Abstract: The present invention obtains a control system and a control method capable of appropriately suppressing rear lift-up of a straddle-type vehicle. In the control system and the control method according to the present invention, damping forces of suspensions and a braking force generated to the straddle-type vehicle are controlled. Braking force adjustment control is executed to adjust the braking force generated to the straddle-type vehicle so as to suppress the rear lift-up that causes a rear wheel of the straddle-type vehicle to lift off from the ground, and initiation timing of the braking force adjustment control is controlled by using a physical quantity to which states of the suspensions are reflected.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit comprises: a first pressure-boosting flow path that connects a first main flow path and a first wheel cylinder; a first pressure-boosting valve that is disposed in the first pressure-boosting flow path and that opens in a non-energized state; a first pressure-reducing flow path that connects the first wheel cylinder and a reservoir; a first pressure-reducing valve that is disposed in the first pressure-reducing flow path and that closes in a non-energized state; a second pressure-boosting flow path; a second pressure-boosting valve; a second pressure-reducing flow path; and a second pressure-reducing valve. A control unit comprises: a first drive circuit that controls the first pressure-reducing valve; and a second drive circuit that is separate from the first drive circuit and that controls the second pressure-reducing valve.

Abstract: A method for operating an electronic brake system for motor vehicles includes determining, by a brake control unit, respective brake pressures acting on wheel brakes by controlling a pressure distribution ratio of brake pressures acting on wheel brakes of a front axle to brake pressures acting on wheel brakes of a rear axle of the motor vehicle. The method further includes receiving, by the brake control unit, driver brake requests determined by a driver of the motor vehicle and/or external brake requests and determining, by the brake control unit, appropriate brake pressures. The brake control unit takes into consideration an initial pressure distribution ratio value, which is ascertained in a driver braking mode or in a pressure control mode and is stored and kept available for later consideration.

Abstract: A brake hydraulic pressure control unit capable of improving mountability of a brake system on a motorcycle is obtained. In addition, a brake system for a motorcycle including such a brake hydraulic pressure control unit and a motorcycle are obtained. In the brake hydraulic pressure control unit of the brake system for a motorcycle, an inlet valve, an outlet valve, and a pump in one of hydraulic circuits as a boost-type hydraulic circuit and a first valve and a second valve in the hydraulic circuit are separately provided in a primary base body and a secondary base body. The primary base body and the secondary base body are separated from each other.

Abstract: During a fuel cut-off control, if a vehicle deceleration rate becomes greater than a rapid deceleration determination value, which is calculated based on a rotational resistance of internal combustion engine 1, a vehicle is determined to be in a state of rapid deceleration. The rapid deceleration determination value is set to decrease as the rotational resistance of internal combustion engine 1 increases. The rotational resistance thereof increases as the vehicle speed decreases, and increases as a transmission gear ratio increases. Thereby, during decelerating on a high vehicle speed side, an erroneous determination of rapid deceleration due to a longitudinal vibration of the vehicle that occurs when the fuel cut-off control starts can be prevented, and during decelerating on a low vehicle speed side, a determination of rapid deceleration can be implemented to terminate the fuel cut-off control and thereby prevent the internal combustion engine 1 from being stopped.

Abstract: A vehicle brake system has front and rear wheel brakes with each brake including a caliper associated with a rotor. A master cylinder is activated by a brake pedal to which the wheel brakes are connected. An electrically controllable pressure generating device delivers a brake system pressure. A plurality of valves is fluidly coupled between the calipers and the master cylinder. A control unit has a processor circuit to determine if the vehicle is operating under a condition where brake noise can occur and if so, the control unit controls the pressure generating device and certain of the valves to selectively control caliper pressure by supplying pressure or releasing pressure to certain ones of the calipers to reduce the brake noise, while ensuring adequate braking of the vehicle.

Abstract: A hydraulic brake system includes two brake circuits, a tandem master brake cylinder which is connected to the two brake circuits and includes a float piston, and a means for adjusting a position of the float piston, wherein a defined distribution of brake power between the two brake circuits is commensurate with the position of the float piston.

