Abstract: An improved gas spring has a drive motor for driving a piston. A piston head has a thread at an outer periphery that is guided along a mating thread in an inner periphery of a cylinder. The piston is caused to rotate relative to the cylinder, and is guided for reciprocating movement. In this manner, a drive motor is incorporated into the gas spring such that the gas spring has both a driven and a manual mode. The inventive gas spring has particular application in attaching a vehicle closure to a vehicle frame.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cylinder apparatus processing method capable of preventing a base shell from bending which otherwise would be caused due to a residual stress generated when the base shell is processed. The cylinder apparatus processing method comprises securely holding an outer diameter of the base shell 1 with a mandrel 5 inserted therethrough with use of a holder die 4, and forming a recess 2 on the base shell 1 by locally applying crush processing (cold working) to an upper position of the base shell 1 with use of a press die 6 and concurrently forming an impression 21 of a bend prevention die 7 at a lower position of the outer diameter of the base shell 1 by a reactive force R to a processing force F applied by the press die 6 and received by the bend prevention die 7.

Abstract: The present invention includes methods and apparatus for easily adjusting a shock and strut assembly to modify the ride height of a vehicle by providing one or more spacers to be placed between the lower spring seat mount and the spring seat plate that rests upon it in order to raise the ride height of a vehicle. Embodiments include a unique location for a lower spring seat mount. The position of the lower spring seat mount may be lowered to reduce the ride height of the vehicle, and one or more spacers may be inserted above the lower spring seat mount to raise the ride height of the vehicle.

Abstract: An identical engagement hole 12b is formed in each of first and second brackets 1, 2. A first engagement portion 31c is formed in a damper body 31 of a rotary damper 3. A distal end portion of a rotor 32 of the rotary damper 3 is non-rotatably inserted in an adapter 4. A third engagement portion 46 is formed in an outer circumference of the adapter 4. The first engagement portion 31c is non-rotatably inserted in the engagement hole 12b of the first bracket 1. The third engagement portion 46 is non-rotatably inserted in the engagement hole 12b of the second bracket 2.

Abstract: In a suspension spring adjusting apparatus of a hydraulic shock absorber, a mounting mating surface sealed by a spring adjusting case and a seal material of a case cover is formed in a flat surface shape, and an outer peripheral edge of the case cover is provided with a skirt portion covering over an outer peripheral surface of the spring adjusting case via a gap.

Abstract: A flow damper used in an auto-close mechanism of a sliding rail assembly is disclosed to include a first flow cylinder that has coupling grooves provided at one lateral side, and a second flow cylinder that has coupling blocks provided at one side and connectable to the coupling grooves to secure the first and second flow cylinders in parallel in one of the first condition where the piston rods of the first and second flow cylinders extend in same direction and the second condition where the piston rods of the first and second flow cylinders extend in reversed directions.

Abstract: A hydraulic shock absorber enables its piston rod to be locked near its minimum length position and allows the locked condition to be visually confirmed easily. A cap member is secured to a distal end portion of a piston rod extending from a cylinder part, and a dust cover is secured to the cap member. A lock member is secured to an end of the cylinder part from which the piston rod extends to the outside. The lock member is cut and bent upward to form engaging portions. The cap member is cut and bent downward to form engaging pieces and windows. With the piston rod contracted to near its minimum length position, the cap member is rotated to engage the engaging portions and the engaging pieces with each other, thereby locking the piston rod. The engaged condition of the engaging portions and the engaging pieces can be visually confirmed through the windows.

Abstract: A shock absorber has a spring positioned within a chamber. The spring provides a spring force on a piston that offsets a hydraulic force such that the forces on the piston are generally balanced when a vehicle is at rest.

