Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for exhausting high concentrations of toxic gases generated during chemical stripping for high-temperature parts of a gas turbine, the method including the steps of: allowing a pair of openable/closable doors mounted on top of a tank whose top is open to accommodate a chemical substance therein to be closed during the chemical stripping so as to close top of the tank; collecting the toxic gases generated from the interior of the tank through hoods located at the inside of the tank; and exhausting the toxic gases to the outside through exhaust pipes mounted on the hoods or collecting the toxic gases to a separate storage tank.

Abstract: The present technology describes various embodiments of systems and methods for maintaining a flat push hot car. In some embodiments, the flat push hot car includes an at least partially enclosed hot box having an interior portion, an exterior portion, a base, and a plurality of sidewalls extending upward from the base. The hot box can be coupled to or integrated with a fluid distribution system. The fluid distribution system can include a spray manifold having one or more inlets configured to release a fluid directed toward the sidewalls of the interior portion so as to provide regional cooling to the hot box.

Abstract: A device for increasing the interior surface of a compact coke charge in a receiving trough, which device increases the interior surface of a coke cake or coke leaving the coking chamber by mechanically breaking apart or roughening it, resulting in a break-up of the coke structure and the formation of crevice-type cavities in the compacted coke charge so that an increased amount of water can flow into the interior of the coke charge during the subsequent quenching step through these crevices, resulting in a high profitability of the method due to reduced quenching times and lower water consumption. A method for increasing the interior surface of a compact coke charge in a receiving trough, which serves to break up a fresh coke cake or to roughen the coke in order to reduce water consumption during quenching is disclosed.

Abstract: An assembly for processing green biomass materials from two separate feed sources for use as a fuel pellet includes a drying assembly, a torrefaction assembly and a heating assembly. The drying assembly is adapted to convert the green biomass material obtained from a first source to white biomass material. The torrefaction assembly is adapted to convert green biomass material obtained from a second source to torrefied biomass material. The heating assembly provides heat for both the drying assembly and the torrefaction assembly.

Abstract: A method and a device for breaking up a fresh and hot coke charge in a receiving trough having mobile plate segments, the coke charge being conveyed to a quenching tower in the receiving trough of a flatbed transport car in which the coke charge is cooled down to ambient temperatures by mobile plate segments so that the coke structure is broken up and crevice-type cavities are formed in the compacted coke charge. These crevice-type cavities then allow an increased amount of water to flow into the interior of the coke charge during the subsequent quenching step, resulting in a high profitability of the method, a higher coke quality and a reduced burden on the environment due to reduced quenching times and lower water consumption. A device for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present technology describes methods and systems for an improved quench tower. Some embodiments improve the quench tower's ability to recover particulate matter, steam, and emissions that escape from the base of the quench tower. Some embodiments improve the draft and draft distribution of the quench tower. Some embodiments include one or more sheds to enlarge the physical or effective perimeter of the quench tower to reduce the amount of particulate matter, emissions, and steam loss during the quenching process. Some embodiments include an improved quench baffle formed of a plurality of single-turn or multi-turn chevrons adapted to prevent particulate matter from escaping the quench tower. Some embodiments include an improved quench baffle spray nozzle used to wet the baffles, suppress dust, and/or clean baffles. Some embodiments include a quench nozzle that can fire in discrete stages during the quenching process.

Abstract: The present technology is generally directed to systems and methods for improving quenched coke recovery. More specifically, some embodiments are directed to systems and methods utilizing one or more of a screen, barrier, or reflector panel to contain or redirect coke during or after quenching. In a particular embodiment, a quench car system for containing coke includes a quench car having a base, a plurality of sidewalls, and a top portion. The system can further include a permeable barrier covering at least a portion of the top of the quench car, wherein the permeable barrier has a plurality of apertures therethrough.

Abstract: A wet quenching tower for quenching hot coke, including a quenching chamber, having a quenching spray device above the quenching chamber for dispensing quenching water, having a flue placed on the quenching chamber, and having at least one separating device which is arranged horizontally or at a slanted angle relative to the vertical, which can be vertically permeated, and which has a plurality of lamellae. Each of the lamellae has a non-branching cross-section, flow paths being formed between each two adjacent lamellae. The flow paths formed between each two lamellae change direction multiple times and correspondingly have a serpentine shape. A method for quenching coke using the aforementioned wet quenching tower is also disclosed.