Abstract: The invention relates to a control valve (16) for an air spring, comprising a housing (41), an exhaust duct that has an exhaust tappet (26) for opening of closing the exhaust duct, which exhaust tappet interacts with a first control means (19), a ventilation duct that has a ventilation tappet (27) for opening or closing the ventilation duct, which ventilation tappet interacts with a second control means (20), and a supplemental duct having a supplemental tappet (28) for opening or closing the supplemental duct, which supplemental tappet interacts with a third control means (21), wherein a first air connection A connects to the exhaust duct and a second air connection P connects to the exhaust duct together with the supplemental duct, wherein a first control means (19) and a second control means (20) are arranged to one another in such a manner that said control means cannot be actuated at the same time by an control element (18), and wherein the second control means (20) and the third control means (21) are a

Abstract: A brake control apparatus includes a main brake controller configured to control a brake fluid pressure supplied to main brakes provided to a vehicle's four wheels according to a proceeding vehicle's traveling conditions to automatically stop the vehicle using a braking operation of the main brakes and maintain the stop condition and an auxiliary brake controller configured to control parking auxiliary brakes provided to right and left front wheels or right and left rear wheels of the vehicle to perform a braking operation so as to maintain the stop condition of the vehicle. When the auxiliary brakes perform the braking operation while the brake fluid pressure is being supplied to the main brakes to stop the vehicle, the main brake controller rapidly reduces the brake fluid pressure to a predetermined fluid pressure value and then gradually reduces the brake fluid pressure before the main brakes are released.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide braking systems and methods for a motor vehicle. One braking system includes a primary braking system, a speed sensor, a brake pedal, a parking brake, and a processor coupled to the parking brake and the primary braking system. The processor is configured to engage the primary braking system when the parking brake is activated and the motor vehicle is traveling at a speed at least equal to a pre-determined speed.

Abstract: In a brake system for a vehicle, a first control mode and a second control mode are provided by which it is possible to cope with variations in the running environments such as changes between traveling on a public road and traveling on a circuit racecourse and variations in road conditions such as changes between a dry road surface and a wet road surface. A mode change-over switch is disposed between a kill switch on the upper side and a starter switch on the lower side, on the vehicle body center side relative to a right grip. Switching between the first control mode and the second control mode is carried out by use of the mode change-over switch.

Abstract: A vehicular braking apparatus including a shut-off valve for shutting off, as needed, a flow of oil from a wheel cylinder to a master cylinder; a pressure increase-decrease control valve increasing and decreasing a pressure in the wheel cylinder; a reservoir receiving and storing in a reservoir chamber the oil from the wheel cylinder when the pressure increase-decrease control valve is in a pressure decrease position; a pump sucking in and pressuring the oil from the reservoir chamber and supplying the oil to the wheel cylinder via the pressure increase-decrease control valve when the pressure increase-decrease control valve is in a pressure increase position; and a communication control valve controlling communication between the master cylinder and the reservoir chamber. The communication control valve is a normally-closed valve and is opened by a suction pressure of the pump.

Abstract: A valve intended to disconnect, in specific circumstances, the braking of the front wheels, and/or of a trailer whose braking system is connected through a trailer braking valve, for the braking system of a farm tractor or similar vehicle which includes two master cylinders, operated by two separate braking pedals, directly controlling the braking of the rear wheels, and controlling the braking of the front wheels and/or the braking device of the trailer through the disconnection valve. The disconnection valve includes a body, first and second inlet connections connected to the two master cylinders, and a delivery connection connected to a braking circuit of the front wheels and/or to the trailer brake valve. The valve body has a bore wherein is installed one movable piston subjected to the action of pressure applied to the first inlet connection.

Abstract: In a brake system for a vehicle, a first control mode and a second control mode are provided by which it is possible to cope with variations in the running environments such as changes between traveling on a public road and traveling on a circuit racecourse and variations in road conditions such as changes between a dry road surface and a wet road surface. A mode change-over switch is disposed between a kill switch on the upper side and a starter switch on the lower side, on the vehicle body center side relative to a right grip. Switching between the first control mode and the second control mode is carried out by use of the mode change-over switch.

