Abstract: A head-mounted display device includes a front-end assembly, a plurality of support arms, a plurality of counterweight parts and a plurality of brackets. The plurality of support arms are respectively connected to the front-end assembly. The plurality of counterweight parts are respectively slidably arranged to the plurality of support arms and away from the front assembly. The plurality of brackets are respectively connected to the plurality of counterweight parts and used for contacting the head of the user. The brackets are separated from each other. Each of the brackets has an upper part and a lower part. The upper parts of the brackets are adapted to support the upper part of the back of the user's head. The lower parts of the brackets are adapted to support the lower part of the back of the user's head.

Abstract: A helmet includes a frame having a plurality of tubular segments. The frame includes a cap portion and at least one extension portion. The cap portion includes a plurality of main tubular segments extending from a front of the helmet, configured to be positioned over a forehead of the wearer, to a back of the helmet, configured to be positioned over an occipital region of the wearer's head, and at least one tubular cross segment extending between the main segments. The at least one extension portion includes extending tubular segments that extend from the cap portion to a common point that is configured to be positioned below the wearer's ear. The helmet also includes at least one perforated cover plate mounted to the extending tubular segments, which is configured to cover the wearer's ear and squamous temporal bones of the wearer's head.

Abstract: A chin strap assembly comprises a chin cup and a chin strap for mounting the chin cup to a helmet. The chin cup has a first side for contacting a user's chin and a second side opposite the first side, the second side including a first engaging structure. The chin strap has a second engaging structure for coupling the chin strap to the chin cup via the first engaging structure. The first engaging structure is offset on the chin cup and the second engaging structure is offset on the chin strap to provide various positioning options of the chin cup relative to the helmet.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a ballistic helmet and a method of assembling a ballistic helmet that includes a helmet shell and a harness connected to the helmet shell. The helmet shell includes a front portion and a rear portion. The harness includes a nape pad, a tensioner disposed on the nape pad, a plurality of securement straps, and a tension cable. The plurality of securement straps are connected to the nape pad and are configured to fasten to the rear portion of the helmet shell. The tension cable is selectively adjustable by the tensioner and is configured to fasten to the front portion of the helmet shell.

Abstract: The present application discloses a helmet retention system for securing a helmet to the head of a user. In certain versions, the helmet retention system comprises a rear portion connected the rear of the helmet, a chin portion configured to receive the chin of the user, a first side upper strap extending from the rear portion to the front of the helmet, a second side upper strap extending from the rear portion to the front of the helmet, a first side lower strap extending from the rear portion to the chin portion, a second side lower strap extending from the rear portion to the chin portion, and an adjustment device operably attached to the rear portion. The adjustment device is configured to selectively and simultaneously adjust the length of the first side upper strap and the second side upper strap between the rear portion and the front of the helmet and simultaneously adjust the length of the first side lower strap and the second side lower strap between the rear portion and the chin portion.

Abstract: A fit system for a helmet can include an adjuster including a width adjustment track, and first and second pods moveably coupled to the width adjustment track with a first and second support arm, the second pod comprising a lateral offset from the first pod. The fit system can further include a dial moveably coupled to the adjustor, such that movement of the dial changes a size of the lateral offset between the first pod and the second pod. The fit system can further include a hanger flexibly coupled to both the first pod and the second pod and adapted to allow for adjustment of the lateral offset between the first pod and the second pod. The hanger can further be adapted to allow for movement of the first pod and the second pod in a direction substantially perpendicular to the lateral offset without movement of the dial.

Abstract: A helmet stabilization system and apparatus for reducing the incidence of whiplash and neck injuries while wearing a helmet, such as in contact sports. The invention includes a helmet mount; a base mount configured for attachment to a shoulder harness; and a flex rod interconnectable between the helmet mount and the base mount. The flex rod, when interconnected between the helmet mount and the base mount provides a resistance to an extension or a compression sequence responsive to a contact imparted on the helmet. An oobleck may be provided in a coupling between the flex rod and the base mount to permit voluntary head movements of the user and to provide a resistance responsive to an impact force.

Abstract: A helmet fit system includes a harness, a first anchor and a second anchor secured to a helmet, a tensioning mechanism, and a cable passing from the mechanism, around the first anchor, through the harness, and around the second anchor. The tensioning mechanism is not secured to any portion of the harness. The harness may define a channel, the cable passing through the channel. The tensioning mechanism is mounted to the outer surface of a helmet on the first side of a plane of symmetry of the helmet such that the cable passes through the helmet.