Abstract: A wet quenching tower for quenching coke is disclosed. A lower housing portion defines a lower interior and a portal sized to allow ingress and egress of a coke laden receptacle. A plurality of quenching sprayers for directing water onto the lower interior of the lower housing portion are supported above the lower interior. An upper housing portion is removably secured to an upper edge of the lower housing portion and supports a plurality of baffles. The upper housing portion defines an open upper end and cooperates with the lower housing portion to allow steam to rise from the lower interior upward through the housing portions. Each baffle defines a surface for allowing condensation of the portion of the steam. A plurality of washing sprayers are supported above the baffles for washing the baffles.

Abstract: Apparatus and a process are described for compressing superheated steam into porous coal batches in chambers, and, after a time interval, expanding this steam out of the chambers, and repeating this steam cycle of compression followed by expansion. Thusly heated by the steam, volatile matter separates from the solid coke portion of the coal and separate volatile matter and coke products can be produced from coal or biomass fuels. These volatile matter liquids and tars can be used as fuel components in slurry fuels, for internal combustion engines used in our surface transportation industries. These solid coke products can be used as boiler fuel in steam electric plants. In this way our large domestic reserves of coal can be used as a fuel source, not only for electric power generation, but also for our surface transportation needs.

Abstract: Described is a method for the coking of coal, in particular coal with a high or alternating volatility, in coking plants comprising coking chambers, according to the non-recovery method or the heat-recovery method. Also described is device, which can be used to carry out said method simply, as the overheating of the coking furnace is prevented by the injection of water vapor. If a battery of coking furnaces is used, the disclosed method can be carried out irrespective of the number of said furnaces.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transporting and quenching coke, useful in quenching a batch of coke produced in one of a plurality of coke ovens forming a coke oven battery, is disclosed. A hot car defining a substantially planar receiving surface is positioned adjacent a coke oven of the coke oven battery, and a unitary cake of unquenched coke is placed onto the hot car receiving surface. The hot car and unquenched coke are transported to a transfer station having a dust collection system. A quenching car is positioned at the transfer station adjacent the hot car, under the dust collection system. The unitary cake of unquenched coke is dumped into the quenching car receptacle, thereby separating the unitary cake. At least a portion of the dust generated by separation is collected. The quench car is then transported to a quenching station, where the separated coke is quenched.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quenching metallurgical coke made in a coking oven. The method includes pushing a unitary slab of hot coke onto a substantially planar receiving surface of a hot car. The hot car containing the coke is then transported to a quench car station. The unitary slab of hot coke is pushed onto a substantially planar receiving surface of a quench car at the quench car station. Quenching of the slab of hot coke is conducted in the quench car with a predetermine amount of water. After quenching, the quenched coke is dumped onto a receiving pad for collection thereof.

Abstract: In one aspect, the inventive process comprises a process for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon feedstock containing nonvolatiles in a regenerative pyrolysis reactor system. The inventive process comprises: (a) heating the nonvolatile-containing hydrocarbon feedstock upstream of a regenerative pyrolysis reactor system to a temperature sufficient to form a vapor phase that is essentially free of nonvolatiles and a liquid phase containing the nonvolatiles; (b) separating said vapor phase from said liquid phase; (c) feeding the separated vapor phase to the pyrolysis reactor system; and (d) converting the separated vapor phase in said pyrolysis reactor system to form a pyrolysis product.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quenching metallurgical coke made in a coking oven. The method includes pushing a unitary slab of incandescent coke onto a substantially planar receiving surface of an enclosed quenching car so that substantially all of the coke from the coking oven is pushed as a unitary slab onto the receiving surface of the quenching car. The slab of incandescent coke is quenched in an enclosed environment within the quenching car with a plurality of water quench nozzles while submerging at least a portion of the slab of incandescent coke by raising a water level in the quenching car. Subsequent to quenching the coke, the planar receiving surface is tilted to an angle sufficient to slide the quenched coke off of the planar receiving surface and onto a product collection conveyer and sufficient to drain water from the quenched coke.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quenching metallurgical coke made in a coking oven. The method includes pushing a unitary slab of incandescent coke onto a substantially planar receiving surface of an enclosed quenching car so that substantially all of the coke from the coking oven is pushed as a unitary slab onto the receiving surface of the quenching car. The slab of incandescent coke is quenched in an enclosed environment within the quenching car with a plurality of water quench nozzles while submerging at least a portion of the slab of incandescent coke by raising a water level in the quenching car. Subsequent to quenching the coke, the planar receiving surface is tilted to an angle sufficient to slide the quenched coke off of the planar receiving surface and onto a product collection conveyer and sufficient to drain water from the quenched coke.

