Abstract: A driving assistance system for a transportation vehicle, a corresponding transportation vehicle, and a corresponding operating method. The driving assistance system for supporting the longitudinal control of the transportation vehicle identifies an obstacle ahead of the transportation vehicle based on environment data. According to a first functionality, the driving assistance system causes emergency braking to bring the transportation vehicle to a standstill to avoid a collision. According to a second functionality, the driving assistance system causes a longitudinal control intervention that is reduced compared to the emergency braking to slow down the transportation vehicle once the obstacle is detected and before the transportation vehicle has approached the obstacle to such an extent that the collision is only prevented by emergency braking.

Abstract: A brake caliper and hub bracket assembly for a disc brake of a vehicle, comprising at least one caliper and at least one hub bracket, the brake caliper comprising a caliper body comprising a first elongated element, or vehicle side elongated element, suitable for directly or indirectly facing said first braking surface of the brake disc by at least a first brake pad, and a second elongated element, or wheel side elongated element, opposed to the vehicle side elongated element and suitable for directly or indirectly facing said second braking surface of the brake disc by at least a second brake pad. The vehicle side elongated element comprises at least a first thrust means seat suitable for receiving a piston for exerting a thrust action on the at least first brake pad. The wheel side elongated element comprises at least a second thrust means seat suitable for receiving a piston for exerting a thrust action on the at least second brake pad.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes a retrofitted door brake cam. The retrofitted door brake cam may, in various embodiments, comprise a hub comprising a cylindrical central axle, a plurality of projections extending radially away from an outer circumference of the central axle, and/or a cam comprising a plurality of pins that hold the projections away from a channel wall of a brake housing. The pins may be configured to break away from the cam to release the projections into contact with the channel wall, and the pins may be fitted with a cover, such that the pins are capable of withstanding abrasion and wear. The cover may comprise a cylinder having an axially running aperture, and/or a beveled edge that shaves a layer of the outer surface from one of the plurality of pins as it is fitted over the pin.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of a brake caliper mounting assembly. The assembly can include a caliper bracket and support brackets which secure a brake caliper and a steering knuckle. The caliper bracket can include a top portion which secures a first arm of the brake caliper to a first lug of the steering knuckle along outward sides thereof, a bottom portion which secures a second arm of the brake caliper to a second lug of the steering knuckle along outwards sides thereof, and a stem extending between the top and bottom portions. The assembly can further include a first support bracket which secures the first arm of the brake caliper to the first lug of the steering knuckle along inward sides thereof and a second support bracket which secures the second arm of the brake caliper to the second lug of the steering knuckle along inward sides thereof.

Abstract: A vehicle disc brake assembly includes a brake caliper. The brake caliper has a lug through which a bore extends, the bore having an axis. A guide rod fastener extends through the bore and is secured to a guide rod. An elastic bushing is in the bore between the lug and the guide rod fastener, wherein a circumference of the bushing contacts the lug. A radial clearance is between the lug and the guide rod fastener. The radial clearance is perpendicular to the axis.

Abstract: Floating calliper for disc brake comprising a calliper body and a bracket, wherein the calliper body is suitable for being positioned astride the disc brake, extending from an inner side to an outer side of the calliper, the bracket comprises means of attachment of the calliper for disc brake to a relative support, the calliper body sliding in relation to the bracket in an axial direction, the calliper comprising means of coupling between the calliper body and the bracket, suitable to permit the relative sliding between these parallel to the axial direction. The bracket extends only on the inner side of the calliper and delimits a first seat housing at least a first pad to exert the braking action on an inner side of the disc brake. The calliper body delimits a second seat, axially opposite the first seat, so as to house at least a second pad exerting a braking action on an outer side of the disc brake facing the outer side of the calliper.

Abstract: A disc brake including a brake caliper, which includes two lateral wings which tangentially encompass at least one brake disc, and which is displaceably guided on a brake carrier by two guiding elements, which are arranged opposite with respect to each other and radially with respect to the axis of the brake disc between the brake caliper and the brake carrier, in which a first guiding element in the area of one wing consists of a combination of a sliding bore and a guide pin being guided within it, and in which a second guiding element is configured within the opposite wing as a combination of at least two cooperating guiding surfaces.

