, in the grooves in the brake lining. This, in turn, improves lubrication of the brake linings at high speeds.

Abstract: A hydraulic wheel braking system for a vehicle includes wet disc wheel brakes that are applied by a single spring-activated piston within each brake housing. Each piston is selectively and variably disengaged from the brake discs by variable hydraulic pressure acting against the piston in opposition to spring pressure to enable controlled wheel rotation. During vehicle operation, brake fluid pressure at the pistons is controlled by a foot pedal-operated brake valve. A manually-operated parking and control valve assembly can selectively disable the brake valve and relieve hydraulic pressure at the pistons to spring-apply the pistons to the discs. The assembly acts to automatically spring-apply the pistons to the discs upon a loss of brake or transmission clutch fluid pressure.

Abstract: In a dynamometer, an internally cooled disc is utilized in a braking system which can apply a large amount of torque for an extended period of time. A hollowed braking disc comprising individual cooling cells is employed. Cooling liquid is injected into the center of the braking disc and, by centrifugal force, is forced into the cooling cells via a flow tube ring. The cooling liquid vaporizes in the cooling cells thus absorbing the heat generated. The vapor escapes the disc via vent holes. A unique torque measurement system is also utilized with its braking system. A resultant force, formed by the sum of individual forces upon braking pistons within the braking system, is measured utilizing a strain gauged load cell. The strain gauged load cell is strategically positioned to measure a resultant displacement of the braking caliper due to the applied torque.

Abstract: A brake or clutch assembly including a drum (18) and a transfer tube (36) for supplying hydraulic fluid to the drum (18). The transfer tube (36) includes a ring-like seal (59) for sealingly engaging the interface between the transfer tube (36) and the drum (18). A resilient O-ring (62), situated in a groove (64) on the transfer tube (36) and interposed between the ring-like seal (59) and the transfer tube (36), enables the ring-like seal (59) to cant relative to the transfer tube (36) without losing sealing engagement between the ring-like seal (59) and the transfer tube (36) and between the ring-like seal (59) and the drum (18).

Abstract: A braking member for a brake of the liquid cooled type is provided on at least one side with an annular reservoir for cooling liquid, and passages are arranged to control the release of liquid from the reservoir to braking surfaces in response to centrifugal force.

Abstract: To improve performance and to overcome dangerous problems of overheating in projectile looms, the loom brake has a cooler for dissipating the heat of braking and for reducing local temperature peaks. A coolant is guided in a flow into the vicinity of the braking surfaces. Appropriate cooling facilities can have air nozzles aimed at the braking surface, a liquid circuit supplying coolant to ducts within the brake shoes or tubes in heat-conductive contact with the brake shoes or heat pipes.

Abstract: In a self-energizing disc brake of the spreading type the actuator mechanism incorporates a restrictor in the form of a circumferentially extending discontinuous oil-seal which co-operates with radial faces on the two pressure plates. A secondary, or elevated, reservoir for liquid is therefore defined between said pressure plates by said oil-seal. Liquid can escape from this reservoir in order to enhance the cooling of the braking surfaces, defined by engagement of rotatable friction discs with end faces of a housing, pressure plates and a planar non-rotatable disc. In the brake shown in FIG. 6 two annular members act as seals on the ends of the outermost friction discs.

Abstract: A brake, clutch, or continuous slip device (12) having a pyrolytic carbon composite friction material (108) directly cooled by water or an ethylene glycol/water solution. Coolant of cooling device (12) may be tapped from a radiator (24) for a prime mover (14). The brake, clutch, or continuous slip device includes a plurality of interdigitated friction discs (74, 76) defining confronting friction surfaces (74b, 76B). One or both confronting friction surfaces have the pyrolytic carbon composite friction material bonded thereon. The material preferably has a bulk density of 0.7 to 1.2 grams/cc.

Abstract: A two-piece housing having a base section and a closure section, is mounted on a motor or other machine having a projecting shaft, and the housing encloses a series of annular brake discs mounted on a hub member which receives the shaft. The discs interfit between a series of non-rotating annular brake plates supported by the base section of the housing, and the hub member is also effective to circulate cooling oil within the housing and outwardly between the plates and discs. A non-rotating annular thrust plate and a set of circumferentially spaced springs are located adjacent the base section and compress the plates and discs together and against the closure section for braking the shaft. A set of circumferentially spaced solenoids are mounted on the closure housing section and have corresponding armature rods or members which extend axially into the housing to push the thrust plate against the springs when the solenoids are energized to release the plates and discs.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled disc brake for use in a vehicle having a rotatable shaft, at least one rotor fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, in which the rotor is unrotatable but slightly axially movable with respect to the shaft, a caliper secured to the vehicle body, having a first wall, a second wall positioned opposite to the first wall and a third wall. The caliper is substantially U-shaped in section with its inner peripheral side opening to thereby surround the whole perimeter of the rotor. The second wall of the caliper is made hollow so that the cooling liquid circulates freely through the hollow portion of the second wall. The disc brake further includes means for thrusting against the rotor provided at an inner side of the first wall of the caliper. The thrust means is operated at the time when the brake is performed.