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatus and methods for extracting active ingredients from a raw material. The apparatus comprises an atomized water particle production device; an extracting device for bringing a raw material into contact with the atomized water particles so that the atomized water particles trap active ingredients in the raw material; a condensing device for liquefying the atomized water particles that hold the active ingredients; and means for promoting extraction of the raw material. The means for promoting extraction may comprise decompression means for subjecting the raw material within the extracting device to decompression and activation means for activating the raw material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quenching metallurgical coke made in a coking oven. The method includes pushing a unitary slab of incandescent coke onto a substantially planar receiving surface of an enclosed quenching car so that substantially all of the coke from the coking oven is pushed as a unitary slab onto the receiving surface of the quenching car. The slab of incandescent coke is quenched in an enclosed environment within the quenching car with a plurality of water quench nozzles while submerging at least a portion of the slab of incandescent coke by raising a water level in the quenching car. Subsequent to quenching the coke, the planar receiving surface is tilted to an angle sufficient to slide the quenched coke off of the planar receiving surface and onto a product collection conveyer and sufficient to drain water from the quenched coke.

Abstract: Relatively high speed methods for increasing the bulk density of coal particles, apparatus for increasing the bulk density of coal particles and methods for making metallurgical coke. Once such method includes depositing coal particles onto a charging plate external to a coking oven to provide an elongate bed of dry, uncompacted coal having an upper surface of the charging plate. The charging plate has side walls, and at least one movable end wall An impact pressure is applied to the upper surface of the bed of dry, uncompacted coal while degassing the coal to provide a dry, compacted coal bed having a bulk density ranging from about 960 to about 1200 kilograms per cubic meter.

Abstract: A coke drum bottom head removal system and method for deheading the bottom head cover of a coke drum comprises a carriage that is positionable beneath the bottom head cover, and a cart mounted to the carriage. Several clamps vertically mounted to the cart are positionable in a closed position, in which the clamps apply a compressive force that maintains substantially fluid tight engagement between the bottom head cover and bottom head flange, and an opened position, in which the clamps allow a limited spacing between the bottom head cover and the bottom head flange. A plurality of supports mounted to the cart support the bottom head cover once the fasteners coupling the bottom head cover to the bottom head flange are removed and the clamps are in the opened position. The system can be remotely operated to enhance operator safety when the bottom head cover is removed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quenching the coke drum vapor line from a coke drum to the main fractionator in a coker unit whereby the volume of quench liquid prevents the drum vapor line from plugging with carbon-based deposits. A differential pressure control technique is utilized to quench the drum vapors being delivered to the fractionator as opposed to a temperature, delta temperature, uninsulated vapor line, or fixed flow rate control as used in the prior art. Vapor line quench control by differential pressure prevents over-quenching of the vapor line during a coke drum switch, unit startup, or slowdown as well as under-quenching during drum warm-ups. It improves the fractionator recovery time from a drum switch and overall liquid product yield during the drum cycle which can be produced by over-quenching. It also prevents the vapor line from drying out at anytime, an under-quenched condition, as long as the quench oil quality and conditions do not vary significantly.

Abstract: A rotary drum cooler for cooling particulate material (e.g. coke particles) having at least one cooling pocket which, in turn, includes a flexible vent pipe assembly which can slide in relation to the shell of the cooler. By making the vent pipe slidable, it can move in response to the expansion and contraction of the pocket within the shell. The vent pipe assembly is comprised of (a) a tube which is connected to the pocket and which slidably extends through an aperture in the shell and (b) a flexible means for sealingly connecting the outer end of the tube to the shell.