Abstract: A mounting arrangement for a disc brake is provided, in which a torque plate affixed to a vehicle axle and a brake caliper mounting frame affixed to the torque plate have corresponding opposing projections and recesses provided to laterally and circumferentially limit relative motion between the torque plate and the mounting frame. A wedge element with at least one angled face is located between correspondingly-angled faces of the mounting frame and/or the torque plate to generate lateral and/or circumferential loading in response to tightening of vertically-oriented fasteners. The use of the angled components substantially reduces the amount of loading required to be applied by the vertical fasteners to resist relative motion between the torque plate and the mounting frame.

Abstract: A brake caliper assembly comprising a housing including inlet and outlet ends collectively defining forward and rearward directions. The housing includes an abutting surface facing in the rearward direction and positioned closer to the inlet end than to the outlet end. A pad assembly includes an engaging surface in engagement with the abutting surface to thereby substantially prevent movement of the pad assembly in the forward direction. The outlet end of the housing is free from a feature that substantially prevents movement of the pad assembly in the forward direction. The pad assembly includes a base and a projection extending from the base in the rearward direction and defining the engaging surface. The outlet end of the pad assembly can include an alignment member extending in the forward direction and engaging the housing in a direction substantially perpendicular to the forward direction.

Abstract: An electric parking brake includes an actuator, first and second linings adjacent respectively to first and second end surfaces of a brake disk, and first and second braking members. Through operation of the actuator, the first lining is driven by the first braking member to move toward or away from the first end surface in a direction to thereby move the second braking member toward or away from the second end surface in an opposite direction, so that the first and second linings can be moved toward each other to clamp the brake dish therebetween.

Abstract: A mounting system for a brake pad in the housings of a disk brake yoke in which the brake pad comprises at its ends two mounting ears (10), each ear being mounted in a housing of a disk brake yoke. The mounting system comprises for each pad ear, a spring (5) of linear or lamella shape, intended to bear, on the one hand, below a lower face (12) of the ear and, on the other hand, on the lower face of the housing of the yoke so as to separate the lower face (12) of the ear from the lower face of the housing.

Abstract: A back plate is biased radially inward of a disc rotor by a spring, engaged at two locations on a torque reception surface with a caliper support shaft, and engaged at one location on a torque reception surface with a caliper support shaft. Inner and outer shims are disposed toward a back plate and pistons, respectively, and a friction factor between the back plate and the inner shim and that between the pistons and the outer shim are higher than that between the inner and outer shims. The inner shim is movable with the back plate in radial and circumferential directions and is movable relative to the back plate in the axial direction, and the outer shim is movable with the back plate in radial and circumferential directions, is movable relative to the back plate in the axial direction, and is rotatable about the radially inner support shaft axis.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a cord assembly for replacement of an outer beam and a carrier including the same which may provide an improved degree of freedom in design and prevent damage to the carrier. The cord assembly for replacement of an outer beam, which is fastened to a carrier at which a pair of pad plates is installed to be movable forward and backward with pads attached to inner surfaces of the pad plates to be squeezed against a disc rotating together with a wheel of a vehicle, includes at least one cord having a predetermined stiffness and formed by twisting at least two steel wires and fasteners fastened to both ends of the at least one cord to be installed at coupling portions protruding respectively from both ends of the carrier.

Abstract: Vehicle disk brake designed as a service brake and as a parking- or immobilizing brake, having a brake anchor plate, which is to be fastened to the chassis of a motor vehicle by at least one screw bolt and in which two guide bolts are accommodated in order to guide a brake caliper displaceably relative to the brake anchor plate, and having a hydraulic chamber, in which a brake piston is accommodated in order to bring friction linings into and out of frictional engagement with a brake disk. A separately manipulable assembly is built onto the vehicle disk brake and has an electric motor as well as an electronic control and power device in order, independently of a hydraulic actuation of the brake piston, to actuate the brake piston via a rotary-to-linear motion converter in the sense of bringing the friction linings into and out of engagement with the brake disk.

Abstract: An object is to stably exhibit a two-stage spring characteristic of a plate spring for restraining the generation of a clonk noise in a disc brake apparatus for use in a vehicle. A plate spring 90 for restraining the generation of a clonk noise has a fixture portion 91 having a shape resembling the squarish letter U and elastically fixed to a back plate 61, and an extension portion 92 extending continuously from the fixture portion 91. The extension portion 92 includes an engagement subportion 92a engaged with a support member at all times; a curved subportion 92b located between the engagement subportion 92a and the fixture portion 91; and a contact-engagement subportion 92c located between the curved subportion 92b and the fixture portion 91.

