Abstract: The present invention is an improved trash receptacle comprising a frame which houses an inner bin. The inner bin has an open bottom covered by a storage tray and a bin tray that can slide out from an opening in a front of the trash receptacle for ease of cleaning. The storage tray stores replacement trash bags that can be pulled out of an opening in a center of the bin tray. The bin tray has raised edges as well as the opening which has a raised lip encircling the opening, which prevents any spillage from a trash bag lining the inner bin to spill into the storage container. The trash receptacle also comprises a halo lid which seals a top of the trash bag lining the inner bin to prevent slipping of the liner.

Abstract: A head unit device for controlling motion of an object includes shear thickening fluid (STF), an alternative STF (ASTF), and a chamber configured to contain a portion of the STF and the ASTF. The chamber further includes a piston compartment and an alternative reservoir. The head unit device further includes a reservoir injector configured within the chamber, and a piston housed at least partially radially within the piston compartment. The chamber further includes a set of fluid flow sensors and a set of fluid manipulation emitters to control the reservoir injector to adjust flow of the ASTF from the alternative reservoir to the piston compartment to cause selection of one of a variety of shear rates for a mixture of the STF and the STF within the piston compartment.

Abstract: A head unit system for controlling motion of an object includes a secondary object sensor and a head unit device that includes a shear thickening fluid (STF) and a chamber configured to contain a portion of the STF. The chamber further includes an alternative reservoir and a piston compartment. The head unit system further includes a piston housed at least partially radially within the piston compartment. The piston includes a piston bypass to control flow of the STF between opposite sides of the piston. The chamber further includes a set of fluid flow sensors and a set of fluid manipulation emitters to control the flow of the STF to cause selection of one of a variety of shear rates for the STF within the chamber.

Abstract: A head unit system for controlling motion of an object includes a set of secondary object sensors and head unit devices that include shear thickening fluid (STF) and a chamber configured to contain a portion of the STF. The chamber further includes a front channel and a back channel. The head unit system further includes a piston housed at least partially radially within the piston compartment and separating the back channel and the front channel. The piston includes a first piston bypass and a second piston bypasses to control flow of the STF between opposite sides of the piston. The chamber further includes a set of fluid flow sensors and a set of fluid manipulation emitters to control the flow of the STF to cause selection of one of a variety of shear rates for the STF within the chamber.

Abstract: A valve assembly for a damper is provided. The valve assembly includes a housing defining a fluid cavity. The valve assembly includes a spool valve movably disposed within the housing. Further, the valve assembly includes a bumper disposed between the housing and the spool valve. At least the bumper, the spool valve and the housing together define an enclosed volume. The valve assembly further includes one or more bleed paths defined on at least one of the bumper, the spool valve and the housing, the one or more bleed paths fluidly communicating the fluid cavity with the enclosed volume.

Abstract: The hydraulic damping device includes: a cylinder storing fluid; a piston configured to form a channel through which the fluid flows along with relative movement of a rod relative to the cylinder in a specific direction; a valve having elasticity, the valve being configured to open and close the channel in the piston; a movement permitting part configured to permit the valve to move between a contact position and a spaced position, the contact position being a position where the valve contacts the piston, the spaced position being a position where the valve is spaced from the piston; a restricting part configured to restrict bending of the valve at the spaced position; and an imparting part having elasticity, the imparting part being configured to impart, to the valve, a load that is uneven in a circumferential direction of the valve and directed toward the piston.

Abstract: An extension assembly for a damper includes an extension post having an upper end and a lower end opposite to the upper end. The extension post includes a coupling portion, a narrow portion defining a deformed section, and a wide portion disposed between the coupling portion and the narrow portion. A diameter of the wide portion is greater than a diameter of the narrow portion. The extension assembly includes a retaining member having a sleeve portion received on the narrow portion of the extension post and a plurality of support portions extending from the sleeve portion. Further, the deformed section of the narrow portion secures the retaining member to the narrow portion. The extension assembly further includes a sealing ring disposed around the retaining member. The sealing ring is disposed between the wide portion of the extension post and the plurality of support portions of the retaining member.