Abstract: A rotary drum cooler having a shell for cooling particulate material (e.g. coke particles) wherein the volumetric capacity of the lifters within the shell which lift the material from the bottom of the shell to the exit thereof can be adjusted to thereby affect the exit parameters (e.g. temperature, particle size, etc.) of the cooled particulate material.

Abstract: The present invention deals with a method to produce uniform quality coke for a blast furnace by quenching coke at a pre-determined rate to produce coke with essentially uniform moisture; further, this invention possesses specific features to produce coke of uniform stability (strength) by equilibrating the temperature of the coke prior to its being quenched. Uniform moisture and uniform stability are very important factors that contribute to the efficient operation of the blast furnace to result in lowering the cost of making a ton of iron. This method is carried out under pressure, in a closed system, and in an environmentally acceptable manner with minimum formation of CO.sub.2. Further, the method possesses additional features which lead to the production of coke of higher stability than obtained conventionally.

Abstract: A system that reduces worker exposure during coke drum unheading and cutting operations and that reduces risk to workers also provides a capacity increase in that the time a coke drum is not being filled is reduced. This system employs a containment shield that safely permits drainage through the bottom head and contains water and coke avalanches.

Abstract: A system for transporting and burning under negative pressure in a boiler a raw coke oven gas to produce steam energy. The system has the usual battery of coke ovens and corresponding ascension pipes connected to a collector main. Flushing liquor is sprayed into the hot coke oven gases to effect cooling in the collector main. A transport main delivers the cooled raw coke oven gases and flushing liquor to a burner of a steam producing boiler where the transport main includes a downcomer for separating the raw coke oven gas from the flushing liquor. The coke oven gas is burned in the boiler where a suction fan is provided at the exhaust of the boiler to develop a negative pressure in the system where the boiler has reinforced walls to withstand the negative pressure. A change in negative pressure in the system is detected and monitored by a controller system which varies draw of the suction fan in response to a detected change in negative pressure in the system.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a delayed coker drum as used in a refining process to receive coke feedstock as a hot liquid and in which the coke feedstock is cooled and quenched to produce solid coke, the hot liquid causing the drum to initially expand circumferentially and laterally and upon quenching to shrink due to thermal contraction, the circumferential shrinking serving to crush solidified coke and the lateral shrinking causing interface frictional contact between the solidified coke and the vessel sidewall that must be overcome, inducing high level stresses in the drum, including the steps of selecting a plurality of metal plates configured for assembling the drum, and welding the plates together creating welded seams and in which the metal plates are selected to have metallurgical characteristics and thicknesses such that their elastic limits exceed the stress introduced in the plates during the quenching process and employing welding materials and techniques such that the elastic limits of the welded se

Abstract: The metal stresses in a delayed coke drum are reduced by externally cooling the coke drum near the junction of the drum shell and the supporting skirt thereof during the quench step. This reduces the metal stresses at the area around the welds of the drum skirt.

Abstract: A method of controlling the rate of quench of coke in a coke drum to reduce deterioration of the coke drum sidewall in which water is admitted into the coke drum filled with hot coke to cool the coke includes the steps of determining the stress imposed on the coke drum sidewall by means of at least one strain gauge affixed to the sidewall and controlling the rate of admission of water into the coke drum in response to the determined stress so that the rate of water admission keeps the stress below a preselected maximum level.

Abstract: A rotary coke cooling drum is formed of plural opposed folded plates welded together and having spaced apart openings for receiving an array of tubular cooling pockets which are separately formed and are insertable in the openings to provide heat transfer surfaces and auger flights for traversing material through the drum. The cooling pockets are formed by opposed trapezoidal shaped plate members which are welded to each other along mating edges leaving one end of the cooling pocket substantially open and the opposite end is closed over a major portion by an end cap and a short section of drain conduit adapted to project through the wall of the drum shell. The cooling pockets may each have a locating and mounting flange or doubler plate secured at the open end of the pockets and adapted to be welded to the wall of the drum shell. The pockets are easily inserted in and removed from the drum shell for repair or replacement as needed.