Abstract: A helmet retention harness of a tactical helmet includes a one-handed manual adjustment assembly to adjust an effective longitudinal length of a combination of a static first strap and an adjustable second strap. The static strap is attached to one side of a first strap slider. The adjustable second strap slides on another side of the first strap slider and is attached to a second strap slider have a cross bar that slides along the adjustable second strap. Tightening and loosening strap portions extend away from each side of the second strap slider enabling a wearer of the tactical helmet to readily pull on a selected strap portion to either tighten or loosen the helmet retention harness while wearing the tactical helmet.

Abstract: A neck cover and a helmet are provided that improve quietness of a helmet interior and that do not cause inconvenience for a wearer. In order to eliminate a gap between an opening portion of a helmet and a neck periphery of a wearer, insert-through holes, which are for passage of a chin strap that is attached to an inner side of the helmet, are formed in a portion, which covers a front portion (throat) of a neck, of a neck cover that is attached to a peripheral edge of the opening portion.

Abstract: IMPROVEMENTS INTRODUCED IN A CRANIAL PROTECTION CELL, formed by an outer shell (11, 20) internally coated by absorbent material (12, 12?), said material comprising a first layer (21) immediately below the shell, of closed cell foam, rigid or semi-rigid in contact with a second layer (22) of open cell viscoelastic foam, the interface between said first and second layers being provided with interdigitations comprising cavities (24) in said first layer in which protrusions (23), provided in said second layer, fit in a complementary and cooperative manner. Absorbent supporting material are further provided in the jaw region (32), maxillary regions (33, 34) and mastoid regions. When closed, the visor (37) is embedded in the corresponding opening of the cranial protection cell, and its opening occurs in two steps, the former comprising forward movement, and the latter upward rotation.

Abstract: A helmet has a memory foam member and an impact dissipating member in moulded together. A process for forming such a helmet is also provided. A helmet has a memory foam member and an impact-dissipating member. The memory foam member is formed from a memory foam material and the impact-dissipating member is formed from an impact-dissipating material and has an impact-dissipating member inner side and an impact-dissipating member outer side opposite the impact-dissipating member inner side. The memory foam member is in-moulded with the impact-dissipating member. Also, a process for forming a helmet by in-moulding a memory foam member and an impact-dissipating material together. The in-moulding process permanently binds the memory foam member outer side to the impact-dissipating member inner side.

Abstract: Headgear for a respiratory mask includes a strap arrangement including front strap portions adapted to be disposed over a patient's cheeks and having front ends adapted for attachment to an airway interfacing portion. The strap arrangement may also include top strap portions connected to respective front strap portions and adapted to be disposed over the top of a patient's head and to connect to each other. Further, a back strap may extend from and connect respective junctions of the front strap portions and top strap portions or regions adjacent these junctions. The front strap portions may be provided with a sleeve or cover to enhance comfort in use.

Abstract: A hinge mechanism for attaching ear accessories to a helmet allows an accessory to be attached at a point outside the helmet shell utilizing, for example, a slidable mounting rail, and to reach under the edge of the helmet shell so that the accessory is supported in contact with the wearer's head. The hinge mechanism is well suited for use in connection with military helmets that have a “bulge” or protrusion over the ear.

Abstract: The present invention is a football helmet designed to reduce the occurrence of concussions and subconcussive impacts to the brain through use of a novel exterior shape and sandwich of materials. The present invention also reduces the occurrence of neck injuries through the use of a flexible neck support that provides protection against frontal impacts without restricting a player's range of motion.

Abstract: A set of mandibular advancement splints including a maxillary splint having a maxillary abutment assembly and a mandibular splint having a mandibular abutment assembly. At least one of the maxillary abutment assembly and the mandibular abutment assembly comprises an advancement adjustment structure comprising at least one adjustment spacer removably securable to the corresponding one of the maxillary splint and the mandibular splint. The at least one adjustment spacer has a spacing length defining the mandibular advancement provided by the set of mandibular advancement splints. A set of removable adjustment spacers, a mandibular advancement kit, and a method for adjusting a mandibular advancement produced by a set of mandibular advancement splints are also provided.