Abstract: The present application discloses a bidirectional self-locking damper that comprises a cylinder and a piston assembly housed in the cylinder and displaceable along the axial direction of the cylinder. The piston assembly includes a piston rod, a piston and a bidirectional self-locking valve. The bidirectional self-locking valve includes a valve body and a locking assembly. The valve body is provided with a passage chamber, and a first passage channel and a second passage channel that are communicated with the passage chamber, the first passage channel communicating with a recovery pressure chamber, the second passage channel communicating with a compression pressure chamber; the locking assembly is directed to displace in the passage chamber driven by the work medium for establishing/interrupting the communication between the first or second passage channel and the passage chamber.

Abstract: The hydraulic damping device includes: a cylinder storing fluid; a piston configured to form a channel through which the fluid flows along with relative movement of a rod relative to the cylinder in a specific direction; a valve having elasticity, the valve being configured to open and close the channel in the piston; a movement permitting part configured to permit the valve to move between a contact position and a spaced position, the contact position being a position where the valve contacts the piston, the spaced position being a position where the valve is spaced from the piston; a restricting part configured to restrict bending of the valve at the spaced position; and an imparting part having elasticity, the imparting part being configured to impart, to the valve, a load that is uneven in a circumferential direction of the valve and directed toward the piston.

Abstract: Some examples include a damper having an outer tube with a piston reciprocally mounted on an interior of the outer tube. A dampening force generating mechanism may be mounted on the outer tube within a threshold distance from a first end of the outer tube to control a dampening property of the piston. In addition, a vehicle interface adapter may seal the first end of the outer tube. The vehicle interface adapter may include an insertion portion extending outward from the first end of the outer tube. The insertion portion is able to be inserted into a cup-shaped portion of a vehicle attachment receptacle. The insertion portion may have a cylindrical wall forming a cylinder that is aligned coaxially with the outer tube.

Abstract: An elastic chassis link for a vehicle is disclosed. The elastic chassis link includes a sliding joint having first and second sliding joint rods. The joint rods are movable axially relative to each other in order to change the rigidity of the elastic chassis link. The first sliding joint rod is connected to a piston that is arranged axially and movable axially within a piston space within second sliding joint rod. The piston divides the piston space into two chambers that interact with a damping element, such as fluid, within each chamber.

Abstract: A damper system for a vehicle including a pressure tube and a piston assembly. A stroke dependent damper assembly is coupled to a piston rod at a position below the piston assembly. A free floating piston positioned in an internal cavity of the stroke dependent damper assembly is longitudinally moveable between retracted, middle, and extended positions. A metering pin extends from the floating piston into a through-bore in a distal end of the stroke dependent damper assembly. An orifice is defined between an inner surface of the through-bore and an outer surface of the metering pin. Longitudinal movement of the floating piston changes the position of the metering pin in the through-bore, which changes the size of the orifice. Fluid flow through the orifice is restricted when the orifice size decreases, which slows down the movement of the floating piston as it approaches the retracted and extended positions.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes an expansion-side passage and a contraction-side passage arranged alternately side by side along a circumferential direction, seats provided to surround an outlet port of the expansion-side passage or an outlet port of the contraction-side passage, and valve bodies. The seats has an arc-shaped outer seat portion, middle seat portions extending from respective both ends in a circumferential direction of the outer seat portion toward a center axis side of the piston, and an inner seat portion extending from center axis side ends of the middle seat portions oppositely to the outer seat portion side in a circumferential direction to connect the neighboring middle seat portions. The inner seat portion is placed on a straight line that connects the center axis side ends of the middle seat portions.