Abstract: A coke oven door extractor is mounted on the rail car and includes door engaging supports movable in individually differing amounts relative to a plane parallel to and including the door jamb and a door jamb height axis of symmetry and movable vertically, allowing the door extractor to compensate for front-to-back tilting and side-to-side leaning of the coke oven door jamb due to thermal distortion of the battery and variations in individual door heights. The extractor includes a first frame pivotally mounted to the car, a second frame horizontally translatably mounted to the first frame, and a third frame vertically translatably and pivotally mounted to the second frame, with the third frame including the door supports.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quenching a gas stream in the production of vinyl chloride monomer includes the use of a knock back condenser and a plurality of column fractional distillation trays disposed within the quench column, and a liquid stream of 1,2-dichloroethane, vinyl chloride, and hydrogen chloride may be removed from the bottom column fractional distillation tray.

Abstract: Coke feed device with housing (6) for a coke dry cooling installation which is allocated to a cooling shaft (41) and consists of a stationary hopper (1) with an extraction line (9), a movable hopper (2), a movable, liftable and lowerable cooling shaft closure (8) and the housing (6) containing the movable hopper (2) and the cooling shaft closure (8) which are arranged on a joint chassis (22) running on rails (49). The movable hopper (2, 200, 201) is fitted with a distribution bell (3, 4) and a liftable and lowerable sealing ring (11) and the movable cooling shaft closure (8) fitted with a sealing ring (55) is integrated into a lifting and lowering device (15) and the housing (6, 600, 601) takes the form of a hood clear of the floor or with apertures in the walls (45, 450, 451, 46, 460, 461) for a limited secondary air supply.

Abstract: A coke box for dry quenching and indirectly cooling a charge of coke received from the discharge end of a coke oven. The coke box includes a chamber for receiving the coke and a seal engageable with the discharge end of the oven to substantially prevent the escape of combustible gases and particulate matter therefrom. A door encloses the coke within the receiving chamber to substantially isolate the coke from the atmosphere and an external cooling media which is passed over the exterior surfaces of the receiving chamber to indirectly cool the charge of coke enclosed in the receiving chamber. A burner chamber is connected to the receiving chamber for burning combustible gases and particulate matter exhausted from the receiving chamber. Preferably, the burner includes a venturi tube and an air inlet nozzle for drawing atmospheric air into the burner to mix with the combustible gases and enhance the combustion thereof.

Abstract: An improved coke handling apparatus includes a coke box for receiving and indirectly cooling a coke charge from a coke oven in a pollution-free manner and a vehicle for transporting and maneuvering the coke box. The carrier may be self-propelled with at least a pair of rail-engaging wheels and preferably has an upper tilt frame for supporting and dumping the coke box and apparatus for maneuvering the coke box within the tilt frame to assist in alignment of the coke box with the oven face. In one embodiment, the apparatus further includes circulating gas within the receiving chamber of the coke box for enhancing the cooling of the coke charge. The apparatus may also include a burner chamber for burning combustible gases exhausted from the receiving chamber of the coke box. Coke oven door removal and cleaning mechanism may also be included.

Abstract: Gravity flow mixing apparatus for the packed bed flow mixing of particulate matter, such as hot, retorted oil shale, comprises a mixing tower having therein a plurality of parallel mixing tubes. A plurality of three dimensional mixing members are axially spaced apart at about 60.degree. to about 120.degree. rotational separation so that, with packed bed flow through the tubes, each member is below the particulate matter repose surface at the above-adjacent member. Means are included for introducing a cooling fluid, preferably, water, into the tubes just above one or more of such repose surfaces, apertures being provided in the tubes to enable disengagement of gases, for example, steam, from the particulate matter. Comprising each mixing member are primary, secondary and tertiary mixer elements.

Abstract: A twin wall coke quenching container having an upwardly slanting bottom, there being a first plurality of quenching water inlets in an upper portion of that bottom, the openings of the first plurality having axes transverse to the upwardly slanting bottom; a second plurality of water inlet openings are disposed in front and rear walls not much higher than a level of that edge and being arranged only in the bottom portion having the first plurality of openings; a third plurality of water inlet openings extend along the upper edge, and axial inclination similar to said slant of the bottom.