Abstract: An impact diffusing system for protecting a user's head includes a headpiece cage coupled to a thoracic framework. In one aspect, the headpiece cage includes at least two support bars, a plurality of rigid bars surrounding at least a portion of the forehead, top, and sides of the head, and a face mask that encloses at least a portion the user's face. The thoracic framework covers at least a portion of a chest, upper back, and shoulders of the user, and the thoracic framework is attached to the support bars of the headpiece cage in a manner that prevents movement of the headpiece cage relative to the thoracic framework. In another aspect, the system includes a helmet component (formed of e.g., carbon fiber) coupled to a thoracic cage, wherein the helmet component is a solid, unitary piece that surrounds the top, back, and sides of the user's head.

Abstract: Whiplash reduction systems and devices and methods to use the same. In an embodiment of a system of the present disclosure, the system comprises a front anchor strap coupled directly or indirectly to a headgear; a top anchor coupled to the front anchor strap, the top anchor having a connector coupled thereto, the connector configured to connect to at least one rear strap; a first retainer configured to fit within apertures defined within the headgear and to wrap around at least part of the headgear and at least part of the front anchor strap to secure the front anchor strap to the headgear at or near the apertures; and a plate having a central portion defining a recessed portion and further having a first side portion and a second side portion.

Abstract: A chin strap assembly is provided for use with a sports helmet. The chin strap assembly includes an inner pad member, a strap assembly and an outer protective member. The outer protective member is coupled to the strap assembly by an attachment member, such as a post. A sports helmet with the chin strap assembly is also provided.

Abstract: A helmet and goggle strap clip combination includes a helmet body with an outer shell having an opening in a surface. The goggle strap clip includes a clip body, a resilient leg extending in a first direction with a foot at an end of the leg. The foot includes a foot body, an outer side facing away from the helmet body and an inner side facing the helmet body, a cover extends from the foot body in the first direction, a support fin extending from the foot body in a second direction, opposite the first direction. The cover overlaps the outer shell by a side edge, the support fin is positioned inside of and engaging the outer shell by a second side edge, and the clip body is in direct contact with the outer shell separate from the leg and its foot.

Abstract: A helmet for receiving the head of a hockey or lacrosse player, the helmet having an outer shell and an inner lining covering at least partially the inner surface of the outer shell. In one embodiment, the helmet comprises a skeleton at least partially covered by the inner lining, a movable occipital pad and movable temple pads. The inner lining can be made of an absorptive material such as foam, expanded polypropylene or expanded polyethylene and can be overmolded onto the skeleton. The occipital pad and the temple pads may be arranged with an inward bias so as to help the helmet self-adjust to provide an advantageous fit on the player's head. In some embodiments, the outer shell and skeleton, or the outer shell and the inner lining, cooperate to define a ventilation system.

Abstract: An anchoring system for securing a strap to an in-molded helmet can include a strap anchor that includes an anchor housing and an in-molding flange coupled to the anchor housing. The anchoring system can include a bar tack clip sized to fit partially within the anchor housing, the bar tack clip including a cross beam, an opening adjacent the cross beam, and at least one clip coupled to the cross beam and sized to mateably couple with the anchor housing. The anchoring system can also include a strap disposed through the opening in the bar tack clip and looped around the cross beam, the strap being coupled to itself with a bar tack. The at least one clip of the bar tack clip can be disposed at an in-bound side of the bar tack clip or can include two side clips.

Abstract: A helmet includes a shell having a front portion, a crown portion, and a rear portion. The helmet additionally includes a chin strap having a first attachment body and a second attachment body defining a strap length therebetween, with the chin strap being configured to allow for selective adjustment of the strap length. The first attachment body and the second attachment body are each pivotally connected to the shell such that the chin strap is selectively pivotable relative to the shell between a stored position and a deployed position. The chin strap moves toward the front portion of the shell as the chin strap pivots from the deployed position toward the stored position. At least a portion of the chin strap is semi-rigid so as to be disposable in tension and compression without changing shape.