Abstract: A brake caliper mounting assembly that includes a steering knuckle, a brake caliper, and first and second mounting blocks. The first and second mounting blocks are mounted to the steering knuckle. The brake caliper is mounted on the first and second blocks.

Abstract: A disc brake having spaced apart first cantilever beams that extend from an anchor and second cantilever beams that extend from the first beams back toward the anchor. A caliper is retained on the anchor by a pin to align first and second friction members with a rotor. Pressurized fluid that acts on a piston moves the first friction member into engagement with the rotor creates an axial force that axially slides the caliper on the pin and moves the second friction member into engagement with the rotor to create a clamping force that urges the friction members into engagement with the rotor. The clamping force rotates the caliper on the pin and brings the first friction member into engagement with the first cantilever beam and the second friction member into engagement with the third cantilever beam to oppose the rotation of the caliper during a brake application.

Abstract: A disk brake (1) usually comprises a caliper (2), a carrier (3) and friction means (8, 9). The caliper is slideably mounted on the carrier. To improve the braking performance of such a disk brake while reducing the manufacturing cost, the invention provides that a first friction means is retained rotationally by the carrier while a second friction means is retained rotationally by the caliper. The disk brake according to the present invention is also characterized in that the carrier has at least two guide pins (17, 18), the caliper being slideably mounted on the carrier via these two pins, the caliper having at least two bores (19, 20) able to receive one pin each.

Abstract: Systems and methods for whirl mitigation in an aircraft braking system are provided. For example, an apparatus is provided comprising a brake disk stack including a torque tube having a first axial end and a second axial end, a back leg near a first axial end of the torque tube, and a circumferentially disposed spline extending from the back leg towards the second axial end of the torque tube.

Abstract: A quick mounting combined wheel and brake assembly, includes a hub for mounting on a vehicle axle for rotatably mounting a wheel and at least one component of a brake assembly, a quick connect device for detachably mounting the hub on the axle, a brake assembly having a stationary component mounted on the hub, and a rotating component mounted on and rotatable with the wheel, and a brake actuator mounted in the axle and extendable into the hub for actuating the brake assembly.

Abstract: Systems and methods disclosed herein may be useful for improved torque tubes. In this regard, an apparatus is provided comprising a torque tube having an axis, a proximal terminus and a distal back leg, a first spline circumferentially disposed on the torque tube, a second spline circumferentially disposed on the torque tube, the first spline extending from a first location proximal to the distal back leg to a first terminal point, and the second spline extending from a second location proximal to the distal hack leg to a second terminal point, the second terminal point being distal to the first terminal point.

Abstract: A caliper assembly comprising: a brake pad comprising a carrier plate having two opposing faces and two opposing side edges each having an ear which is adapted to seat in pad locator indentations in a support structure, wherein on one face is friction material and on the opposing face is a projection adapted to seat in a matched recess in a caliper body; a support structure having at least two pad locator indentations for receiving the ears located on the brake pad and at least two caliper body locator indentations for seating two ears defined by the caliper body; and a caliper body having a recess for seating the projection on the opposing face of the brake pad and having two ears adapted to seat in the caliper body locator indentations of the support structure; and a clip which holds the brake pad in position.

Abstract: A brake assembly includes a brake pad, a bracket supporting the brake pad and having a first portion, a second portion spaced apart from the first portion, and a linkage interconnecting the first and second portions. The linkage is configured to transfer tensile loads between the first and second portion, but is characterized by the absence of any bending modes. The absence of bending modes prevents excitation of the linkage, thereby reducing sound generated during application of the brake assembly.

Abstract: A disk brake including a mount member having a pin insertion portion integrally connected to a connection portion so as to outwardly protrude from an outer surface of the connection portion in a radial direction of a disk rotor. A tip of a pin insertion hole of the pin insertion portion is positioned at an inner side of a vehicle relative to an outer portion. Thus, it is possible to prevent a braking torque from affecting the pin insertion portion of the mount member. As a result, it is possible to prevent a slide pin from interfering with an inner wall surface of the pin insertion hole, thereby preventing a brake judder phenomenon from occurring during a braking operation.

