Abstract: Described herein is a novel deionization process for seawater desalination: Seawater is contained in—or streams through—a semi-rectangular ionizing-chamber, two of its facing walls are wide electrostatic charged belts that continuously move through this chamber in a loop. The ions within the seawater separate under the force of the electrostatic field, the anions adhere to the anode belt and move with it, while the cations adhere to the cathode belt and move with it. These belts unload the adhered ions in a separate compartment from which the seawater, now at higher salt concentration, is discharged; consequently, the seawater left in the first compartment loses salt (ions) as the process continues, i.e., become desalinized.

Abstract: A galvanic processing device includes a flow container having an inlet, an outlet and a longitudinal axis. Anodes are made from a first metal. Cathodes are made from a second, different metal. The electrodes may be disk-shaped. The cathodes and anodes are alternately placed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. Dielectric spacer rings separate the anodes and the cathodes. The electrodes may have circumferential segments aligned at an angle ? to impart a swirl to a flow of liquid through the container. A portion of the anodes and cathodes may have the circumferential segments aligned at an angle ?? a to reverse the direction of the swirl of the flow through the flow container. Portions of the circumferential segments may be aligned at an angle ? and other portions are aligned at an angle ? so that the swirl of the flow through the flow container has components with different directions.

Abstract: A device for addressing an electrode array of 2n lines of an electro-fluidic device, each line having N electrodes (n?N). The device includes, on each line, n selection electrodes, all of the line selection electrodes being connected to 2n line selection conductors, 2n?1 line selection electrodes of 2n?1 lines being connected to each line selection conductor, and selection devices for selecting one or more line selection conductors.

Abstract: A method and means of removing at least some of the phosphorous contained in waste water wherein waste water is continuously moved through a water treatment chamber wherein positive and negative electrodes are partially immersed in the waste water and are periodically moved through the water so that phosphorous will collect on the positive electrodes to enable the same to be removed from the waste water. Hydrogen and nitrogen are also released by the electrolysis action of this invention.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the high-pressure electrocoagulative treatment of aqueous and viscous fluids and sludge is provided. The apparatus includes a plate and frame design utilizing mechanical closure on a plurality of recessed, gasketed, non-electrically conductive electrocoagulation spacer plates that completely enclose and isolate all fluids, electrical contacts, and electrodes within the confines of the apparatus. The spacer plates include intergral supports that position and support said plates with enclosed electrodes on top of the side rails of the supporting frame of the apparatus allowing said plates to be separated for electrode replacement and maintenance and conversly closed, pressured and put into service. The apparatus includes a baffled influent and effluent chamber at both ends for the addition and flash mixing of chemical reagents and/or flocculants and to provide a means of fluid communication between fluid conduits and chambers formed within the apparatus.

Abstract: There are proposed a waste water treating method, a waste water treating appratus and a waste water treating system which are capable of treating a nitrogen compound and a phosphorus compound in the same treating vessel and treating waste water containing a nitrogen compound and a phosphorus compound efficiently. The waste water treating method is a method for treating a nitrogen compound and a phosphorus compound in for-treatment water by an electrochemical process, wherein a metal material constituting a cathode is a conductive material, a conductive material constituting an anode is an insoluble material or carbon, and there is carried out at lease one of a step of adding calcium chloride to the for-treatment water and a step of immersing an iron material in the for-treatment water.

Abstract: In a process for producing a semiconductor member, and a solar cell, making use of a thin-film crystal semiconductor layer, the process includes the steps of: (1) anodizing the surface of a first substrate to form a porous layer at least on one side of the substrate, (2) forming a semiconductor layer at least on the surface of the porous layer, (3) removing the semiconductor layer at its peripheral region, (4) bonding a second substrate to the surface of the semiconductor layer, (5) separating the semiconductor layer from the first substrate at the part of the porous layer, and (6) treating the surface of the first substrate after separation and repeating the above steps (1) to (5).

Abstract: A purifying apparatus for purifying flowing water includes a negative electrode plate disposed on a flowing water bed and a positive electrode plate disposed at an upper face opposite to the negative electrode plate, wherein the positive electrode plate is adapted to be dipped below a water surface of the flowing water with floats being disposed at least at upstream and downstream end portions or opposing side portions of the positive electrode plate in a flowing direction of the flowing water. A structure is provided for positioning the positive electrode plate at a position opposite the negative electrode plate. Also, as necessary, a vertical-movement structure is provided to allow vertical movement of the positive electrode plate and of a gas collecting unit. The positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are provided with an electric field generator.

Abstract: The invention relates to purification of waste waters and may be used for water purification from heavy non-ferrous metals, chrome and organic impurities, as well as for separation of impurities from solution. The method is performed by electric coagulation with 3-phase alternating current having a current density of at least 3.0 A/dm2 using a coagulator that is provided with at least one mobile electrode disposed between at least two immobile electrodes.

Abstract: A device for the treatment of selected solutions wherein the device is a sealed container including a chemical mixture therein, at least one of the ingredients being magnetite.

Abstract: A corona electrode, such as a roller electrode, having an outer dielectric layer and an undercoat of a copper layer that permits the electrode to operate at a lower temperature for a specific power input over a similar electrode without the copper undercoat.

Abstract: A device for the treatment of selected solutions wherein the device is a sealed container including a chemical mixture therein, at least one of the ingredients being magnetite.