Abstract: A self-energizing disc brake of the spreading type is disclosed. In the disc brake rotatable friction discs provided on opposite sides with linings are adapted to be brought into engagement with radial braking surfaces in a housing by an actuator assembly. The actuator assembly comprises pressure plates located between the discs and centered by pilot lugs, and balls located in oppositely inclined recesses in the adjacent faces of the pressure plates. At least the linings which engage with the pressure plates are separated into annular rings by an annular groove, and the groove is substantially coincident with a pitch circle of constant diameter upon which the recesses lie in an angularly spaced relationship. The groove increases the degree of cooling in the regions of the base of the recesses, thereby reducing the likelihood of hot spotting occurring in such regions.

Abstract: A circulating oil clutch comprises a casing inside which are a friction disk and generally annular pressure and reaction plates, one on each side of the friction disk. These plates are axially movable relative to each other so as to be able to clamp the friction disk between them. Control means are adapted to urge the pressure plate towards the reaction plate, which is adapted to support the assembly axially. Oil circulation channels on the backs of the pressure and reaction plates form parts of a common oil circulation circuit.

Abstract: A disc for use as a rotor (10) or stator (18) in a multiple-disc brake. The disc (10) has an annular peripheral band (15) provided with a series of circumferentially spaced through slots (12) which open through a periphery of the disc. Each slot is defined by edges (13, 13a) which extend away from the periphery across the annular peripheral band (15) and are inclined in opposite directions (.alpha.) to a given radius (14) of the disc extending therebetween so that the slot tapers in a radial sense.A multiple disc brake is also provided which has a housing (46, 47) containing oil or other coolant which encloses a disc stack in the form of interleaved sets of rotor (10) and stator (18) discs.

Abstract: A friction disc for use in multiplate friction wet clutch packs in automatic transmissions for vehicles or other friction clutch applications wherein an annular core plate is segmented with interlocking end portions to form a ring, and the friction facings are also segmented and are bonded to the core plate with the facing segments overlapping the interlocking ends of the core plate segments. Also, the ends of the friction facing segments may be interlocked or slightly spaced apart to form oil channels therebetween, and openings may be formed in the core pieces to intersect circumferentially offset radial channels opening into opposite edges of the friction segment to form oil passages into the disc.

Abstract: A forced cooling friction brake or clutch apparatus which has a plate stack of interleaved plates including at least one plate rotatable with a shaft and axially shiftable thereon, and at least one plate axially shiftable on a housing. A pressure plate is axially juxtaposed with the stack and axially shiftable on the housing and defines a pressurizable compartment which can be subjected to fluid pressure to urge the pressure plate against the stack. An annular carrier on the shaft inwardly of the stack engages plates of the stack rotatable with the shaft, the carrier having an annular cavity opening axially to one side thereof and being formed with radial passages communicating with the cavity and opening toward the stack. A coolant channel is formed in the housing and opens toward the side of the carrier and into the cavity for delivering a forced flow of a coolant thereto.

Abstract: A friction clutch or brake includes at least one friction disk which is engageable by a piston to provide a braking effect of the disk. In order to cool the friction disk when the piston engages with the disk, a valve arrangement is arranged which injects oil onto the disk and through an opening provided in the disks. The actuation of the valve arrangement is provided in response to the piston, i.e. when the piston is moved towards the brake disks, the valve arrangement opens a channel through which the oil is injected toward the disks. In order to avoid a collection of oil in the vicinity of the disks after the braking action is terminated, the disks are provided with a toothed profile which discharges continuously oil to an external space and thus away from the friction disk. Thus no drag moments occur which are caused through oil adhering between the friction areas.

Abstract: A hub for a wheel having a built-in brake assembly and suitable for use in ndustrial vehicles, agricultural machinery, civil engineering plant and materials handling plant comprises a stub axle on which is rotatably mounted a hollow body forming a casing to contain a lubricating and cooling fluid. A brake assembly with fixed and rotatable disks is disposed within the hollow body inside an annulus constrained to rotate with the stub axle. Associated with the annulus is a scooping device adapted to provide communication between the interior of the annulus and the annular space between the annulus and the hollow body, for improved supply of the lubricating and cooling fluid to the interior of the annulus.

