Abstract: A method of treating a material to recover an oil from the material comprises heating the material to evaporate the oil, removing gas phase fluids from the material, and separating the oil from the gas phase fluids removed from the material, wherein the method includes mixing hot vapor with the material. The material being treated in the chamber is heated by friction within the chamber generated by a rotating shaft and flail. Injection of hot vapor improves the efficiency of the process to separate oil and any other evaporable liquids at lower temperatures. The thermal energy generated within the chamber is not consumed in changing the phase of large quantities of liquids in the material, and more of the energy generated is available to heat up the material and evaporate the oil fractions from the solids.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for cracking a hydrocarbon feed in a steam cracking furnace by withdrawing a resid-rich stream from a resid knockout vessel and recycling the resid-rich stream through a convection heating section of the furnace.

Abstract: A finished oil product is recovered from crude or waste oil contaminated with water and the like by heating the waste oil in a tank with a heating flame which may be gas or oil fired. The waste oil is heated until vapors including light ends and the desired finished oil product are produced from the waste oil within the tank. The vapors are introduced into the heating flame so that additional heat is developed by such afterburning to heat the waste oil in the tank. The finished oil product as recovered from the waste oil is discharged from the tank by a suitable outlet pipe arrangement.