Abstract: An impact-absorbing helmet for reducing brain trauma includes an inner shell and an outer shell. The inner shell has a bottom and a front that are open. The bottom is configured to insert a head of a user, positioning the front proximate to a face of the user. The outer shell is complementary to and positioned around the inner shell. The outer shell has an edge that is coupled to a rim of the inner shell so that the inner shell and the outer shell define an interior space. A plurality of first springs is positioned in the interior space. Each first spring is coupled to and extends between the inner shell and the outer shell. The first springs are configured to reduce transfer to the inner shell of a force applied to the outer shell.

Abstract: A headgear portion or assembly for use in combination with a breathing apparatus in some configurations is at least substantially inelastic and is three dimensional in shape. The headgear portion or assembly can comprise a plastic core, a substrate and a textile casing. The substrate and textile casing have retaining structures to attach the textile casings to the substrates and the substrates to each other.

Abstract: A helmet system includes: a helmet shell; right and left bottom guards; a head strap comprising a head band and a plurality of flexible tethers, including a main tether stem and a tether connector, including a connector stem and a connector blocking member, such that the flexible tethers protrude from an outer periphery of the head band and are connected to tether apertures in the helmet shell. The head band can optionally include an opening with a band lock, and right and left upward curved sections. The helmet system can optionally include shoulder pads.

Abstract: A protective sports helmet that includes a chin strap system that allows for rapid, one-handed adjustment of a chin strap assembly by the player while he/she is wearing the helmet is provided. The chin strap assembly includes a protective chin cup and a pair of straps extending from opposed sides of the chin cup and having a plurality of securing elements. The assembly also includes a pair of adjustable connectors affixed to the helmet and that include a central opening that receives an extent of the strap and a lever that engages a portion of the securing elements. The adjustable connector allows movement of the strap in a first direction, and prevents movement of the strap in a second direction when the lever is engaged with at least one of the securing elements. The adjustable connector allows movement of the strap in both the first and second directions when the lever is not engaged with the securing elements.

Abstract: In an aspect, a stress mitigation system is provided for mitigating stresses in a wearer of a headgear configured to apply a load on the wearer that is offset from a center of gravity of the wearer's head to apply a first torque in a first direction on the wearer's head. The system includes a track, a shuttle, and a flexible elongate connector. The track is mounted to either the headgear or a bodywear member and extends generally laterally. The shuttle is movable along the track. The connector is configured to connect between the shuttle and the other of the headgear and the bodywear member. The connector applies a second torque on the headgear in a second direction that is generally opposite to the first direction. When the wearer's head pivots, the shuttle is movable laterally along the track to maintain the connector in a substantially vertical orientation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved sports helmet including a quick release connector assembly for the faceguard that allows for rapid disconnection of the faceguard from the helmet shell. The connector includes a bracket, and a coupler mechanism featuring an elongated pin, a head component, a spring, a retractable engaging element and a washer. The connector assembly is moveable between a use position, wherein the faceguard is secured to the shell by the bracket and the coupler mechanism, and a released position wherein the bracket and the faceguard are disconnected from the shell. An inwardly directed actuation force that lacks a rotational component is applied to the elongated pin to move from the use position to the released position.

Abstract: A helmet accessory attachment member includes a finger-actuatable lock configured to secure an accessory attachment member mount to a helmet mount as part of securing an accessory such as a mandible guard to a helmet. The lock includes a pivot arm with a rotation axis that is parallel to the helmet surface, and also includes one or more blocking surfaces on the pivot arm to engage with grooves on the helmet mount. The lock may be positioned on a slidable insert of the accessory attachment member.

Abstract: An apparatus for atomising liquid, including a piezoelectric substrate (1) having a working surface (3), and a peripheral edge (7) extending along a side of the working surface, an interdigital transducer (2) located on the working surface for generating surface acoustic waves (SAW) in the working surface, and a liquid delivery arrangement including a porous member (8) for supplying the liquid to be atomised, wherein the porous member is in contact with the peripheral edge of the piezoelectric substrate.

Abstract: A chin strap with two axes of support for improved helmet retention. A first portion of the strap passes under the chin as per a conventional chin strap, and a second portion holds a cup on the point of the chin. The two portions of strap are disposed at approximately 55 degrees to each other, thus providing the two axes of support and consequently improved retainment of the helmet on the rider's head when impacted.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a buckle for connecting a strap and a respirator harness including the same. In particular, according to one aspect of the present disclosure, a buckle for connecting a strap including a coupler configured to extend from one position, a strap connector at which a strap connecting hole is formed, wherein the strap connecting hole is connected to a strap which is connected to a mask body, and a hooking portion connected to the one position and including a surface configured to face the coupler, wherein a tap of a helmet or a tap of a head cradle is accommodated between the coupler and the hooking portion so that a position thereof is fixed, and a respirator harness including the same are provided.