Abstract: A multiple biscuit clutch or brake apparatus comprising an annular disc operably secured to a rotatable shaft and having a plurality of circumferentially spaced bores provided therein, a pair of complementary pistons slidably disposed in each bore in back-to-back relation and responsive to the application and withdrawal of pressure therebetween for reciprocation within the bore, an annular flange disposed on each side of the disc and outboard of the pistons for frictional engagement thereby upon axially outward movement of the pistons within the respective bores, the frictional engagement between the pistons and the flanges providing either a braking or clutching operation, and a housing encasing the disc and flanges to provide a chamber therearound, the housing being provided with inlet and outlet ports whereby a coolant may be introduced into the chamber and circulated around the disc and pistons and flanges for dissipating the heat generated by the frictional engagement of the pistons and flanges, the cool

Abstract: A wheel hub assembly for heavy-duty vehicles comprises a hollow body containing a liquid lubricant having a first compartment housing wheel drive reduction gear and a second compartment adjacent the first compartment housing a wheel brake mechanism. A portion of the sidewall of the hollow body annularly surrounds one of the compartments (preferably the second) and comprises at least one pair of longitudinally extending, oppositely sloping generally oblique grooves for circulating the lubricant between the compartments. The grooves of each pair are preferably symmetrical. Grooves sloping in a first direction are arranged along a first semi-circumferential zone and the grooves sloping in the opposite direction are arranged in a second semi-circumferential zone. In the illustrated embodiment and annular interior wall separates the compartments and comprises a planetary pinion carrier and has channels in alignment with the oblique grooves for carrying liquid between the oblique grooves and the first compartment.

Abstract: An electric motor has a shaft projecting from an end bearing bracket, and an annular hub member is clamped to the projecting portion of the motor shaft. The hub member supports a plurality of clutch discs and defines an impeller inlet for receiving a liquid coolant or oil which is pumped by the hub member through ports outwardly between the discs. A housing includes a section which mounts on the motor bearing bracket, and the housing has an intermediate section which supports a plurality of non-rotating brake plates. The brake plates interfit between the brake discs and are pressed together with the discs in response to axial movement of a non-rotating annular piston surrounding the hub member and supported by the intermediate section of the housing. The housing also has an end closure portion which directs the oil from the discs and plates to the inlet within the hub member and is effective to dissipate heat from the recirculating oil.

Abstract: A clutch hub for a motor vehicle transmission is used for transferring torque to a driven shaft rigidly and detachably connected thereto. The hub body comprises inclined tunnels with slanted corridors providing additional rotational effect and more even fluid distribution through intake ports. The hub also comprises a frusto-conical protuberance base blocking the fluid flow from a fluid intake chamber into a clutch hub chamber.

Abstract: A balanced braking system comprising a plurality of braking assemblies located about a member to be braked. Each of the braking assemblies consists of a spring biased piston of a first material fitted into a body of a different material which has a greater contraction upon cooling than the piston material. The piston is provided with a recessed head portion over which is positioned a diaphragm and forming a space therebetween to which is connected a pressurized fluid supply. The diaphragm is controlled by the fluid in the space to contact or withdraw from the member to be braked. A cooling device causes the body within which the piston is fitted to contract more than the piston, producing a tight shrink fit therebetween. The braking system is particularly applicable for selectively braking an arbor of an electron microscope which immobilizes, for example, a vertically adjustable low temperature specimen holder during observation.

Abstract: A bypass drive line for a torque converter type automatic transmission in which the bypass drive line includes a viscous coupling and automatic transmission fluid is selectivley passed through the periphery of the viscous coupling to provide a flow of cooling fluid around the coupling. The fluid flowing through the coupling enters at one face of the coupling adjacent the periphery of the coupling and then flows around the periphery of the coupling through a plurality of separate elongated narrow passages and then exits at the opposite face of the coupling.The passages are defined by a series of interconnected concentric peripheral grooves defined within the coupling. In one disclosed embodiment, four separate circuitous paths are provided through the coupling and in a second disclosed embodiment two separate circuitous paths are provided.