Abstract: Apparatus for cooling granular material such as petroleum coke comprises an elongated drum characterized by a generally cylindrical shell wall having spaced apart circular segment pockets extending radially inwardly from the shell wall toward the central axis of the drum to provide extended heat transfer surfaces and flow spaces for cooling water. The cooling pockets are welded to the shell wall along the edges of opposed sidewalls of the pocket or conduit members themselves. The somewhat flexible drum shell resulting from the aforedescribed construction is strengthened and held substantially rigid for rotation about its central axis by a plurality of circumferentially spaced tension rods which extend from one end of the drum to the other and are engagable with a support plate.

Abstract: A coke quenching car comprises an open coke receptacle having a sloping bottom wall inclined toward one side, closely spaced vertical internal walls, a vertical side wall opposite the one side and end walls. All of the walls are formed with cooling fluid passages. The vertical side wall includes a coke discharge opening closed by a swingable L-shaped flap having a leg portion with a cooling fluid passage and a foot portion underhanging the bottom wall in a closed position. The foot portion is provided with aperatures for draining quench water from the receptacle when the flap is swung into a drain position. A fluid cooled slidable cover for the receptacle is provided.

Abstract: A quenching car from coke ovens that serves to receive a carbonized batch from an oven chamber while standing still and is capable of travel alongside a battery of coke ovens to a point under a quenching tower, includes a coke receptacle which is designed as a rectangular box. The receptacle is equipped with a slanted bottom that slants down toward a coke ramp that lies on a side of the car opposite the battery of coke ovens. A front wall of the receptacle facing the coke ramp, is equipped on its lower portion along its entire length with a flap that swings outwardly and which can be pivoted by means of an operating rod and a first operating device from a position in which it holds the receptacle tightly closed into a position in which it is open by the space of a crack in the area of the low point of the slanting bottom. The dump opening of the receptacle meanwhile remains closed by a inner, grate-like flap lining.

Abstract: A hot coke receiving device of a type having a coke bucket body which has a cylindrical or polygonal form with a discharge gate provided in the bottom thereof, and having the coke bucket turnably mounted on a bucket car, said receiving device comprising: a ring-like horizontal frame surrounding the outer periphery of the coke bucket body without contact therebetween, said frame being connected to the discharge gate by means of a pair of rods and a pair of pins; a pair of outwardly projecting trunnions disposed at opposing points on the said ring-like horizontal frame; a pair of vertical hanger beams secured at opposing positions near but apart from the positions of said trunnions; said vertical beams having a projecting block which engages with said trunnion.

Abstract: Hot coke 3 expelled from a coking chamber is conveyed in a quenching car 2 to a quenching tower 4 past an infra-red detector 6 which provides a signal to initiate supply of the quenching water. It is a problem to control the amount of quenching water supplied to achieve adequate quenching without adding excess humidity. To solve this, the detector produces an analogue signal dependent on the surface temperature of the passing coke, and the duration of supply of quenching water is determined from this signal. The signal may also be used to control variation of the degree of quenching at different parts of the car and also to control the heating of the coking chamber.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of quenching heated coke in a coke drum. Quench water is fed into the coke drum to cool the coke, and the stress in the coke drum wall is monitored during the quenching. The rate of feeding the quench water into the coke drum is regulated to prevent the stress in the coke drum wall from exceeding a predetermined limit. The stress is monitored by measuring either the longitudinal thermal gradient or the rates of change in the drum wall temperature over time.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for detection and selective after-quenching of red hot pockets in previously quenched hot coke lying on a coke bench, in which the temperature of the coke is sensed and recorded over the entire surface or area of the coke bench by temperature sensors installed thereabove, and if excessively hot coke portions or local areas are found, only those excessively hot coke portions are acted upon for after-quenching automatically in controlled manner with a focused water jet or spray using only a minimum amount of water for as short a time as possible.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing bulk materials by induction wherein the materials are processed within a plurality of compartments whose walls comprise a material which is adaptable to being heated by induction and wherein the plurality of compartments commonly share an induction coil means which surrounds the plurality of compartments. The apparatus possesses features which make it adaptable to operate in a closed system to be acceptable to the environment and also features which guarantee uniform charging of the material to be processed and uniform discharging of the processed material. In applications where sulfur, tars and oils are a problem, means are provided to deal with such problems by reacting the sulfur and by cracking the tars and oils. The apparatus lends itself to economically process tonnages of great magnitude at a low operating cost and also it requires low investment cost.