Abstract: Strap buckles for headgear can be independently adjusted by single-handed operation while the headgear is worn. To tighten the straps, the wearer pulls a strap buckle toward the chin. The adjustment preferably involves a 1:1 length-adjustment ratio, such that the strap is shortened substantially by the amount the wearer pulls on the buckle.

Abstract: The invention is intended to protect football players, race car drivers and others. An apparatus that dampens impacts and prevents rapid movement of user's head protected by helmets. Two embodiments are disclosed using piston configuration. In one embodiment, the piston is moving inside a housing filled with a viscoelastic fluid and the other is a locking piston dampener mechanism.

Abstract: A protective device and method of use includes a collar portion for positioning behind the neck of a wear and a right leg and a left leg connected to the collar portion that extend over the chest of a wearer. The collar portion and legs may be constructed of a single piece. An upwardly extending portion extends upwardly behind the head of a wearer and is movably affixed to the collar portion. A shock absorber has a first end attached to the collar portion and a second end attached to the upwardly extending portion to resist forward motion of the upwardly extending portion. A connector, such as a strap, communicates the upwardly extending portion to a helmet. Therefore, deceleration of the upwardly extending portion and a connected helmet is affected by the shock absorber, thereby mitigating the effects of a sudden deceleration as is often experienced during an auto accident.

Abstract: Example implementations relate to providing head and neck support. An example system includes a helmet, a load bearing harness, and a flexible extension coupled between the helmet and the load bearing harness. An activation of a magnetic field proximate the flexible extension causes a ferromagnetic infused medium to transition from a fluid state to a substantially rigid state causing the flexible extension to transition from a flexible state to a rigid state. When the flexible extension is in the rigid state, force applied to the helmet transfers through the flexible extension to the load bearing harness. The system further includes a sensor configured to detect an event. Particularly, the sensor causes the activation of the magnetic field proximate the flexible extension in response to detecting the event.

Abstract: A heat sink for electronic devices, such as wearable displays, dissipates heat away from and electrical component, such as a microprocessor. An adjustable support assembly permits adjustment of a visual display relative to a user's field of view.

Abstract: A pad assembly is provided for use with a protective sports helmet in a contact sport, the helmet having an opening. The pad assembly includes a pad member within a pad housing, and a retainer having a projection that fits within the helmet opening. The pad assembly also includes a cap detachably coupled to the retainer, the cap including a base portion that fits within the helmet opening and a flange portion that fits within a countersunk recess disposed around the helmet opening, the cap detachably receiving the projection of the retainer. A protective sports helmet having a pad assembly is also provided.

Abstract: A helmet harness with a lace tightening system is disclosed. The helmet harness is configured to be secured to the inside of a helmet shell. The harness includes a lace tensioning system and lace guides for distributing forces arising from tension in the laces to provide a secure and comfortable and adjustable fit. An inner frame and an outer frame are connected by cam slides at their extremities to even out tension applied circumferentially and tension applied over wearer's head, and to absorb rotational forces applied to a helmet shell in which the harness is secured.

Abstract: A protective helmet includes an outer shell, an inner liner provided within the shell, a chinstrap coupled to the shell including a chin cup adapted to contact and protect the wearer's chin, and decoupling means that decouple the shell from the chin cup to enable the shell to rotate relative to the head when the helmet is worn and the chinstrap is securely fastened about the chin.

Abstract: The invention includes a protective headpiece and components thereof and methods for their use. Preferred examples comprise a helmet component, a plurality of piers joining said helmet component to a shoulder pad component and an inner hat component permitting the wearer the ability to move the head from side to side and/or up and down within the helmet component without moving the helmet component. The helmet component may comprise a plurality of fluid-filled floating plates or floats on the inner surface thereof to cushion the head against impact during activities including, for example, football, race car driving, military activities and the like.