Abstract: A clip comprising: a body portion; one or more arms connected to the body portion and projecting away from the body portion; a deformable portion of the one or more arms that is distal from the body portion; and a lip on the one or more arms that is proximate to the body portion.

Abstract: A torque plate for a vehicle brake is comprised of a sheet metal body. The sheet metal body includes a center opening that defines a lateral axis and a plurality of mounting holes. The center opening receives an axle housing and the mounting holes are used to secure the vehicle brake to the torque plate. Each mounting hole is defined by a center axis that is non-parallel to the lateral axis.

Abstract: A brake support plate secures a caliper for disk brakes or the components of a drum brake to a wheel suspension or to a wheel axle. The brake support plate includes an axle opening with a snug-fit section for receiving an axle element, wherein the snug-fit section is slightly smaller than a corresponding section of the axle element. A circumference of the axle opening includes at least one discontinuation, such as, for example, a slot where the snug-fit section can be expanded for assembly. A securing element is disposed in such a manner as to decrease the discontinuation so that the snug-fit section returns to substantially its original size.

Abstract: A disc brake apparatus which can securely suppress clunking sounds not only at the time of forward braking of a vehicle but also at the time of back braking of the vehicle is provided. When a backing metal 6A of a brake pad 6 shifts toward a first torque receiving part 3C of a torque member 3 along with an operation for forward braking of the vehicle, a leading end part of a spring piece 9A engages one slope of an engaging projection 6E, so as to elastically press the backing metal 6A toward the first torque receiving part 3C, whereby the disc brake apparatus is held in a first contact state. When the backing metal 6A shifts toward a second torque receiving part 3D of the torque member 3 along with an operation for back braking of the vehicle, the leading end part of the spring piece 9A engages the other slope of the engaging projection 6E, so as to elastically press the backing metal 6A toward the second torque receiving part 3D, whereby the disc brake apparatus is held in a second contact state.

Abstract: A disc brake operable to apply a clamping force to a rotatable disc, the disc brake comprising: a support bracket including a pair of spaced apart frame members at opposite ends of the support bracket, each frame member having a surface with at least three arms extending therefrom, the at least three arms include a first arm, a second arm, and a third arm, each arm having an opening and being disposed in series with a spacing, therebetween, two opposing spaced apart slide pins engaged with the openings of the first, second and third arms such that at least one of the first, second, and third arms are configured to support the slide pins, inner and outer brake shoes, and a caliper body slidably supported by the slide pins, the caliper body having a slidable piston operable to cause the inner and outer brake shoes to move towards one another.

Abstract: The invention relates to a brake device for vehicles, in particular for utility vehicles, with a mounting device attachable to a stationary part of the vehicle, whereby the mounting device, when viewed along the brake axis, consists of two end sections and a first connection section in-between. According to the invention it is provided that the first connection section has an opening for at least partial acceptance of a radial lug of the stationary part.

Abstract: An axle shaft includes an electromechanically or pneumatically actuated disc brake, especially for a useful vehicle. The brake disc and the caliper can be displaced in relation to each other, and the caliper is fixed to the axle shaft on at least two fixing plates extending preferably from the axle shaft in different directions, at at least respectively one fixing point. The axle shaft is characterized by the arrangement, especially the orientation and/or embodiment, of the fixing plates, and the fixing points of the caliper or of an optional brake carrier on the fixing plates, which is selected in such a way that there is either no displacement of the fixing points on the fixing plates or a parallel displacement of the fixing points on both fixing plates perpendicularly to the brake disc.

Abstract: A disk brake having a brake caliper, which engages axially in a U shape around a rotatable brake disk is provided. The disk brake includes a caliper bridge, two caliper limbs and at least one actuating device. At least one brake lining is mounted in an axially movable fashion in the brake caliper. The caliper bridge has, in the peripheral direction, at least three substantially axially extending supports, wherein two of the supports are embodied as a main support and one support is embodied as a central support. These supports connect the two caliper limbs and in the process form two windows and axially project beyond the brake disk. The central support projects both beyond the brake disk and beyond the brake lining in the axial direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a disk brake for a motor vehicle brake system having a frame-type housing, at least two brake pad arrangements, which are accommodated in the frame-type housing and between which a brake disk that is rotatable about an axis of rotation may be accommodated, and at least two guide bolts, which are mounted on the housing and on which at least one of the brake pad arrangements is guided with play in an axially displaceable manner. To avoid undesirable noises in this disk brake it is provided that on the brake pad arrangement guided on the guide bolts at least one spring means is mounted, which biases said brake pad arrangement relative to the guide bolts into a position corresponding to a tilting movement that results during braking of the brake disk from a braking torque acting on the brake pad arrangement.