Abstract: Presented is a vibration damper that includes an outer cylinder with a lateral surface, a pin-shaped fastening element that includes a stop surface, and a mounting coupled to the lateral surface. The mounting defines a through-hole that is configured to receive the pin-shaped fastening element and extends circumferentially with respect to the lateral surface. The mounting includes a formation that extends in a radial direction with respect to the cylinder. The formation cooperates with the outer cylinder to form a socket for the stop surface. The stop surface rests against the mounting in an axial direction of the pin-shaped fastening element.

Abstract: Piston-in-cylinder type shock absorbers are disclosed that are compressible to less than half of their extended length, thereby eliminating the current need for automotive suspensions to accommodate unwieldy shock absorbers that, even when fully compressed, must be longer than the amount of permitted axial suspension travel at the shock absorber's connection point. Since the disclosed shock absorbers are super-compressible, they are also super-extendable, which is extendable beyond double their compressed length. In some embodiments, this super-compressibility and super-extendibility are rendered possible by the use of a rigidly interleaved, oppositely-oriented, axially-balanced, free-floating bank of gas-charged cylinders.

Abstract: Dampers for vehicle suspensions include a housing comprising a tube attached to a wheel axle of a vehicle and a piston rod extending from a piston within the tube and attached to the vehicle body. The piston divides the tube into first and second chambers. In order to damp responses when minor smooth road imperfections impart low force excitations to the wheel of the vehicle, a fluid bypass passageway in the form of a sleeve is positioned around the tube and overlies the piston. This provides second stage quasi-ideal damping at low force excitations to the wheels and thus to the wheel axles of the vehicle. The sleeve communicates with the first and second chambers through metered orifices or valves. As low force excitations from smooth road imperfections displace fluid within the tube through the metered orifices or valves, the orifices damp responses to the low force excitations, thereby smoothing the ride of the vehicle.

Abstract: A rotary damper (10) is disclosed, which comprises a cylindrical housing (12), a rotor (16), and a closure assembly (21; 21?; 21?). The cylindrical housing, rotor and closure assembly cooperate so as to contain a braking chamber (30) having an arcuately extending transverse section and containing a viscous braking fluid. The rotor (16; 16?) comprises a piston element or portion (31) extending radially from the rotor (16; 16?), and arranged within the braking chamber (30) so as to separate it into two separate regions (30a, 30b) in mutual fluid communication. The braking chamber (30) is formed in a shoulder portion (13b) of the lateral wall (13) of the cylindrical housing (12), and the fluid communication between the two separate regions (30a, 30b) of the chamber (30) is obtained through a channel (35) formed on a shoulder surface (14) of the shoulder portion (13b) of the cylindrical housing (12). The channel is interposed between such shoulder portion and the closure assembly (21; 21?; 21?).

Abstract: A system for measuring relative distance between a first component on a vehicle and a second component on the vehicle is provided. The system includes a wireless ultra-wideband (UWB) transceiver attached to the first component. The wireless UWB transceiver transmits a UWB measurement pulse toward the second component, and receives a reflected UWB pulse from a reflective surface of the second component. The reflected UWB pulse represents a reflected version of the UWB measurement pulse. The system also includes a processor coupled to the wireless UWB transceiver. The processor derives a relative distance between the first component and the second component, based upon characteristics of the UWB measurement pulse and the reflected UWB pulse. The system further includes a power generating system for the wireless UWB transceiver.

Abstract: A fluid pressure shock absorber comprises a cylinder 3 disposed in a tube 2 and having a base supported by the tube 2 and a head member 31 fitted onto a tip of the cylinder 3. A hole 2b is formed in the tube 2 facing the head member 31. A ring-shaped stopper member 101 is screwed onto an outer circumference of the head member 31. A pin member 102 held by the head member 31 and biased in a radial direction by a snap ring 103 penetrates the hole 2b, thereby making connection of the tube 2 and the cylinder 3 easy.

Abstract: An improvement to damping cylinders in which the damping fluid needs to be separated from a gas is disclosed. In particular, an annular bladder is used. An annular bladder allows for a control shaft to extends at least a portion of the length of the damping cylinder. This configuration effectively and simply reduces most issues that result from when an IFP is used for the same purpose.