Abstract: A hydraulic damping cylinder for a prosthetic knee joint, including a housing, a cylinder chamber in the housing and filled with a hydraulic fluid, and a piston arranged in the cylinder chamber and movable by a piston rod. In the housing there are provided at least two separate receiving chambers, which are of different size and are connected to the cylinder chamber by fluid ducts, for hydraulic fluid displaced from the cylinder chamber during a piston movement The receiving chambers are each separated, by a diaphragm, from a compression chamber filled with a compressible fluid that forms an energy store. Upstream of the larger receiving chamber, there is connected a throttle device which forms a flow resistance for the hydraulic fluid flowing into the receiving chamber so that the hydraulic fluid can be distributed to the two receiving chambers in a manner dependent on speed of the piston movement.

Abstract: An adjustable damping valve device has a first adjustable damping valve assembly for a first flow direction and a second adjustable damping valve assembly for a second flow direction. The two damping valve assemblies are adjustable independently from one another, and the first damping valve assembly generates a damping force for only one flow direction and the second damping valve assembly has a minimum cross section through which damping medium can flow in the setting for maximum damping force so that the second damping valve device generates a damping force in both flow directions.

Abstract: Provided is a shock absorber for a railway vehicle, in which an eccentric disk is disposed on a rear surface of a valve disk to set a supporting force for an initial opening position of the valve disk to a relatively low value and continuously open the valve disk from the initial opening position of the valve disk during strokes, thereby controlling a damping force in a low speed section and realizing a soft damping force.

Abstract: Piston assembly includes a piston housing defining an interior and having a first housing end and a second housing end, a piston rod having a first rod end extending into the interior and moveable therein between an extended position toward the first housing end and a retracted position toward the second housing end, a first plate joined to the piston rod proximate the first rod end, a second plate joined to the piston rod and spaced apart a distance along the piston rod from the first plate, and a piston head slidably joined to the piston rod between the first plate and the second plate. A lift assembly including a piston assembly and configured to provide a damping force to a pivotable body during pivoting of the pivotable body relative a stationary body between a closed position and an open position is provided.

Abstract: A twin-tube hydraulic damper assembly includes a main tube having an internal radius extending along a center axis between a first end and a second end. An external tube is disposed on the center axis extending about the main tube. A base valve attached to the second end for controlling the flow of the working liquid during the compression stroke and the rebound stroke. A rebound valve of at least one rebound deflective disc having a thickness is disposed in the compression chamber and adjacent to the body. The rebound deflective disc has an external circumferential surface spaced from the main tube defining an annular damping gap extending about the center axis and having a radial width whereby a ratio of said radial width of the annular damping gap to the internal radius is less than 10%.

Abstract: A valve for a vibration damper having a valve housing and a valve slide movable in the valve housing for at least partially closing at least one flow path of a fluid flowing through the valve. The valve has an input side and an output side. The pressure impingement surfaces of the valve slide for an opening pressure and for a closing pressure are substantially equal, and the valve slide has a constriction via which a pressure difference between opening pressure and closing pressure can be generated. At least one channel connects the interior space of the valve slide to the exterior space of the valve slide.

Abstract: An adjustable damping valve device with a damping valve has an elastic element, applies an axial relative force between two elements which are constructed so as to be axially movable relative to the valve housing, or the elastic element applies a relative force between an element of the damping valve, which element is constructed so as to be axially movable relative to the valve housing, and the valve housing, or the elastic element applies a relative force between an element of the damping valve, which element is constructed so as to be axially movable relative to the valve housing, and an element which is constructed so as not to be displaceable relative to the valve housing, so that one of the axially movable elements releases a flow passage for the flow of damping medium through the damping valve at least in a neutral state of the damping valve device.

Abstract: A damping device includes a housing, a cover assembly, a piston rod, a piston and an elastic member. The housing has an inner wall defining a chamber, and an opening communicated with the chamber. The chamber is filled with a damping medium. The cover assembly is arranged adjacent to the opening of the housing. The piston rod penetrates through the cover assembly. The piston is connected to the piston rod and movable relative to the housing. The piston includes an extension part and an expansion part located between the piston rod and the extension part. A width of the expansion part is greater than a width of the piston rod. The elastic member is arranged in the chamber of the housing, and configured to provide an elastic force to the piston.