Abstract: An automatic purge valve 110 for removing air and/or vapor from a fluid pressure operated brake system. The valve comprises a chamber 120 disposed in a brake assembly that includes a pair of opposed coaxially aligned valve seats 120b, 134b and a valve member 130 disposed in the chamber and engagable with either of the seats. The seat 134b communicates with a brake coolant system 58; the other valve seat 120b communicates with a piston retraction fluid chamber 90. The valve member is biased towards the one valve seat 120b by pressure in the coolant system and is driven toward the other valve seat 134b during brake actuation by fluid pressure in the piston retraction fluid chamber. Air and/or vapor is discharged from the retraction fluid circuit into the coolant circuit as the valve member travels from the seat 120b to the seat 134b each time the brake assembly is actuated.

Abstract: An electric motor has a shaft projecting from an end bearing bracket, and an annular hub member is clamped to the projecting portion of the motor shaft. The hub member supports a plurality of clutch discs and defines an impeller inlet for receiving a liquid coolant or oil which is pumped by the hub member through ports outwardly between the discs. A housing includes a section which mounts on the motor bearing bracket, and the housing has an intermediate section which supports a plurality of non-rotating brake plates. The brake plates interfit between the brake discs and are pressed together with the discs in response to axial movement of a non-rotating annular piston surrounding the hub member and supported by the intermediate section of the housing. The housing also has an end closure portion which directs the oil from the discs and plates to the inlet within the hub member and is effective to dissipate heat from the recirculating oil.

Abstract: A friction lining for a multiple disk clutch or a multiple disk brake, with grooves extending in a direction from a radially inner lining edge to a radially outer lining edge. Individual ones of these grooves exhibit pronounced rectangular or orthogonal transistion areas between the groove and a surface of the friction lining with the remaining grooves exhibiting non-rectangular transistion areas of the groove edges to the friction surface of the friction lining. A plurality of grooves provided non-rectangular transistional areas extend linearly and are not connected to the grooves having the rectangular transistional areas. At least one groove having a rectangular transistional area and being open at least toward the outer lining edge is disposed between two circumferentially adjacent or neighboring grooves having a non-rectangular transistional area.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multiple, wet, friction disc brake adapted for use as a retarder in an unshown drivetrain of a land vehicle. The retarder includes a non-rotating outer housing, a centrally disposed drive shaft extending through the housing and rotatably supported therein by bearings, a plurality of axially moveable stator and rotor brake discs concentrically disposed about the shaft and alternately secured against rotation relative to the non-rotating housing and the shaft, a fluid actuated piston for squeezing the discs together, passage means defined by a portion of the non-rotating housing disposed about the outer periphery of the stator and rotor discs for introducing a pressurized cooling liquid to the outer periphery of the stator and rotor discs and flow grooves formed in the friction sides of the stator discs for the flow of the pressurized cooling liquid radially inward through the grooves.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for steering and front brake system of a vehicle wherein discharged hydraulic fluid from steering cylinders is utilized for cooling front disc brakes. The circuit comprises a conventional steering circuit including a pair of steering cylinders and a steering valve having a drain circuit connected therewith, the pair of steering cylinders being operatively connected with the steering valve, and a pair of disc brakes for front wheels wherein the disc brakes are connected with the drain circuit of the steering valve.

Abstract: An overrunning clutch and hold-back coupling arrangement, preferably using a sprag-type clutch is disclosed. The coupling includes a lubrication arrangement providing for permanent oil lubrication and cooling from an external coolant supply and internal lubricant recirculation by an internal pump. Lubrication flow paths for distributing oil to all critical parts of the coupling and to control the flow of oil are provided.

Abstract: A lubricating and cooling system for disc type brakes operatively positioned within a vehicle drive wheel, the system including means to increase oil flow to, through, and around brake disc packs situate in a region of restricted oil flow, the means including a vaned pump ring, partially submerged in oil, mounted for rotation with the wheel, and functionally operational to assure adequate pumping in each direction of rotation of the wheel.

Abstract: A hydropneumatic spring element, especially for use in connection with land vehicles such as armored vehicles, especially with a track laying mechanism, in which the wheel force is conveyed to a hydraulic liquid column through the intervention of a wheel rocker and a crank drive and a hydraulic piston, and is supported by a resilient gas volume. All hydropneumatic structural elements of the spring elements are surrounded by a common cooling jacket and are in this way liquid cooled. The cooling fluid flows in the following sequence by the cushioning valve carrier, the hydraulic work cylinder, and the hydraulic storage container.

Abstract: A disc brake which includes a disc mounted on a rotating shaft and a fixed clamp which carries brake elements which may be moved to and from the disc by controlled pneumatic or hydraulic pressure agents. The brake elements are in contact with a pressure head which may be soldered, welded or glued to one end of a self-supporting spring pipe which is directly connected to the clamp at the opposite end of the pipe by way of a suitable flange. The spring pipe forms the final link between the pressure system and the brake elements.