Abstract: A shock assembly includes a first tube having a cylindrical wall with an inner surface and an outer surface. A second tube is received within the first tube and includes a cylindrical wall having an inner surface and an outer surface. A piston assembly is received within the second tube and includes a piston rod and a piston that is selectively movable relative to the first tube and the second tube. A height-sensing device is disposed within the first tube between the inner surface of the first tube and the outer surface of the second tube.

Abstract: A vibration damper including a cylinder with a cylinder-side connection member. The at least one mounted component is fastened to the cylinder by a material bond. The cylinder and the mounted component are made of plastic. The mounted component and/or the cylinder are based on at least one ready-prepared semi-finished product that forms the surface of the vibration damper on at least one body side in the final state. Plastic supplemental volume fractions determine the finished body contour.

Abstract: A vibration damper for vehicles comprises a work cylinder in which a piston is guided axially by a piston rod. The piston divides the work cylinder into two work spaces filled with damping fluid. A tension stop is provided between the piston and a piston rod guide, wherein a tension stop element including a flexible part and a reinforcing ring is arranged between a support fastened to the piston rod and the piston rod guide. The reinforcing ring limits the deformation of the flexible part of tension stop when subjected to force during operation so that permissible shearing stresses of the flexible part are not exceeded.

Abstract: In a hydraulic shock absorber, a damping force generating device is provided between a piston side oil chamber and a rod side oil chamber of a cylinder, and in a compression stroke, a compression side flow path for circulating oil in the piston side oil chamber of the cylinder through an outside flow path of the cylinder toward the rod side oil chamber is provided in the damping force generating device, while in an extension stroke, an extension side flow path for circulating the oil in the rod side oil chamber of the cylinder through the outside flow path of the cylinder toward the piston side oil chamber is provided in the damping force generating device.

Abstract: In a monotube type hydraulic shock absorber, a plurality of rectangular recesses that are elongate in a circumferential direction are formed in an outer circumferential surface of a cylinder at a position in the vicinity of an upper limit of a slidable range of a free piston. A support for supporting an external part such as a sensor or a hose is positioned so as to be fitted around a portion of the cylinder at which the recesses are formed. Thereafter, while supporting the rear sides of the recesses by a moving die of a receiving member, a plurality of pairs of punches are moved towards each other, to thereby press flat press portions of the punches against the support, thus drawing the support locally into the recesses of the cylinder without forming projections in an inner surface of the cylinder.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a reliable and inexpensive combination of a chamber and a piston to be used in any device where such a combination is needed so that it comply with specific demands towards the operation force for e.g. pumps, specifically manually operated pumps. By a device comprising a chamber and a piston positioned inside the chamber said chamber and said piston relatively movable to each other in a predetermined direction of movement between a first position and a second position of which the cross-section of the chamber in a plane perpendicular to the direction of movement is larger at the first position than at the second position, the change in the cross section of the chamber is essentially continuous between the first position and the second position and the cross-section of the piston in a plane perpendicular to the direction of movement is arranged to adapt itself to the cross-section of the chamber.

Abstract: In a hydraulic shock absorber 10, a piston holder 41 has an axial side surface 41e formed with an opening of an inclined hole 48b exposed to a rod-side oil chamber 43B. A block ring 71 capable of closing the opening of the inclined hole 48b is provided around a piston rod body 22 at a position between the axial side surface 41e of the piston holder 41 and the upper end of a rebound spring 32.

Abstract: In a strut type shock absorber (1), a lower cap (2) is welded onto an inner circumferential surface of an outer shell (3) at a step (16) formed in a retreated position from an axial tip of the outer shell (3). The axial tip of the outer shell (3) is welded onto the inner circumferential surface of a knuckle bracket (6) which holds the outer shell (3). Since welding of the lower cap (2) onto the outer shell (3) and welding of the knuckle bracket (6) onto the outer shell (3) are conducted at different positions, the lower cap (2) is welded onto the outer shell (3) without suffering from blowholes irrespective of the material forming the knuckle bracket (6), and as a result, a weld bead (17) having a high degree of air-tightness is formed.