Abstract: A suspension device includes a pair of suspensions each containing at least one of a damping mechanism and a suspension spring. A tubular body-side member is on a vehicle body side. A tubular wheel-side member is on a vehicle wheel side and coupled to the body-side member, and moves relative to the body-side member in an axial direction. A hollow cylindrical cylinder is inside of the body-side member and the wheel-side member and includes a weak portion in the axial direction on an outer side. A rod member is inside of the body-side member and the wheel-side member and moves relatively in the axial direction in accordance with movement of the body-side member and the wheel-side member. A first defining member secured to an end portion of the rod member and in contact with the cylinder movably in the axial direction of the cylinder defines space in the cylinder.

Abstract: Embodiments of three parameter isolators including rolling seal damper assemblies are provided. In one embodiment, the three parameter isolator includes first and second isolator end portions, which are opposed along a working axis. A main spring and a tuning spring are mechanically coupled in parallel between the first and second isolator end portions. A rolling seal damper assembly is further mechanically coupled between the first and second isolator end portions in parallel with the main spring and in series with the tuning spring. The rolling seal damper assembly includes a first hydraulic chamber, a second hydraulic chamber fluidly coupled to the first hydraulic chamber, and first and second rolling diaphragm seals partially bounding the first and second hydraulic chambers, respectively. In certain implementations, the rolling seal damper assembly also contains a thermal compensator piston to which the first rolling diaphragm seal is attached.

Abstract: According to this Invention When “Vehicle Accident Damage Control System” attach vehicle collides with another vehicle or some obstruction, then because of change in velocity, there is Impact force generated in between leg guard/safety plate (1) and vehicle or obstruction. This leg guard work according to the “Lever principle”. This Impact force is used to push the piston of APCPDSA. The result of collision reduces by the increases damping force, which generated by hydraulic fluid flow out from internal cylinders (4.1) & (4.2) through (a-b-c) combinations in APCPDSA. At the same time hydraulic fluid flow with the help of FBS pushes the break of vehicle intermittently and with the help of CCS, the clutch has been regularly pushed and ejects the relation of gear with engine.

Abstract: A shock absorber including a piston (3) slidably fitted in a cylinder having hydraulic oil sealed therein. A flow of hydraulic oil, induced in a passage (10) and a sub-passage (29) by sliding movement of the piston in the cylinder in response to the stroke of a piston rod, is controlled by an extension main valve (14) and a compression sub-valve (15) incorporated in the extension main valve, thereby generating a damping force. The amount of deflection of a sub-disk (30) constituting the compression sub-valve when the sub-disk is opened is limited by restricting portions (21). The sub-disk is provided with communicating holes (31) to reduce a differential pressure acting on the sub-disk when opened and also to relax the concentration of stress in the sub-disk, thereby improving the durability of the sub-disk.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes at least one of an expansion-side sensitive unit and a contraction-side sensitive unit. The expansion-side sensitive unit has an expansion-side actuating chamber that communicates with an expansion-side chamber and a contraction-side chamber, an expansion-side free piston that partitions the expansion-side actuating chamber into a first expansion-side pressure chamber and a second expansion-side pressure chamber, and an expansion-side spring element configured to bias the expansion-side free piston to compress the first expansion-side pressure chamber.

Abstract: A hydraulic damper (1) includes a tube (3) filled with working liquid, wherein at least one end of the tube (3) is provided with a narrower section (31) of a smaller diameter provided with at least one axial groove (12). The damper (1) includes at least one additional piston assembly (13) having diameter (D3) smaller than diameter (D1) of the main section of the tube (3), displaceable along with the main piston assembly (4) and apt to be introduced in the narrower section of the tube (3) to generate additional damping force. The narrower section (31) extends through a conical section (32) into the main section (33) of the tube (3) and the conical section (32) of the tube (3) is internally shaped to form axial bridges (15) defining said axial grooves (12) extending along the length of said conical section (32), each comprising a cylindrical section (151).