Abstract: In a brake system including a master cylinder and an electrically-driven hydraulic pressure generator with front and rear pistons, when the hydraulic pressure generator cannot be operated and a failure of a first hydraulic system linked to a rear fluid chamber of the generator occurs and makes a first hydraulic system open to the atmosphere, the brake-fluid pressure of a second hydraulic system transmitted from the master cylinder to a wheel cylinder via a front fluid chamber of the generator is used to perform braking. A forward-facing third front cup seal provided at an intermediate portion of the front piston prevents the brake-fluid pressure generated by the master cylinder from leaking out from a front supply port via the rear fluid chamber. At the same time, a stopper prevents the pressure of the front fluid chamber from moving the front piston excessively backward. The braking is accordingly secured by use of the second hydraulic system linked to the front fluid chamber of the motor cylinder.

Abstract: A braking device for the motorcycle is configured to permit actuation control in an interlocking manner of a rear-wheel brake caliper and a front-wheel brake caliper based on an operation of a brake pedal. The braking device includes a hydraulic pressure detector for detecting rear-wheel brake hydraulic pressure caused by the operation of the brake pedal; a determining portion that determines whether or not a detected value by the hydraulic pressure detector is a predetermined value or more; and a hydraulic pressure controller that, when it is determined by the determining portion that the detected value is the predetermined value or more, changes a rising rate of the rear-wheel brake hydraulic pressure to a value lower than a rising rate during a period until the time when the rear-wheel brake hydraulic pressure reaches the predetermined value to control the rear-wheel brake hydraulic pressure, and also controls front-wheel brake hydraulic pressure.

Abstract: A tractor braking device has a first hydraulic circuit for activating a rear left brake and a second hydraulic circuit for activating a rear right brake. Simultaneous activation of both hydraulic circuits actuates at least one front brake in addition to at least one rear brake.

Abstract: An integral brake system for motorcycles, in which a hydraulic brake system acts on one wheel is connected by a hydraulic line to a main brake cylinder which is controllable with a first brake lever, a brake system acts on the other wheel, with an actuator controllable by both the first brake lever and a second brake lever, and an electronic control unit that contains a regulating device for controlled distribution of the brake force between the two wheels. The electronic control unit is connected by electric control lines to a sensor that responds to operation of the hydraulic brake system, to the actuator and to the second brake lever. The control unit controls the actuator as a function of the output signal of the sensor or, in the event of operation of the second brake lever, to activate the brake system that acts on the second wheel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a brake system configured to enhance control and maneuverability of a three-wheeled agricultural applicator. The brake system includes a brake pedal in fluid communication with a rear brake system and a front brake system. The front brake system includes a flow limiter in communication with a brake actuator configured to delay application of a second braking force by the front brake system relative to application of a first braking force by the rear brake system. The front brake system includes a front brake mechanism comprising a caliper assembly in combination with a disc brake configured to apply the second braking force to the at least one front wheel assembly. The caliper assembly employs a spacer combined with a series of bushings to float the caliper assembly in general alignment with movement of the disc brake caused by dynamic forces associated with operation of the vehicle.

Abstract: In a hydraulic vehicle braking systems operable via hydraulic external energy from a pump or, in the event the pump malfunctions, via hydraulic energy made available using a master brake cylinder via muscle-powered energy, provision is made for safe braking via muscle-powered energy such that at least one cylinder-piston configuration isolates at least two wheel brakes from the hydraulic pressure medium that is able to be pumped by the pump. The hydraulic vehicle-braking system incorporates wheel brakes of one axle that is isolated from a hydraulic pump in terms of pressure medium by a cylinder-piston configuration, which wheel brakes are supplied with pressure medium by one master cylinder chamber of a master brake cylinder. The other master brake cylinder chamber is allocated to the two other wheel brakes of the other vehicle axle, so that given bubble-free pressure medium downstream from the pump, the wheel brakes of both vehicle axles make a contribution to vehicle deceleration.