Abstract: A shock absorber housing for a shock absorber of a vehicle comprises a tube, which has a tubular wall, and an attaching element joined onto the tubular wall, the attaching element determining a critical force introduction area of an introduction of a force into the tubular wall, the tube in a longitudinal direction being built up from a first tube section having a first tubular wall and at least a second tube section having a second tubular wall, the first tube section and the second tube section being joined together by their ends facing one another. The first tube section and the second tube section are joined together with a tubular wall overlap of the first and second tubular wall, which overlap extends in a longitudinal direction, the tubular wall overlap being situated in the critical force introduction area of the attaching element.

Abstract: A piston-cylinder assembly has a working piston attached to a piston rod and dividing a working cylinder into two working spaces. An external reservoir partially filled with damping medium is provided outside the piston-cylinder assembly and is connected to one of the working spaces by a connecting pipe. The piston-cylinder assembly is provided with a stepped bore for receiving the connecting pipe, in the larger-diameter part of which a seal is held in place by the connecting pipe.

Abstract: A suspension system for motor vehicles with a level control for adjusting a predetermined height of the vehicle body is configured with at least one piston-cylinder unit which is provided with a work cylinder, a piston rod and a damping piston having damping valves, a pump of an oil reservoir, corresponding inlet lines and outlet lines from the oil reservoir, and corresponding inlet lines and outlet lines from the oil reservoir to the piston-cylinder unit, and vice versa, and the pump is configured with a pump piston and a drive unit. The piston-cylinder unit and the pump are constructed as separate subassemblies which are manufactured independently beforehand, and at least the piston-cylinder unit is filled with damping medium before the two subassemblies are mounted.

Abstract: A shock absorption apparatus for a treadmill interposed between a lifting frame and a running board, comprising: a) a fixing tube having one end fixed on the lifting frame, a positioning member, a locating gear, a locating member, and a damping spring being placed into the fixing tube one after another; b) a sleeve mounted at the external circumference of the fixing tube; c) a push tube having one end fixed on the running board, the other end of the push tube being extended into the fixing tube in such a manner that the push tube is screwed with a locating gear and a locating member, the locating member, the sleeve, and the push tube being interlocked by means of a locating screw; and d) a shock absorption regulator having an adjusting gear set, a motor, and a housing, the adjusting gear set and the motor being received within the housing, the housing being mounted by a fixing member on the external circumference of the sleeve, a drive gear of the adjusting gear being engaged with the locating gear.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a damping force control valve and a shock absorber using the same. An object of the present invention is to provide a damping force control valve, in which the damping force characteristic at a high speed is maintained in a low level, and a shock absorber using the same. According to the present invention for achieving the object, there is provided a damping force control valve, which includes a high pressure region in communication with a tension chamber of a cylinder and a low pressure region in communication with a reservoir chamber, and controls a damping force by adjusting pressure of a pilot chamber by orifices, each of which has a channel controlled to open or close by a spool.