Abstract: A bulk hot coke cooler with a vessel for holding the coolant material and a drum rotatably supported within the vessel so that when the drum rotates, it moves through the coolant, the drum having a plurality of hollow cooling pockets going from one side of the drum to the other which directly contact the hot coke in the drum through which pockets coolant can flow as the drum rotates to enhance the cooling effect of the coolant on the hot coke inside the drum, wear sleeves provided on the edges of selected pockets to protect the lead surfaces of the pockets which come in contact with the hot coke, the wear sleeves being shaped to match the shape of the pocket surface where they are attached, and transfer bars connected to the wear sleeves which move and push the coke through the drum. The various parts of the cooler can be fabricated from hardfaced plate.

Abstract: An apparatus and process are provided for depressurizing, cooling, and, optionally, moisturizing retorted oil shale produced in an oil shale retort operated at superatmospheric pressure. Hot retorted oil shale particles are gravitated from the retort and into an elongated, multichambered vessel. In the upper chambers of the vessel the particles are partially cooled by contact with a controlled flow of liquid water. The water, having been totally vaporized, is removed from the particles at a rate which prevents the substantial flow of gases between the vessel and the retort. In the lower chambers of the vessel, the particles are first stripped of entrained hydrocarbon gas by gravitating through a countercurrently flowing stream of stripping gas and then brought to ambient pressure by gravitating through a long, narrow seal leg. Optionally, the depressurized and partially cooled particles are then further cooled and moisturized by admixing with a controlled flow of liquid water.

Abstract: A method of dry cooling coke using a coke transporting bucket which has a removable cover with an exhaust pipe extending from the interior of the bucket to an exterior exhaust connection and a cooling shaft for the coke comprises directing red hot coke into the bucket, covering the bucket with the cover and transporting the coke to the cooling shaft and connecting the exhaust pipe to the exhaust system while the bucket is in the shaft and emptying the bucket into the cooling shaft. The coke transporting bucket comprises a container having a bottom discharge which is closable by a flap and a removable cover which seats around the rim of the container to seal it. An exhaust pipe is carried by the cover and it extends into the interior thereof for removing gases from within the bucket and delivering them to an exterior connection which is connectable to an exhaust line.

Abstract: A method for the dry cooling of coke comprises transferring the coke from the coke oven to a special bucket which is moved over a charging hole of a cooling pit. The space between the bucket and the charging hole is closed off and sealed against the atmosphere and a shutter which closes the top of the charging hole is moved upwardly and then transversely off the charging hole to open it as an intermediate charging guide piece is moved in position between the hole and the bucket for the transfer of the coke therebetween. The space between the bucket and the charging hole is sealed by a frame of a sluicing device in which the shutter and the intermediate charging hole guidepiece is movable. The device advantageously runs on wheels which are located outside the frame which seals the space between the charging bucket and the charging pit. The frame of the sluicing device advantageously includes a sealing element which engages into a recess seal combined around the charging hole.

Abstract: A coke calcining apparatus comprises a rotary kiln (1), an intermediate cooler (3) installed outside of but rotating unitarily with the kiln at an intermediate part thereof and having inlets (32) and outlets (33) respectively communicating with the upstream and downstream interiors (A,B) of the kiln, and an annular weir (7) fixed to and around the inner wall surface of the kiln at a part thereof between the inlets and outlets of the cooler and functioning to cause the entire quantity of coke (6) which has been subjected to a first-stage calcination at 600.degree. to 1,000.degree. C. in the upstream interior (A) to flow through the cooler (3). The coke thus cooled to 200.degree. C. or lower is subjected to a second-stage calcination at 1,200.degree. to 1,400.degree. C. in the downstream interior (B) for 10 to 30 minutes.