Abstract: A brake assembly for a motorcycle having a reduced number of components and assembly steps, and a simple control system with no interference between separate hydraulic systems. A brake assembly for a motorcycle provided with a front brake and a rear brake respectively for a front wheel and a rear wheel includes a first brake actuator and second brake actuator.

Abstract: A motor vehicle braking device includes a piston connected to the hydraulic braking circuit and connected to at least one damping element of the rear wheel or wheels, to measure the load exerted on the rear wheel or wheels. The device also includes a valve able to decrease the pressure at the calipers of the front wheel or wheels and able to supply the necessary load to the rear wheel or wheels of the vehicle to prevent any unwanted lifting of said rear wheel or wheels in the event of heavy breaking.

Abstract: A hydraulic balanced braking system, comprising two oil pressure cylinders, two hydraulic brakes, and an oil-pressure balance unit. The two oil pressure cylinders are mounted close to braking handles. The oil-pressure balance unit is inserted between the two oil pressure cylinders and the two hydraulic brakes and further comprises two parallelly oriented oil cylinders, two primary pistons, two secondary pistons, and a connecting plate. Two inlets at upper sides of the two oil cylinders are connected with the two oil pressure cylinders, respectively, transmitting oil pressure from the two oil pressure cylinders to the two primary pistons. The two secondary pistons are mounted below and driven downward by the two primary pistons, respectively, thus generating oil pressure and via two outlets driving a braking movement of the two hydraulic brakes.

Abstract: A motor vehicle braking device includes a piston connected to the hydraulic braking circuit and connected to at least one damping element of the rear wheel or wheels, to measure the load exerted on the rear wheel or wheels. The device also includes a valve able to decrease the pressure at the calipers of the front wheel or wheels and able to supply the necessary load to the rear wheel or wheels of the vehicle to prevent any unwanted lifting of said rear wheel or wheels in the event of heavy breaking.

Abstract: A vehicle has a hydraulic utility system for supplying a pressurized fluid to a number of user devices, including two axles, each having at least one wheel; and a brake assembly for each of the axles; a valve being provided to feed the pressurized fluid of the hydraulic system directly to one of the two brake assemblies in response to a signal from the other of the two brake assemblies.

Abstract: A brake assembly for a motorcycle provided with a hydraulically actuated front brake and rear brake for a front wheel and a rear wheel, respectively, including a first brake actuating device and a second brake actuating device, for applying hydraulically pressure to the front and rear brakes; and an electronically controlled braking system, having a first hydraulic system extending from the first brake actuating device connected to the front brake, and a second hydraulic system extending from the second brake actuating device, connected to the rear brake, with an electronic control device receiving detection values for each of the first actuation amount detection device for detecting an actuation amount of the first brake actuating device, and a second actuation amount detection device for detecting an actuation amount of the second brake actuating device, subjecting them to computation, and outputting control signals to a hydraulically controlled actuator based on the result of the computation, and actuating

Abstract: To govern or control the distribution of brake force, first a switch-over to maintaining the brake force or the braking pressure on the rear wheels constant will be performed upon the commencement and/or detection of a braking operation. From the initial vehicle deceleration upon commencement of the braking operation, a vehicle reference quantity is derived by measuring the rotational behavior of the rear wheels, by filtering the measured values and by extrapolation, whereupon the current rotational behavior of the rear wheels is compared with this reference quantity. Preferably, three cases are distinguished in the analysis of the rotational behavior of the rear wheels and thereafter, depending on the result of the analysis, the braking pressure is kept constant or braking pressure increase in the rear-wheel brakes is allowed.

Abstract: A braking device for a vehicle having an operational hydraulic brake system, and an electronically controlled brake system. The hydraulic brake system and the electronically controlled brake system act independently on a brake caliper of a hydraulic brake. The electronically controlled brake system independently controls the hydraulic actuator for applying a hydraulic pressure to the brake caliper with no interference between the brake systems, which increases the degree of freedom of electronic control of the brakes. A braking device is also applied in a vehicle having an ABS control device.

Abstract: A system and method for initiating a braking force distribution control are disclosed. In one embodiment the deceleration of a front wheel and rear wheel are determined. When the front wheel deceleration is less than the rear wheel deceleration, the braking force distribution control is initiated.