Abstract: A springless shock absorbing and suspension apparatus and method of operation are disclosed that use external adjustments to alter flow resistance through a valve block in the apparatus. The valve block may have throughholes and/or passageways that allow fluid to flow in the valve block. Cover or shim elements may be used relative to certain throughholes and/or passageways to restrict flow in one or both directions. In one example, adjusters may be deployed that vary the force applied to cover or shim elements that effect a change in flow resistance of the valve block. In another example, adjusters may be deployed that articulate or rotate disc rings elements relative to the valve block to modify the effective size of flow openings (e.g., throughholes and/or passageways) that effect a change in flow resistance of the valve block. Separate external adjusters may be used for compression and expansion operations.

Abstract: A piston assembly for a shock absorber includes: a bypass passage formed along a vertical length direction of a piston rod in a small-diameter portion that is stepped in a lower portion of the piston rod reciprocating within a cylinder; a main piston connected to the small-diameter portion; an orifice assembly coupled to the small-diameter portion and disposed under the main piston to form an orifice passage, which communicates with the bypass passage; a housing coupled to the small-diameter portion and disposed under the orifice assembly, the housing having an opened upper side and forming a pressure chamber; and a sliding valve coupled to the orifice assembly and accommodated in the pressure chamber to generate a damping force by selectively opening and closing the orifice passage while reciprocating through a high-frequency section and a low-frequency section.

Abstract: A spring for a suspension is described. The spring includes: a spring chamber divided into at least a primary portion and a secondary portion, and a fluid flow path coupled with and between the primary portion and the secondary portion. The fluid flow path includes a bypass mechanism, wherein the bypass mechanism is configured for automatically providing resistance within the fluid flow path in response to a compressed condition of the suspension.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a pedal simulator for an active brake system. The pedal simulator includes a simulator block provided therein with a bore, a first reaction unit including a first reaction piston slidably installed in the bore, a first damping member installed at the first reaction piston, and a first reaction spring compressed by the first reaction piston, and a second reaction unit including a second reaction piston provided in the bore to support the first reaction spring and slide in the bore, a damping housing connected to the simulator block to be spaced a certain distance apart from the second reaction piston, a second reaction spring installed between the second reaction piston and the damping housing to be compressed by the second reaction piston, and a second damping member installed in the damping housing to contact the second reaction piston.

Abstract: A dual series damper includes a fluid damper portion and a elastomeric damper portion. The fluid damper portion includes a first housing, a first connection member, and a piston coupled to the first connection member. The piston divides an interior of the first housing into a first fluid chamber and a second fluid chamber. The piston has a fluid passage in the piston, the fluid passage being configured to provide fluid communication between the first fluid chamber and the second fluid chamber. The elastomeric damper portion includes a second housing, a second connection member coupled to the second housing, and an elastomer between the first housing and the second housing. When a lead/lag force is introduced to the dual series damper, the fluid damper portion behaves rigidly so that the elastomeric damper portion dampens the lead/lag oscillation.

Abstract: A component vibration control system is disclosed. The vibration control system includes a first physical end stop, a second physical end stop, a damper assembly, a position sensor configured to determine a component position, and a processor in communication with the position sensor and the damper assembly. The processor is configured to set a first virtual end stop position, regulate a damping force of the damper assembly as the component moves toward the first virtual end stop position, and determine a second virtual end stop position based on a first distance of the component from a set position.

Abstract: A rotary wing system with a rotating blade and a fluid damper with a damper fluid in a first variable volume chamber and a second variable volume chamber, with a fluid damping flow valve controlled conduit and a fluid flow pressure sensing control valve assembly between the first variable volume chamber and the second variable volume chamber. The fluid flow pressure sensing control valve assembly has a fluid flow pressure sensing control valve assembly control valve for obstructing a damper fluid flow through the fluid damping flow valve controlled conduit. A working of the first variable volume chamber and the second variable volume chamber by rotary wing motions actuates the opening of the fluid flow pressure sensing control valve assembly control valve that obstructs the damper fluid flow through the fluid damping flow valve controlled conduit.