Abstract: A caliper brake including a mounting bracket adapted to be secured to a vehicle. The mounting bracket includes a pair of laterally spaced holes, and a mounting bolt is received through each hole. Each bolt includes a head and a threaded portion on opposing ends, and a nut is received on each threaded portion. An inner spacer extends between the mounting bracket and the nut on each bolt, and an outer spacer extends between the mounting bracket and the head on each bolt.

Abstract: A disc brake includes an actuation mechanism, and first and second brake pad mounting structures to be located, in use, adjacent opposing inboard and outboard faces, respectively, of a brake rotor to be braked. The disc brake further includes first and second brake pads located by the first and second mounting structures, respectively, such that upon application of the actuation mechanism, the brake pads clamp the brake rotor, and brake torque is reacted by the brake pad mounting structures. The first brake pad has a different functional requirement to the second brake pad such that fitment of the first brake pad in the second brake pad mounting structure and/or the second brake pad in the first brake pad mounting structure impairs the safety, functionality or durability of the brake.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a brake carrier for a disk brake, which comprises a flange facing in parallel to the brake disk plane. The brake carrier comprises a flange facing having at least two sections that are configured on respective shoulders on the side of the brake carrier facing away from the brake disk.

Abstract: An optimized disc brake includes two fixed mountings and one free mounting, and an assembly space optimized brake carrier and corresponding brake lining for a reaction side of the disc brake are provided.

Abstract: A brake caliper structure of a straddle seat off-load vehicle includes a brake caliper having a caliper bracket, a caliper assembly connected to the caliper bracket by two connecting portions so that the caliper assembly can move relative to the caliper bracket to clamp a brake disc. One connecting portion includes a slide pin connected to the caliper assembly and slidably received in a guide hole in the caliper bracket for effectively guiding movement of the caliper assembly relative to the caliper bracket, and the other connecting portion includes a connecting screw as a fixed pin secured to the caliper bracket, and a rubber bushing as an elastic member disposed between the caliper assembly and the fixed pin for taking up the tilting of the brake disc.

Abstract: A disc brake caliper (4) comprising a first half caliper on the support side and a second half caliper on the wheel side (20, 24), at least one of said portions comprising a seat (28) having a prevailing extension that defines an axial direction (X-X). The caliper comprises at least one inclined bridge element (40) suitable for structurally connecting said first and said second half caliper (20, 24), said at least one bridge element (40) defining a substantial longitudinal prevailing extension direction (S-S) inclined by a predetermined angle (A) relative to the axial direction (X-X).

Abstract: A torque bar on a bicycle braking system comprising of a disc brake caliper assembly including an axle housing, a torque bar mounted to the stator of an inverted hub motor and vehicle frame, wherein said torque bar is attached to the vehicle frame and disc brake caliper and the torque produced by the stator of inverted hub motor is transmitted to the vehicle frame through said torque bar.

Abstract: A brake caliper assembly includes a caliper body connected to a torque plate via a mating protrusion and cavity that transfer torque through facing abutment surfaces to reduce twisting of the caliper. The mating protrusion and cavity provide a stiff connection and also allow use of a smaller, lighter connecting bolt. This arrangement eases removal and reinstallation of the caliper.

Abstract: A brake assembly includes a caliper having a first side portion connected to a second side portion by two circumferentially spaced bridge arms. The brake assembly includes a first brake pad and a second brake pad that are interchangeable and each having first and second circumferential ends. Each of the first and second brake pads have a pad formation remote from the first and second circumferential ends. The first brake pad is fitted in the first side portion of the caliper with the pad formation of the first brake pad engaging a caliper formation of the first portion side of the caliper for transferring braking torque loads from the first brake pad to the first side portion of the caliper.