Abstract: A brake assembly for a motorcycle provided with a hydraulically actuated front brake and rear brake for a front wheel and a rear wheel, respectively, including, first brake actuating means and second brake actuating means applying hydraulic pressure, and an electronic control means, having a first hydraulic system extending from the first brake actuating means connected to the front brake, and a second hydraulic system extending from the second brake actuating means connected to the rear brake, the electronic control means receiving detection values from each of a first actuation amount detection means for detecting an actuation amount of the first brake actuating means, and second actuation amount detection means for detecting an actuation amount of the second brake actuating means and subjecting the values to computation, outputting control signals to a first hydraulically controlled actuator and a second hydraulically controlled actuator based on the result of computation, and actuating the front brake usi

Abstract: A braking force control valve for an air brake system. The air brake system includes an air compressor for generating compressed air, an air tank for storing the compressed air supplied from the air compressor, an air bellows connected to the air tank, a load sensing valve connected to the air bellows to equilibrate braking force applied to front and rear wheels of the vehicle, a brake valve for operating the load sensing valve, a brake chamber for supplying braking force by receiving the compressed air from the air tank when the brake valve is operated. The braking force control valve comprises a valve body provided with a first port connected to the air tank, a second port connected to the air bellows, a third port connected to the load sensing valve, and a valve mechanism for selectively connecting the third port to either the first port or the second port according to a height variation between a body and an axle shaft of the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicular data recording apparatus records running data regarding a vehicle into a memory in an overwrite manner when the running data needs to be recorded. If the vehicle enters an abnormal state, such as a crash or the like, the apparatus prevents the recording, and retains the running data recorded up to that moment in the memory. The apparatus determines whether the vehicle is in the abnormal state, for example, on the basis of a determination as to whether the vehicle has entered a stopped state within a predetermined time Tc following a time point at which the absolute value of a longitudinal acceleration Gx of the vehicle becomes equal to or greater than a reference value Gx1 and/or a time point at which the absolute value of a lateral acceleration Gy becomes equal to or greater than a reference value Gy1.

Abstract: A motorcycle chassis embodies novel techniques, geometries, and configurations to provide enhanced performance, including new techniques to enhance braking performance. A first feature facilitates the application of braking force to each wheel in proportion to its traction capability. Maximum deceleration rates are provided prior to wheel lockup. A second feature applies liquid cooling to a brake disk. Liquid cooling eliminates brake fade caused by overheating of the brake pad material. Aerodynamic control features in concert with unique component arrangement better protect the rider from wind forces and also reduce aerodynamic drag. Narrow steering bars enclosed by bodywork and deep leg notches in the fairing contour largely remove rider induced air flow trips. The leg notches serve to brace the rider during deceleration, unloading his wrists from much of the braking force. An exhaust system routed over the engine permits a totally smooth body undercarriage to reduce aerodynamic drag.

Abstract: An apparatus is described wherein for a device for controlling the flow of fluid. A housing having an inlet for receiving the fluid, an outlet for discharging the fluid, and a bore connecting the inlet to the outlet is provided. A piston is disposed in the bore and has a through bore for permitting the flow of the fluid through the piston. A valve member is disposed in the bore of the piston and adapted to engage an internal surface of the piston to block fluid flow through the piston and therefore through the housing, the piston responding to an increase in pressure at the outlet as a result of the fluid flow for moving in a direction toward the valve member until the valve member engages the piston surface to restrict fluid flow. A stop member is disposed in the housing and extends into the bore of the piston for stopping movement of the piston after it engages the valve member.

Abstract: A hydraulic brake system for a bicycle includes a body having two inlets respectively connected to two brake levers, and two outlets respectively connected to a front brake assembly and a rear brake assembly. A common groove is defined in the body and communicates with the two inlets and the two outlets by passages. Hydraulic oil filled in the common groove and the passages. An adjusting passage communicates with the common groove and a plug is movably received in the adjusting passage so as to be moved to adjust a communicating between the passages of the front brake assembly and the rear brake assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for controlling braking force distribution in a motor vehicle. In the case of failure of the braking system, the braking force distribution regulator enters emergency mode. The regulation is activated when the speed and the deceleration of the vehicle exceed given minimum values. The invention also concerns emergency measures for regulating the braking force distribution in the case of the certain individual errors.