Abstract: A strut assembly includes a damper having a housing and a rod moveable relative to the housing along a longitudinal axis. The strut assembly includes a flexible membrane configured to receive a pressurized gas to form an air spring. A coil spring defines an inner diameter with the housing disposed within the inner diameter to permit relative movement between the coil spring and the housing. The coil spring is at least partially disposed outside the flexible membrane relative to the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A gas spring for providing a smooth and generally gradual load distribution between interrelated parts of a press has a casing defining at least in part a gas chamber. A housing is received at least in part in the casing. The housing has a through bore sized for receipt of the piston rod therein for reciprocation between extended and retracted positions. A piston retainer is attached for conjoint movement with the piston rod. An end of the housing flexes between a compressed position when the piston retainer abuts the housing as the piston rod moves toward its extended position and an uncompressed position when the piston retainer moves toward its retracted position and out of engagement with the housing.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a shock absorber for damping vibration transmitted to a vehicle according to a road state. The shock absorber includes a cylinder and a piston valve disposed within the cylinder and connected to a piston rod to divide the cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber. The shock absorber further includes a hollow chamber formed within the piston rod, a floating piston disposed within the hollow chamber to move up and down and to divide the hollow chamber into upper and lower chambers, first and second orifices formed in upper and lower ends of the hollow chamber and connected to the first and second chambers, respectively, and a resistance changing mechanism configured to cooperate with the floating piston and change a fluid resistance with respect to the floating piston where the resistance changing mechanism cooperates therewith.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a shock absorber capable of controlling damping force characteristics. The shock absorber includes a cylinder filled with an operating fluid, a piston valve disposed inside the cylinder to divide an interior of the cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber, a piston rod having one end extending outside the cylinder and the other end coupled to the piston valve inside the cylinder, a hollow chamber formed inside the piston rod to communicate with the first and second chambers, a free piston disposed within the hollow chamber to move up and down and to divide the hollow chamber into upper and lower chambers, and a variable part configured to control the damping force characteristics by adjusting a vertical displacement of the free piston.

Abstract: A hydraulic vibration damper has an inner pipe, a center pipe, and an outer pipe. A piston on a piston rod is guided to be displaceable in a working space that is formed by the inner pipe. Flow spaces that are hydraulically separated from one another and connected with a valve module are formed between inner pipe and center pipe. The center pipe has a radially projecting formed-out part, at which the center pipe is connected with the outer pipe or the inner pipe, via a press fit. The passage openings of the center pipe and of the outer pipe are disposed in the region of the formed-out part. Also, a separation system for hydraulic separation of the flow spaces is situated in the region of the formed-out part. Also provided is a method for the production of a three-pipe system for a vibration damper.

Abstract: A rotation damper for a vehicle that runs on rails, having piston and cylinder parts moving with respect to one another. This damper has a friction characteristics, that is to say the fluid connection over the piston is not a permanently open hole but exclusively comprises spring-loaded valves. In order to facilitate the installation of such dampers, it is proposed to make a separate connection between the working cylinder and the reservoir in which a valve that can be manually operated is arranged, which valve, on operation, opens a connection as a result of which the piston and cylinder can be moved relative to one another under manual force.

Abstract: A gas chamber (G) and a liquid chamber (R) are separated by a free piston (2) in a cylinder (1) of a hydraulic damper. The free piston (2) comprises a hollow main body (3), a metal bellows (4) which elongates and contracts according to a pressure balance between the gas chamber (G) and liquid chamber (R), and a stopper (8) fixed to the main body (3) for preventing the metal bellows (4) from elongating beyond a predetermined length. By compensating for variation in the capacity of the liquid chamber (R) caused by a displacement of the piston (10) in the cylinder (1) by elongation or contraction of the metal bellows (4), the damping characteristic of the damper is prevented from becoming unstable due to a frictional force acting on the free piston (2). The stopper (8) prevents excessive stress from being exerted on the metal bellows (4).

Abstract: A piston-cylinder unit, in particular gas spring, has a cylindrical pressure tube which has a surface protection on its outer surface. The piston-cylinder unit further has a piston, which is axially displaceable within the pressure tube and has a piston rod. The piston rod is led out of the pressure tube in a sealed manner through an end side opening at a piston-rod-exit end side of the pressure tube. To improve the corrosion prevention properties and the durability of the surface protection, an end region of the pressure tube which starts from the piston-rod-exit end side is excluded from the surface protection. A process for producing such a piston-cylinder unit is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas spring with end position damping having a piston-cylinder unit which is provided with two identically configured pistons arranged in a mirror-like image. Each piston has two axially extending parts defining an annular groove therebetween. The groove is configured to receive an annular sealing ring operative to axially move within the groove. The groove, the pistons and cylinder are configured with an arrangement of flow passages providing damping at the end of the push-in and push-out strokes of the piston.