Abstract: An impact awareness device (IAD) may include an impact switch configured to transition from an open-circuit state to a close-circuit state when a force is exerted on the IAD in a first direction and exceeds a force threshold. The IAD may further include a headliner configured to couple with a protective headgear. The headliner may include a flexible band comprising one or more substrates configured to conform to a headband of the protective headgear, and an electronic circuit coupled to the flexible band and electrically coupled to the switch and wherein when the force threshold is exceeded the electronic circuit transmits an indication signal to provide an indication of the likelihood of a head and a vertebral column injuries when the indicator signal is received.

Abstract: A removable counter-balance accessory may include a cranial brace that rests against the back of a user's head when the user is wearing a head-mounted display on the user's face. The removable counter-balance accessory may also include an insert that fits in an opening formed by a strap that wraps around the back of the user's head to hold the head-mounted display on the user's face and secures the cranial brace to the strap at the back of the user's head. The removeable counter-balance accessory may further include at least one weight that applies, in connection with the cranial brace at the back of the user's head, a force that at least partially counter-balances the weight of the head-mounted display on the user's face. Various other counter-balance accessories, head-mounted-display systems, and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A helmet comprising a helmet body and a chin bar is disclosed. The helmet body comprises an opening and two attachment anchors located opposite each other proximate a leading edge of the opening. Each attachment anchor comprises a pivot socket and a lock support. The chin bar comprises two opposing ends, each releasably coupled to a different attachment anchor. Each end of the chin bar comprises a locking mechanism engaged with a lock support of a different attachment anchor, and a pivot arm releasably and pivotally coupled to the pivot socket of the different attachment anchor. The chin bar is pivotable between a first angle and a second angle with respect to the helmet body, and the pivot arms are releasable from the pivot sockets of the helmet body while the locking mechanisms of the chin bar are disengaged from the lock supports of the helmet body.

Abstract: A connector including: first part designed to be connected to crown of protective helmet, second part designed to be connected to crown of protective helmet and fitted in removable manner on first part, connecting part mechanically connecting first part and second part so as to form first mechanical connection, movable part moving between first and second positions and configured: to prevent first and second parts from coming detached from one another when the parts are subjected to first threshold tensile force, when movable part is in first position, to enable first and second parts to be detached from one another when the parts are subjected to second threshold tensile force lower than that of first threshold tensile force, when movable part is in second position. The invention also relates to protective helmet provided with one such connector, as well as to an assembly method of such connector.

Abstract: Image analysis for facial evaluation is performed using logic encoded in a semiconductor processor. The semiconductor chip analyzes video images that are captured using one or more cameras and evaluates the videos to identify one or more persons in the videos. When a person is identified, the semiconductor chip locates the face of the evaluated person in the video. Facial regions of interest are extracted and differences in the regions of interest in the face are identified. The semiconductor chip uses classifiers to map facial regions for emotional response content and evaluate the emotional response content to produce an emotion score. The classifiers provide gender, age, or ethnicity with an associated probability. Localization logic within the chip is used to localize a second face when one is evaluated in the video. The one or more faces are tracked, and identifiers for the faces are provided.

Abstract: A protective head support assembly, including a helmet having one or more sensors, a vest, at least one stabilizer tube filled with a fluid, including a first end connected to the helmet, and a second end connected to the vest, and a transducer arranged to receive a signal from the one or more sensors and introduce a magnetic field to the fluid.

Abstract: A total contact helmet, including a body that is customizable to an individual's head and having force distribution means for distributing the force of an impact to a large surface area of the body. A total contact helmet insert, including a body that is customizable to an individual's head and having force distribution means for distributing the force of an impact to a large surface area of the body, the total contact helmet insert being insertable under an existing helmet or as an inner shell as part of an existing helmet. A method of protecting the head of a user by the user wearing the total contact helmet, and when receiving an outside impacting force to the total contact helmet, distributing the force of impact over the surface area of the total contact helmet.

Abstract: A helmet system has a restraint feature for deterring neck injuries that includes a helmet having an attachment member at the rear of the helmet and a tether coupled to the attachment member at the rear of the helmet. The tether couples the helmet to a part of the body of a user in order to limit movement of the helmet. A safety feature for use with a helmet in order to deter neck injuries includes a tether having a first connector at one end for fixedly mating with a helmet and a second connector at the other end for mating with a part of a body of a user. The tether is positionable in the rear neck area of a user.