Abstract: This invention obtains damping force in choke characteristics when piston speed is in low-speed region, and reduces damping force when piston speed is in medium-high-speed region. A damping valve for a shock absorber includes a piston partitioning an extension-side chamber from a pressure-side chamber, a returner laminated to pressure-side chamber side of piston, a flow passage penetrating from piston to returner and having entrance constantly communicating with expansion-side chamber, a leaf valve laminated to retainer and operably closing an exit of expansion-side flow passage, a first outer peripheral groove formed on outer periphery of piston rod. A passage T functioning as a choke is formed between first outer peripheral groove and retainer. One side of passage communicates with flow passage and other side thereof communicates with compression-side chamber.

Abstract: A damping valve includes a valve disk, a retainer, an inner peripheral side flow passage configured to include a valve disk through hole formed in an inner peripheral side of the valve disk and a retainer through hole formed in the retainer and allowing communication between one and other chambers, an outer peripheral side flow passage formed in an outer peripheral side of the valve disk and allowing communication between the one and the other chambers, and a leaf valve in the form of an annular plate arranged on a side of the retainer opposite to the valve disk and configured to openably close the inner peripheral side flow passage by an outer peripheral part. A flow passage area of the retainer through hole is not smaller than that of the valve disk through hole.

Abstract: Provided is a solenoid-type variable damping force damper that improves the strength of the piston and prevents wire break in the electromagnetic coil. A piston includes a piston main body, an expansion-side valve plate, a contraction-side valve plate, an electromagnetic coil, and a bolt. The piston main body is an integrally formed component made of a ferromagnetic material, and includes a hollow cylindrical outer yoke that is in slidable contact with an inner peripheral surface of a cylinder, a columnar inner yoke having an outer peripheral surface opposing an inner peripheral surface of the outer yoke via first and second gaps, and a connection member connecting the outer yoke and the inner yoke with each other at an axially middle position of the piston and separating the first and second gaps from each other. The electromagnetic coil is fitted in the second gap of the piston main body.

Abstract: A bicycle can include a suspension system with a shock absorber. The shock absorber can have a sag position which can be adjustable. Sag refers to the amount of movement experienced by the suspension under a static load, such as that of the weight of a rider. Methods and systems to set sag can include at least one valve in fluid communication with a gas chamber of the shock absorber. In some embodiments, the at least one valve can be used to automatically set the sag position based on an individual's weight and riding position.

Abstract: A valve includes an annular disc having an opening window and a passage that extends from an inner periphery or an outer periphery of the disc to the opening window, and an annular leaf valve that is laminated onto the disc in order to open and close the opening window. The passage is covered by the leaf valve so as to function as an orifice.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes a pressure sensitive valve assembly that controls fluid flow through the pressure sensitive valve assembly based upon the velocity of the piston assembly in the shock absorber. The pressure sensitive valve assembly restricts fluid flow as the velocity of the piston in a compression stroke increases to increase the damping loads provided by the shock absorber. A secondary valve assembly controls fluid flow through the pressure sensitive valve assembly when the pressure sensitive valve assembly is in a closed position.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes a shock absorbing member being to be rotated around an axis and having an outer circumferential surface being in contact with an end portion of a member that moves back and forth with respect to the shock absorbing member, the shock absorbing member having at least one of elasticity and viscosity against an movement of the member, each of the elasticity and viscosity changing in accordance with a rotation angle of the shock absorbing member around the axis, and a device that changes the rotation angle of the shock absorbing member to adjust at least one of the elasticity and the viscosity against the member.

Abstract: A shock absorber has a pressure tube with a piston assembly slidably disposed within the pressure tube and attached to a piston rod. The piston assembly divides the pressure tube into an upper working chamber and a lower working chamber. The piston assembly includes a frequency dependent valve assembly attached to the piston rod which defines a housing attached to the piston rod and a spool valve assembly. The spool valve assembly includes a pair of spool valves and a pair of bypass valve assemblies that control fluid flow through a bypass passage that bypasses the piston assembly.

