Abstract: This invention relates to a system for obtaining hydrocarbons from organic or inorganic solid waste, wherein said system comprises: an inlet chamber, within which is a mixer assembly which mixes and conveys the waste through said chamber, which is also at ambient temperature, thus avoiding any thermal shock to the solid waste for processing; a dehydration chamber with a mixing assembly therein, and the upper part of this chamber contains an expansion chamber for promoting more efficient molecular breakdown; the thermal breakdown is carried out in two reactors which are operated at different temperatures, the first thermal disassociation reactor which has inside a mixer unit, and which in its upper part houses an expansion chamber, the second thermal breakdown reactor, therein has a mixer unit, and in the upper portion thereof houses an expansion chamber and at the top end thereof a vertical expansion tower; wherein the thermolytic steam is homogenized, a separator of heavy hydrocarbons, which does not require

Abstract: A releasing apparatus for a subscriber identity module (SIM) card includes a bracket, a rack received in the bracket for manipulating the SIM card, a pivot pole pivotably received in the bracket, and a movable member pivotably attached to the bracket. The movable member includes a biasing portion and an engaging portion formed from opposite ends of the movable member. A tab and a biasing protrusion are formed from opposite ends of the pivoting member. The engaging portion is operated to rotate the movable member. The biasing portion presses the tab of the pivot pole to rotate the pivot pole. The biasing protrusion biases the rack and SIM card away from the bracket.

Abstract: A rotation angular speed detection apparatus that accurately detects a low rotation angular speed of a rotating body includes: a receiving part for receiving rotation angles at predetermined time intervals from a rotation angle sensor that detects rotation angles of a rotating body; a storage part for storing received rotation angles; and a control part. When the difference between a first arbitrary angle stored and a second angle stored before the first angle is less than a predetermined value, the control part determines, from the stored rotation angles, a third angle in which a difference between the first angle and the third angle is more than the predetermined value, and the control part divides the difference between the first angle and the third angle by the time required from storing of the third angle to storing of the first angle to detect a rotation angular speed.

Abstract: A blast furnace coal is produced by rapidly heating a coal blend having 10 to 30% by weight of a non-slightly-caking coal having softening initiation temperature T with the balance including a caking coal having softening initiation temperature T.sub.0 (T.sub.0 .ltoreq.T +40.degree. C.) at a rate of 1.times.10.sup.3 to 1.times.10.sup.6 .degree. C./min to a temperature region from (T -60.degree. C.) to (T +10.degree. C.) wherein T represents the softening initiation temperature of the non-slightly-caking coal; or rapidly heating a non-slightly-caking coal having softening initiation temperature T and a caking coal having softening initiation temperature T.sub.1 separately at a rate of 1.times.10.sup.3 to 1.times.10.sup.6 .degree. C./min to a temperature region from (T -100.degree. C.) to (T +10.degree. C.), wherein T represents the softening initiation temperature of the non-slightly-caking coal, or a temperature region from (T.sub.1 -100.degree. C.) to (T.sub.1 +10.degree. C.), wherein T.sub.

Abstract: In addition to ash and coke, the gasification residue contains alkaline earth metal sulfide and alkaline earth metal oxide because desulfuring agents have been supplied to the gasifier. At temperatures from 5.degree. to 80.degree. C. the gasification residue is mixed with an acid-containing aqueous solution so that a gas which is rich in H.sub.2 S is produced. Ash, coke, and alkaline earth metal salt are supplied to a flotation zone, in which coke is separated. A solid residue which contains ash and alkaline earth metal salt is withdrawn from the flotation zone. Carbonic acid or dilute sulfuric acid is preferably used as an acid.

Abstract: In the treatment of hydrocarbon-containing waste material, in particular plastic-containing waste material, by pyrolysis, gases containing hydrogen halide compounds which are formed are neutralized by the addition of basic additive material. Since the reacted additive material increases the pyrolysis residue, it is desirable to monitor the controlled feed of the additive material. Therefore, the pH value is measured in the low-boiling pyrolysis oil, which additionally also contains water vapor condensate, and the controlled feed of the additive material is automatically varied as a function of the measurement. The result is that the pollutants are largely, or at least adequately, bound with low consumption of additive material.