Abstract: A disk brake has a mount and a pad. The pad has a guide portion and outer and inner push bearing portions on a disk rotor rotation outlet side. The mount has a support portion to support the guide portion movably in a rotor axial direction. The outer and inner push bearing portions are provided on each position outwardly or inwardly of the rotor rotation outlet side guide portion in the radial direction of the rotor, and project toward the mount in the radial direction of the rotor to abut against the mount. The outer push bearing portion has an abutment surface to abut against the mount on a tangent to an outer peripheral side in a central position of the outer peripheral side of a friction surface of the pad radially outwardly in the radial direction of the rotor, or in a position outwardly of the tangent.

Abstract: In a wheel carrier unit comprising a basic wheel carrier member, a support member connecting the basic wheel carrier member to a vehicle body by way of axle links, and a brake cylinder arranged thereon, the brake cylinder is disposed on the side of the wheel carrier unit remote from the wheel location and a housing for a brake application unit serving as mechanical force transmission unit is formed on the opposite side of the wheel carrier unit.

Abstract: A brake support plate secures a caliper for disk brakes or the components of a drum brake to a wheel suspension or to a wheel axle. The brake support plate includes an axle opening with a snug-fit section for receiving an axle element, wherein the snug-fit section is slightly smaller than a corresponding section of the axle element. A circumference of the axle opening includes at least one discontinuation, such as, for example, a slot where the snug-fit section can be expanded for assembly. A securing element is disposed in such a manner as to decrease the discontinuation so that the snug-fit section returns to substantially its original size.

Abstract: The invention relates to a brake device for vehicles, in particular for utility vehicles, with a mounting device attachable to a stationary part of the vehicle, whereby the mounting device, when viewed along the brake axis, consists of two end sections and a first connection section in-between. According to the invention it is provided that the first connection section has an opening for at least partial acceptance of a radial lug of the stationary part.

Abstract: The invention relates to a brake device for vehicles, in particular for utility vehicles, with a mounting device attachable to a stationary part of the vehicle, whereby the mounting device, when viewed along the brake axis, consists of two end sections and a first connection section in-between. According to the invention it is provided that the first connection section has an opening for at least partial acceptance of a radial lug of the stationary part.

Abstract: A disc brake for a vehicle wherein first and second friction member have projections thereon that are located in grooves in first and second rails of an anchor. On movement of the first and second frictions members during a brake application, the projections slide in the grooves to maintain a parallel alignment between a braking surface thereon and radial braking surfaces on a rotor and at the same time transmit reactions forces into a rotor to oppose the rotation of the rotor. Braking surfaces on the projections engage the rotor to assist in opposing the rotation of a rotor during each brake application.

Abstract: The invention relates to a disk brake having a brake dirk (22) with a rotational axis (A) and a preferred running direction (1), having an application device, having a brake caliper (12) with a first caliper limb (32) which is arranged on a first side of the brake disk and with a second caliper limb (30) which is arranged on a second side, situated opposite the first side, of the brake disk and is offset relative to the first caliper limb by a predetermined distance (V) in the direction of the brake disk run-out side, having a first brake lining (14) which, during braking, bears by means of a first rear face against a first contact face on the application device, and by means of a first friction face (20) against the brake disk, and having a second brake lining (16) which, during braking, bears by means of a second rear face (26) against a second contact face (28) on the second caliper limb, and by means of a second friction face (24) against the brake disk, and is supported on the second caliper limb in the

Abstract: A pad retention device for a brake calliper for a disc brake for a vehicle comprises four spaced elongate cylindrical abutment pins (11) to (14) dispersed at spaced intervals around the periphery of the pad (10). The pins comprise two leading edge pins (11) and (12) and two trailing edge pins (13) and (14). Pin (13) is disposed adjacent the upper leading edge and a further pin (15) provides a centre locating and retaining pin which extends through an aperture (16) in the back plate of the pad. A cantilever spring (17) is mounted on pin (15) and pin (13). In use the spring (17) bears down on the pad (10), using pin (13) as a reaction point and centre locating and retaining pin (15) as a pivot, on the trailing edge side of the pin (15). This in turn tends to rotate the pad in an anticlockwise direction reducing or eliminating pad to abutment pin air gaps and therefore pad rattle and pad knock. This arrangement also provides improved squeal noise resistance.