Abstract: A damper for an airplane landing gear leg comprises a main strut (11) and a rod piston (13) co-operating with the strut (11) to define a main chamber (15) and annular chamber (16) for hydraulic fluid, and presenting internally two adjacent chambers (19, 20) that are isolated from each other by a separator piston (21). The damper (10) further comprises a first secondary strut (26) telescopically Slidable on the above-mentioned rod piston (13), and a second secondary strut (37) telescopically slidable on the other end of the first secondary strut (26). The two second annular chambers (31, 40) as defined in this way are respectively connected to associated control circuits thus enabling the total length of the damper to be shortened or lengthened respectively for the purpose of causing the landing gear to contract or to be extended.

Abstract: A cylindrical molding based on cellular polyurethane elastomers having a density according to DIN EN ISO 845 of from 300 to 900 kg/m3, a tensile strength according to DIN EN ISO 1798 of ?2.

Abstract: Helicopter reduced vibration axial support struts and aircraft suspension system are disclosed with at least one vibration controlling fluid containing strut. The powered struts include an outer rigid housing containing an inner rigid member and first and second variable volume fluid chambers. Fluid pressure differentials are created between the first and second variable volume fluid chambers to control motion between the strut ends. The powered fluid containing struts, support isolators, suspension systems, and methods of operation provide reduced helicopter aircraft vibrations.

Abstract: A string type air damper includes a cylinder formed in a tubular shape, defining a guide hole at one end portion thereof, a piston, which moves in the cylinder, a helical spring for biasing the piston toward the other end portion of the cylinder, and a string member guided from inside of the cylinder to outside thereof through the guide hole. The piston and the string member are integrally formed. Since the string member is formed integrally with the piston, unlike a method according to a related art, it becomes unnecessary to form a loop at the base end portion of the string member with a complicated work and form a hook portion at the piston and hook the base end portion of the string member at the hook portion of the piston. Therefore, the string type air damper can be very easily assembled.

Abstract: An air spring assembly is mounted to a shock absorber to form a strut assembly. The shock absorber includes an outer cylinder with an internal piston and piston rod mounted within the outer cylinder. The piston rod is mounted to a vehicle frame member and the outer cylinder is mounted to a vehicle wheel. The air spring assembly includes a flexible member and an air spring piston that is supported by the outer cylinder. One end of the air spring piston is crimped around the flexible member to form a sealed attachment interface between the outer cylinder and the flexible member.

Abstract: Damping element having a container tube, a piston mounted with freedom of movement in the damping medium-filled tube, a piston rod connected to the piston, and a fastening part for connecting the damping element to the first of the masses which are to be isolated from each other as effectively as possible with respect to vibration, where the piston rod is connected to the other of the masses. The fastening part includes a shaft and a fork, which serves to connect the fastening part to the first mass, where the fork is permanently connected to the shaft outside the area of the fork which is subject to dynamically alternating loads.

Abstract: A suspension system disposed in a bicycle fork. The suspension system includes inner and outer tubes, first and second bushings, a steering mechanism and a shock-absorbing mechanism. The first and second bushings are disposed between the inner and outer tubes to facilitate the sliding of the inner tube within the outer tube. The steering mechanism prevents relative rotation between the inner and outer tubes and is disposed between the first and second bushings. With this configuration, the ratio of the bushing length to the inner tube diameter is greater than 4, resulting in the suspension fork handling most lateral loads without binding.