Abstract: A hydraulic damper (2) includes a slidable piston assembly (4) attached to a piston rod (6) to form at least one valve assembly of the damper. The damper further includes at least one chamber in which a slidable partition assembly (54) separates this chamber into an additional compression chamber (101) hydraulically connected with a main compression chamber (10) and an additional rebound chamber (91) hydraulically connected with a main rebound chamber (9, 09). The slidable partition assembly (54) comprises a piston (541) making a sliding fit with an inner surface of the chamber and at least one spring (543) supporting the piston (541). The slidable partition assembly (54) additionally comprises at least one internal piston (542) disposed slidably within the external piston (541) and supported by an internal spring (544) disposed between the internal piston (542) and the external piston (541).

Abstract: A shock absorbing device includes a cylinder. A partition wall member is inserted into the cylinder to be free to slide and partitions an interior of the cylinder into two operating chambers. A passage connects the two operating chambers. A free piston is inserted into a pressure chamber to be free to slide and partitions the pressure chamber into one chamber that communicates with one operating chamber via a one side flow passage and another chamber that communicates with the other operating chamber via another side flow passage. A spring element generates a biasing force for suppressing displacement of the free piston relative to the pressure chamber. One or both of a bypass flow passage that connects the other chamber and the one operating chamber and a bypass flow passage that connects the one chamber and the other operating chamber is provided. A relief valve is provided in the bypass flow passage.

Abstract: A piston assembly of a shock absorber is provided. A compression retainer and a rebound retainer are disposed above and under a piston body. A blow-off reducing unit is disposed between the compression retainer and an auxiliary valve and on a bottom surface of the auxiliary valve to form a plurality of blow-off points, so that a rapid variation in a damping force can be considerably reduced even in a low-speed and middle-speed transition period.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes: a main piston which is mounted on a piston rod reciprocating within a cylinder, slidingly reciprocates within the cylinder while contacting an inner periphery of the cylinder, and partitions the cylinder into upper and lower chambers; a communication passage which is formed in the piston rod to communicate the upper chamber with the lower chamber, and penetrates from an upper side of the main piston to a lower side of the piston rod; a housing which is mounted on a lower end of the piston rod to form an internal space, a communication hole connected to the lower chamber being formed in a bottom surface of the housing.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes a pressure sensitive valve assembly that controls fluid flow through the pressure sensitive valve assembly based upon the velocity of the piston assembly in the shock absorber. The pressure sensitive valve assembly restricts fluid flow as the velocity of the piston in a compression stroke increases to increase the damping loads provided by the shock absorber.

Abstract: A frequency/pressure sensitive shock absorber for generating a damping force varying according to a frequency and a pressure-includes: a cylinder filled with a working fluid; a piston rod having one end located inside the cylinder and the other end extending outward from the cylinder; a main piston valve assembly installed at one end of the piston rod and configured to operate in a state that the inside of the cylinder is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and generate a damping force varying according to a moving speed; and a sensitive unit installed at one end of the piston rod under the main piston valve assembly and configured to generate a damping force varying according to a frequency and a pressure.

Abstract: A valve structure includes a piston valve assembly, and a frequency unit including a hollow housing, a free piston and an auxiliary valve assembly. The piston valve assembly, installed at one end of a piston rod, operates with the inside of a cylinder being divided into upper and lower chambers, and generates a damping force varying according to a moving speed. The frequency unit moves together with the piston valve assembly and generates a damping force varying according to a frequency. The housing is mounted at a lower end of the piston rod such that the housing is disposed under the piston valve assembly. An inner space of the housing is partitioned into upper and lower spaces by the free piston. The free piston is disposed to be vertically movable within the housing. The auxiliary valve assembly is mounted at a lower end of the housing.

Abstract: In a damping valve having a partition that separates a first chamber and a second chamber, a valve seat that is formed on an end surface of the partition facing the first chamber or the second chamber; and a leaf valve whose outer-circumferential end portion is separably seated on the valve seat, the leaf valve has a plurality of orifices for allowing working fluid to flow therethrough in the outer-circumferential end portion, and the plurality of orifices are concentrated in an arbitrary region along a circumferential direction in the outer-circumferential end portion of the leaf valve.