Abstract: A braking system for braking a motor vehicle by the front and rear brakes of the vehicle's front and rear wheels, respectively, including a distribution control device for controlling a distribution of front and rear wheel braking force produced by the respective front and rear brakes, according to a selected one of a first and a second distribution pattern, each of which represents the front and rear wheel braking forces in relation to each other wherein the rear wheel braking force defined by the second distribution pattern is larger than that defined by the first distribution pattern at least when the front and rear wheel braking forces are smaller than respective predetermined values. The selection of the two distribution patterns may be dependent on vehicle load.

Abstract: Piping associated with interlocked brakes for front and rear wheel brakes is to be simplified to improve maintainability and provide a brake system suitable particularly for a two-wheeled motor vehicle satisfying racing specifications. A braking system includes hydraulic brakes with three hydraulic systems which are a lever hydraulic system for a front wheel brake, an interlocked hydraulic system for a rear wheel brake and a pedal hydraulic system. A pressure sensor detects a hydraulic pressure in the lever hydraulic system and outputs the detected signal to a control unit in the interlocked hydraulic system through an electric wire. The control unit controls the operation of a motor, thereby causing a hydraulic pressure to be developed in a submaster cylinder, which hydraulic pressure is fed to the rear wheel brake through a control valve.

Abstract: A method and a device for controlling a brake system, in which the braking force is regulated in at least one wheel as a function of a driver's command. In an operating state where transition to vehicle standstill is to be expected, the braking force in this at least one wheel is reduced independently of the driver's command.

Abstract: A tandem master cylinder comprising first and second oil chambers having first and second pistons and first and second springs disposed in each of said respective chambers, the second piston being connected with a hydraulic push rod; a bypass chamber; and two one-way valve means mounted at one side of the bypass tube and in the body of the first piston for establishing one-way oil flow passage from the second chamber to the first chamber and then to the second chamber. The tandem master cylinder allows the braking power increasing ratio between the front wheels and the rear wheels to follow a nonlinear curve for improving braking efficiency.

Abstract: A simple, economical brake system for small front-wheel-drive vehicles. The brake system has a hydraulic service brake system for the front axle wheels and an electric service brake system for the rear axle wheels. The hydraulic service brake system has a pedal-actuated master cylinder, from which brake lines lead to hydraulic wheel brakes. There is one shutoff valve in each of the brake lines, and each shutoff valve is bypassed by a line to a pump that pumps pressure fluid from the corresponding wheel brake to the master cylinder. The shutoff valves and the pumps, together with an electronic control unit and sensors that monitor the wheel rotation performance form an anti-lock arrangement for the hydraulic service brake system of the front axle of the vehicle.

Abstract: A brake proportioning valve displaying low restriction to fluid flow and short fluid shear path is suitable for use in vehicular traction control systems and capable of supplying a high volume of fluid to the traction control system high pressure pump under atmospheric pressure. The proportioning valve employs a plunger of two diameters against which hydraulic pressure operates, and a plunger-located check ball held off its seat under low outlet pressure conditions by a control member. The brake proportioning valve provides proportioning of brake fluid pressure to the vehicle non-proportioned brakes relative to the vehicle proportioned brakes during both brake apply and brake release.

Abstract: A regulator (1) having a casing (10) with at least one bore (11) therein. A piston (12) slidably located within the bore (11) to delimit first (13) and second (14) chambers. The first (13) and second (14) chambers being separated from one another by a valve (15) carried on the piston (12) and actuated by a push rod (16). Valve (15) include first (151) and second (152) balls which have different diameters and are mounted in line with respect to corresponding first (155) and second (156) seats. First (153) and second (154) springs act on and urge the first (151) and second (152) balls toward the first (155) and second (156) seats.