Abstract: A liquid fraction and a gas fraction produced during the reprocessing of waste material containing CH compounds by pyrolysis, have a mass ratio approximately equal to 1. Since the liquid fraction is more suitable for further processing than the gas fraction, there is an incentive to augment the liquid fraction at the expense of the gas fraction. In order to achieve this object, the pyrolysis gas is cooled until the benzene and the higher-boiling gaseous constituents of the pyrolysis gas pass into the liquid phase, so that a benzene-containing liquid fraction is produced. A gas mixture containing benzene and toluene is stripped out of the benzene-containing liquid fraction, passed together with the gas fraction at a temperature of 300.degree. to 450.degree. C. over a zeolitic catalyst and then separated by cooling into both a fraction which is liquid at atmospheric pressure and a residual gas fraction.

Abstract: A method for producing carbonaceous-derived solid fuel products comprising subjecting a carbonaceous material to a temperature sufficient to remove a substantial portion of water inherent in said carbonaceous material, pyrolyzing at least a portion of the dried carbonaceous material to form a carbonaceous-based char material and simultaneously recover carbonaceous-based tar by-products and contacting at least one material selected from the group consisting of the dried carbonaceous material and the carbonaceous-based char material with a water-in-tar emulsion, said emulsion being prepared from said recovered carbonaceous-based tar by-products.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide issuing from an oil shale retort is captured in an absorbent bed. When the bed is regenerated as with oxygen containing gas, the sulfur dioxide liberated is reintroduced into the retort for reaction with the spent shale.

Abstract: In a method of removing heavy tar produced in a coke oven during the cooling of a coke-oven gas from the coke-oven gas, the heavy tar pieces are crushed in a pulverizer to obtain particles of the size of less than 1 mm. The heavy tar particles are then rarefied by the addition to them of a mixture of tar and water. The resulting mixture is maintained under the temperature of 55.degree.-75.degree. C. and then transported to a charge coal which is then charged into the coke-oven.

Abstract: A method for recovering and utilizing heat of coke-oven gas, which comprises: through heat exchange with a high-temperature coke-oven gas generated from a coke oven battery and containing vaporized coal tar, vaporized low boiling point substances and dust, drying and preheating a blended raw material coal fine to be charged into coking ovens of said coke oven battery, and, on the other hand, causing most of said coal tar contained in said coke-oven gas to condense and deposit onto the particle surfaces of said coal fine during the process of said heat exchange, thereby recovering and utilizing sensible heat and condensation heat of said coke-oven gas and substances contained therein, and at the same time, eliminating most of the contained coal tar from said coke-oven gas.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons are formed of coal and water. The water is converted or dissociated separately into hydrogen and oxygen in a first chemical reactor by thermochemical and/or electrolytic processing. The resulting hydrogen is then reacted with the coal in a second reactor to produce the hydrocarbons. Residual carbon from the second reactor is reacted in a third reactor with oxygen derived from the first reactor to produce carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide is reacted with residual hydrogen from the second reactor or hydrogen from the first reactor to produce additional hydrocarbons. The energy for the endothermic and/or electrolytic processing in the reactors and for auxiliary equipment of the apparatus is supplied by a very high-temperature, gas-cooled, nuclear reactor by heat interchange with the cooling gas, helium. The cooling gas operates through heat-exchange means which isolates the cooling gas from the processing apparatus.

Abstract: A carbonaceous material with high characteristics of surface area and activity is produced in a continuous process by heating and drying ground pit coal at 200 to 300.degree. C. for 15 to 120 minutes in air, and then heating in two further stages in fluidized bed reactors. The first of these further stages is 400 to 600.degree. C. for 10 to 60 minutes while the second is 800 to 1100.degree. C. for 10 to 60 minutes. Tar is condensed from the offgases of the first further stage and the residual gas is divided and 10 to 95% recycled to the first further stage. Similarly, 10 to 95% of the off-gases from the second further stage are recycled.

Abstract: The so-called float tar which floats on the stream of crude tar and ammonia water in the tar separator of a coking installation and which interferes with the clean separation of crude tar and ammonia water is removed by skimming the float tar off the crude tar and ammonia water mixture and subjecting the separated float tar to comminution and homogenization whereupon the homogenized tar product may be processed either separately or together with the bulk of the tar. An installation for use in the process comprises a tar separator in the form of an open top separator vessel, a channelled structure associated with the separator vessel, means provided in the separator vessel for skimming the float tar off the bulk of the crude tar and ammonia water and passing it into the channel of said structure, and a comminuting and homogenizing device which communicates with said channel through a grade drop.