Abstract: A suspension system for a motor vehicle body having a level regulating device for setting a predetermined height of the motor vehicle body includes an outer tube and at least one piston-cylinder assembly arranged in the outer tube and having a working cylinder, a piston rod and a damping piston having damping valves. The suspension system further includes an oil reservoir with inflow and outflow lines for conducting a flow of oil between the oil reservoir and the at least one piston-cylinder assembly. A pump including a pump piston and a drive is arranged for pumping oil through the inflow and outflow lines for setting the predetermined height of the motor vehicle body. To connect the pump, a base is sealingly arranged on the outer tube, wherein the pump is connectable to the base in at least two operative positions.

Abstract: A hydraulic shock absorber has an outer body with a central bore. A first piston is telescopingly received in the central bore adjacent a closed end thereof, and has a generally annular shape with an inner surface defining a central piston bore, and an outer surface disposed adjacent the sidewall of the central body bore to define a first annularly-shaped metering aperture. A second piston is telescopingly received in the central bore of the first piston, and has an outer surface disposed adjacent to the inner surface of the first piston to define a second annularly-shaped metering aperture therebetween. Hydraulic fluid is disposed in the central body bore between the closed end thereof and the pistons, such that inwardly directed impact forces on the pistons displace the hydraulic fluid through the metering apertures to progressively dampen the impact forces.

Abstract: In a strut type shock absorber (1), a lower cap (2) is welded onto an inner circumferential surface of an outer shell (3) at a step (16) formed in a retreated position from an axial tip of the outer shell (3). The axial tip of the outer shell (3) is welded onto the inner circumferential surface of a knuckle bracket (6) which holds the outer shell (3). Since welding of the lower cap (2) onto the outer shell (3) and welding of the knuckle bracket (6) onto the outer shell (3) are conducted at different positions, the lower cap (2) is welded onto the outer shell (3) without suffering from blowholes irrespective of the material forming the knuckle bracket (6), and as a result, a weld bead (17) having a high degree of air-tightness is formed.

Abstract: A shock absorber that combines both the suspension function and the shock absorbing function in one unit. It has an elongated shock body filled with hydraulic fluid and a piston mounted on a piston rod that reciprocally travels within the shock body. The shock body is telescopically received in a bypass cylinder body having a greater diameter that produces an annular chamber between the outer surface of the shock body and the inner surface of the bypass cylinder body. A coil spring is mounted on the outside surface of the bypass cylinder body to provide a suspension function by the shock absorber. A plurality of bypass tubes are associated with longitudinally spaced ports in the shock body. Adjuster rods are telescopically received inside the respective bypass tubes for controlling whether the individual ports are closed, partially open, or fully open. These adjuster rods would be manipulated externally of the shock absorber assembly.

Abstract: An electromagnetic suspension system comprises a universal joint mechanism for permitting radial movement of a cylinder relative to a center yoke while preventing axial movement of the cylinder relative to the center yoke. Since the cylinder is capable of radial movement relative to the center yoke, if a lateral force acts on the cylinder, the lateral force acting on a hydraulic damper does not have any significant effect on the center yoke 17 with respect to radial movement or rocking movement thereof. Therefore, excessive sliding friction does not occur in a center-yoke dry metal and a piston-rod dry metal, thereby ensuring smooth axial relative displacement between the center yoke and an outer yoke.

Abstract: A shock absorber assembly includes a damping adjustment mechanism that can easily be incorporated into a twin cylinder design. The shock absorber includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder mounted within the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder is spaced apart from the outer cylinder to define a gap. A piston is mounted within a fluid filled chamber formed within the inner cylinder to dampen vibrations. Holes are drilled into the wall of the inner cylinder to provide fluid ports that can communicate with the gap to form a bi-directional fluid path as the piston moves back and forth within the chamber to dampen vibrations. To provide variable damping, the outer cylinder includes an eccentric inner diameter to outer diameter profile that allows damping adjustment between high and low damping forces. The damping force is adjusted by rotating the outer cylinder relative to the inner cylinder to vary the size of the gap with respect to the ports.