Abstract: A dynamic rear proportioning system is integrated with an existing vehicle anti-lock braking system (ABS) and performs the function of the rear brake pressure proportioning where ABS is not required. The rear brake hydraulic channel(s) are isolated from the master cylinder by activating the rear isolation valves, provided in the ABS, to provide the optimum brake force balance, regardless of vehicle loading, without the use of a load sensing mechanism. The system estimates vehicle and wheel deceleration, vehicle speed, and lateral acceleration as well as the rear wheel slip to dynamically control the rear brake force. By continually updating these control parameters, the system can further increase or decrease the rear brake pressure to maintain the optimum brake force balance throughout the braking maneuver.

Abstract: A front/rear interlocking brake system is provided wherein a hydraulic pressure is directly supplied through a lever hydraulic system and a circuit to front brakes. The front brake is provided with a secondary master cylinder for generating a hydraulic pressure due to a brake torque of the front brake. The secondary master cylinder is connected through a lever interlocking hydraulic system and a control valve to a rear brake. A hydraulic pressure is directly supplied from a primary master cylinder through a pedal hydraulic system to the rear brake. Accordingly, the front brakes and the rear brake can be interlockingly operated by operating the lever, and only the rear brake can be operated by operating the pedal.

Abstract: To enhance the reliability of a brake system with electronic control of the brake force distribution, a short pressure reduction pulse, which is negligible for the braking process, is applied to the front wheels (VR, VL) during a braking operation, and the reaction of the front wheels to the pressure reduction pulse is sensed. If imbalance of the front-wheel brakes or a defect is concluded from the reaction, the limitation of the pressure rise in the wheel brakes of the rear wheels (HR, HL), which is an effect of the brake force distribution control, is minimized or eliminated. Thus, the rear wheels provide an increased contribution to the braking process in this situation.

Abstract: A motorcycle braking system distributing liquid pressure to a first front brake, a second front brake and a rear brake includes a first master cylinder actuated by a front brake lever and a second master cylinder actuated by a back brake pedal. The first master cylinder is connected directly to the first front brake and the second front brake. The brake system also employs a pressure controller that distributes liquid pressure from the first and second master cylinders to the second front brake according to the liquid pressure from the second master cylinder. A secondary master cylinder supplies a secondary liquid pressure to the rear brake in response to actuation of the first front brake. The secondary liquid pressure supplied to the back brake is transformed by a pressure-transformer. Using these components, the braking system implements a braking control method that provides improved control of the motorcycle while braking.

Abstract: A vehicle anti-lock braking system having X-crossed two pressure application sub-systems connected to respective independent chambers of a master cylinder, each sub-system including a normally-open first shut-off valve in a front brake cylinder passage between the master cylinder and a front wheel brake cylinder, a series connection of a normally-open second shut-off valve and a proportioning valve disposed in a portion of a rear brake cylinder passage connected to the front brake cylinder passage and a rear wheel brake cylinder, a normally-closed third shut-off valve in a reservoir passage connected to the rear brake cylinder passage and a reservoir, a pump in a pump passage which is connected at one end to the reservoir and the other end to a portion of the rear brake cylinder passage between the proportioning valve and the rear wheel brake cylinder, and a controller for controlling the three shut-off valves.

Abstract: A brake proportioning valve displaying low restriction to fluid flow and short fluid shear path is suitable for use in vehicular traction control systems and capable of supplying a high volume of fluid to the traction control system high pressure pump under atmospheric pressure. The proportioning valve employs a plunger of two diameters against which hydraulic pressure operates, and a plunger-located check ball held off its seat under low outlet pressure conditions by a control member. The brake proportioning valve provides proportioning of brake fluid pressure to the vehicle non-proportioned brakes relative to the vehicle proportioned brakes during both brake apply and brake release.

Abstract: The compensator comprises, in known manner, a body (1) in which are defined two pressure chambers (2, 3), a piston (4) carrying a valve (6) capable of bringing the chambers into communication with one another, a bearing mechanism (8, 81) and a reaction mechanism. The reaction mechanism comprises a second piston (5) sliding inside the first, a deformable member (8), and a locking mechanism (10, 11), in such a manner that the output pressure (P1) as a function of the input pressure (Po) has more than two slopes.